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kwJym-]p-kvXIw
162
163
BapJw
kwJym-]p-kvXIw
I. Imt\-\nse AXp-ey-amb ÿm\w
tamsi-bpsS \mem-asØ ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ kwJy
F∂ t]cv sk]v‰z-Pn‚nse AcnXvtambv (Arithmoi) F∂
t]cns‚ Hcp hnh¿Ø-\-am-Wv. Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-S-\ofw
\¬I-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ kwJym-]-c-amb At\I hnh-c-
߃s°m∏w 1˛Dw, 26-˛-Dw A≤ym-b-ß-fnse P\-kw-Jym-
K-W\w Imc-W-amWv Cu t]cv h∂Xv F∂-Xn¬ kwi-
b-an-√.
Cu ]pkvX-IsØ samØ-Øn¬ IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-
tºmƒ, F_m-b-\m-a-amWv AXnse hnh-c-W-ß-tfm-Sp≈
_‘-Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ A\p-tbm-Py-am-bn-´p-≈Xv acp-`q-
an-bn¬ (In the wilderness - Bemidbar). \mev]-Xp-h¿j-
°m-esØ acp-`q-hn-h-cWw ck-I-c-amb ]kn≤-I-Y-I-f-S-
ßn-b-Xm-Wv. H‰p-t\m-´-°m¿ I\m≥ kµ¿in-°p-∂Xv,
tImc-lns‚ AXn-Iaw, Al-tcms‚ Xfn¿Ø-h-Sn, ]n®-
f-k¿∏w, _nse-bmapw Ahs‚ Igp-Xbpw IqSmsX
A[nIw Adn-b-s∏-SmØ a‰p kw`-h-߃.
CXv tIhew F_m-b-cpsS Ncn-X-amWv F∂v Nn¥n-
°-cp-Xv. \ΩpsS Bflob D∂-Xn-bv°p-th-≠n-bmWv Cu
Imcy-ß-sf√mw kw`-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. bnkm-tb¬ a°-
fpsS sX‰p-Iƒ \mapw Bh¿Øn-°p-hm-\-√, adn®v Ah-
bn¬\n∂v \mw ]e Imcy-߃ ]Tn-°p-hm-\m-bn- mWv AXp-
sIm≠v kwJym-]p-kvXIw hfsc ]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p∂
Hcp ]pkvX-I-am-Wv.
II. KŸ-I¿ØrXzw
blqZ, InkvXob D]-tZ-i-]-Imcw kwJym-]p-kvX-
Iw, henb \nb-a-Zm-Xm-hmb tamsi-bm-emWv Fgp-X-s∏-
´-Xv. \ho-I-cW hrØ-߃ CXn\v th≠-hn-[-Øn-ep≈
]cn-K-W\ \evIn-bn-´n-√. F∂m¬ tamssiI KŸ-
I¿Ør-XzsØ°pdn-®p≈ kwi-b-\n-hm-c-W-Øn\v ]©-
K-Ÿ-ß-fpsS BapJw t\m-°p-I.
III. Fgp-X-s∏ - Imew
blqZ N-cn -X-Øn¬ ]©-K-Ÿ-߃°v hf-sc
sshInb Hcp ÿm\-amWv bp‡n-hm-Zn-Iƒ \evIn-bn-cn-
°p-∂-Xv, F∂m¬ bmYm-ÿn-XnI Nn¥m-K-Xn-bp-≈-hcpw
AXn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cp-amb ]fin-X∑msc kw_-
‘n®v s]m-cp-Ø-ap-≈ Hcp Xo-bXn GI-tZiw _n.-kn.
1406 B-Wv. (hn-i-Z-hn-h-c-߃°mbn ]©-K-Ÿ-ß-fpsS
BapJw t\m°p-I).
IV. ]›m-Ø-ehpw hnj-bhpw
kwJym-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ Ncn-X-]-c-amb ]›m-Ø-ew,
\n¿t±-in-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ F_m-b-\m-aw-t]mse acp`q-an-
bmWv. ChnsS hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p∂ bmX-Ifpw A-e-®n-ep-
Ifpw bnkm-tb¬ P\w ko\mbn ]¿∆Xw hn´-Xp-ap-X¬
hmKvZ-Ø-\m-Sns‚ FXn¿h-i-Øp≈ tamhm_v ka`q-an-
bn¬ FØp-∂-Xp-h-sc-bp≈ GI-tZiw ap∏-Øn-sb-´p-
h¿j-߃ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠p-≈-Xm-Wv. Ae-®n-ep-Iƒ
Ah-cp-sS Ahn-izmkw aqe-ap-≠mbXmbn-cp-∂p. ImcWw
Ah-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ hni-Z-hn-h-c-߃ ssZhw \evIp-∂n-
√. kvtImPn A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-t]mse ssZh-ln-X-
Øn¬ \n∂pw hyXn-N-en-®p-sIm-≠p≈ ssZh-P-\-Øns‚
t]m°v Ahs‚ Ie-≠-dn√ (1).
te-hy-]p-kvXIw Bcm-[-\bv°pw Bflob ]Z-hn-
Iƒ°pw ]m-[m\yw \evInbn-cn-°p-tºm-ƒ kwJym
]pkvX-I-Ønse hnjbw \S∏pw Bflo-bm`n-hr-≤n-bp-
amWv (A-s√-¶n¬ AXns‚ Ipd-hv).Cu ]pkvXIw hnc-
k-amb Hcp blq-Z-N-cn-X-]p-kvX-I-am-sW∂v InkvXym-
\n-Iƒ Nn¥n-°-cp-Xv. B[p-\nI InkvXob A\p-`-h-ß-
tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn-´p≈ Imcy-ß-
fmWv AXn¬ AS-ßn-bn-´p-≈-Xv. c£-bn-¬\n∂pw ssZh-
Øns‚ hnP-b-I-c-amb hmKvZ-Ø-ß-fn-te-°p≈ Hcp ]q¿Æ
]th-i\w F√m InkvXym-\n-Ifpw (A-Yhm an°-t]-cpw).
t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p-∂Xv FX-th-K-am-sW-∂ Imcyw Nn¥n-°p-
kwJym-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ hnim-e-amb Ncn-X-]-›m-Ø-e-Øns‚ A\p-Iaw InkvXob Pohn-
X-Øn\p kam-¥-c-amb Hcp ÿnXn-hn-ti-j-ambn ImW-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ InkvXym-\n-bpsS Pohn-X-tØm-
Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ AXp-ey-amb Hcp kw`m-h\ AXn¬\n∂pw e`n-°p-∂p≠v. F_mbte-J-\-
I¿Ømhv c≠p A≤ym-b-ßsf AXn-\mbn th¿Xn-cn-®p-sIm≠v CXns\ A¿∞-]q¿Æ-amb Hcp
]tbm-K-am-°n Xo¿°p∂p (F-_m. 3,4) .
C¿hnßv F¬, sP≥k≥
164 kwJym-]p-kvXIw
∂Xp hfsc kt¥m-j-I-c-am-bn-cn-°pw. F∂m¬, ]ndp-]n-
dp-∏v, ]n∑m-‰w-, Ahn-izmkw F∂n-h-sIm≠v \mw FX-
amXw ]≠sØ bnkm-tb-en-t\mSp A\p-cq-]-am-bn-cn-
°p∂p F∂v kq£va-amb \nco-£-W-ßfpw A\p-`-h-
ßfpw hy‡-am-°p-∂p.
bnkm-tb-ens‚ Ae-®n¬ \ΩpsS Bflob bm-X-
bn¬ \mw Bh¿Øn-t°-≠-Xn√ F∂p-≈Xv Hcp
kphm¿Ø-bm-Wv. hnizm-k-Øm¬ Bflob hnPbw t\Sn-
sb-Sp-°p-hm-\p≈ F√m am¿§-ß-fpw ssZhw \evIn-bn-´p-
≠v. (]p-Xn-b-\n-b-a-Øn-s‚, ]tXy-In®v tdma. 6- -8) A≤ym-
b ß-fpsS _neo-thgvkv ss__nƒ Ia‚dn t\m°p-
I).
D≈-S°w
I. ko\m-bn-¶se Ah-km-\-Zn-h-k-߃ (1:1˛10:10)
A. P\-kwJymKW-\hpw tKmX-ß-fpsS k÷o-I-
c-Whpw (A. 1,2)
B. tehy-cpsS FÆhpw Ah-cpsS NpaX-e-Ifpw
(A.3,4)
C. ip≤o-I-c-Whpw Ip‰-k-Ω-Xhpw (5:1˛10)
D. i¶ kw_-‘-amb \nbaw (5:11˛31)
E. \mko¿h-X-°m-cs\ kw_-‘n-®p≈ \nbaw
(A.6)
F. ]`p-°-∑m-cpsS hgn-]m-Sp-Iƒ (A.7)
G. kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-Ønse ipiq-j-Iƒ (A.8)
H. s]k-l, taLw, sh≈n-°m-l-f-߃ (9:1˛10:10)
II ko\m-bn¬ \n∂v tamhm_v ka-`q-an-bn-te°v
(10:11˛22:1)
A. ko\mbn acp- q-an-bn¬ \n∂p≈ ]pd-∏mSv (10:11˛36)
B. ]mf-b-Ønse ]ndp-]n-dp∏v (A.11)
C. Al-tcms‚bpw ancym-an-s‚bpw ]ndp-]n-dp∏v(A.12)
D. hmKvZ-Ø-tZiw D‰pt\m°p∂Xv (A.13,14)
E. ]e-hn-[- \n-b-a-߃(A.15)
F. tImc-lns‚ AXn-Iaw (A.16,17)
G. tehy¿°p≈ \n¿t±-i-߃ (A.18,19)
H. tamsi-bpsS ]m]w (20:1˛13)
I. Al-tcms‚ acWw (20:14˛29)
J. Xmak¿∏w (21:1˛22:1)
III. tamhm_v ka-`q-an-bnse kw`-h-߃ (22:2˛36:13)
A. _nsebmw ]hm-N-I≥ (22:2˛25:18)
1. _mem-°n-\m¬ £Wn-°-s∏´ _nsebmw
(22:2˛40)
2. _nse-bm-ans‚ kp`m-jn-X-߃ (22:41˛24:25)
3. bnkm-tb-en-t\m-Sp≈ _nse-bm-ans‚ h©\
(A.25)
B. c≠m-asØ It\-jpamcn IW°v (A.26)
C. ]pXn-am-cpsS ]c-º-cm-KX Ah-Imiw (A. 27)
D. tamsi-bpsS ]n≥Kman, tbmiph (27:12˛23)
E. hgn-]m-Sp-Ifpw t\¿®-Ifpw (A. 28˛-30)
F. anZym-\y-cpsS \miw (A.31)
G. cqt_≥, KmZv, a\-s»-bpsS ]mXn-tKmXw F∂n-
h-cpsS ]c-º-cm-KX Ah-Imiw (A.32)
H. bnkm-tbey ]mf-b-ß-fpsS ]p\-c-h-tem-I\w
(A.33)
I. hmKvZØ tZi-Øns‚ AXn-cp-Iƒ (A.34)
J. tehy-cpsS ]´-W-߃ (35:1˛5)
K. kt¶X \K-c-ßfpw h[-in-£bpw (35:6˛34)
L. hnhm-ln-X-cmb ]pXn-am¿°p≈ ]c-ºcm-K-X-amb
Ah-Imiw (A. 36).
165
hymJym\w
I. ko\m-bn-¶se Ah-km-\-Zn-h-k-߃
(1:1˛10:10)
A. P\-kw-Jym-K-W-\hpw tKmX-ß-fp-sS k÷o-
I-c-Whpw (A.1,2)
1:1 kwJym]p-kvXIw Xpd-°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬
bnkm-tb¬ P\w ank-bow hn´n´v Hcp h¿jhpw Hcp
amkhpw XnI-bp-∂-tXm-sSm∏w kam-K-a\ IqSmcw ASn-
®n´v Hcp amkw Ign-bpIbmWv (]p-d. 40:17). apºv kqNn-
∏n-®-Xp-t]mse P\-ß-fpsS IW°v c≠p-]m-hiyw FSp-
Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Cu ]p-kvX-I-Øn\p Cu t]cp-
In-´n-bXv (A.1,26). ]pd. 30:11˛16 hmIy-ß-fn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-
°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ coXn-bn-e√ ChnsS P\-kwJy tcJ-s∏-
Sp-Ø-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv. hyXy-kvX-ß-fmb Dt±-iy-ß-tfm-Sp-
IqSn ]e-t∏m-gmbn FSp-Øn- p-≈-h-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv. c≠m-
asØ It\-jp-amcn IW-s°-Sp∏v (kw-Jy. 1) apºp≈
P\-kwJym KW-\sØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bp-≈-Xm-Im-
\mWv km[yX. ImcWw Ah-bpsS samØØn-ep≈
IW°v Hcp-t]m-se-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
1:2,3 ko\mbn ]¿∆-XØn-¶¬ \n∂pw hmKvZØ \m´n-
te-°p≈ bmX XpS-ßp-hm-\p≈ XnSp-°-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p
bnkm-tb¬P-\w. Ia-]-Imcw AWn-b-Wn-bmbn t]mIp
∂ ssk\y-ambn Ahsc Iao-I-cn-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-
bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Ah-cpsS P\-kwJym IW-s°-Sp-°p-hm≥
ssZhw Bh-iy-s∏-´p. Ccp-]-Xp hb- p-ap-X¬ tatem´v,
bp≤-Øn\p ]pds∏Sphm≥ ]m]vXn-bp≈ ]pcp-j-∑msc
F√m h-scbpw IW-°n¬s∏Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.
1:4˛17 F√m tKmX-ß-fn¬\n∂pw Hmtcm ]pcp-j-∑m¿
hoXw P\-kwJym IW-s°-Sp-∏n¬ tamisb klm-bn-
®n-cp-∂p. 5˛16 hmIy-ß-fn¬ Ah-cpsS t]cp-Iƒ \evI-
s∏-´n-´p-≠v. Ipdn-°-s∏´ Cu ]pcp-j-∑msc tamsibpw
Al-tcm\pw Iq´n-s°m-≠p-t]mbn F∂mWv 17-˛mw hmIy-
Øn¬ hmbn-°p-∂-Xv.
1:18˛46 It\-jp-amcn IW-°ns‚ ^ew Xmsg-∏-dbpw
]Im-c-ambn-cp-∂p.
tKmXw hmIy-kq-NnI FÆw
cqt_≥ hm.20,21 46,500
ina-tbm≥ hm.22,23 59,300
KmZv hm.24,25 45,650
bqZm hm.26,27 74,600
C m-Jm¿ hm.28,29 54,400
sk_q-eq≥ hm.30,31 57,400
F^bow hm. 32,33 40,500
a\s» hm.34,35 32,200
s_\ym-ao≥ hm.36,37 35,400
Zm≥ hm.38,39 62,700
Bti¿ hm.40,41 41,500
\ vXmen hm.42,43 53,400
BsI 603,550
a\-s»-sb-°mƒ henb tKmX-amWv F^bow F∂
Imcyw i≤n-°p-I. Dev]. 48:19,20 hmIy-ß-fnse bmt°m-
_ns‚ A\p-K-l-]-Im-c-amWv CXv. cqt_\pw Ahs‚
]mf-bhpw BZyw (sX-°v) ]n∂oSv bqZmbpw Ahs‚
]mf-bhpw (In-g-°v) AXn-\p-tijw Zm\pw Ahs‚ ]mf-
bhpw (h-S-°v) Ah-km-\-ambn F -boapw Ahs‚ ]mf-
bhpw (]-Sn-™m-dv) F∂ Ia-Øn¬ tKmX-ß-fpsS ]´nI
BZy-Pm-X-\mb cqt_-\n¬ \n∂p-amWv Bcw`n-®n-cn-°p-
∂-Xv.
1:47˛54 tbm≤m-°-fm-bn-cn-t°-≠p∂ bnkm-tb¬ ]pcp-
j-∑m-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ tehy¿ FÆ-s∏-´n-cp-∂n√ (hm.47).
kam-K-a-\-Iq-Smcw ASn-°p-∂Xpw AXv Agn-s®-Sp-°p-∂-
Xp-amb tPmen-Ifpw AXn-t\mSp _‘-s∏-´p≈ ipiq-
j-Ifpw sNøp-hm-\mbn \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-´-h-cm-bn-cp∂p
Ah¿. kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-Øn\p Np‰pw Ah-sc-Øs∂
B°n-h-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v, Xncp-\n-hm-ksØ Aip-≤n-
bn¬\n∂pw X∑qew P\sØ in£-bn¬\n∂pw Ah¿
kwc-£n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p (hm.53).
hS°v
Zm≥ (62,700)
Bti¿ (41,500)
\^vXmen (53,400)
BsI 157,600
]Sn-™mdv
F^bow (40,500)
a\-s» (32,200)
s_\ym-ao≥ (35,400)
BsI 108,100
Ing°v
bqZ (74,600)
C m-Jm-¿ (54,400)
sk_q-eq≥ (57,400)
BsI 186,400
sX°v
cqt_≥ (46,500)
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 1
166
bnkm-tb¬ ]mf-b-Ønse tKmX-ß-fpsS hn\ymkw
167
ina-tbm≥ (59,300)
KmZv (45,650)
BsI 151,450)
bnkmtb¬ ]mf-b-Ønse tKmX-ß-fpsS hn\ym-
kw.
2:1,2 kamK-a-\-IqSm-c-Øn\p Np‰p-ap≈ ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬
Hmtcm hi-ß-fn-epw apΩq∂p tKmX-߃ hoXw F∂
Ia-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS IqSm-c-߃ ASn-°p-hm≥ bnkm-
tb¬ tKmX-߃°p Iev]\ e`n®p (ap-≥ t]Pn¬ sImSp-
Øn-cn-°p∂ NnXw t\m°p-I).
2:3˛16 Ing-°p-h-iØp bqZm-bpsS sImSn-°o-gn¬ bqZ,
bnkm-Jm¿, sk_q-eq≥ F∂o tKmX-߃ (hm. 3˛9)
Bbn-cp∂p D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Hmtcm tKmX-Øn\pw Ah-
cpsS kz¥-ambn Hcp ssk\ym-[n-]-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu
tKmX-ß-fn-se√mw IqSn Hcp e£Øn F¨]-Øn-bm-dm-
bn-cØn \m\p-dp -t]-cp-≠m-bn-cp -∂p. sX°p-h-iØv
cqt_s‚ sImSn-°o-gn¬ cqt_≥, insa-tbm≥, KmZv F∂n-
h-cm-bn-cp∂p (hm.10-˛16). cqt_\y ]mf-b-Øn¬ BsI
Hcp-e-£Øn Aº-Øn-tbm-cm-bn-cØn \m\q-‰-ºXv t]cp-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
2:17˛31 ]Sn-™m-dp-h-iØp F^-bo-ans‚ sImSn-°o-
gn-em-bn, F^-bow, a\-s», s_\ym-an≥ F∂o tKmX-
ß-fm-bn-cp∂p D≠mbn-cp-∂Xv (hm.18-˛24). Hcp-e-£Øn
FÆm-bn-cØn Hcp-\q-dp-t]¿ CXn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Zms‚
sImSn-°o-gn¬ hS-°p-h-i-Øv, Zm≥, Bti¿, \^vXmen
tKmX-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p (hm.25- 31). Hcp-e £Øn Aº-Øn-
tb-gm-bn-cØn Adp-\qdp t]cm-bn-cp∂p Cu ]mf-b-Øn-
ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. \ev-I-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ Ia-a-\p-k-cn-®m-bn-
cp∂p tKmX-߃ AWn-b-Wn-bmbn bmX ]pd-s∏-tS-≠n-
bn-cp-∂-Xv. AXm-bXv blq-Z-tKmXw BZyw F∂n-ß-s\,
KmZn-\p-ti-jhpw F -bo-an\p apºm-bn- m-bn-cp∂p tehy¿
k©-cn-®n-cp-∂Xv (hm.17).
2:32˛34 bp≤-]m-]vX-cmb ]pcp-j∑m¿ BsI Bdp-e-
£Øn aqhm-bn-c-Ø-™q-‰-º-Xp-t]¿ Bbn-cp∂p (hm.32).
tehy-cpƒs∏sS BsI-bp≈ ]pcp-j-∑m¿ (3:39) 6,25,550
t]cm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp P\-X-bpsS aq∂n¬ Hcp- mKw ]pcp-j-
∑m¿ F∂ \ne-bn¬ IW-°m-°n-bm¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw
Ipd™ ]£w 1876,650 t]sc-¶nepap≠m-bn-cp∂p Ah¿.
Hcp k`sb kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw AXnse Nmcp-s_-
©n-en-cn-°p-∂-h-cpsS FÆ-tØ-°m-fp-]cn Ahn-SpsØ
tbm≤m-°-fp-sS FÆ-amWv k`-bpsS kwJym-_-e-
Øns‚ \√ Hcp kqNnI.
B. tehy-cpsS FÆhpw Ah-cp-sS Npa-X-e-Ifpw
(A. 3,4)
1,2 A≤ym-b-ß-fnse Imt\-jpamcn IW-°n¬ Dƒs∏-
Sp-Øn-bn-´n-√m-Ø te-hy-cpsS ipiq-j-Iƒ kw_-‘n-®p-
≈-XmWv 3,4 A≤ym-b-߃, Xncp-\n-hm-k-Ønse ipiq-
j-Iƒ°mbn ssZhw th¿Xn-cn® tKmX-amWv tehn-tKm
Xw. XpS-°-Øn¬ BZy-Pm-X-∑msc ssZhw X-\n-°mbn
th¿Xn-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m-¬ ssZhn-I-ipiq-j-bv°mbn
tehn-tKm-XsØ Ah¿°p ]I-c-ambn Xm≥ Xnc-s™-
SpØp (hm.12,13). tehn°p aq∂p ]pX-∑m-cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
sK¿tim≥, sI-lmØv, sacmcn. kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-hpw-A-
Xnse D]-I-c-W-ßfpw kw_-‘n-®p≈ Imcy-߃
t\m°n-bn-cp-∂Xv Ah-cpsS Xe-ap-d-I-fm-bncp∂p.
3:1˛10a. Al-tcms‚ IpSpw-_-am-bn-cp∂p (sI-lm-
Øns‚ Xe-ap-d) ]utcm-lnXy IpSpw-_w (hm.9). a‰p
tehy-sc-√m-hcpw kam-K-a\ IqSm-c-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n-®p≈-
ipiq-j-I-ƒ sNøp-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p, ]t£ ]ptcm-ln-X-
∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]©-K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ ]n∂oSp ImW-s∏-
Sp∂m≠¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv tehy-cmb ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿
F∂m-Wv. tehy-sc-√m-hcpw]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂p F∂v
CXn-\¿∞-an√, adn®v ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-sc-√m-hcpw tehn-
bpsS Xe-ap-d-°m-cm-bn-cp∂p F∂m-W¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv). 1˛4
hmIy-ß-fn¬ ]utcm-lnXy IpSpw-_sØ°pdn-®mWv hnh-
cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ssZhm-eb [zwk-\-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-
Øn¬ \mZm_pw A_o-lqhpw sIm√-s∏-´-tijw, Al-
tcm-\pw, Xs‚ Fe-bm-k¿, C∞m-am¿ F∂o ]pX-∑mcpw
tijn-®p. ]p-tcm-ln-X-∑m-cpsS Zmk-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂p tehy¿
(hm. 5-˛9). Al-tcm\pw Ahs‚ Xe-ap-d-I-fp-a-√msX
a‰mcpw ]utc-lnXy kw_-‘amb ipiq-j-Iƒ sNøp-
hm≥ ]mSn-√m-bn-cp∂p (hm.10a).
3:10b ˛13 ]g-b-\n-b-a-]p-tcm-ln-X-∑m-cpsS a≤y-ÿ-
Xbv°p Hcp ]m]n-sb ssZh-hp -am -bp≈ ASpØ
kwk¿§-Øn-te°v sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-
√. ac-W-th-Z-\-bv°-[o-\-s∏´ hnip-≤-h-kvXp-°-fn¬
\n∂pw Ah≥ AI∂p \nevt°-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-cp∂p (hm.
10b) F∂m¬ \ΩpsS tijvT alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-\mb
tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ a≤y-ÿX Ct∏m-ƒ \ap°p ssZh-
km-ao]yw amX-a√ Ahs‚ Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ ]th-i-\-
Øn-\p≈ ss[cyhpw \evIp∂p (F-_m. 4:!6). kwJym-
]p-kvX-I-Øn\pw F_mb teJ-\-Øn\pw at[y InS-
°p∂ Im¬h-dn-bnse A¤p-X-I-c-amb alm-kw- -h-amWv
Cu i‡-amb am‰-Øn\p Imc-W-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
3:14˛39 tehy¿ FÆ-s∏-´n-cp-∂Xv tbm≤m-°-fm-bn-´-
√m-bn-cp∂p adn®v Bcm-[-I-cm-bn- m-bn-cp∂p (hm.15). tehn-
bp-sS ]pX-∑msc Hmtcm-cp-Ø-tcbpw kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-
Øns‚ ]e ]e mK-ß-fpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-߃ Gev]n-
®p.
tKmXw˛ Npa-Xe˛ hmIy kq-NnI˛FÆw
sK¿tim≥. km£y-s∏-´-I-Øn-\p-Np‰pw s]mXn-™n-
cn-°p∂ Xnc-»oe HgnsI Xncp-\n-hm-k-Øn-tebpw ]mIm-
c-Øn-sebpw F√m ad-»o-e-Ifpw ]pd-aq-Sn-Ifpw kw_-
‘n-®p≈ Npa-Xe (hm.18-˛26) 7500
sIlmØv. s]´-Iw, ImgvN-b-∏-ta-i, AXnse D]-
I-c-W-ß-ƒ, Xnc-»oe bmK-]o-T-߃, \ne-hn-f°v apX-emb
AXn-hn-ip-≤-km-[-\-ß-fpsS Npa-Xe (hm.27-˛32)
8600
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 2,3
168
sacmcn. Xncp-\n-hm-k-Øns‚ ]e-I-Iƒ, A¥m-gw,
Xq¨, Nph-Sv, Ip‰n, Ib¿ F∂n-h-bpsS Npa-Xe
(hm.33-˛37) 6200
]Sn-™mdv sK¿tim-\y¿ (hm. 23), sX°v sI-lm-Xy¿
(hm.29), sacm-cy-Ip-Spw-_-߃ hS°v (hm.35) F∂ I-a-
Øn¬ kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-]-cn-[n-°p-≈n¬ G‰-hp-a-SpØv IqSm-
c-a-Sn-t°-≠Xv tehy-cm-bn-cp-∂p. tamsibpw Al-tcm\pw
Ahs‚ ]pX-∑mcpw Ing°v kam-K-a\ IqSm-c-Øns‚
ap≥h-i-Øm-bn-´m-bn-cp∂p ]mf-b-a-Sn-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂Xv
(hm.38,39) (NnXw t\m°p-I).
bnkmtb-ense G‰hpw sNdnb tKmXw tehn-bm-
bn-cp∂p tehy-cn¬ Hcp-amkw apX¬ ]mb-ap≈ BWp-
߃ BsI Ccp ]-Øo-cm-bncw t]cm-bn-cp∂p (hm.39).
F∂m¬ 22,28,34 hmIy-ß-fn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´n-cn-
°p∂ kwJy-I-fpsS BsI-ØpI 22,300 BWv. Cu
s]mcp-Ø-t°Sv kw_-‘n®v ]e hni-Zo-I-c-W-߃ D≠v.
a‰p tKmX-ß-fn¬\n-∂p≈ BZy-Pm-X-∑m¿°p-]-I-c-ambn
tehn-tKmXw Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-t∏mƒ kzm`m-hn-I-ambn
Hgn-hm-°-s∏-´-h-cmb, ]pd-∏m-Sn-\p-tijw P\n® BZy-Pm-
X-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂p Iq´n-t®¿°-s∏´ Cu ap∂q-dp-t]¿
F∂mWv hneywkv A`n-]m-b-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv (2).
3:40˛51 Cu `mK-Øns‚ A¿∞w Xmsg hnh-cn°pw
]Im-c-am-Wv. F√m ISn-™q-ep-Iƒ°pw ]I-c-ambn
tehysc ssZhw kz¥-P-\-ambn X\n-°p-th≠n Xnc-s™-
Sp-Øp. tehy¿ F√m-h-cpw-IqSn BsI 22,400 t]cpw
bnkm-tb-ense ISn-™q-ep-Iƒ BsI 22,273 t]cp-am-
bn-cp∂p (hm.39,43). Aßs\ ]mcw` ]≤-Xn-]-Imcw
ipiqj sNbvXn-cp∂ samØw bnkm-tbepw BZy-Pm-
X-∑m-cpsS Ipd-hp-Xo¿°phm≥ aXn-bmb tehy-cp-≠m-bn-
cp-∂n√. tehy-cpsS FÆsØ Ihn-™p≈ 273 BZy-Pm-
X-∑msc hos≠-Sp-°p-hm≥ (a-S-°n-hm-ßp-I) Hmtcm-cp-
Ø\p A©p-ti-°¬ hoXw hos≠-Sp-∏p-hne sImSp-°p-
hm≥ btlmh Iev]n-®p. Cu hos≠-Sp-∏p-hne (273x5=1365 tis°¬) Al-tcm\pw Ahs‚ ]pX-∑m¿°pw
\evI-s∏-´p (hm.51). 43-˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-
´n-cn-°p∂ BZy-Pm-X-∑m-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ ank-bo-an¬\n-
∂p≈ ]pd-∏m-Sn-\p-tijw P\n-®-h¿ amXta Dƒs∏-´n-cp-
∂p≈p F∂ Imcyw ]tXyIw it≤-b-am-Wv.
4:1˛3 kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-tØmSp _‘-s∏-´p≈ ipiq-
j-Iƒ Inbm-fl-Iamb \ne-bn¬ sNøp-hm≥ Ign-hp≈
tehy-cpsS FÆw \n›-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bm-bn-cp∂p
4˛mw A≤ym-b-Ønse IW-s°-Sp-∏v. ap∏-Xp-ap-X¬
A≥]Xp hb- p-hsc ]mb-ap≈ ]p-cp-j-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂p
Ch¿.
4:4- 20 ]pd. 25:15¬ ]d-bp-∂p, X≠p-Iƒ s] -I-Øns‚
hf-b-ß-fn¬ Ccn-t°-Ww, Ahsb AXn¬ \n∂pw Duc-
cpXv F∂m¬ ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿ X≠p sNep-tØWw F
∂v ChnsS 6˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ A`n-]m-b-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂
km[y-amb Hcp ]cn-lm-c-am¿§w ]d-bp-∂p. doen-s‚bpw,
sU-en-‰vkv°ns‚bpw `mjy-Øn¬ Npa-°p-hm-\p≈ A
Xns‚ X≠p-Iƒ Iao-I-cn-°pI(3) F∂v 6˛mw hmIysØ
hnh¿Ø\w sNøm-am-bn-cp∂p F∂p≈XmWv.
sIlm-Xy-cpsS Npa-X-e-I-fmWv BZy-ambn ]Xn-]m-
Zn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. (hm.4- 20). Xncp-\n-hm-khpw AXnse
hnip≤ D]-I-c-W-ßfpw ASp-°n-s°-´p∂ tPmen-bm-bn-
cp∂p Al-tcm\pw Ahs‚ ]pX-∑m¿°pw D≠m-bn-cp-
∂Xv (hm.5-˛13). s]´Iw (hm.5,6), ImgvN-b-∏-Øns‚ tai
(hm.7,8), \ne-hn-f°v (hm.9,10), kz¿Æ-]oTw (hm.11) D]-
I-c-W-߃ (hm.12) Xma-bm-K-]oTw (hm.13,14) F∂n-h-
bpsS ta¬ Xl-ip-tXm¬ sIm≠p≈ Hcp hncn hncn-°p-
am-bn-cp-∂p. C]-Imcw s]mXn-b-s∏´ hkvXp-°ƒ Npa-
∂p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip∂ tPmen-bm-bn-cp∂p sIlm-Øns‚
a‰p-]p-X-∑m¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv (Xm-a-sØm-´n-sb-°p-dn®p
ChnsS ]d-™n-´n-√, ]t£ Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah≥ AXpw
Npa-t°-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p). A\m-h-cWw sNø-s∏´ \ne-
bn¬ Cu D]-I-c-W-ß-fn¬ sXmSp-∂-Xn-t\m, AXns\
t\m°p-∂-Xnt\m t]meptam Ah¿°-\p-hm-Z-ap-≠m-bn-cp-
∂n-√. Aßs\ sNøp-∂-]£w Ah¿ acn-®p-t]m-Ip-am-
bn-cp-∂p. (hm.15,17-˛20). Xncp-\n-hm-k-Øn-s‚bpw AXnse
hnip≤ D]-I-c-W-ß-fp-sSbpw Npa-Xe Al-tcms‚ ]pX-
\mb Fe-bm-k-dn-\m-bn-cp∂p (hm.16).
AXn-]-cn-ip-≤-ÿ-e-Øn\pw hnip≤ ÿe-Øn\pw a-
t≤y-bp≈ Xnc-»oe ]pd-Øp-\n∂pw s]´Iw ImWm-Ø-
hn-[-Øn¬ AXns\ ad-®n-cp∂p (hm.5). bnkm-tb¬
bmX sNøp∂ Ah-k-c-Ønepw \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb
tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ Xncp-i-co-csØ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂
Cu Xnc-»o-e-sIm≠v s]´Iw aqSp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Im¬h-dn-
bn¬ Cu Xnc-»oe Ft∂-°p-ambn c≠m-bn-No-¥s∏-Sp-
∂-Xp-hsc s]´-I-Øn\p aosX-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ ssZh-knw-
lm-k-\sØ t\m°p-hm≥ alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-\-√msX
a‰m¿°pw Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
4:21˛28 Xncp-\n-hm-k-Øns‚ Xnc-»oe, kam-K-a-\-Iq-
Sm-cw, AXns‚ aqSp-hn-cn, ]mIm-c-Øns‚ ad-»oe F∂nh
Npa-t°-≠Xv sK¿tim\y-cm-bn-cp-∂p. sK¿tim-\y-cpsS
Npa-Xe Al-tcms‚ aI-\mb C∞m-am-dn-\m-bn-cp-∂p.
4:29˛33 ]e-I, A¥m-gw-, Xq¨, Nph-Sv, Ip‰n, Ib¿
apX-em-bh Npa-°p-hm≥ \nb-an-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂Xv sacmcy
IpSpw-_-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p.
4:34˛49 It\-jp-am-cn-°-W°v Xmsg-∏-dbpw ]Im-c-am-
bn-cp-∂p.
sIlm-Xy¿ 2750
sK¿tim-\y¿ 2630
sacm-cy¿ 3200
30-˛\pw 50-˛\pw CS-bn¬ ]mb-ap≈ tehy¿ BsI
8580
C. ip≤o-I-c-Whpw Ip‰-k-Ω-Xhpw (5:1˛10)
]mf-bØn¬ Aip≤n IS∂p IqSm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥
bnkm-tb-ey¿ FSp-t°≠ ap≥I-cp-X-ep-I-sf-°p-dn-®mWv
Cu mKØv kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. aq∂mw hmIy-Ønse
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 4,5
169
Iev]\-bv°p≈ ImcWw Bh. 23:14˛¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p.
]mf-b-Øns‚ at[y ssZhw \S-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
5:1˛4 kIe IpjvT-tcm-Kn-sbbpw kIe kh-°m-c-
s\-bpw, ih-Øm¬ Aip-≤-\m-b-h-s\bpw ]mf-b-Øn\p
]pd-Øm-t°-Ww. kam-K-a-\-Iq-Smcw ÿnXn sNøp∂
ÿe-hpw, bnkm-tb¬ IqSm-c-a-Sn-®n-cn-°p∂ ÿehpw
Iq´n-t®¿Øm-bn-cp∂p ]mfbw hn\y-kn-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂-Xv.
5:5˛10 Hcp ]pcp-jt\m kvXotbm as‰m-cp-h-s\-Xn-cmbn
]m]w sNbvXm¬ Ah-t\m, Ahtfm Ip‰w G‰p]d-bp-
Ibpw AIr-Xy-bm-K-h-gn-]mSv A¿∏n-°p-I-bpw, ]Xn-im-
¥n-°mbn apX-temSp A©n-sem∂p Iq´n ]Icw sImSp-
°p-Ibpw thW-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]Xn-im¥n e`n-∏-\p-≈-h≥
acn-®pt]mItbm ÿe-Øn-√m-Xn-cn-°tbm Ah\v ASpØ
Nm¿®-°m¿ C√msX hcn-Itbm sNbvXm¬ \jvS-]-cn-
lmcw ]ptcm-ln-X\p sImSp-°-W-am-bn-cp-∂p.
D. i¶ kw_-‘n-®p≈ \nbaw (5:11˛31)
5:11˛15 i¶-hn-NmcW F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ I≈w-I≠p
]nSn-°p∂ Hcp NS-ßn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv Cu mKØv ]Xn-
]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. `¿Øm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ Ahn-iz-kvXX
kw_-‘-ambn `¿Øm-hn-\m¬ kwi-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp
kvXobpsS \nc-]-cm-[nXzw As√-¶n¬ Ip‰w \n¿Æ-bn-
°pI F∂-XmWv Cu NS-ßns‚ Dt±-iyw. Xncp-\n-hm-k-
Øns‚ \nesØ s]mSn Ie-°nbsh≈w Cu kvXo
tbmSp IpSn-°p-hm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ahƒ Ip‰-
°m-cn-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah-fp-sS DZcw ho¿°p-Ibpw
\nXw_w £bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ hn[-Øn¬ Ahƒ°p
≈ Hcp im]w AXp sXfn-bn-°pw. Ahƒ \nc-]-cm-[n-bm-
bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, bmsXmcp tcmK-e-£-Whpw Ahsf
_m[n-°-bn-√. Xs‚ mcy Ahn-iz-kvX-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-
Imcyw `¿Øm-hn-\-dn-bn-√m-bn-cp∂p F∂Xv 12-˛14 hmIy-
ß-fn¬\n∂pw hy‡-am-Wv. Hcp t`P-\-bm-K-h-gn-]m-Smbn
`mcysb ]ptcm-ln-Xs‚ ASp-°¬ sIm≠p-h-cm-\m-bn-cp∂p
BZyw Ah-t\mSv Bh-iy-s∏-´n-cp-∂-Xv.
5:16˛31 Hcp a¨]m-X-Øn¬ s]mSn Ie-°nb sh≈w
]ptcm-ln-X≥ Xøm-dm-°p-∂p. AXn-\p-tijw Ahsf
btlm-h-bpsS k∂n-[n-bn¬ \n¿Øn, Xe-apSn Agn-®n´v
t`mP-\-bmKw AhfpsS Iøn¬ hbv°p-∂p. A\-¥cw
Xm≥ Ip‰-°m-cn-bm-Ip-∂p-sh-¶n¬ i]n-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈
Hcp im]-kXyw sNøp-hm≥ ]ptcm-ln-X≥ Ahsf kΩ-
Xn-∏n-°p-∂p. Cu im]-߃ Hcp ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-
bXv Ibv]p-sh-≈-Øn¬ IgpIn I-e-°n-b-tijw t`mP-
\-bmKw \ocm-P\w sNbvXp bmK-]o-T-Øn-t∑¬ A¿∏n-
°bpw AXn¬\n∂p Hcp ]nSn FSpØp bmK-]o-T-Øn-
t∑¬ \nth-Zy-ambn Zln-∏n-°bpw sNbvXn´v Cu sh≈w
kvXosb IpSn-∏n-°p-∂p. kvXosb B sh≈w IpSn-∏n-
t°Ww F∂p≈ 24-˛mw hmIy-Ønse ]kvXm-h\ 26-
˛mw hmIy-Ønepw Bh¿Øn-®n-cn-°p∂p, F∂m¬ Ahƒ
Hcp ]mhiyw amXsa sh≈w IpSn-°p-∂p-≈p. Ahƒ
Ip‰-°m-cn-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ h‘y-X-bpƒs∏-sS-bp≈
`oj-I-hn[n-Iƒ Ah-fp-sS-ta¬ hcp-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬
Ahƒ \nc-]-cm[nbm-Ip-∂p-sh-¶n¬ ip≤nbp≈h-fmbn
]Jym-]n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw in£-bn¬ \n∂pw kzX-¥-bm-
°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw K¿`w-[-cn®v Hcp km[m-cW IpSpw-_-Po-
hnXw \bn-°p-hm≥ Ign-hp-≈-h-fmbn Xocp-Ibpw sNøp-
am-bn-cp-∂p. 29-˛31 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-߃ i¶-kw-_-‘-
amb ]co-£-WsØ kwt£-]n-®p-sIm-≠p-≈-Xm-Wv.
\ymbo-I-cn-°-Ø-°-Im-c-W-߃ D≠m-bmepw Cs√-
¶nepw i¶bv°v Hcp hnhmlw C√m-Xm-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw.
Cu hnjbw F∂-t∂-°p-ambn ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈
Hcp am¿§-amWv Cu NS-ßp-sIm≠p e`y-am-Ip-∂-Xv. Ip‰-
°m-cn-bpsSta¬ ssZhn-I-\ym-b-hn[n hcn-Ibpw \nc-]-cm-
[n-bm-b-hƒ Xs‚ `¿Øm-hns‚ kwi-b-Øn¬ \n∂pw
kzX-¥-bm-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p. btlm-h-tbm-
Sp≈ Ahn-iz-kvXX kw_-‘-ambn bnkm-tb¬ cmjvSw
hnNm-cW sNø-s∏-Sp∂ hcpw-Im-eØv Cu thZ`m-K-Øn
\v Hcp ]tXyI D]-tbm-K-ap-≠m-Ip-sa-∂mWv thZ-]-Tn-Xm-
°-fn¬ Nne¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv.
E. \mko¿ hX-°m-cs\ kw_-‘n-®p≈ \nb-
a-߃ (A.6).
6:1˛8 th¿Xn-cn-°pI F∂ ASn-ÿm\ Bi-b-
Øn¬ \n∂p-amWv \mko¿ F∂ hm°v D≠m-bncn-°p-∂-
Xv. Hcp ]tXyI Ime-bf-hn¬ Hcp ]pcp-jt\m kvXo
tbm kza-\- mse FSp-°p∂ Hcp t\¿®-bm-bn-cp∂p
\mko¿ hXw. \mko¿hXw IqSn-bm¬ \qdp Znh-k-tØ-
°pw, F∂m¬ km[m-cW \ne-bn¬ ap∏Xp Znh-k-tØ-
°p-am-bn-cp∂p A\p-jvTn-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂-sX∂v anjv\
]dbp∂p. Npcp°w Nne kµ¿`ß-fn¬, Bfp-Iƒ Pohn-
X-Im-ew apgp-h≥ \mko¿ hX-°m-cm-bn-cn-°m-dp-≠v. DZm.
iap-th¬, inwtim≥, tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]I≥. Cu
t\¿®bv°p aq∂p hyh-ÿ-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. (1) ap¥n-
cn-∏-gw, DW-°-ap-¥n-cn, ho™v, aZyw, ho™ns‚ ImSn,
F∂nh Dƒs∏-Sp∂ ap¥n-cn-bpsS bmsXm-cp-hn[ A\p-`-
h-ßfpw £n-°p-hmt\m IpSn-°p-hmt\m ]mSn-√m-bn-cp∂p
(hm.2-˛4). (2) Xs‚ apSn IXn-°p-hm≥ ]mSn√ (hm.5),
(3) Hcp ih-i-co-c-Øns‚ ASp-°¬ t]mIp-hm≥ ]mSn√
(hm.6-˛8).
ho™v am\p-joI kt¥m-j-sØ-bmWv kq-Nn-∏n-°p-
∂-Xv. ]pcp-j\p e÷-bm-bn-cn-°p∂ \o≠ apSn Ah-am-\-
Øns‚ Hcp AS-bm-f-am-Wv. ih-i-cocw Aip-≤nbv°p Imc-
W-am-Ip-∂p.
Cu temI-Øns‚ a°ƒ°v \mko¿ hX-°m-c≥ Hcp
Zp¿K-l-kz`m-h-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p, Aß-s\-bm-Wp-Xm-\pw.
kt¥m-j-hm-\m-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ Ah≥ kt¥m-j-Øn¬
\n∂pw ]n≥hm-ßn, _e-hm≥ Bbn-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n
Ah≥ _e-lo-\-\mbn Xo¿∂p, Xs‚ Nm¿®-°msc
kvt\ln-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n Ah≥ Ahsc ]sI-®p. (eq-
s°m. 14:26) (4).
6:9˛12 \mko¿h-X-°m-c≥ a\x-]q¿∆-a-√msX Hcp ih-
i-coc kw_-‘-ambn Aip-≤-\mbn Xocp-Ibpw Aßs\
Xs‚ t\¿® ewLn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-hm≥ CS-bm-bm¬
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 5,6
170
sNtø≠ Imcy-I-a-ßsf Ipdn-®mWv Cu `mKØv hnh-
cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kwJy. 19-˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-
°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ NS-ß-\p-k-cn®v Ah≥ BZyw Ggp Znh-
k-°m-esØ ip≤o-I-cW ]In-b-bn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-I-
Ww. Ggmw Znhkw Ah≥ Xs‚ Xe £ucw sNøn®v
XpS¿∂p≈ Znhkw c≠p Ipdp-]m-hn-s\tbm c≠p
]mhn≥Ip-™n-s\tbm H∂ns\ ]m]-bm-K-ambpw a‰-Xns\
tlma-bm-K-ambpw A¿∏n-t°-Ww. AXp-t]mse Hcp-h-
b p ]mb-ap≈ Hcp B´n≥Ip-´nsb Ah≥ AIr-Xy-
bm-K-ambpw A¿∏n-t°-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu hgn-]m-Sp-
Iƒ Hs° A¿-∏n-®mepw Xs‚ \mko¿hXw Aip-≤-am-
b-Xp-sIm≠v apºn-esØ°mƒ X≈n-t∏m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p.
AXm-bXv Ah≥ BZyw apX¬ AXp XpS-ß-W-am-bn-cp-
∂p. Aip-≤-\m-°-s∏´ Hcp \mko¿h-X-°m-c\p ho≠pw
hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa-¶nepw, Xs‚ amen-
\y-Imew Ah\p \jvS-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. \tΩmSp≈
_‘-Øn¬ Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ, ]n∑m-‰-°m-c-\mb Hcp
hnizm-kn°v bYm-ÿm-\-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. ]t£
ssZhoI Iq´m-bva-hn´p Pohn® Ime-߃ hrYm-hm-bn-
t∏m-Ip-sa-∂mWv CXp-sIm-≠¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv.
6:13˛21 Hcp-hs‚ \mko¿h-X-Øns‚ Imew Xn-I-bp-
tºmƒ Ah≥ sNtø-≠p∂ NS-ßp-I-fmWv \ap-°n-hnsS
ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv. Ah≥ btlm-hbv°v \mep hgn-
]m-Sp-Iƒ A¿∏n-t°-≠-Xp≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tlma-bmKw, ]m]-
bm-Kw, kam-[m-\-bm-Kw, t`mP-\-bmKw (hm.14,15).
\mko¿h-X-°m-c≥ Xs‚ Xe £ucw sNbvXv, B Xe-
apSn kam-[m\-bm-K-Øn≥Io-gp≈ Xobn¬ C´p Zln-∏n-
°Ww (hm.18). Cu N-S-ßn¬ ]ptcm-ln-X≥ sNtø≠
Imcy-ß-fmWv 16,17,19,20 hmIy-ß-fn¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-
∂-Xv. Cu \mko¿h-X-°m-c≥ Xs‚ hXw ]q¿Øn-bm-
°p-∂-Xn-t\m-S-\-_-‘n-®p \S-Øp∂ Hcp kzta-[bm hgn-
]m-Sns\ Ipdn-®mWv 21-˛mw hmIyw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
6:22˛27 Al-tcm\pw Ahs‚ ]pX-∑mcpw P\-Øn-
\p \evtI≠ BI¿j-Ihpw kp]-cn-Nn-X-hp-amb A\p-
K-l-ß-fmWv 6˛mw A≤ym-b-Øns‚ Ah-km\ hmIy-
߃ \evIp-∂-Xv. ]kn≤ kphn-ti-j-I-\mb Un.-F¬.-
aqUn AXns\ hf-sc-b-[nIw ]iw-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
temI-Øn-seßpw IS∂p sN√p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xpw
Zcn-Zm-h-ÿ-bn-em-bn-Øo-cmsX F°m-eØpw kq£n-°p-
∂-Xp-amb Hcp A\p-Kl D]-kw-lm-c-amWv Chn-sS-bp-
≈-Xv. F√m lrZ-bhpw AXp D®-cn-°-s´. AXv ssZh-
Øns‚ samgn-bm-Wv. F√m ktµ-i-ßfpw Cu Bio¿hm-
Z-tØm-Sp-IqsS Ah-km-\n-°-s´. F√m Znh-khpw CXn-
\m¬ Bcw`n-°-s´. F√m cmXn-Ifpw CXn-\m¬ hnip-
≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-S-s´. \ΩpsS km[p Pohn-X-Øn¬ kz¿§ob-
k-t¥m-j-Øns‚ ]`m-X-߃ A`n-hr≤n ]I¿∂p \-evIn.
]Im-i-]q-cn-X-am-°n-Xo¿°p∂ Bio¿-∆mZw Chn-sS-bp-≠v.
kz¿§Øn-se FÆ-a‰ Km\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Cu Km\-i-
Iew sIm≠p-h-∂Xv I¿Ømhv Xs∂-bmWv (5).
F. ]`p-°-∑m-cpsS hgn-]m-Sp-Iƒ (A.7).
7:1˛9 kam-K-a-\-Iq-Smcw k÷o-I-cn-°-s∏´ ]pd.
40:17te°v Cu A≤ymbw \sΩ sIm≠p-t]m-I-bm-Wv.
bnkm-tb¬ aq∏-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂p hnhn[ tKmX-ß-fpsS X-
e-h-∑m¿. kwJy. 1:5˛16 hmIy-ß-fnepw 2˛mw A≤ym-b-
Ønepw Ch-cpsS t]cp-Iƒ \evI-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. Ah¿
BZyw-Xs∂ IqSp≈ Bdp h≠nbpw]¥≠p Imfbpw
(hm.3) btlm-hbv°p hgn-]mSmbn sIm≠p-h-c-Ww. kam-
K-a\ IqSm-c-Ønse D]-I-c-W-ß-fn¬ Ah-c-h-cpsS Hmlcn
hln-®p-sIm≠v t]mIp-hm≥ c≠p h≠n-Ifpw \mep Imf-
Ifpw sK¿tims‚ ]pX-∑m¿°pw \mep h≠n-Ifpw F-
´p-Im-f-Ifpw sacm-cy¿°pw tamsi sImSp-Øp. sIlm-
Xy¿°v h≠n-Itfm Imf-Itfm sImSp-Øn-√, ImcWw
hnip≤ D]-I-c-W-ß-fpsS hne-s∏´ `mcw Ah¿ tXmfn-
em-bn-cp∂p hln-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
7:10˛83 bmK-]o-T-Øns‚ ]Xn-jvT-bv°mbn tKmX ]`p-
°-∑m¿ Iam-\p-K-X-ambn ]¥≠p Znh-k-ß-fn¬ Xß-
fpsS hgn-]m-Sp-Iƒ btlm-h-bpsS k∂n-[n-bn¬ sIm≠p-
h-c-Ww. Cu hgn-]m-Sp-Iƒ Xmsg-∏-d-bpw ]Imcw hfsc
Npcp-°-ambn ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.
Znhkw˛ ]`p-hns‚ t]cv tKmXw hmIykqNnI
-
1. \l-tim≥ sblqZm hm.12-˛17
2. s\Y-\-tb¬ bn m-Jm¿ hm.18-˛23
3. Geo-bm_v sk_q-eq≥ hm. 24-˛29
4. Feo-kq¿ cqt_≥ hm.30-˛35
5. sieq-an-tb¬ ina-tbm≥ hm.36-˛41
6. Fen-bm-km^v KmZv hm.42-˛47
7. Fen-imam F^bow hm.48-˛53
8. Kamen-tb¬ a\s» hm.54-˛59
9. A_o-Zm≥ s_\ym-ao≥ hm. 60-˛65
10. Alo-tb-sk¿ Zm≥ hm.66-˛71
11. ]io-tb¬ Bti¿ hm.72-˛77
12. Aloc \ vXmen hm.78-˛83
7:84˛89 BsI e`n® hgn-]m-Sp-I-sf-°p-dn®v 84-˛88
hmIy-ß-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. ssZh-Øn-\p-th≠n
sNbvX Hcp ipiq-j-Ifpw A-h≥ ad-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂n-√.
Ah≥ hfsc kq£va-ambn AXns‚ tcJ-Iƒ kq£n-
°p-∂p. hgn-]m-Sp-I-fpsS kam-]-\-Øn-¶¬ tamsi AXn-
]-cn-ip-≤-ÿ-eØp ]th-in-®p. Ir]m-k-\-Øn-¶¬ \n∂p
Xt∂mSp kwkm-cn-°p∂ Xncp-i_vZw tI´p, Hcp-]t£
]`p-°-∑m-cpsS hgn-]m-Sp-I-fn-ep-≈ Xs‚ kwXr]vXn ]I-
Sn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p-≈-XmImw AXv (hm.89). tamsi tehn-
tKm-X-Øn-ep-≈-h-\m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw ]ptcm-ln-X-\m-bn-
cp-∂n-√. At∏mƒ Xs∂ Ahs‚ Imcy-Øn¬ ssZhw
Hcp hyXy-kvXX h®n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXv AXn-]-cn-ip-
≤-ÿ-eØp ]th-in-°p-∂-Xn\p Ahs\ A[n-Im-c-s∏-
Sp-Øn-s°m≠p amX-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂n-√, adn®v A]-
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 6,7
171
ImcwsNøp-hm≥ Ah-t\mSp Iev]n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p (]p-
d. 25:21,22).
D. kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-Ønse ipiq-j-Iƒ (A.8)
8:1˛4 Zo]-߃ \ne-hn-f-°ns‚ ap≥hi-tØmSp
shfn®w sImSp-°p∂ \ne-bn¬ thWw \ne-hn-f-°n¬
Zo]w sIm-fp-tØ-≠Xv F∂v Al-tcm\p \n¿t±iw e`n-
®n-cp-∂p. \ne-hn-f°v InkvXp-hn-s\-°p-dn®pw AXns‚
shfn®w ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ km£ysØ Ipdn-®p-amWv
kwkm-cn-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬, Aß-s\-bm-hp-tºmƒ, Bflm-
hns‚ ipiqj tbip-In-kvXp-hns\ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-
\p-≈-XmWv F∂-Xns‚ Hcp ⁄m]-I-am-Wn-Xv.
8:5 ˛13 tehy-cpsS ipNo-I-c-W-amWv ASp-Ø-Xmbn
]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. BZy-ambn ]m]-]-cn-lmc
Pew Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ Xfn-°p-Ibpw Ah¿ k¿∆mwKw
£ucw sNbvXv Ah-cpsS hkvXw A-e°n Xß-sf-
Øs∂ ip≤o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw (hm.7). (kw-Jy. 19-
˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ AXp hni-Zo-I-cn-°-s∏- n- p-≠v). kam-
K -a -\ -Iq -Sm -c -Øns‚ hmXn¬°¬h®v P\-Øns‚
]Xn\n[nI-fm-b-h¿ Xß-fpsS ssIIƒ tehy-cpsS Xe-
ta¬ hbv°p-Ibw Al-tcm≥ tehysc btlm-h-bp-sS
apºmsI \ocm-P-\-bm-K-ambn A¿∏n-°p-Ipbw sNøp-∂p.
tdma. 12:1,2 hmIy-ß-fmWv CXp \sΩ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂-
Xv. AhnsS C∂sØ hnizm-kn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS ico-c-ßsf
Poh-\p≈ bmK-am-bn ssZh-Øn\p ka¿∏n-t°-Ww
F∂mWv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn\p tijw tamsi Hcp
tlma-bm-Khpw ]m]-bm-Khpw A¿∏n-°p-∂p.
8:14˛22 ]pd-∏m-Sn-\p-tijw Xs‚ kz¥-ambn Ah-Im-
i-s∏-´n-cp∂ BZy-Pm-X∑m¿°p ]Icw tehysc X\n-
°mbn Xnc-s™-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂p ssZhw Bh
¿Øn®p ]kvXm-hn-°-bm-Wn-hn-sS. ]ptcm-ln-X-∑msc ip
iq-j-bn¬ klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n-bm-bn-cp∂p te-hy¿
\nb-an-°-s∏-´-Xv. Iev]-\-]-Im-c-ap≈ tehy-cpsS ip≤o-
I-cWw Ign-™-t∏mƒ, Ah-¿ kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-tØmSp
_‘-s∏-´p≈ ipiq-j-Iƒ sNøp-hm≥ Bcw`n®p.
8:23˛26 25 hb- p-ap-X¬ 50 hb- p-h-sc-bm-bn-cp∂p
tehy¿ kam-Km-a-\-Iq-Smc ipiq-j-Iƒ sNtø-≠n-bn-cp-
∂Xv (hm.24) ipiqj XpS-ßp-hm-\p≈ ]mbw ap∏Xp
hb v F∂mWv kwJy. 4:3 ¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu
`qan-bn¬IqSn kam-K-a\ IqSmcw Npa-∂p-sIm≠p t]mIp-
∂-h-cpsS ]mb-am-bn-´mWv 4˛mw A≤ym-b-Ønse hmIy-
kq-NnI Nne¿ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. kam-K-a-\-Iq-Smcw
hmKvZ-Ø-\m-´n¬ ÿm]n-®-Xn-\p-tijw AXn¬ ipiqj
sNøp-∂-h-cpsS ]mb-amWv 8˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ sImSp-
Øn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v Ah¿ a\- n-em-°p-∂p. IqSp-X-em-bp≈
A©p-h¿jw Hcp ]cn-io-e\ Ime-L-´-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-
∂mWv a‰p-Nn-e-cpsS A`n-]m-bw. AºXmw hb- n¬ hnc-
an-°p-∂-h¿°v mc-ap≈ tPmen-Iƒ sNtø-≠-Xn-√m-bn-cp-
∂p. F¶nepw Nne Imcy-ß-fn¬ ta¬t\m´w hln-°p-
∂Xp XpS-cp-hm≥ Ahsc A\p-h-Zn-®n-cp∂p (hm. 25,26).
thebpw ipiq-j-bpw˛ AXm-bXv Imcyw t\m°p-∂-Xn¬
klm-bn-°p-∂-Xpw˛ XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw FSp-Øp-Im-
Wn-°p-∂p. BZy-tØXv `mcn® tPmen-bm-Wv. c≠m-a-
tØXv ta¬t\m-´-am-Wv.
`qan-bn¬ bmsXm-cp-hn[ kzØpw C√msX hos≠-Sp-
°-s∏-´-hcpw hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-´-h-cp-ambn I¿Øm-hns\
tkhn-∏m≥ th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏´ InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS ]Xn-cq-
]-amWv tehy¿ F∂ Btcm H-cmƒ kqNn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v.
H. s]k-l, taLw, sh≈n-°m-l-f-߃
(9:1˛10:10)
9:1- 14 1˛mw A-≤ym-b-Ønse kw -h-ßsf ap≥\n¿Øn-
s°m-≠p-≈-Xm-bn-cp∂p s]kl BNcW-Øn-\p≈
ssZh-Øns‚ \n¿t±-i-߃ (hm.1-˛2). kwJym-]p-kvX-I-
Ønse F√m kw`-h-ßfpw Imem-\p-I-a-am-bp-≈X-√.
s]kl BNcn-®n-cp-∂Xv H∂mw-amkw]Xn-\memw Xob-
Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. a\p-jys‚ ih-Øm¬ BNmc]Imcw
Aip-≤-cm-b-h¿°pw (H-cp-]t£ a\x-]q¿∆-a√m-sX) Zqc-
bm-X-bn¬ Bbn-cn-°p-∂-h¿°pw Hcp amk-Øn-\p-tijw
AXm-bXv c≠mw amkw ]Xn-\memw XobXn s]kl
BN-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]tXyI Icp-X¬ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ Hcp-
°-s∏-´n-´p-≠m-bn-cp∂p (hm. 6˛12). F∂m¬ Bsc-¶nepw
s]kl BN-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ hogvN hcp-Øn-bm¬ Ahs\
P\-Øn-s‚-bn-S-bn¬ \n∂pw tOZn®p I-f-bp-am-bn-cp∂p
(hm.13). ]c-tZ-in-bmb Hcp-h≥ (Pm-Xn) btlm-h-bpsS
s]kl BN-cn-°p-hm-≥ B-K-ln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah\v
AXn-\p≈ A\p-hm-Z-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p, F∂m-¬ blq-Zs‚
N´-]-Imcw amXta AXp km[y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p≈p
(hm.14).
9:15˛23 XpS¿∂p≈ A≤ym-b-ßsf Dt±-in-®p-sIm-
≠p≈XmWv Cu hmIy-߃. ]I¬ taLkv-Xw-`-ambpw
cmXn-bn¬ A·n ]Im-i-ambpw ImW-s∏´ Xnc-\n-hm-k-
sØ aqSn-bn-cp∂ ssZh-tX-P- ns\ Ipdn-®mWv Cu hmIy-
߃ hni-Z-am-°p-∂-Xv. taLw kam-K-a\ Iq-Smc-Øn-t∑¬
\n∂p s]mßp-tºmƒ, bnkm-tb¬ a°ƒ Xß-fpsS IqSm-
c-߃ s]mfn®v ]mf-b-Øn¬ \n∂pw bmX ]pd-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw taLw \nev°p-∂n-SØv Ah¿ ]mf-b-an-d-ßp-Ibpw
sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Xo¿®-bmbpw ssZhw Xs‚ P\sØ
\bn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-≈-Xns‚ Hcp AS-bm-f-am-bn-cp∂p Cu
taLw. AXp-t]mse ]Xy-£-ambn C∂v I¿Ømhv \sΩ
\bn-°p-∂n-s√-¶n-epw \mw ImgvN-bme√ hnizm-k-Øm-
emWv \S-°p-∂Xv F∂-Xp-sIm≠v B XXzw Ct∏mgpw
]_-e-am-Wv. I¿Ømhv t]cn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ amXw t]mIp-
I, AXn-\p-apºv t]mI-cp-Xv, ImcWw ssZhsØ A\p-
k-cn-°msX t]mbm¬ Ccp-´n-te°pw F∂m¬ A\p-k-
cn®v \n∂m¬ shfn-®-Ønepw Bbncn°pw
10:1˛10 sh≈n-sIm≠p c≠p Im-l-f-߃ D≠m-°p-
hm≥ tamsibv°p \n¿t±iw e`n-®p. (a) kam-K-a\ IqSm-
c-Øns‚ hmXn¬°¬ P\sØ hnfn-®p-Iq-´p-hm\pw (hm.
3,7) (b) bmX ]pd-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ kq-N\ \evIp-∂-Xn\pw
(c) kl-km-[n-]-∑m-cmb ]`p-°-∑msc hnfn®p Iq´p-
hm\pw (C-Xn-\mbn Hcp Imlfw amXsa D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-
∂p-≈p) (hm.4) (d) bp≤-k-a-bØv Kw`o-c-[z-\n-bmbn DuXp-
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 8,9,10
172
hm\pw (hm.9). D’-h-Zn-h-k-߃ t]mse-bp-≈ ]tXyI
Znh-k-߃ Adn-bn-°p-hm\pw (hm.10) th≠n-bm-bn-cp∂p
Ah D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.
hyXy-kvX-ß-fmb Cu Dt±-iy -߃°p-th≠n
]tXyIw ]tXy-I-am-bp≈ i_vZ-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p Imlf-
ß-fn¬ apg-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. 5˛mw hmIy-Ønse Kw`o-c-[z-\n
bmX ]pd-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ kqN-\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kam-K-a-\-
Iq-Sm-c-Øn\p Ing-°p-`m-K-Øp≈ tKmX-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p
BZyw bmX ]pd-s∏-tS-≠n-bn-cp-∂Xv. sX°p `mK-Øp-
≈-h¿ bmX ]pd-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ AS-bm-f-am-bn-´m-bn-cp∂p
c≠m-asØ Kw`o-c-[z-\n,. Dul-]-Imcw CtX Ia-Øn¬
hS°pw ]Sn™m-dp-ap-≈-h¿ bmX]pd-s∏- n-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww.
Cu Iml-f-߃ acp-`q-bm-X-bn¬ amXw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-
hm-\p-≈-Xm-bncp-∂n-√, adn-®v hmKvZ-Ø tZiØpw Ch D]-
tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p(-hm.9). ""\nß-fpsS tZiØv'' F∂p≈ -
hm-°p-Iƒ i≤n-°p-I. ssZhw A_-lm-an-t\mSv sNbvX
hmKvZØw \nh¿Øn°pw Ahs‚ Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°v Hcp
tZiw Ah-Im-i-ambn \evI-s∏-Spw. ]t£ Ah-cpsS A\p-
k-c-W-t°Spw Ahn-izm-khpw \nanØw AXn¬ ]th-
in-°p-∂-Xn\p \mev]Xp h¿j-°m-esØ Xmakw t\cn-
Spw.
II. ko\m-bn-bn¬\n∂pw tamhm_v ka`q-
an-bn-te°v (10:11˛22:1)
A. ko\mbv acp-`q-an-bn¬\n-∂p≈ ]pd-∏mSv
(10:11˛36)
10:11 Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn\p ¢n]vX-amb Hcp hn`P\w
\evIp-I-bmWv 11-˛-mw hmIyw. P\w CXp-hsc ko\mbn
]¿∆-X-Øn-¶¬ ]mf-b-an-d-ßn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ko\m-
bn ]¿∆Xw apX¬ hmKvZ-Ø-tZ-i-tØm-Sp sXm´p-In-S-
°p∂ ÿe-amb tamhm_v ka`q-an-h-sc-bp≈ bmXm-hn-
h-cWw 11 apX¬ 22:1 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬ ImW-s∏-
Sp-∂p. GI-tZiw \mev]Xp kwh-’cw sIm≠m-bn-cp∂p
Cu bmX Xo¿∂-Xv. c≠m-asØ s]k-lm BNcWw
apX¬ 20-˛mw XobXn hsc Ah¿ bmX ]pd-s∏-´n-cp-∂n√
(kw-Jy. 9:10,11 t\m°p-I).
10:12,13 bmX-bpsS BZy-L´w ko\mbn ]¿∆Xw
apX¬ ]mcm≥ acp-`q-an- h-sc-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Cu
acp-`q-an-bn¬ FØp-∂-Xn\p apºmbn Ah¿ aq∂p ÿe-
ß-fn¬ ]mf-b-an-d-ßn-bn-cp∂p˛X-t_-cm, Int_mØv l´m-
h, ltk-tcm-Øv. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ kwJy. 12:16emWv Ah¿
]mcm≥ acp`q-an-bn¬ FØn-t®¿∂Xv.
10:14˛28 tKmX-߃ bmX sNøp-∂-Xns‚ Ia-amWv
ASp-Ø-Xmbn \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Hmtcm tKmX-Øn-
s‚bpw tk\m-]Xn AXns‚ apºn-em-bn-cp-∂p bmX,
F∂m¬ AXn¬ Hcp hyXym-k-ap-≠v. 2:17¬ tehy¿
KmZn\p ]nºn-embpw F^-bo-an\p apºn-embpw bmX
sNbvXp F∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-tºmƒ, 10:17¬ sK¿tim-
\y-cpw, sacm-cycpw sk_q-ep-\p-ti-jhpw sIlm-Xy¿
KmZn\p tijhpw bmX sNbvX-Xm-bn-´mWv ImW-s∏-Sp-
∂-Xv. sIlm-Xy¿ hnip≤ D]-I-c-W-ß-fp-ambn FØp-
tºm-tg-°pw, ]mf-b-an-d-ßp∂ ASpØ ÿeØp Xncp-
\n-hmkw Iao-I-cn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ sK¿tim-\ycpw sacn-cycpw
Ahsc Gev]n-®n-cn-°p∂ kma-Kn-I-fp-ambn G‰hpw
apºn¬ bmX sNtø≠-Xp-≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂ Imcyw
hy‡-am-Wv.
10:29˛32 tamsi-bpsS `mcym ktlm-Z-c≥ (A-fn-b≥)
Bbn-cp∂p tlm_m-_v. dKp-th¬ (d-bq-th¬, bntXm
F∂o t]cp-I-fnepw Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p). tlm_m-_ns‚
]nXm-hm-bn-cp-∂p, At∏mƒXs∂ tamsi-bpsS A-Ωm-b-
∏\pw Bbn-cp-∂p. anZym-\y-\m-bn-cp∂ tlm_m-_n\p acp-
`qan kp]-cn-Nn-X-am-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ km[yX-bp-≠v. Hcp-]t£
AXp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn°pw \o R߃°p IÆm-bn-cn°pw
F∂p ]d™p tamsi, bnkm-tb-ens\ A\p-K-an-t°-
≠-Xn\p Ahs\ £Wn-®-Xv. Cu £Ww tamsi-bpsS
hnizm-k-°p-d-hn-s\-bmWv ImWn-°p-∂-sX∂v thZ-]p-
kvXI hymJym-Xm-°-fn¬ ]ecpw hniz-kn-°p-∂p.
ImcWw Xs‚ P\sØ \bn-°p-sa∂v ssZhw ap∂sa
hmKvZØw sNbvXn-´p-≠v.
I¿´vkn-t‚-XmWv as‰mcp ho£-Ww. Xm≥ A`n-]m-
b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
kzoI-cn-°-s∏-tS≠ ][m\ bmXm-am¿§w, ]mf-b-a-
Sn-t°-≠p∂ ÿew, Hmtcm ÿeØpw Xma-kn-t°-≠p∂
Ime-b-f-hv F∂nh \n¿Æ-bn-®n-cp-∂Xv taL-kvXw- am-bn-
cp-∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw sh≈w, ta®n¬ÿ-ew, \nhmk-
ÿm-\w, C‘-\-e- yX F∂o kml-Ncy-ß-sf√mw HØn-
W-ßnb ÿm\Øp ]mfbw Iao-I-cn-°p-∂Xp kw_-
‘n-®p≈ a\p-jys‚ ]mtbm-KnI ⁄m\w bmsXmcp
hn[-Ønepw X≈n-°-f-bm-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. taL-Øns‚ am¿§-
\n¿t±i-Øn-\-\p-_-‘-ambn Cu Imcy-ß-fn-se-√m-ap≈
tlm_m-_ns‚ ]cn-N-bhpw, acp-`q-an-sb-°p-dn-®p≈
Adnhpw hf-sc-b-[nIw klm-b-I-am-bn-cn°pw (6).
10:33,34 hnip-≤-ÿ-e-sØbpw AXn-]-cn-ip-≤-ÿ-e-
sØbpw XΩn¬ th¿Xn-cn-°p∂ Xnc-»o-e-bn¬ s]mXn
™ \nb-a-s∏-´Iw (kw-Jy. 4:5) bmXm kwL-Øns‚
G‰hpw apºn¬ sIlm-Xy¿ hln-®n-cp-∂p. ko\mbn ]¿∆-
X-Øn-¶¬\n∂w ImtZiv _¿∂-bn¬ FØp-hm≥ aq∂p
Znh-k-sa-Sp-Øp. btlmh Ah¿°p-th≠n Hcp hnim-a-
ÿew At\z-jn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ taL-kvXw`w P\-
Øn\p aosXXW-embn \n∂p.
10:35,36 bYm¿∞-Øn¬ tlm_m_v bnkm-tb-eysc
A\p-K-an®pthm C√tbm F∂v ChnsS ]d-b-s∏-´n-´n-√.
bn-kmtb-ey-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Xs‚ Xe-ap-d-Iƒ ImW-
s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ah≥ Ah-tcm-sSm∏w D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-
sh-∂mWv \ymb. 1:16, 4:11 F∂o hmIy-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw
a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. s]´Iw bmX ]pd-s∏-Sp∂ Ah-k-c-
ß-fn¬ tamsi ]`m-X-Øn¬ btlm-h-tbmSp hnP-b-Øn-
\mbn hnfn-®-t]-£n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-t]mse Xs∂
AXp hni-an-°p-tºmƒ btlmh bnkm-tb¬ P\-
Øns‚ ASp-°¬ aS-ßn-h-tc-≠-Xn\pw Ah≥ ]m¿∞n-
°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 10,11
173
B. ]mf-b-Ønse ]ndp-]n-dp∏v (A.11)
11:1˛3 ssZhw kI-ehpw X߃°p-th≠n sNbvXp
Ign-™-t∏mgpw ssZh-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn ]ndp-]n-dp-°p-hm-
\p≈ P\-Øns‚ k∂-≤X hmb-\°m-cs\ A¤pX-s∏-
Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXr-]vXn-bpsS Hcp kqN\ 1˛mw hmIy-
Øn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. ]mf-b-Øns‚ A‰-ß-fn-ep-≈-
hsc Zln-∏n-®p-I-f™p. AXr-]vXn-bp-≈-h¿ s]´-I-
Øn¬\n∂pw Zqsc-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ssZh-Øn-¶¬ \n∂p≈
Xo ]mf-b-Øns‚ A‰ß-fn-ep-≈-hsc Zln-∏n-®p-I-f™
Cu ÿe-Øn\p Xt_cm (B-fn-°-ج) F∂p t]cm-
bn. ]ndp-]n-dp-∏p-Im-cn¬ Nn-esc Xo Zln-∏n-®p-I-f-™p-sh-
∂mWv KJV bnepw NKJV bnepw \mw hmbn-°p-∂-Xv.
F∂m¬ ]mf-b-Øns‚ Gdn-b-`m-Khpw Xo ]q¿Æ-ambpw
hngp-ßn-°-f™p F∂mWv ASV amXw ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xv.
GXp hn[-Øn-embmepw samØ-Øn-ep≈ Hcp \ymb-hn[n
hfsc Kpcp-X-c-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p Icp-W-tbm-Sp-IqSn CXn-
\m¬ P\-Øn\p ap∂-dn-bn∏p \evIp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
11:4˛9 c≠m-asØ ]ndp-]n-dp∏v \S-∂Xv ]mf-b-Øns‚
\Sp-hn-em-bn-´m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Cu ]mhiyw kΩn-i-
Pm-Xn-Iƒ AYhm ]mIr-X-a-\p-jy≥ F∂ ]I-S-\-Øn-
em-Wv. ]ndp-]n-dp-∏ns‚ ImcWw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Ahn-
izm-kn-I-fmb Nne¿ bnkm-tb-ey-tcm-sSm∏w ank-bn-an¬
\n∂p ]pd-s∏´p t]m∂n-cp-∂p. Cu kΩn-i-PmXn bnkm-
tb-ens‚ \nc-¥-c-am-bp≈ ZpxJ-Øn\p Imc-W-ambn Xocp-
I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS \ockw bnkm-tb-ey-cn-te°v
]S¿∂-Xn-\m¬ ank-bo-anse Blmcw hfsc sImXn-
tbm-Sp-IqSn BK-ln-°p-Ibpw a∂msb \nµn-°bpw
sNbvXp. CXp kw_-‘n-®p≈ ssZhoI mjy-Øn-\mbn
k¶o. 78:17-˛33 hmIy-߃ t\m°p-I.
Db-c-Ønse a∂-sIm≠v tbip t]mjn-∏n-°p∂
Bflm-°ƒ FX hnNn-X-amWv
Xß-fpsS Zpjv]-hr-Øn-IƒsIm≠v Ah¿ Ahs\
ZpxJn-∏n-°p∂p
Ahs‚ kvt\l-Øn\p ]I-c-ambn ]m]hpw
sNøp∂p.
F∂m¬ Ah¿ \ntj-[n-Iƒ Bbn-cn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂
Ah¿ Bcn¬ \n∂pw hgn-sX-‰n-t∏mtbm
Ah≥ Ahsc kln®p Ah-cpsS ]m]-߃ Igp-In-
°-f™p
F∂p≈ Imcyw Hcp alm-¤p-X-am-Wv.
11:10˛15 Cu P\sØ apgp-h≥ kwc-£n-°p-hm-\p≈
Xs‚ Ign-hn-√mbva IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v tamsi
BZyw btlm-h-tbmSp \ne-hn-fn-®p. CXbpw P\-Øn\p
amwkw \evIp∂ Imcyw Xo¿Øpw Akm-[y-am-sW-∂mWv
Xm≥ ]n∂o-Sp hnh-cn-®-Xv. AØcw ]iv\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw
c£-s]-Sp-∂-Xn\p th≠n Ah-km\w Xm≥ acWw Bh-
iy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
11:16,17 P\-Øns‚ `mcw hln-t°-≠-Xn\v tami-tbm-
Sp-IqsS Fgp-]Xp aq∏-∑msc \nb-an-®p-sIm-≠p-≈-Xm-bn-
cp∂p btlmh-bpsS adp-]-Sn. tamsi-tbmSp≈ _‘-
Øn¬ ssZh-Øn\p sNøm-hp-∂-Xn¬h®v G‰hpw \√
Imcyw CXm-bn-cp-∂pthm F∂v thZ-]p-kvXI ]Tn-Xm-°ƒ
]ecpw tNmZn-°m-dp-≠v. ssZhw Iev]n-°p-∂-sX¥pw
sNøp-hm-\p≈ i‡nbpw Xm≥ \evIp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v, Xs‚
DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-߃ sh´n-®p-cp-°p-∂-Xn-eq-sS, ssZhw
]m]vX-\m-°p∂ B Ah-ÿbv°p Ipdhp hcp-∂-Xmbn
tamsibv°pw A\p- h-s∏Spw F∂p-≈-XmWv Ah¿ D∂-
bn-°p∂ ImcWw (7). Xs‚ AΩm-b-∏s‚ D]-tZ-i-]-
Imcw tamsi apºp P\-ß-fp-sS-ta¬ A[n-Im-cn-I-fmbn
]pcp-j-∑msc B°n-h-®n-cp∂p (]p-d. 18:25; Bh. 1:9˛15).
Hcp-]t£ Ct∏mƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ Fgp-]-Xp-t]¿
Bflo-b-Im-cy-߃ kw_-‘n-®p≈ `mc-߃ h-ln-°p-
∂-Xn-\m-bn-cn°mw \nb-an-°-s∏- -Xv. sshb-‡n-I-amb Cu
c≠p \nb-a-\-߃ XΩn¬ Bi-b°p-g-∏-ap-≠m-I-cp-Xv.
11:18˛23 P\-Øns‚ BK-l-a-\p-k-cn®v Ah¿°p
Xn∑m≥ [mcfw Cd®n Ah≥ Ab-bv°pw. Hcp-amkw
apgp-h≥ Ah¿ XpS¿®-bmbn Cd-®n-Xn-∂pw. B kw`-h-
Øns‚ km[y-X-sb-°p-dn®v tamsi AhnsS tNmZyw
sNøp-∂p-≠v. F∂m¬ AXv Ah-cpsS Acn-In¬ Xs∂-
sIm-≠p-h-cpw F∂p btlmh Acp-fn-s®-bvXp. ko\mbn
]¿∆-Øn-¶-te-°p≈ bm-X-bn¬ A¤p-X-I-c-ambn ssZhw
Ah¿°p Cd®n \evIn-bn- p≠v (]p-d. 16:13). AXv Hm¿Ø-
Xp-sIm-≠m-hWw ssZh-Øns‚ Ign-hns\ tamsi tNmZyw
sNbvXn√ . kml-N-cy-߃ \ap°p apºn¬ AS-b-s∏-Sp-
tºmƒ ssZh-Øns‚ Ign-™-Ime Imcp-Wy-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ
FX-s]-s´-∂mWv \mw ad-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xv!.
11:24˛30 Fgp-]Xp aq∏-∑msc HutZym-Kn-I-ambn \nb-
an-®-t∏mƒ btlm-h-bpsS Bflmhv A-h-cp-sS-ta¬ h∂p,
Ah¿ ]h-Nn-®p, AXm-bXv Ah¿ t\cn´p ssZhoI shfn-
∏m-Sp-Iƒ kwkm-cn-®p. Ah-cn-¬ c≠p-t]¿ ]mf-b-Øn-em-
bn-cp-∂p, Ahcpw ]h-Nn-®p. Cu A¤pXw tamsi-bpsS
t\Xr-Xz-Øn\p Hcp oj-Wn-bm-Ip-sa∂p ]Xy-£-Øn¬
Nn¥n® tbmiph Ahsc hntcm-[n°p-∂-Xn\p tamsi-
tbmSp Bh-iy-s∏-´p. F∂m¬ 29-˛mwhmIy-Ønse Xs‚
tijvT-amb adp-]-Sn-bn-eqsS tamsi Xs‚ Bflm-hns‚
hnim-eX ImWn-°p-Ibm-bn-cp-∂p.
11:31˛35 ImS-∏£n Iq´-ambn btlm-h-bpsS hmKvZØ
Cd®n Ah-cp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ h∂p. ImS-∏-£n-Iƒ \ne-Øp-
\n∂p GI-tZiw c≠p-apgw AI∂p ]d∂p \n∂p-sh-
t∂m, \neØp GI-tZiw c≠p apg-tØmfw A´n-bmbn
Ah Ipan-™p-Iq-Sn-sbt∂m 31- mw hmIywsIm≠v A¿∞-
am-°mw. c≠ma-tØXpw Akm-[y-amb Imcy-a-√. tZim-
S\w sIm≠v Xf¿∂ ImS-∏-£n-Iƒ Hcp I∏-en¬ Cd-
ßn-bn´Xns\ ap°n-°-f-bp-hm≥ amXw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v
tI´n-´p≠v (8). Cd®n k¬°mcw \S-Øm≥ P\-߃
t]mb-t∏mƒ Xs∂ Ah-cn¬ At\-I¿ alm-_m-[-bn¬
kwl-cn-°-s∏-´p. B ÿe-Øn\v Int_mØv ˛l-´mh
(Zp-cm-K-ln-I-fpsS ivaim-\w) F∂p t]cm-bn-, ImcWw
P\-ß-fpsS sImXn Ahsc Ipgn-am-S-Øn-se-Øn-®p. ASp-
Ø-Xmbn ]mf-b-a -Sn -°p∂ ÿew ltk-tcmØv
BsW∂v ChnsS tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v (hm.35).
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 11,12
174
C. Al-tcms‚bpw ancym-an-s‚bpw ]ndp-]n-dp∏v
(A.12)
12:1,2 bnkm-tb-ens‚ Ncn-X-Ønse ZpxJ-I-c-amb
ASpØ A≤ymbw P\-ß-fpsS am¿§Z¿i-I-cmb Al-
tcm≥, ancymw F∂n-hsc kw_-‘n-®p≈XmWv. Ah¿
tamsi-bpsS ktlm-Zcn ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿ Bbn-cp-∂psh-
¶nepw tamsi Hcp Iqiy-kvXosb hnhmlw sNbvX-Xn-
t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Ah-s\-Xn-cmbn ]ndp-]n-dp-Øp.
bYm¿∞ kwKXn ad-®ph-®p-sIm-≠p≈ Ah-cpsS hni-
Zo-I-cWw Gsd-°psd AXm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ bYm¿∞
ImcWw 2˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ ]Xn-]mZn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ hnj-
b-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂p thWw Icp-Xp-hm≥. Ah¿ tamsi-
bpsS t\Xr-Xz-tØmSp \ockw ImWn-°p-Ibpw AXp
]¶p hbv°p-hm≥ Xmev]-cy-s∏-Sp-I-bpw-sN-bvXp˛ AXm-
bXv AXn-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Ah¿ A-kq-bm-ep-°-
fm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp Iqiy-kvXosb hnhmlw sNøp-∂-Xn-
s\-Xn-cm-bp≈ Hcp \nbaw B ka-bØv \ne-hn-ep-≠m-
bn-cp-∂n√. ]t£ hmKvZ-Ø-tZ-iØv FØn-b-tijw blq-
Z-c-√m-Ø-hsc hnhm-lw sNøp-∂Xp bnkm-tb-en\p \njn-
≤-am-bn-cp-∂p.
12:3 tamsi kzbw \o-Xo-I-cn-°p-hm-≥ ian-°msX
Xs∂ t\Xr-ÿm-\-Øm-°n-h® ssZh-Øn¬ Bi-bn-°p-
I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Xs‚ IpSpw_-Øn-ep-≈-h¿ (A.12),
]am-Wn-Iƒ (A.16), IqSmsX BXy-¥n-I-ambn k` apgp-
h\pw (16:41,42) tamsi-bpsS A[n-Im-csØ tNmZyw
sNbvXp. F∂m¬ Xs‚ ]Xn-tbm-Kn-I-fpsS ta¬ btlm-
h-bpsS \ymb-hn[n h∂-t∏mƒ tamsi Ah-cpsS \mi-
Øn¬ kt¥m-jn-°p-I-b√ sNbvXXv. t\tc-a-dn®v
Ah¿°p-th≠n a≤y-ÿ-X-b-W-®p. Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah≥
`qX-e-Øn-ep≈ kIe a\pjy-cn-epw-h®v AXn-ku-ay-\m-
bn-cp-∂p. Xs∂-°p-dn®v Xm≥ Xs∂ Cu hkvXpX
FgpXn F∂Xv Xs‚ kuay-Xsb \ntj-[n-°p-I-bn-√.
t\sc-a-dn®v 2]-sXm. 1:21bbn¬ Xm≥ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-
\m-¬ \nb-¥n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh∂v Fgp-Xn-b-Xns\ AXv hni-
Zo-I-cn-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂Xv (9).
12:4˛8 btlm-h-bmb ssZhw Al-tcm-s\bpw ancym-
an-s\bpw tamsi-tbm-sSm∏w kam-K-a-\-Iq-Smc hmXn¬
°¬ hnfn-®p. F∂n-´v, tamsibv°v ]hm-N-I-∑m-cn¬
a‰m¿°pw Hcn°epw e`n-°m-Ø, ssZh-tØmSp hf-sc-b-
Sp-Øp≈ Hcp ]Z-hn-bp-s≠∂v Al-tcm-s\bpw ancym-an-
s\bpw Hm¿∏n-®p-sIm≠v Ahsc imkn-®p. a‰p ]hm-N-
I-∑m-tcmSv Ah≥ Z¿i-\-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw kz]v\-ß-fn-eq-
sSbpw ad-s]m-cp-fm-bn´p kwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ tamsi-tbm-
Sm-Is´ Ah≥ t\cn´v A`n-ap-J-ambn kwkm-cn®p. (8-˛mw
hmIy-Øn¬ kv]jvS-ambn F∂p sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂
hm°n-s‚b¿∞w t\cn´v F∂m-Wv, AXm-bXv CS-\n-e-
°m-c-\n-√m-sX). btlm-h-bpsS cq]w F∂-Xp-sIm-≠¿∞-
am-°p-∂Xv Nne ]Xy-£-X-Ifpw ]I-S-amb Nne ]mXn-
\n-[y-hp-am-Wv. ancymw Hcp ]hm-N-In-bm-bn-cp-∂n´pw (]p-d.
15:20) a‰p ]hm-N-I-∑m-cn¬ \n∂pw-hy-Xy-kvX-ambn tamsi-
tbm-Sp≈ Xs‚ _‘w ssZhw hy‡-am-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-
I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu kw`-h-Øn-\p-tijw ancym-an-s\-°p-
dn®p tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂ GI-kw-KXn Ah-fpsS ac-
W-amWv (kw-Jy. 20:1).
12:9,10 btlmh Ah-tcmSp tIm]n-®p, Ahsc hn´p
ad-™p. ]ndp-]n-dp-∏ns‚ in£-sb-t∂m-Ww ancymw IpjvT-
tcm-K-Øm¬ ]oUn-∏n-°-s∏-´p. Al-tcm≥ in£n-°-s∏-
Sm-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠v, ancymw Bbn-cp∂p B el-fbv°p
t\XrXzw \evIn-b-sX-∂mWv Nne-cpsS A`n-]m-bw. 1˛mw
hmIy-Ønse Inbm-]Zw kvXoenwK GI-h-N-\-am-sW-
∂p-≈-XmWv AXn-\m-[m-c-ambn Ah¿ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-
∂-Xv. Xs‚ ktlm-Zcn Hcp IpjvT-tcm-Kn-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xp
ImWp-I-sb-∂-XmWv Al-tcm\p e`n® in£-sb∂p a‰p
Nne¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Al-tcm≥ alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-\m-
bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v IpjvT-tcm-Kn-bm-°-s∏-´m¬ P\-
Øn\pth≠n ipiqj sNbvhm≥ Ah\p Ign-I-bn-√m-
bn-cp-∂p. ancymw A\p`hn-t°-≠n-h∂ am\-lm\n X\n-
°p-≠m-ImsX Xs∂ c£n-®Xv Xs‚ ]Z-hn-bm-bn-cp-∂n-
cn-°-Ww.
12:11˛16 Al-tcm≥ tamsi-tbmSp Xs‚ ]m]w G‰p-
]-d™p A\p-X-]n-®p, AΩ-bpsS K¿`-Øn¬\n∂p ]pd-
s∏-Sp-tºmƒ amwkw ]IpXn Agp-In-bn-cn-°p∂ Nm]n-≈-
sb-t∏mse (10). ancym-ans\ B°-cptX F∂v At]-£n-
®p. tamsi-bpsS a≤y-ÿ-X-bv°p≈ adp-]-Sn-bmbn ssZhw
ancym-ans‚ IpjvT-tcm-Kw kuJy-am°n, F∂m¬ Hcp
IpjvS-tcm-Kn-bpsS ip≤o-I-c-W-Im-e-amb Ggp-Zn-hkw
Ahƒ Aip-≤-bmbn XpS-tcWw F∂p \n¿t±-in-®p. Ah-
fpsS A∏≥ Ah-fpsS apJØp Xp∏n-sb-¶n¬ Ahƒ
Aip-≤-bmbn Ggp-Zn-hkw ]mf-b-Øn\p ]pdØp hkn-
t°-≠n-h-cn-I-bn-√tbm F∂v btlm-h-bmb ssZhw
tamsisb Hm¿Ωn-∏n-®p.
D. hmKvZ-Ø-tZiw D‰p-t\m-°p-∂Xv (A. 13,14).
13:1˛20 Cu A≤ym-b-Øn¬ tZiw D‰p-t\m-°p-hm≥
Bfp-Isf Ab-bv°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Iev]\ \evIn-bXv
btlm-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Bh¿Ø\w 1:19˛22 hmIy-
ß-fn¬ A]-Imcw A`n-]m-b-s∏-´Xv P\-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p.
Ahn-izm-k-Øns‚ Hcp at\m`m-h-am-bn-cp∂p P\-߃°v,
F¶n¬ Xs∂bpw Ah-cpsS At]-£-bpsS ]-Xn-I-c-W-
sa-t∂m-W-am-bn-cn°mw ssZh-Øns‚ \n¿t±iw F∂p-≈-
Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. 4˛15 hmIy-ß-fn¬ tZiw D‰pt\m°p-
hm≥ t]mb-h-cpsS t]cp-Iƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.
Imte_v (hm.6) tlmtib (hm.8) F∂n-hsc ]tXyIw
i≤n-°p-I. tlmibv°v tbmiph F∂ t]cv \evIn-bXv
tamsi-bm-bn-cp∂p (hm.16). tZi-sØ-°p-dn®pw AXnse
\nhm-kn-Isf kw_-‘n-®p-ap≈ ]q¿Æ-hn-hcw tiJ-cn®p
aS-ßn-h-cp-hm≥ tamsi B ]¥≠p t]tcmSp Bh-iy-
s∏´p (hm. 17-˛20). Ah¿°v BZyw sX°v s\tK-hn-
te°pw AXn-\p-tijw tZi-Øns‚ a≤y-`m-K-Øp≈ ae-
º-tZ-i-ß-fn-te-°p-am-bn-cp∂p t]mtI-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
13:21˛29 tZiw D‰p-t\m-°p-hm≥ t]mb-h¿ sX°p
ko≥ acp-`q-an-bn¬ \n∂v hS°v tctlm_v hsc tZiw
t\m°n-°≠p (hm.21). 22-˛24 hmIy-ß-fn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-
s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv sX°p `mKØp \S∂ D‰p-t\m-´-am-Wv.
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 12,13
175
slt_m-\n¬ Ah¿ A\m-°ns‚ aq∂p ]pX-∑msc
I≠p, Bh. 2:10,11 hmIy-]-Imcw Ah¿ a√-∑m-cm-bn-cp-
∂p. slt_m\p kao]w Ah¿ ap¥n-cn-tØm-´-ß-fp≈
Hcp Xmgvhc-bn-se-Øn. Ah¿ Ahn-sS-\n∂pw Hcp henb
ap¥n-cn-°pe apdn-s®-Sp-Øp. Hcp X≠n-t∑¬ sI´n, c≠p
t]¿ IqSn Npa-∂p, amX-f-∏-g-tØmSpw AØn-∏-g-tØmSpw
IqsS bnkm-tb¬ ]mf-b-Øn-te°p sIm≠p-h-∂p. B
ÿe-Øns‚ t]cv Fkvt°m¬ Xmgvhc F∂m-bn-cp-∂p,
AXn-s‚-b¿∞w Ipe. A]-I-S-Im-cn-I-fmb \nhm-kn-
IfSpØp at\m-l-c-amb tZiw F∂m-bn-cp∂p tZiw D‰p-
t\m-°p-hm≥ t]mb-h-cn¬ `qcn-`m-K-Øn-s‚bpw A`n-]m-
bw. tZi-hm-kn-Isf Iog-S-°p-hm≥ bnkm-tb-en\p Ign-
bptam F∂v (A-h-sc HmSn-®p-I-f-bp-sa-∂p≈ ssZhoI
hmKvZ-Ø-ap-≠m-bn-´p-t]m-epw). D‰p t\m´-°m¿ kwi-bn-
®p.
13:30˛32 Cu a√-∑m¿ Pe-]-fbsØ AXn-Po-hn-®-h-
cm-sW-∂√ s\^o-eo-ans\ (hm.33, F_m-b-]-Zw) Ipdn-
®p≈ kqN-\ -sIm-≠¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv. Pe-]-f-b-Øn\p
apºv Po-hn-®n-cp∂ s\^o-eo-an-s\-°p-dn®p bnkm-tb¬
P\w tI´n-´p-≠m-h-Ww. Aßs\ Cu a√-∑msc Ah-cp-
ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p Ah¿. bnkm-tb¬
Ah-sc Pbn-°p-sa-∂p≈ Bfl-hn-izmkw (tbm-ip-
hbv°pw X\n-°p-th≠n kwkm-cn-®) Imte_v ]I-Sn-∏n-
®p. F∂m¬ a‰p-≈-h¿ C°mcyw ]q¿Æ-ambpw \ntj-[n-
®p. \nhm-knIsf Xn∂p If-bp∂ tZiw F∂ ]kvXm-
h\ sIm≠¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv, Ct∏mƒ AhnsS Xma-kn-
°p-∂-h¿, Xma-k-ap-d-∏n-°p-hm≥ ian-°p∂ GsXm-cp-h-
s\bpw \in-∏n-°p-sa-∂m-Wv.
acp`q-an-sbt∂m ac-ß-fn-√mØ hnim-e-amb ]p¬ssa-
Xm\w Ft∂m A¿∞w hcp∂ F_m-b-]-Z-Øn¬\n-∂p-
amWv Cu ]Zw D¤-hn-®-Xv. tbm¿±m≥ Xmgvhc-bpsS
sX°v Iq´n-t®¿°-s∏´ `mK-Øn\p \evIn-bn-cn-°p∂
t]cmWv Acm-_. Cu \nav\-`mKw Nmhp-I-S¬ap-X¬
A°m_ Dƒ°-S¬hsc 160 In.-ao. A[n-I-ambn (100
ssa¬) ]c∂p InS-°p-∂p.
13:33 tZiw D‰p-t\m-°p-hm≥ t]mb-h-cn¬ ]Øp-
t]¿°pw sX‰mb ho£-W-am-bn-cp∂p D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
I\m≥ tZi-°m¿s°-∂-t]mse Ah¿°pw Xß-sf-
Øs∂ sh´p-°n-fn-I-sf-t∏m-se-bmWv ImWp-hm≥ Ign-
™-Xv. tbmip-hbpw Imte_pw tZiw ssIh-i-am-°p-
hm≥ Ignbpw F∂p≈ ssZhnI ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ \n-∂p-
sIm-≠mWv bnkm-tb-ens\ I≠-Xv. D‰p-t\m-´-°m-cn¬
hnizm-k-an-√m-Ø-h-cmb ]Øp-t]sc kw_-‘n-®n-S-
tØmfw a√-∑m-cpsS ]iv\w XcWw sNøp-hm≥ ]bm-
k-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cmb B c≠p-
t]¿°v a√-∑m-cpsS km∂n≤yw \n m-c-am-bn-cp-∂p.
14:1˛10 At∏mƒ k -sbm-s°bpw tamsibv°pw Al-
tcm\pw hntcm-[-ambn Ibvt∏msS ]ndp-]n-dp-Øp. hmKvZ-
Ø-tZ-i-Øp-h®p hmfm¬ \in-∏n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xn\p ank-
bo-an¬\n∂pw Xßsf ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn®p sIm≠p-h∂p
F∂p ]d™p btlm-h-sb \nµn-®p, Xßsf ank-bn-ao-
te°p aS-°n-s°m≠p t]mIp-hm≥ Hcp ]pXnb Xe-hs\
Xnc-s™-Sp-°p∂ Imcyw Ah¿ Btem-Nn®p (hm. 1˛3).
iXp-°sf Iog-S-°p-hm≥ X߃°p Ign-bp-sa-∂p≈
Dd∏v P\-Øn\p sImSp-°p-hm≥ tbmip-h-bpw Imte_pw
ian-®-t∏mƒ P\w Ahsc Is√-dn-bp-hm≥ KqVm-tem-
N\ \SØn (hm.6-˛10).
ssZh hnizm-k-an-√m-Ø-h-cpsS t`mjXzw 3,4 hmIy-
߃ hni-Z-ambn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv. ank-bo-an-te°p
aS-ßn-t∏m-Ip-I. Xß-fp-sS ssZhw \in-∏n® tZi-tØ-
°v, BZy-Pm-X-∑m¿°p-th≠n hne-]n®p sIm≠n-cn-°p∂
Hcp tZi-tØ-°v, ]pd-∏m-Sns‚ Xte∂p X߃ sIm≈-
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 13,14
Acm-_
176
b-Sn® tZi-tØ-°v, Xßsf ]n¥p-S¿∂p-h∂ ank-boay
ssk\yw apßn-®Ø sN¶-S-en-te°v aS-ßn-s®-√p-I.
IqSmsX ^d-thm≥ F]-Im-c-am-bn-cn°pw A-hsc
kzmKXw sNøpI? Fs¥m-s°-bm-bmepw I\m≥tZ-iØv
ssZhw Xßsf hnP-bn-°p-hm≥ klm-bn°pw F∂p hniz-
kn-°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ kpc-£nXXzwCXm-sW∂p Ah¿
Nn¥n-®p. btlmh ank-bo-aysc XI¿Øp-I-f-™p, sN¶-
S-ens\ c≠mbn hn`-Pn-®p. kz¿§o-b-`-£Ww \evIn
Ahsc t]mjn-∏n-®p, acp`q-an-bn¬ IqSn Ahsc \S-Øn,
F∂n´pw Hcp sNdn-b-Iq´w a√-∑msc Pbn-°p-∂Xp kw_-
‘n®v ssZh-Øns‚ i‡n-bn¬ Bi-bn-°p-hm≥
Ah¿°p Ign-™n-√. Ah¿ ssZhsØ Ipdn®p Nn¥n-
®-sXt¥m, AXv Ah-cpsS ]hr-Øn-I-fn-eqsS hy-‡-ambn
shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn. B a√-∑m-tcmSv InS-]n-Sn-°-Ø-°-i‡n
btlm-h-bv°pt≠m F∂v Ahs‚ i‡n-bn¬ Ah¿°p
kwi-b-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ign-™p-t]mb Hcp h¿jw ssZhw
]Xy-£-amb \ne-bn¬ X߃°p shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-
≠n-cp∂Xp Kln-°p-∂-Xn¬ Ah¿ ]cm-P-b-s∏- p. AXm-
bXv btlm-h-bpsS kz`m-hhpw coXn-I-fpw. hfsc thZ-
\m-P-\-I-ambn ChnsS ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂-Xp-t]mse
ssZ-h-sØ-°p-dn -®p≈ _e-lo-\-amb [mcW Hcp
hy‡nsb F∂√ Hcp PmXnsb apgp-h≥ XI¿Øp If-
bp-∂p.
14:11˛19 blq-Z-∑msc apgp-h≥ Dt]-£n-®n´v tamsi-
bpsS Xe-ap-d-bn¬ \n∂pw Hcp ]pXnb P\-Xsb Fgp-
t∂-ev]n-°p-sa∂v ssZhw tIm]-tØmsS Acp-fn-s®bvXp
(hm.11,12). F∂m¬ Xs‚ P\sØ hmKvZ-Ø-tZ-iØp
sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-hm≥ btlm-hbv°p Ign-™n√ F∂p
PmXn-Iƒ ]d-bp-sa∂p Hm¿∏n-®p-sIm≠v tamsi Ah¿°p-
th≠n a≤y-ÿ-X-b-W®p (hm.13- 19). ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn-
t_m[w k∂nKvZ \ne-bn-embn tami hfsc i‡-ambn
C°m-cy-Øn¬ hmZn®p ]pd. 34:6,7-˛¬ btlmh tami-
bpsS Xt∂-Øs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp -Øn-bn-´p -≠v. Xs‚
]m¿∞-\-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ssZhw Xs∂-°p-dn®p
\¬Inb hnh-c-W-߃ Gsd-°psd hm°n\p hm°mbn
tami 18˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ Bh¿Øn-°p-I-bmWv P\-ß-
fpsS ssZh-im-kvX-Øn¬\n∂pw FX hyXy-kvX-amWv
tamsi-bpsS ssZh-im-kvXw! ssZhoI shfn-∏m-Sns‚
ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≈-XmWv tamsi-bp-tS-Xv. F∂m¬
am\p-jnI k¶-ev]-߃°v A[n-jvTnX-amWv P\-ß-fpsS
ssZh-imkvXw-.
14:20˛35 P\sØ \in-∏n-°-bn-s√∂v ssZhw Acp-fn-
s®-bvXp, F¶nepw ank-bo-an¬\n∂pw ]pd-s∏-´p-h-∂-h-
cn¬ Ccp-]Xp hb- n\p apI-fn¬, ]mb-ap-≈-hcpw bp≤
]m]vX-cp-amb ]pcp-j-∑m-cn¬ kwJy. 26:64,65; Bh. 2:14)
tbmip-hbpw Imte_pw amXta hmKvZ-Ø-\m-´n¬ ]th-
in-°-bp-≈p-sh∂v ssZhw Iev]n-®p. Ahn-izm-k-ap≈ Xe-
apd acn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc P\w \mev]Xp kwh-’cw acp-`q-
an-bn¬ Dg∂p \S-°pw. Xß-fpsS ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS ]mXn-
h-Xy-`wKw ]pX-∑m¿ hln-t°-≠n-h∂p (hm.33). F∂n-
cp-∂mepw \mev]Xp h¿j-Øn\p-tijw hmKvZ-Ø-\m- n¬
]th-in-°p-hm-\p≈ A\p-aXn Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. 40-
˛mw h¿jw F∂p-≈Xv ]tXyIw ]d-™n-´p-≠v. ImcWw
tZiw D-‰p-t\m-°p-hm≥ t]mb-h¿ Xß-fp-sS ]cy-S-\-Øn¬
tZiØp \mev]Xp Znhkw Nne-h-gn®p (hm.34). ChnsS
\mev]Xp h¿jw F∂Xv ]qPy-Øn¬ Ah-km-\n-°p∂
Hcp kwJy-bmbn sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬
bYm¿∞-Øn¬ AXv GI-tZiw ap∏-Øn-sb´p h¿j-am-
bn-cp-∂p. \mev]Xp kwh-’cw F∂p-≈Xv ank-bo-an¬
\n∂pw Ah¿ ]pd-s∏-´-Xp-ap-X¬ I\m≥tZ-iØp FØp-
∂-Xp-h-sc-bp≈ Ime-am-bn-cp-∂p. ssZhw sImSp-°p-hm-
\m-K-ln® \∑ Ah¿ \nc-kn-®-Xp-sIm≠v AXn\p ]I-
c-ambn P\w Xnc-s™-SpØ Xn∑ Ah¿ A\p-`hn-t°-
≠n-h-∂p. Ah¿°p hmKvZØ tZiØp ]th-in-°p-hm≥
Ign-™n-s√-¶nepw \nXy-ambn Ah¿ \jvS-s∏-´p-sh∂v
AXn-\¿∞-an-√. A\p-k-cWt°Sns‚ ^e-ambn Cu
Pohn-X-Øn¬ Ahs‚ B[n-Im-cn-I-amb in£ Ah¿
A\p`hn-®p-sh-¶n¬ Xs∂bpw btlm-h-bn-¶se hnizm-
k-Øm¬ Ah-cn¬ ]ecpw c£ ]m]n-®p.
bnkm-tb¬ acp`q-an-bn¬ Ae-™p-\-S-∂-t∏mƒ k©-
cn® IrXy-amb hgn-I-sf-°p-dn®v [mcmfw Ahy-‡-X-I-
fp-≠v. IqSmsX Ah¿ Hmtcm ÿeØpw FX-\mƒ Xma-
kn®p F∂Xpw hy‡-a-√. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v ap∏-Øn-tb-
gn¬]cw h¿j-߃ Ah¿ ImtZ-in¬ Nne-h-gn-®p-sh∂pw
C∂v A°m_m F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ sN¶-S¬ Xoc-Øn\p
t\sc sXt°m´p Hcp h¿jw bmX sNbvXp-sh-∂p-amWv
Nne¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. ko\mbv°pw tamhm_v ka-`q-an-
bn°pw at[y-bp≈ ]e ÿe-ß-fpsS t]cp-Ifpw Xncn-
®-dn-™n-´n-√.
bnkm-tb-ense A\p-k-c-Ww-sI´ P\sØ in£n-
°p∂ \oXn-bp≈ \ymbm-[n-]-Xn-bmb Ahs‚ tXP n-
s\-bmWv 21˛mw hmIy-Ønse btlm-h-bpsS tXP v
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. bnkm-tb¬ P\w ]Øp-]m-hiyw
btlm-hsb ]co-£n®p (hm.22), B ]co-£W-߃
Xmsg ]d-bp-∂-h-bm-Wv. sN¶-S-en¬ h®v (]p-d. 14:11,12)
amdmbn¬h®v (]p-d. 15:23), ko≥ acp-`q-an-bn¬h®v (]p-d.
16:2), a∂m-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ c≠p-X-hW ]ndp-]n-
dpØp (]p-d. 16:20,27) c^o-Zo-an¬h®v (]p-d. 17:1), tlmtc-
_n¬h®v (]p -d. 32:7) Xt_-c -bn¬h®v (kw-Jy.
11:1)Int_mØv l´m-h-bn¬h®v (kw-Jy. 11:4 Xmc-Xayw
sNøp-I) ImtZ-in¬h®v (D-‰p-t\m-´-°m-cpsS dnt∏m¿´v
kw_-‘-amb ]ndp-]n-dp∏v kwJy. 14).
ank-bo-an¬\n∂pw ]pd-s∏-´p-h∂ bp≤-]m-]vX-cmb
603,550 ]pcp-j-∑m-cn¬ tbmip-hbpw Imte_pw amX-
amWv hmKvZ-Ø-\m- n¬ ]th-in-®Xv (hm.29,30; Bh. 2:14).
14:36˛38 Zp¿h¿Ø-am\w sIm≠p-h∂ Ahn-izm-kn-I-
fmb ]Øp D‰pt\m´°mcpw Hcp _m[-bm¬ kwl-cn-°-
s∏-´p. F∂m¬ tbmip-hbpw Imte_pw AXn¬ \n∂pw
c£-s]- p.
14:39˛45 Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ h∂ in£m-hn-[n-sb-°p-dn®v
Adn™ P-\w, X߃ ssZhsØ A\p-k-cn-°m-sa∂pw
tZi-tØ-°p-t]m-Im-sa∂pw tamsi-tbmSp ]d-™p.
ImtZiv _¿∂-bn¬\n∂pw t\cn´p hS-t°m´p bmX
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 14
177
sNøp-∂-Xns\ Ipdn-®mImw Hcp-]t£ AhnsS Ah¿
]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv (hm.40). F∂m¬ X߃ hfsc
sshIn-t∏m-sb∂pw btlmh Xßsf hn´p-t]m-b-Xp-
sIm≠v X߃ tXm¬∏n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw tamsi Ah-
tcmSp ]d-™p. tamsi-bpsS D]-tZiw IW-°n-se-Sp-
°msX, Ah¿ ae-ap-I-fn-te°v Ib-dn-t∏m-b-Xn-\m¬ tZi-
Ønse Nne PmXn-Iƒ Ahsc BI-an-°p-Ibpw Nn∂n®p
HmSn-®p-I-f-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp (hm.45).
E. ]e-hn[ \nb-a-߃ (A.15)
15:1,2 14, 15 A≤ym-b-߃XΩn¬ FX-Imew IS∂p-
t]mbn F∂v \ap°v Adn-bn-√, ]t£ B hyXymkw
hnkva-bn -∏n -°p-∂-Xm-Wv..... -Rm≥ kXyw sNbvXn-
´p≈tZiw Ah¿ ImWp-I-bn√(14:23). \nß-fpsS \nhm-
k-tZ-iØp \n߃ sN∂n v (15:2) Cu hmIy-߃ XΩn¬
Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I. ssZhoI ]≤-Xn-Iƒ Nne-t∏mƒ ]m]-
Øm¬ XS- -s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Xt∂bpw Hcn-°epw
[zwkn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. ssZhw A_-lman\p hmKvZØw
sNbvX-tZ-i-amWv I\m≥tZ-iw, Ahs‚ k¥m-\-]-c-º-
c-Ifn¬ Hcp Xe-apd AXp ssIh-i-am-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp≈
_‘Øn¬ Ahn-iz-kvX-cmbn Xo¿∂mepw ASpØ Xe-
ap-dbv°v Ah-\Xp \evIpw.
15:3˛29 bnkm-tb¬ a°ƒ tZiØp Xma-k-ap-d-∏n®p
Ign-bp-tºmƒ btlm-hbv°p Ign-t°≠ hgn-]m-Sp-I-sf-
°p-dn-®mWv Cu A≤ym-b-Ønse BZysØ 29 hmIy-
߃ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu hgn-]m-Sp-Iƒ an°-Xpw-C-
Xn-t\m-SIw Npcp°w Npcp-°-ambn ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏- -h-bm-
Wv. Adn-bm-sX-I≠p A_-≤-h-im¬ k` sNøp-∂Xpw
(hm. 22-˛26) hy‡n-Iƒ sNøp-∂-Xp-amb (hm.27-˛29) ]m]-
߃°v ChnsS Du∂¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. k`-tbm-
Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ c≠p hgn-]m-Sp-I-fmWv 24-˛mw hmIyw
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv. Hcp Imfbpw Hcp BSpw. F∂m¬ k`
Hcp Imfsb amXw sIm≠p-h-cp∂ Imcyta tehy. 4˛mw
A≤ym-b-Øn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-´n-´p-≈p. ]am-Wn ]m]w
sNbvXm¬ Hcp BSns\ sIm≠p-h-c-W-sa∂pw tehy.
4˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ ]d-™n- p-≠v. tehy-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬
IqsS-°qsS Bh¿Øn-°-s∏-´n-´p≈ Hcp Iev]-\-bmWv
20,21 hmIy-ß-fn¬ \ap°p ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv. BZy-
tØ-Xv.....-b-tlm-h°v A¿∏n-t°-Ww. BZy-Pm-X-\m-
bmepw BZy-^-e-am-bm-epw, F√m-Ønepw taØ-c-am-bXv
btlm-h-bv°p-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ ]m]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-
sX√mw btlm-h-bn-¶¬ \n∂p e`n-®Xpw BXy-¥n-I-ambn
Ah btlm-h-bv°p-≈-Xp-am-Ip∂p F∂-Xns‚ Hcp
⁄m]-I-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.
15:30˛36 [n°m-c-]-c-am-bp≈ ]m]-Øn\p bmsXm-cp-hn[
hgn-]m-Sp-Ifpw \ne-hn-en-√m-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-bXv btlmh-
bpsS hN-\-Øn\p hntcm-[-ambn a\x-]q¿∆amb B⁄m-
ew-L-\w. AØ-c-samcp ]m]w-sNbvX GsXm-cp-h-t\bpw
P\-Øns‚ CS-bn¬\n∂p tOZn®p If-™n-cp∂p
(hm.30,31). [n°m-c-]-c-am-bp≈ ]m]-Øns‚ Hcp DZm-l-
cWw 32-˛36 hmIy-ß-fn¬ \evI-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. \nb-a-Øns‚
]c-ky-am-bp≈ Hcp ewL-\-sa-∂-\n-e-bn¬ Hcp-hs\
i∫Øp \mfn¬ hndIp s]dp-°p-∂-h-\mbn I≠p.
Ahs\ sIm∂p-I-f-bp-sa-∂p-amXw. Adn-b-s∏-´n-cp-∂p,
]t£ B IrXyw \n¿∆-ln-®n-cp-∂Xv F]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-
∂p-sh∂v Hcn-SØpw ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-´n-´n-√m-bn-cp∂p (]p-
d. 31:15). F∂m¬ ChnsS, Ahs\ ]mf-b-Øn\p ]pd-
Øp-sIm-≠p-t]mbn sIm∂p If-tbWw F∂p btlmh
]Jym-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
15:37˛41 hkvX-Øns‚ tIm¨X-ebv°p s]mSn∏v
D≠m-°p-hm-\pw, tIm¨ Xe-bv°se s]mSn-∏n¬ \oe-®-
c-Sp-sI-´p-hm\pw B blq-Z-∑m¿°v Iev]\ e`n-®p. \oe
kz¿§ob \nd-am-Wv. ssZh-a-°-sf∂ \ne-bn¬ Ah¿°p-
≠m-bn-cnt°-≠p∂ hnip-≤n-sb-°p-dn®pw A\p-k-c-W-
sØ-°p-dn®pw Ah-tcmSp kwkm-cn-°p-hm≥ BK-ln-®p-
sIm-≠p-≈-Xm-bn-cp∂p AXv.
F. tImc-lns‚ A-Xn-Iaw (A.16,17).
16:1˛3 Al-tcms‚ _‘p-hmb tImclv (]p-d. 6:18˛21)
Hcp tehy-\m-bn-cp∂p ]t£ ]ptcm-ln-X-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√.
Al-tcms‚ Ip-Spw-_-Øn\p amX-ap≈ ]utcm-ln-Xym-
h-Im-i-sØ-°p-dn®p Ah≥ ]I-S-amb \ne-bn¬ \oc-k-
tØmsS kwkm-cn-®p. cqt_\y tKmX-°m-cmb ZmYm≥,
A_ocmw, Hm≥ F∂n-h¿ Xß-fpsS taep≈ tamsi-
bpsS t\Xr-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®p A\n-jvS-ambn kwkm-cn-®p.
1˛mw hmIy-Øn-\p-tijw Hms\ Ipdn®p ]d-™n- n-√, Bb-
Xn-\m¬ a‰p-≈-h¿°p h∂ in£m-hn-[n-bn¬ Xm\pw
Dƒs∏-´pthm C√tbm F∂-dn-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. ]`p-
°-∑m-cn¬ Ccp-∂q-‰-º-Xp-t]¿ bnkm-tb¬ ]am-Wn-Iƒ˛
]utcm-ln-Xy-Øn\pw ]ucm-[n-Im-c-Øn\pw hntcm-[-am-
bp≈ AXn-I-a-Øn\p Iq´p-\n∂p (hm.2). P\-߃ F√m-
hcpw hnip-≤-cm-sW∂pw bmKw Ign-°p-hm-\p≈ Ah-
Imiw X߃°p-ap-s≠∂pw Ah¿ hmZn®p (hm.3).
16:4˛11 ]iv\-]-cn-lm-c-Øn-\mbn, tamsi tImc-ln-
t\mSpw Ah-t\m-sSm-∏-ap≈ \n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw ASp-Ø-
Zn-hkw [q]-I-eiw F-SpØp [q]w Im´p-hm≥Bh-iy-
s∏´p (hm.6,7). [q]-h¿§w IØn-°p-∂Xp ]utcm-lnXy
ipiq-j-bmWv. ssZhw Ahsc ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cmbn
AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Xs‚ AXr]vXn ]I-Sn-∏n-°pw.
16:12˛15 tamsi hnfn-∏n-®-t∏mƒ ZmYm-\pw, A_o-cmapw
XßfpsS IqSm-c-߃ hn´p ]pd-Øp-h-cp-hm≥ Iq´m-°n-
bn-√, F∂m¬ Xs‚ t\Xr-Xz-sØ-s®m√n tamisb iIm-
cn-®p. ssZhw ]mepw tX\pw Hgp-Ip∂ Hcp tZi-tØ°p
Xßsf sIm≠p-hcpw F∂p≈ apºsØ hmKvZØw (]p-
d. 3:8) kqNn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v ]cn-lm-k-tØmsS tamsi
]mepw tX\pw Hgp-Ip∂ tZi-Øp-\n∂p (an-k-bo-an¬)
]mepw tX\p-an-√mØ Hcp tZi-tØ°p (a-cp- q-an) Xßsf
sIm≠p-h-∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂v Cu ]pcp-j-∑m¿ Ct∏mƒ
ChnsS ]cm-Xn-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv.
14-˛mw hmIy-Ønse Nn¥ Hcp-]t£ C]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-
∂n-cn-°mw. Xs‚ hmKvZ-Ø-߃ \nd-th-‰p-hm≥ Ign-bmsX
h∂ tamsi Ct∏mƒ Xs‚ ]cm-P-b-Øn-te°p As√-
¶n¬ Xs‚ i-cn-bmb Dt±-iy-Øn-\mbn P\-ßsf A‘-
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 15,16
178
cm-°p-hm≥ ian-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. `c-W-I¿Øm-°ƒ
km[m-c-W-bmbn sNbvXp-h-cm-dp≈Xpt]mse, Xm≥ P\-
ß-tfmSp I∏w Bh-iy-s∏-´n-´n√ F∂p tamsi btlm-
hsb Hm¿Ωn-∏n-®p.
16:16˛22 ASpØ Znhkw tImc-lpw, Al-tcm-\pw,
AXn-I-a-°m-cmb Ccp-∂q-‰-ºXp t]cpw [q]-I-e-i-hp-am-
bn btlm-h-bpsS k∂n-[n-bn-¬ kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-Øn\p
apºmsI FØn. bnkm-tb¬ k`-bpw Hcp-]s£ tImc-
ln-t\m-Sp≈ kl-Xm-]-tØmsS IqSn-h-∂p. At∏mƒ
btlm-h-bpsS tXP v k¿∆-k`bv°pw ]Xy-£-am-bn.
Xm≥ Ahsc \in-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv k`-bpsS a≤y-
Øn¬ \n∂pw amdn-t∏m-Ip-hm≥ btlmh tamsi-tbmSpw
Al-tcmt\mSpw I-ev]n-®p. F∂m¬ tamibpw Al-
tcm\pw a≤y-ÿ-X-b-W-®-Xp-sIm≠v B in£m-hn-[n \S-
∏n-em-°n-bn-√.
16:23˛35 tImc-lpw, ZmYm-\pw, A_o-cmapw Xma-kn-
°p∂ IqSm-c-ß-fm-Wv Ct∏m-gsØ cwKw (hm.24). B
IqSm-c-ß-fpsS ]cn-kc ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ \n∂p amdn-t∏m-
Ip-hm≥ tamsi tijn-°p∂ P\-Øn\p ap∂-dn-bn∏p
\evIn. kIe a\p-jycpw acn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse Ch¿ acn-
°-tbm, kIe a\p-jy¿°pw `hn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse
Ch¿°p hn-°tbm sNbvXm¬ Xm≥ Ah-am-\n-X-\mbn
Øocs´sb∂p A\-¥cw tamsi kIe P\hpw
tIƒs° hnfn-®p-]-d-™p. F∂m¬ btlmh A¤p-X-
I-c-ambn ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw `qan hmbv-]n-f¿∂p Chsc
hngp-ßn-°-f-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ Ah¿ AXn-I-a-Øn¬
sX‰p-Im-cm-sW∂v P\-Øn-\v a\- n-emIpw F∂p ]d-™p
(hm.30). Ah≥ Cu hm°p-I-sf√mw ]d-™p Xo¿∂
DS-s\-Xs∂ `qan hmbv Xpd∂p Ah-scbpw Ah-cpsS
IpSpw-_-ß-sfbpw IqSmsX Ah-cpsS AXn-I-a-Øn¬
]¶p-tN¿∂ F√m-h-scbpw Ah-cpsS k¿∆-k-º-Øn-
s\bpw hngp-ßn-°-f™p (hm.32,33). tImclv acn-®-sX-
t∏m-gm-sW-∂p≈ ]cn-K-W-\o-b-amb Hcp tNmZyw Ahn-
sS-bp-≠v. ZmYm≥, A_ocmw F∂n-h-tcm-sSm∏w qan hmbv
Xpd∂p Ah-s\bpw hngp-ßn-°f-™p-sh-∂mWv Nne¿
hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv (hm.32,33). AXn-Ia-°m-cmb Ccp-∂q-‰-
ºXp t]sc \in-∏n® B Xo Xs∂ tImc-ln-s\bpw
Np´p-I-f-™p-sh-∂mWv a‰p-≈-h-cpsS A`n-]mbw. (hm.35).
ZmYm≥ A_ocmw F∂n-h-tcm-sSm∏w `qan Ah-s\bpw
hngp-ßn-°-f-™p-sh-∂mWv kwJy. 26:10¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-
∂-Xv. Ahs‚ ]pX-∑m¿ in£-bn¬ \n∂pw Hgn-hm-°-
s∏- p-sh-∂mWv AtX A≤ym-b-Øns‚ 11- mw hmIy-Øn¬
ImWp-∂-Xv. bnkm-tb-ense tijvT ]hm-N-I-\mb iap-
th¬ tImc-lns‚ Xe-ap-d-bn-ep-≈-h-\m-Wv. (1-Zn-\.
6:22˛23,28)....30-˛-mw hmIy-Øn-se ]mXmfw (F-_m-b-`m-
j-bn¬ ˛ jntbmƒ) F∂ ]Zw sIm≠¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv
ih-°pgn F∂m-Wv, F∂m¬ ico-c-Øn¬\n∂pw th¿s]´
Ah-ÿ-bmbpw AXn-s\-a-\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw.
Ncn-X-Øn¬ Nne-b-h-k-c-ß-fn-se√mw Nne ]tXyI
]m]-ß-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ssZhw DS-\Sn in£ hn[n-
®p-sIm≠v Xs‚ AXn-bmb \ockw ]I-S-am-°n-bn- p-≠v.
tkmtZm-an-s\bpw sKmtam-d-sbbpw (D-ev]. 19:24,25).
\mZm_v, A-_olp F∂n-hsc (te-hy.10:1,2). ancym-ans\
(kw-Jy. 12:10). tImc-lv, ZmYm≥, A_ocmw F∂n-h-sc-
°q-SmsX Ccp-∂p-‰-ºXp ]am-Wn-Isf (Cu A≤ym-b-
Øn¬) A\-\ym-kv, k^oc F∂n-hsc (]-hr. 5:5,10).
C]-Im-c-am-bn-cp∂p Ah≥ \ymbw hn[n-®-Xv. CØcw
]m]-߃ sNøp-tºm-sg√mw Ah≥ Cßs\ ]h¿Øn-
°p-∂n√ F∂p≈ Imcyw hy‡-am-Wv. F∂m¬ hcpw
Xe-ap-dbv°p≈ Hcp ap∂-dn-bn∏v F∂ \nebn¬ Ncn-X-
Øn¬ Nne ]tXyI Ah-k-c-ß-fn¬ amXw Ah≥ A]-
Imcw ]h¿Øn-°p-∂p.
tImc-ln-t\m-sSm-∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ ]pcp-j-∑m¿ (hm. 32).
Ahs‚ the-°mtcm, A\p-bm-bn-Itfm Bbn-cp-∂n-cn-
°Ww.
16:36˛40 B ]m]n-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn® hnip≤ [q]-I-
e-i-߃, tlma-bm-K-]oTw s]mXn-bp-hm-\p≈ XIn-Sm°n
am‰n. Al-tcms‚ IpSpw-_-Øn\p amXta ]utcm-lnXy
tbmKyX D≈q F∂-Xns‚ Hcp ⁄m]-I-am-bn-cp∂p CXv.
[q]-I-e-i-ß-fnse Xo NnX-dn-®p-I-f-™p.
16:41˛50 Kuc-h-ta-dnb Cu kw`-h-߃ \S-∂-Xns‚
]n-t‰-Zn-h-kw, tamsi-bpw Al-tcm\pw IqsS btlm-h-
bpsS P\sØ sIm∂p-I-f™p F∂p ]d-™v P\w
Ahsc Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øn. At∏mƒ Cu P\sØ apgp-h≥
\in-∏n-®p-I-f-bp-sa∂p btlmh tIm]-tØm-sS Acp-fn-
s®-bvXp. F∂m¬ tamsibpw Al-tcm\pw Ah¿°p-
th≠n a≤y-ÿ-X-b-W-bv°p-hm≥ kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-Øn\p
apºmsI btlm-h-bpsS k∂n-[n-bn¬ sN∂p. A\-¥cw
btlmh `bm-\-I-amb Hcp _m[ P\-Øns‚bnS-bn-te-
°-b®p. Al-tcm≥ XnSp-°-tØmsS [q]-I-eiw FSpØp
P\-Øn-s‚-bn-S-bn¬ sN∂p Ah¿°p-th≠n ]mb-
›nØw Ign-®-t∏mƒ amX-am-bn-cp∂p _m[ \n∂Xv
F∂m¬ At∏m-tg°pw ]Xn-\m-em-bn-cØn Fgp-∂q-dp-t]¿
acn-®n-cp-∂p. bnkm-tb¬ k`bpw, ]am-Wn-Ifpw Al-
tcms‚ ]utcm-ln-XysØ tNmZyw sNbvXp. F∂m¬
Ct∏mƒ Al-tcms‚ ]utcm-lnXy a≤y-ÿ-X-bm-em-Wv
_m[-\n-∂-Xv. tamibpw Al-tcm\pw btlm-h-bpsS
P\sØ sIm√p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂n√ adn®v Ahsc c£n-
°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.
17:1˛9 Al-tcms‚ IpSpw-_-Øn-\p-am-X-ap-≈-Xm-Wv.
]utcm-lnXyw F∂p P\sØ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xn-
\p, bnkm-tb-ense Hmtcm tKmX-Øn¬ \n∂pw Hmtcm
hSn-hoXw kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-Øn¬ sIm≠p-h∂p AhnsS
Hcp cmXn apgp-h≥ hbv°p-hm≥ btlm-h-bmb ssZhw
Iev]n-®p. tehn tKmX-Øns‚ hSn-bn¬ Al-tcms‚
t]mcm-bn-cp∂p D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. bYm¿∞ ]utcm-ln-Xy-
ap-≈-hs‚ hSn Xfn¿°pw. ASpØ ]`m-X-Øn¬ Cu
hSn-I-sf√mw ]cn-tim-[n-®-t∏mƒ Al-tcms‚ hSn
Xfn¿Øp ]qØp _Zmw ^ew Imbn-®n-cp-∂p. ssZhnI
Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏nse ]ptcm-ln-X-\mb InkvXp-hns‚ ]p\-
cp-∞m-\-sØ-bmWv Al-tcms‚ Cu hSn NnXo-I-cn-°p-
∂-Xv. hk-¥-Im-eØv BZyw ]q°p∂ acw _Zm-am-Wv.
F∂-t]mse InkvXp acn-®-h-cpsS CS-bn¬\n∂pw BZy-
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 16,17
179
^-e-ambn Db¿∂n-cn-°p∂p (1-sIm-cn. 15:20,23) hnip≤
ÿe-Øp≈ \ne-hn-f°v sam´pw ]qhp-ambn _Zmw ]qt]m-
se-bm-bn-cp∂p D≠m-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. F√m Znh-khpw \ne-
hn-f-°ns‚ Imcyw i≤n-°p-∂-Xpw, Hcp ]ptcm-lnX ipiq-
j-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Al-tcms‚ hSn cq]-Ønepw e-Ønepw
\ne-hn-f-°n-t\mSp kmZr-i-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Al-tcms‚
IpSpw_w ]ptcm-lnX ipiq-j-bv°p-th≠n ssZh-Øm¬
Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-h-cm-sW-∂p-≈-Xns‚ kqN-\-bm-Wv.
17:10- 13 a’-cn-Iƒ°v Hcp AS-bm-f-am-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\v
Al-tcms‚ hSn Ct∏m-ƒ apX¬ km£y-s∏-´-I-Øn-\p-
≈n-emWv kq£n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXn-\p-tijw P\w oXn-
tbm-Sp-IqsS hkn-°bpw kam-K-a-\-Iq-Smc ]cn-k-cØp
]th-in-°p-hm≥ b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.
G. tehy¿°p≈ \n¿t±-i-߃ (A. 18,19)
18:1˛7 18-˛mw A≤ymbw AXn\p apºp≈ A≤ym-b-
Øns‚ Ah-km\ c≠p hmIy-ß-fp-ambn hf-sc-b-[nIw
_‘-s∏-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. P\-Øns‚ `oXn AI-t‰-≠-Xn-\v,
kam-K-a\ IqSm-c-Øn-se ipiq-j-Iƒ kw_-‘n-®p≈
\n¿t±-i-߃ btlmh ho≠pw Bh¿Øn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
Cu \n¿t±-i-߃ A\p-k-cn-®m¬ Xs‚ tIm]w kw_-
‘n-®p≈ `oXn-bpsS Bh-iy-ta-bn-√. 1˛mw hmIy-Øn\v
c≠p mK-ß-fp-≠v. \obpw \ns‚ ]pX-∑mcpw \ns‚ ]nXr-
`-h-\hpw F∂p-≈Xv ]ptcm-lnX-∑m¿ Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈
F√m tehy-sc-bp-amWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ""\obpw \ns‚
]pX-∑mcpw'' kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ]ptcm-ln-X-∑msc amX-
am-Wv. BZysØ Iq -cm-bn-cp∂ hnip-≤-a-µncw kw_-‘n-
®p≈ AIrXyw hln-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv, c≠m-asØ Iq´¿
Xß-fpsS ]utcm-lnXyw kw_-‘n-®p≈ AIr Xyw
hln -t°-W-am -bn -cp -∂p. ""AIrXyw hln -°pI''
F∂ph®m¬ hnip-≤ I¿Ω-߃ sNøp-∂-Xn¬ ]cm-P-b-
s∏-Sp-Itbm Ah-K-W\ ImWn-°p-Itbm sNbvXm¬
AXn\p DØ-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ Bbn-cn-°pI F∂m-Wv. ]ptcm-
ln-X-∑m-cpsS klm-bn-I-fm-bn-cp∂p tehy¿ F∂m¬
Ah¿ acn -°mXn -cn -t°-≠-Xn\v ]utcm -ln -Xy -ip -
iqjIƒ°mbn Xncp-\n-hm-k-Øn¬ ]th-in-°-cp-Xv.
18:8˛20 hgn-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ ]e-Xn-s‚bpw Hcp \n›nX
Hmlcn ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿°p ]Xn-^-e-ambn A\p-h-Zn-°-
s∏- -Xm-bn-cp∂p (hm.8- 11). IqSmsX FÆ, ho™v, [m\yw,
]g-h¿§-߃ F∂n-h-bn¬ BZy-^-e-ambn A¿∏n-°p-
∂Xpw (hm.12,13) i]-Ym¿∏n-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xpw (hm.14)
ISn-™qepw ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿°p≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. a-\p-
jys‚ I-Sn-™q-ep-I-fpsS Imcy-Ønepw ip≤n-bn-√mØ
arK-ß-fpsS Imcy-Ønepw hos≠-Sp-∏p-hn-e-bm-bn-cp-∂p
]pX-∑m¿-°pw, arK-߃°pw ]I-c-ambn ]ptcm-ln-X-
∑m¿°v e`n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. bmK-ar-K-ß-fpsS Imcy-Øn-em-sW-
¶n¬ ISn-™q-ens\ btlm-hbv°p bmK-a¿∏n-®n-cp-∂p.
AXns‚ Hmlcn ]ptcm-ln-X\pw e`n-®n-cp∂p (hm. 17˛19).
eh-W-\n-b-a-Øns‚ (hm.19) A¿∞w Aew-L-\o-bhpw
imiz-X-hp-amb H∂v F∂m-Wv. ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿°v `qan-
bn¬ Hc-h-Im-ihpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Imc-Ww Ah-cpsS
]tXyI Hml-cnbpw Ah-Im-ihpw btlm-h-bmbn-cp∂p
(hm.20).
18:21˛22 tehy¿°p P\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Zimwiw e`n-
®n-cp-∂p, F∂m¬ AXns‚ ]Øn-sem∂p Ah¿ ]ptcm-
ln-X-∑m¿°v sImSp-°p-hm≥ IS-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. Cu ]Øn-
sem∂v Ah¿ btlm-hbv°v Hcp DZ¿®m¿∏-W-am-bn-´m-
bn-cp∂p A¿∏n-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
19:1˛10 ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse ip≤o-I-cWw kw_-‘n-
®p≈ AXn-i-‡-amb ]Xo-I-ß-fn¬ H∂n-s\-°p-dn-®mWv
19-˛mw A≤ymbw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv, Nph∂ ]ip-°n-Sm-
hns‚ kva-Øns‚ D]-tbm-Kw. ihØm¬ Aip-≤\mbn
Xocp∂ Hcp hy‡n-bpsS aen-\X AI-‰p-∂-Xn\p th≠n-
bm-bn-cp∂p ]tXy-Im¬ Cu hgn-]mSv A¿∏n°-s∏-´n-cp-
∂-Xv. ImtZ-in¬ h®m-bn-cp∂p bnkm-tb-¬a°ƒ btlm-
h-tbmSv. a’-cn-®-Xv. Xß-fpsS Ahn-izmkw \nanØw
acn-t°-≠-Xn\v Ah¿ Ct∏mƒ acp- q-an-bn-te°v Ab-bv°-
s∏-´n-cn-°-bm-Wv. 38 kwh-’-c-°m-ew-sIm≠v GI-tZiw
6,00,000 ¬ ]cw P\-߃ acn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AYhm
Hcp Znhkw \mev]-Xn¬ ]cw Bfp-Iƒ Cß-s\-bp≈
Hcp bmX-bn¬ ihsØ sXmSp-∂Xp Hgn-hm-°m≥
B¿°mWv Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂Xv? Nph∂ ]ip-°n-Sm-hns‚
`kva-Øns‚ Bh-iyw Ct∏mƒ Hcp-h\p a\ nem-°p-
hm≥ Ign-bpw.
Cu ]ip-°n-Sm-hns\ ]mf-b-Øn\p ]pd-Øp-sIm-≠p-
t]mbn Adp-°p∂p (hm.3). ]p-tcm-ln-X-\mb Fse-bm-
k¿ AXns‚ c‡w Ipsd-sb-SpØp kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-
Øns‚ ap≥ `m-K-Øn\p t\sc Ggp-]m-hiyw Xfn-®-Xn\p
tijw ]ip-°n-Sm-hn-s\, Ah-bpsS tXmepw, as‰-√m-h-
kvXp-°fpw, tZh-Zm-cp, Cutkm-∏v, Nph-∏p-\q¬-F-∂n-h-
tbm-sSm∏w Np´p `kvao-I-cn-°p-∂p. IpjvT-tcm-Kn-Isf
ip≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Ønepw CtX hkvXp-
°ƒ Xs∂-bmWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂Xv (te-hy. 14:4,6).
A\-¥cw ip≤n-bp-≈ Hcp-h≥ B kvaw tiJ-cn®p mhn-
Ime D]-tbm-Kn-Ø-\mbn ]m-f-b-Øn\p ]pdØp kq£n-
®p-h-bv°p-∂p (hm.9). k‘y-hsc Ah\pw AXp-sIm≠v
Aip-≤-\m-bn-cn-°-W-am-bn-cp-∂p.
19:11˛19 Cu `kvaw F]-Im-c-am-bn-cp∂p D]-tbm-Kn-
t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂-sX∂v Cu mKØv ]d-bp∂p. Hcp ihsØ
sXm´-Xp-aq-e-tam, acn-®-hs‚ IqSm-c-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂-Xp-
sImt≠m Hcp-h≥ BNm-c-]-Imcw Aip-≤-\mbn
Xo¿∂m¬, ip≤n-bp≈ Hcp-h≥ Ipd®p `kva-sa-SpØp
Ddhp sh≈-tØm-sSm∏w tN¿Øv aq∂mw Znh-khpw
Ggmw Znh-khpw Cu tkm∏p-sIm-≠v.....-Cu-sh≈w Aip-
≤-\m-b-h-s‚-taepw hkvXp-°-fp-sS-taepw Xfn-°p-∂p.
F∂n´v Ggmw Znhkw Ah≥ Xs∂-Øs∂ ip≤o-I-cn-
®p, hkvXw Ae-°n-, sh≈-Øn¬ Xs∂-Øm≥ Igp-In,
k‘ybv°p ip≤n-bp-≈-h-\m-bn-Øo-cp∂p (hm.19).
Nph∂ ]-ip-°n-Smhv InkvXp-hns\ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-
∂p-sh-∂mWv hneywkv A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. _mly-ambn
If-¶-an-√m-Ø-h≥, B¥-co-I-ambn Du\-an-√m-Ø-h≥, ]m]-
kw-_-‘-ambn bmsXm-cp-hn-[-amb ASn-a-Ø-hp-an-√m-Ø-
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 17,18,19
180
h≥, a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ Nph∂ temI-Øm¬ Ih¿®
sNø-s∏-´-h≥ (11). F∂m¬ Cu kmZr-iy-tØm-Sp≈
_‘-Øn¬ hfsc kΩ¿±w sNep-Øm-sX-bn-cn-°p-hm≥
\mw i≤-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww.
]ip-°n-Sm-hns‚ kvaw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xp kw_-‘n-
®p≈ Ncn-X-]-c-amb Hcp hnh-c-W-ap-≈Xv kwJy. 31-˛mw
A≤ym-b-Øn\v AXn-s\-°p-dn®p am‚n¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
.....-]m-]-bm-K-Øns‚ AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-amb khn-ti-
j-X-Iƒ GtIm-]n-°-s∏´ H∂mbn Cu kvaw Icp-X-s∏-
´n-cp-∂p. kabw \jvS-am-°m-sX-bpw, Xmc-X-tay\ A[n
Iw _p≤n-ap-´n-√m-sXbpw GXp ka-bØpw Bi-bn-°-
Ø° H∂m-bn-cp∂p CXv. Hcp Nph∂ ]ip-°n-Smhv \q‰m-
≠p-I-tfmfw D]-I-cn-°pw. ip≤-amb Dd-hp-sh-≈w-sIm-
≠p≈ ip-≤o-I-c-W-N-S-ßn\v ]I¿∂p sImSp-°p-hm≥
hfsc Ipd®p kvaw amXta Bhiy-am-bn-cp-∂p≈p F∂-
Xp-sIm≠v b-lqZ Ncn-X-Øn¬ BsI-°qsS Bdp ]ip-
°n-Sm-°-fpsS Bhiyw amXta D≠m-bp-≈p-sh∂v ]d-
b-s∏-Sp∂p (12).
Nph∂ ]ip-°n-Sm-hns‚ kva-Øn\v Hcp-hs‚ _mly-
Aip≤n BNm-c-]cambn \o°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ D]-cn-bmbn
H∂pw-sN-øp-hm≥ Ign-bm-sX-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ, \n¿÷oh
]hr-Øn-I-fn¬\n∂pw a\- m-£nsb B¥-co-I-ambn
ip≤o-I-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ AXn-bmb i‡n tbip-hns‚
c‡-Øn-\p-s≠∂v F_mb teJ-I≥ hmZn-°p∂p (F-
_m. 9:13,14). Adn-b-s∏-SmØ Hcp Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ Xmsg
∏dbpw ]Im-c-amWv AXp hymJym-\n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv.
""\ap°p Np‰p-ap≈ Bflo-b-a-c-W-hp-am-bp≈ \ΩpsS
kº¿°w Hgn®p IqSm-\m-hm-ØXpw A\n-hm-cy-hp-am-bn-
cn-°-bm¬ AXp kw_-‘n-®p≈ Hcp ssZhnI Icp-X-
emWv Cu Nph∂ ]ip-°n-Sm-hv. anin-lm-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-
Øn¬ bnkm-tb-en-\p≈ c‡-]m-X-I-Øns‚ Hcp ]tXyI
kqN\ Hcp-]t£ AXn-ep-≠v. AXp AIr-Xy-bm-K-Øn\p
km-Zr-iy-am-bn-´p-≈-XmWv A√msX AXns\ \o°p-hm≥
aXn-bm-b-X-√.''
sh-≈w-sIm≠p Igp-Ip-∂Xpw Nne-t∏mƒ Ddhpsh-
≈-Øn¬ Igp-Ip-∂-Xp-amb ]g-b-\n-b-a-N-´-߃ (te-hy.
15:13), Ct∏mƒ AWp-°sf \in-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp
am¿§-ambn kzoI-cn-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v.
19:20˛22 Aip-≤-\m-bn-Xo¿∂ Hcp-h≥ ip≤o-I-c-W-
Pew D]-tbm-Kn-°m-Xn-cp-∂m¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah\p
in£ e`n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. B Pew sXmSp-∂-h\pw Xfn-
°p-∂-h\pw k‘y-hsc Aip-≤-\m-bn-cn-t°-Ww. Ahs\
sXmSp-∂-h\pw k‘y-hsc Aip-≤-\m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw
ssZhw Iev]n-®n-cp-∂p.
H. tamsi-bpsS ]m]w (20:1˛13)
20:1 Cu A≤ymbw Bcw`n -°p-tºmƒ bnkm-
tb¬P\w ankbow hn´n v \mev]Xp kwh-’-chpw hmKvZ-
Ø-tZiw D‰p-t\m-°p-hm≥ Bfp-Isf Ab-®n´v ap∏-Øn-
sb-´p-h¿jw Xn-I-bp-I-bm-Wv, ap∏-Øn-sb´p h¿jw P\w
acp`q-an-bn¬ Dg∂p \S-∂-Xn-\p-tijw Ct∏mƒ ko≥ acp-
`q-an-bnse ImtZ-in¬ Xncn-s®-Øn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ahn-
sS-\n∂p Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p apºv tZiw H‰p-t\m-°p-hm≥
A-h¿ Bfp-Isf Ab-®-Xv. ap∏-Øn-sb-´p-h¿jw apºv
FØn-b-Xn-s\-°mƒ H´pw IqSp-X-embn Ah¿ hm-KvZØ
\m´n-t\m-S-Sp-Øn-cp-∂n-√. C-hnsS h®p ancymw acn-®p,
Ahsf ChnsS AS°w sNbvXp. 19-˛Dw 20-˛Dw A≤ym-
b-߃°nS-bn¬ ]mgm-°n-°-f™ h¿j-ß-fn-¬ 600,000-
˛¬ ]cw P\-ß-fmWv acn-®p-t]m-b-Xv. Ahn-izm-k-Øns‚
Ibv]v \nd™ ^ew Hcp Xe-apd Bk-Iew au\-ambn
sImøp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
20:2˛9 sh-≈-an-√m-Ø-Xn-s\-s®m√n tamsibv°pw Al-
tcm\pw hntcm-[-ambn ]ndp-]n-dp-ØXv ]pXn-sbmcp Xe-ap-
d-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F¶nepw Ah-cpsS ]nXm-°-∑msc t]mse
Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p Ahcpw ]h¿Øn-®Xv (hm.2-˛5). ]md-
tbmSp Iev]n°, AXp sh≈w Xcpw F∂v btlmh
tamsitbmSp ]d-™p. 11-˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ Ahs‚ hSn
F∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-s∂-¶nepw kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-Øn¬
h®ncp∂ Al-tcms‚ hSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p tamsi FSp-t°-
≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. (hm.9,17:10ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I). Al-
tcms‚ hSn ]utcm-ln-Xy-Øns‚ hSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p,
F∂m¬ tamsi-bpsS hSn \ymb-hn-[n-bp-sSbpw i‡n-
bp-sSbpw hSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
20:10˛13 a (sa-co-_) F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ ÿe-Øp-
h®v apsºm-cn-°¬ P\w sh≈-Øn-\mbn ]ndp-]n-dp-Øn-
cp-∂p. A∂v ]mdsb ASn-bv°p-hm-\m-bn-cp-∂p ssZhw
tamsi-tbmSp ]d-™Xv (]p-d. 17:!˛17). F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ
tamsibpsS kl-\-i-‡nbv°v A]-Nbw kw`hn-®n-cn-
°p-I-bm-Wv. H∂m-a-X-mbn Ah≥ P\sØ D]-tZ-i-]-Im-
c-a-√msX a’-cn-Isf F∂p Xs‚ A[-cw-sIm≠p hnfn®p
kwkm-cn®p (hm.10). c≠m-a-Xmbn ]md-tbm-Sp Iev]n-°p-
∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw Ah≥ AXns\ c≠p-]m-h-iyw ASn®p
]pd. 17-˛se ASn-°-s∏´ ]md, Im¬h-dn-bn¬ Zfin-∏n-
°-s∏´ InkvXp-hn\v \ng-em-bn-cp-∂p. InkvXp Hcn-°¬
amXta Zfin-∏n-°-s∏-´p-≈p, AXn-\m¬ Ahs‚ ac-W-
tijw \evI-s∏-Sp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn\v \ng-
em-bn-cp∂p 11- mw hmIy-Ønse sh≈w. C°m-cy-Øn-ep≈
tamsi-bp-sSbpw Al-tcm-s‚bpw ]m]w-sIm≠v Ah¿
hmKvZ-Ø-\m-´n¬ ]th-in-°-bn-s√∂v btlm-h-bmb
ssZhw Iev]n-®p. Ah≥ B ÿesØ saco_ F∂p
hnfn-®p. ]t£ ]pd. 17˛¬ ImWp∂ AsX saco-_-b√
CXv. Nne-b-h-k-c-ß-fn¬ CXv saco_ ImtZ-iv F∂pw
Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Pn. Iymºvs_¬ tam¿K≥ A`n-]m-b-
s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
""hfsc kzm`m-hn-I-sa∂p \mw ]d-bm-\p≈ Cu tIm]-
]-I-S-\w-sIm≠v ssZh-Øns‚ Zmk≥ sX‰m-b-co-Xn-bn¬
ssZhsØ P\-Øn\p apºmsI Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I-bm-bn-
cp-∂p. B \nan-j-Øn¬ Xs‚ hnizmkw ]h¿Øn-tbm-
Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ D∂-X-\n -e-bn¬ FØp-∂-Xn¬
]cmPbs∏-´p-sh-∂p≈-Xm-bn-cp∂p Xs‚ tXmevhnbv°p
Imc-Ww. Xm≥ At∏mgpw ssZh-Ønepw Ahs‚ i‡n-
bnepw hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ P\-Øns‚ IÆp-I-fn¬
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 19,20
181
Xs∂-Øs∂ hnip-≤o-I-cn®p ImWn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Ah\p
hnizm-k-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Xo¿®-bmbpw CXv A¥¿t -Zn-bmb
Hcp ]mT-am-Wv. icn-bmb Imcy-߃ tZmj-amb e-߃
Df-hm-°-Ø-°-\n-e-bn¬ sX‰mb coXn-bn¬ sNø-s∏-Sp-
hm≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v. Nn¥n®p ]mSp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ AXns‚
Bg-ta-dnb A¿∞w \ap°p a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bmØ
Hcp ]m´p-≠v. I¿Ømth Aß-bpsS i_v-Z-Øns‚ Pohn-
°p∂ ]Xn-[z-\n-bmbn Rm≥ kwkm-cn-t°-≠-Xn\v
Ft∂m-Sp kwkm-cn-t°-W-ta.''
I¿Øm-hns‚ ktµiw Adn-bn-°p-hm≥ \mw ]m]vX-
cm-tI-≠-Xn\p Hcp ]m¿∞-\-sb-°mƒ A[n-I-ambn AXp
\sΩ klm-bn-°p-∂p. \mw A]-Imcw sNtø-≠Xv Gsd-
°psd Ahs‚ at\m-`m-h-tØmsS Ahs‚ i_vZ-Øn-
em-bn-cn-t°Ww Ahn-sS-bmWv tamsi ]cm-P-b-s∏-´-Xv.
Cu ]cm-Pbw ImcWw Ah≥ hmKvZØtZi-Øp-\n∂p
Hgn-hm-°-s∏´p (13).
I. Al-tcms‚ acWw (20:14˛29)
20:14˛21 acp-`q-an-bn¬ \n∂pw t\sc hS-t°m´p bmX-
sNbvXv I\m≥ tZiØv ]th-in-°p-hm-\m-bn-cp-∂n√,
t\sc-a-dn®v GtZm-ay-cpsS tZi-Øp-IqSn Ing-t°m´v bmX
sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw Nmhp-I-S-ens‚ Ing-t°-Xo-c-Øp-IqSn
hS-t°m´p bmX sNøp-hm-\m-bn-cp∂p Ah¿ ]≤-Xn-bn-´-
Xv. Aßs\bmhp-tºmƒ P\-Øn\p ]ns∂ tbm¿±m≥
IS-∂m¬ aXn. GtZmay-cpsS bmsXmcp hkvXp-h-I-Ifpw
P\-߃ \in-∏n-°-tbm, Xn∂p-I-tbm, IpSn-°tbm
sNbvI-bn√ F∂p Dd-∏p-sIm-Sp-Øn-´p-t]mepw bnkm-
tb¬ P\sØ Xß-fpsS tZi-Øp-IqSn IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-
hm≥ GtZmw cmPmhv A\p-h-Zn-®n-√. bmt°m-_ns‚
ktlm-Z-c-\mb Gim-hns‚ Xe-ap-d-I-fmb GtZm-ay-tcmSv
]n¬°m-eØv iuens‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ bnkm-tb¬
bp≤w sNøp-Ibpw Ahsc tXmev]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-
Xmbn Ncn-X-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.
20:22˛29 P\w ImtZ-in¬ \n∂pw bmX-sNbvXv
tlm¿]¿∆-X-Øn-¶¬ GtZmw tZi-Øns‚ AXn-cn-¶¬
FØn-b-t∏mƒ Ahn-sS-h®v Al-tcm≥ a-cn-®p. ac-W-
Øn\p apºmbn Xs‚ ]ptcm-ln-X-hkvXw X\n°p ]-I-
c-ambn aI-\mb Fse-bm-k-dns\ [cn-∏n®p (hm.22-˛29).
amXyp -sl≥Sn AXp kw_-‘-ambn Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv:
Al-tcm≥ Xs‚ AIr-Xyw \nan-Ø-am-bn-cp∂p acn-
°p-∂-Xv. F¶nepw Hcp Zpjv°¿Ωn-sb-t∏mse Hcp _m[-
sImt≠m kz¿§-Øn-¬\n∂p≈ A·n-sImt≠m A√
t\sc-a-dn-®v, kzm`m-hn-I-\n-e-bn¬ kzÿ-ambpw tijvT-
amb \ne-bn-ep-amWv acn-®-Xv. ssZhoI\ymb-hn-[n-bpsS
Ic-ß-fm¬ ac-W-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp-h-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ]kvXm-
h-\-t]mse Ah≥ P\-Øns‚bnS-bn¬\n∂pw tOZn-°-
s∏-Sp-I-b√ sNbvXXv t\sc-a-dn®v ssZhnI Ir]mhc-ß-
fn¬ ac-W-s∏-Sp-∂-h-s\-t∏mse Xs‚ P\-tØmSp tNcp-
I-bm-Wv sNbvX-Xv.
Al-tcms\ BZy-ambn ]ptcm-ln-X-hkvXw [cn-∏n®
tamsi-bpsS ssIIƒ Xs∂-, Ah≥ B hkvXw [cn-
®p-sIm≠v acn-°p-∂Xp DNn-X-a-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬, ]uscm-
ln-Xy-tØm-Sp≈ _lp-am-\m¿∞w Ct∏mƒ AXv Ducn-
sb-SpØp (14).
J. Xma-k-a¿∏w (21:1˛22:1)
21:1-˛3 hmKvZ-Ø-\m-Sns‚ sXt°-`m-KØv ]m¿Øn-cp-
∂Xv Acm-Zv cmPmhm-bn-cp-∂p. bnkm-tb¬ acp`q-an-bn¬
]mf-b-an-dßn tZiw-B-I-an-°p-hm≥ ]≤-Xn-bn-Sp-∂p-sh∂p
tI´ cmPmhv P\sØ BI-an-®p, F∂m¬ ]cm-Pn-X-\mbn;
B ÿe-Øn\p tlm¿Ωm F∂p-t]-cmbn (hm.1-˛3).
21:4˛9 ChnsS ]d-b-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ sN¶-S¬ bnkm-
tb¬ ank-bo-an¬ \n∂pw ]pd-s∏´p h∂-t∏mƒ IS∂
Dƒ°-S-e-√, t\sc-a-dn®v A°m_m Dƒ°-S-se∂p \mw
Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ sN¶-S-ens‚ Hcp `mK-am-WnXv. ChnsS
]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ sN¶-S¬hgn F∂Xv Hcp-]s£ Hcp
s]cp-h-gn-bpsS t]cm-bn-cn-°mw, ImcWw Cu ka-bØv
bnkm-tb-en\v A°m_m Dƒ°-S-en-¶-te°v t]mtI-≠
Bh-iy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.
Xß-fpsS Pohn-Xm-h-ÿsb kw_‘n®p P\-߃
ho≠pw ]ndp-]n-dp-Ø-Xns‚ ^e-ambn ssZhw Ah-cp-sS-
bn-S-bn¬ A·n-k¿∏-ßsf Ab-®p. bnkm-tb-en¬ hf-
sc-t∏¿ acn-®p. At\-I¿ acn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bp-am-bn-
cp-∂p. tamsi-bpsS AXp kw_‘-‘n-®p≈ a≤y-ÿ-
Xbv°p adp-]-Sn-bm-bn, Hcp Xma-k¿∏sØ D≠m°n
sImSn-a-c-Øn¬ Xq°p-hm≥ ssZhw Iev]n-®p, ISn-
tb¬°p-∂-h≥ Bcm-bmepw B k¿∏sØ t\m°n-bm¬
aXn Pohn-°pw. hnizm-k-tØm-sS Xs∂ t\m°p∂ ]m]n-
Iƒ \nXy-Po-h≥ ]m]n-t°-≠-Xn\v InkvXp-hns\ Hcp
ac-Øn-t∑¬ (Iq-iv) Db¿tØ-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p-sh∂v \nt°m-
tZ-tam-kns\ ]Tn-∏n-t°-≠-Xn\v I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-
kvXp-Xs∂ Cu kw`hw FSp-Øp-≤-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p (tbm-
l. 3:1˛6).
Cu k¿∏w ]n¬°m-eØv blqZ P\-Xbv°v Hcp
CS¿®°-√mbn Xocp-Ibpw lnkv°o-bm-hns‚ ImeØv
AXp ]q¿Æ-ambn \in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp (2-cm-
Pm. 18:4).
21:10˛20 tlm¿ ]¿∆Xw apX¬ tam-hm_v ka`q-an-h-
sc-bp≈ bnkm-tb¬a-°-fpsS bmX-Iƒ IrXy-am-bn-
s´m∂pw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´n-´n-√. F∂n-cp-∂mepw kw-Jy.
21:10 apX¬ 22:1hsc-bp≈ mKØv Ah¿ ]mf-b-an-d-ßnb
ÿe-߃ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. btlm-h-bpsS bp≤-
]p-kvXIw (hm.15) F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv Hcp-]s£ bnkm-
tb-ens‚ apºp-≠m-bn-´p≈ bp≤-ß-fpsS Ncn-X-]c-amb-
amb Hcp tcJ-bm-bn-cn-°mw. AXv Hcn-°epw e`y-a-√.
t_cn¬ btlmh A¤p-X-I-c-ambn Ah¿°v sh≈w
\¬In (hm.16- 18) kky-߃t]mepw hf-cmØ Xcn-imb
acp`q-an-bn¬ ]`p-°-∑m¿ Xß-fpsS sNt¶m¬ sIm≠p
Ipgn-®-t∏mƒ Ah¿°p sh≈w e`n-®p.
21:21˛26 Atam-cy-cpsS tZi-Øn-\-cnsI FØnb
bnkm-tb¬ AXn-eqsS IS∂p t]mIp-hm≥ A\p-hmZw
tNmZn-®p. ]t£ \ntj-[n-°-s∏-´p. bYm¿∞-Øn¬
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 20,21
182
Atam-cy-cpsS cmPm-hmb kotlm≥ bnkm-tb-en-t\mSp
bp≤w ]Jym-]n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£ Ah¿ Xo¿Øpw
]cm-Pn-X-cm-°-s∏-´p. bnkm-tb-ep-am-bp≈ bp≤-Øn¬
Xm\pw Xs‚ P\hpw ]cm-P-b-s∏-tS-≠-Xn\v dthm-s\-
t∏mse Cu Atamcy cmPm-hn-s‚bpw lrZbw ssZhw
ITn-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p (B-h. 2:30). AtΩm-cy-cpsS
AIaw (D-ev]. 15:16) .C-t∏mƒ ]q¿Æ-am-bn, Ah-tcm-
Sp≈ _‘Ø-n¬ btlm-h-bpsS \ymb-hn-[n-bv°p≈ D]-
I-c-W-߃ bnkm-tb-em-bn-cp-∂p.
21:27-˛30 27-˛30 hmIy-ß-fnse kmc-h-Ømb Km\-
Øns‚ A¿∞-an-Xm-Wv. tamhm-_y-cn¬ \n∂pw ASp-Ø-
Im-eØv Atam-cy¿ ]nSn-s®-SpØ ÿe-am-bn-cp∂p
slivt_m≥. Ct∏mƒ slivt_m≥ bnkm-tb¬ P\-
Øn\p e`n-®n-cn-°-bm-Wv. tamhm-_y-cpsS Cu ]´Ww ]nSn-
®-S-°n-b-h¿ ]cm-Pn-X-cm-°-s∏-´m¬ ]ns∂ Xo¿®-bmbpw
tamhm_v Hcp aq-∂mw-InS i‡n-bm-Ip-I-bm-Wv. IqSmsX
Cu tZiw ]q¿Wambpw Atam-cy-cm-Pm-hmb kotlms‚
Ah-Im-i-am-sW∂pw AsXm-cn-°epw Hcp tamhm-_y-tZ-
i-am-I-bn-s√-∂p-ap≈ Hcp sXfn-hm-bn-´p-am-bn-cn°mw Hcp-
]t£ Cu ]g-samgn FSp-Øp-≤-cn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu
hkvXpX ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ X°-hÆw ]m[m-\y-ap-
≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p, ImcWw tamhm-_y-cpsS bmsXmcp tZi-
hpw FSp-°-cp-sX∂p bnkm-tb-ens\ hne-°n-bn-cp∂p
(Bh. 2:9).
21:31˛22:1 bnkm-tb-ens‚ k©m-c-am¿§w IrXy-ambn
]p\x-kw-L-Sn-∏n-°p-hm≥ ]bm-k-am-Wv. ASn-ÿm\--]-c-
ambn Ah¿ tlm¿ ]¿∆-X-Øn¬ \n∂pw Ing-t°m´p
bmX sNbvXp FtZm-ans‚ ]Sn-™msd AXn-cn¬°qSn
hS-t°m´p tkscZv \-Zn-hsc k©-cn-®p-sh-∂mWv Icp-X-
s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. AXn-\p-tijw Ah¿ GtZm-an\pw tamhm-
_n\pw a≤y-Øn-eqsS tksc-Zns\ A\p-[m-h\w sNbvXp-
sIm≠v Ing-t°m´v bmX-sN-bvX-tijw tamhm-_ns‚
Ing-°≥ AXn¿Øn-bn-eqsS hS-t°m´p bmX sNbvXv
A¿t∂m-\n-te°pw Ahn-sS-\n∂pw ]Sn-™mdv cmP-ho-Yn-
bn-te°pw IS-∂p. Ah¿ AtΩm-cy-cpsS cmPm-hmb
kotlms\ Iog-S-°-b-tijw _mim≥ cmPm-hmb
HmKns\ Pbn-t°-≠-Xn\v hS-t°m´p apt∂-dn. tbm¿±m\p
Ing-°v, bnkm-tb¬ hmKvZ-Ø-tZ-iØp ]th-in-°p-∂-
Xn-\p-th≠n tbm¿±m≥ apdn®p IS-t°≠ ÿe-Øn\p
hS-°m-bn´p \√ ta®¬ ÿe-ß-fp≈ Hcp tZi-am-bn-
cp∂p _mim≥. _mim≥ ssIh-i-am-°nb bnkm-tb¬
aS-ßn-h∂p sbcn-tlm-hns‚ kao-]Øp tbm¿±m-\-°sc
tamhm_v ka`q-an-bn¬ ]mf-b-an-dßn (hm.1). tamhm-_y-
cn¬ \n∂pw Atamcy¿ ssIh-i-am-°n-b-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu
ka-`q-an-Iƒ (kw-Jy. 21:26).F¶nepw tamhm-_ns‚ t]¿
AXn¬ Xßn-\n-∂n-cp-∂p.
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 21,22
acp`q-an-bn¬\n∂v I\m-\n-te-°v
183
III. tamhm_v ka- q-an-bn-se kw -h-߃
(22:2˛36:13)
A. _nsebmw ]hm-N-I≥ (22:2˛25:18)
1. _mem-°n-\m¬ £Wn-°-s∏´ _nsebmw (22:2˛40)
22:2˛14 sXt° tZi-°m-cmb tamhm-_y¿, bnkm-tb¬
Atam-cysc ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ønb Imcy-߃ tI´-t∏mƒ
`b-s∏´p (B-h-iy-an-√msX Bh. 2:9 ImWp-I). AXp-
sIm-≠v Ahn-SpsØ cmPm-hmb _m-em-°v, bnkm-tb-
ens\ i]n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n _nsebmw ]hm-N-Is\
Iqen°p hnfn-°p-hm≥ BKln®p. _nsebmw PmXo-b-
\mb Hcp ]hm-N-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw kXy-ssZ-h-sØ-
°p-dn-®p≈ A¬∏-amb ]cn-⁄m\w Ah-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-
sh∂p tXm∂p-∂p. bnkm-tb-ens‚ th¿]m-Sv, \oXo-I-c-
Ww, at\m-lm-cn-X, alXzw F∂nh kw_-‘n-®p≈
Xs‚ a\ v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ ssZhw Ahs\ D]-
tbm-Kn-®p. bnkm-tb-ens\ i]n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n _n-
se-bm-ans\ hcp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ H∂m-asØ iaw tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv 7-˛14 hmIy-ß-fn-em-Wv. _mem-
°ns‚ ZqX-∑m¿ ]iv\ Z£n-W-bp-ambn AXm-bXv Ah≥
hnP-b-I-c-ambn bnkm-tb-ens‚ ta¬ Hcp im]w ]Jym-
]n-®m¬ Ah\p sImSp-°p-hm-\p≈ ]Xn-^-e-hp-ambn
_nse-bm-ans‚ ASp-°¬ h∂p. F∂m¬ Xm≥ Ahsc
A\p-K-ln-®n-cn-°-sIm-≠v Ahsc i]n-°-cp-sX∂v ssZhw
Ah-t\mSp ]d-™p. _mem°v F∂ hm°n-s‚-b¿∞w
""iq\y-am-°p-∂-h≥'' F∂m-Wv. _nse-bm-ans‚ A¿∞w
""hngp-ßp-∂-h≥'' AYhm ""Ipg-bv°p-∂-h≥'' F∂m-Wv.
22:15˛21 A-Sp-Ø-Xmbn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv
_nse-bm-ans‚ c≠m-asØ ia-am-Wv. ssZh-Øns‚ lnX-
sa-s¥∂v _nseb-bmw Adn-™n-cp-∂p. F∂n´pw Hcp-
]s£ B a\- n\v Hcp am‰-ap-≠mbmtem F∂ Bi-
tbmsS ho≠pw btlm-h-bpsS apºmsI sN√p-hm≥
Ah≥ ss[cy-s∏-´p. btlmh F¥p sNøp-hm≥ Bh-
iy-s∏-Sp-∂pthm AXp amXta sNøp-hm≥ ]mSp≈p F∂
hyh-ÿ-bn¬ _mem°v Ab® Bfp-I-tfm-sSm∏w t]mIp-
hm≥ ssZhw Ahs\ A\p-h-Zn-®p. _n-sebmw Ah-tcm-
sSm∏w t]mIp-hm≥ BK-ln-®-Xns‚ ImcWw 2]-sXm.
2:15,16 ¬ hy‡-ambn kqNn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. A\o-Xn-bpsS
IqentbmSp≈ Ahs‚ kvt\lw Ahs\ AXn-\mbn
t]cn∏n®p ssZhw \evInb Ign-hns\ ]WØn-\p-th≠n
Zp¿hn-\n-tbmKw sNøp∂ Iqen-°m-c-\mb ]hm-N-I\p \ng-
emWv Ah≥.
22:22˛27 ChnsS Im-W-s∏-Sp∂ btlm-h-bp-sS
ZqX≥(hm.22) InkvXp-hns‚ PUm-h-Xm-c-Øn\p apºp≈
Hcp ]Xy-£-X-bm-bn-cp-∂p. _nse-bm-ans‚ B¥-co-tIm-
t±iyw A-h≥ Adn-™n-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v aq∂p ]mhiyw
Ahs\ XS-bp-hm-\mbn ZqX≥ Ah-s‚bpw Igp-X-bp-
sSbpw apºn¬ \n∂p. BZysØ ]mh-iyw ZqX-s\-I≠
IgpX Hcp hb-en-te°v amdn-t∏m-bn. C°m-c-W-Øm¬ B
]mhw arKw _nse-bm-ans‚ ASn-sIm≠p. c≠mw
]mhiyw ZqX≥ Ccp-]p-dhpw aXn-ep≈ ap¥n-cn-tØm-´-
ß-fpsS CSp-°p-h-gn-bn¬ \n∂p. AXp-I-≠p `b-s∏´
IgpX _nse-bm-ans‚ Im¬ aXn-tem-Sp-tN¿Øp sR°n,
AXn-\m¬ ho≠pw ASn-sIm-≠p. aq∂mw ]mh-iyw ZqX≥
Hcp CSp-°n-S-bn-emWv Ah-tcmSp FXn-cn- -Xv. bmX hnLv\-
s∏´ IgpX \neØp InS∂p, aq∂mw XhWbpw _nse-
bm-ans‚ ASn-sIm-≠p., \n¿_-‘-_p-≤n-bpsS ]Xo-I-
amb Hcp Igp-X-t]mepw tPmen Dt]-£n-t°-≠Xv Ft∏m-
gm-sW∂v Adn-™n-cp-∂p, F∂m¬ C—m-i-‡n-bp≈
Zp¿hm-in-°m-c-\mb ]hm-N-I\v AXn\p Ign-™n√.
22:28-˛40 kwkm-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ i‡n e`n® Igp-X,
_nse-bm-ans\ Ahs‚ a\p-jy-Xz-an-√mØ s]cp-am‰w
kw_-‘n®p imkn-°p-I-bm-Wv. (hm.28-˛30). Ducn-∏n-Sn®
hmfp-ambn \nev°p∂ btlm-h-bpsS ZqXs\ _nsebmw
I≠-Xv At∏m-gm-Wv. Ahs‚ A\p-k-c-W-t°-Sn¬ \n∂pw
Ahs\ XS-bp-hm-\p≈ Xs‚ ZuXy-sØ-°p-dn®p ZqX≥
Ah-t\mSp hni-Zo-I-cn®p (hm. 31-˛35). ZqX≥ ]hm-N-
Is\ _mem-°ns‚ ASp-Øp-t]m-Ip-hm≥ A\p-h-Zn-®p-sh-
¶nepw ssZhw \evIp∂ hN\w amXta ]d-bm-hq F∂v
Ah-t\mSp Iev]n®p (hm.35). _nse-bm-ans\ FXn-tc-‰-
tijw _mem°v Xs‚ ssZ-h-Øn\p bmKw Ign-®p.
2. _nse-bm-ans‚ kp`m-jn-X-߃ 22:41˛24:25
22:41˛23:12 ]ns‰-∂mƒ _mem°v _n-se-bm-ans\
G‰hpw Db-c-ap≈ Hcp ]¿∆-X-Øn-te°p (]n-kvK) Iq´n-
s°m-≠p-t]m-bn, Ahn-sS-\n-∂p t\m°nbm¬ Ah¿°p
bn-km-tb¬ IqSm-c-߃ ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.
]n∂oSv tamsi hmKvZ-Ø-tZiw Hcpt\m°p I≠p acn-
®Xv CtX ]¿∆-X-Øn¬ h®m-bn-cp∂p (B-h.34:1,5). bn-
km-tb-ens\ kw_-‘n-®p≈ _nse-bm-ans‚ A\p-kva-
c-Wo-b-amb \mep kp`m-jn-X-߃ Cu A≤ym-b-Ønepw
ASpØ A≤ym-b-Øn-ep-ambn AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. tlma-
bm-K-amb Ggp-Im-f-I-sfbpw Ggp B´p-sIm-‰-∑m-scbpw
apºp -Iq´n A¿∏n -®p -sIm -≠m-bn -cp -∂p BZysØ
aqs∂Æw \S-Øn-b-Xv. ssZhw i]n-°mØ Hcp P\sØ
i]n-°p-hm-\p≈ _nse-bm-ans‚ Adn-hn-√m-bva-sb-bm-bn-
cp∂p BZysØ kp`m-jnXw kqNn-∏n-®-Xv. PmXn-I-fn¬
\n∂p th¿s]-´p≈ bnkm-tb-ens‚ Pohn-X-sØ-°p-dn-
®pw, FÆ-a-‰ Ah-cpsS k¥m-\-]-c-º-c-I-sf-°p-dn-®p-ap≈
]h-N-\-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. tamln-°-Ø° Imew-i-ap≈
bnkm-tb-ens\ \oXn-bp≈ Hcp P\-X-bmbn AXp NnXo-
I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p. (hm.7-˛10). Cu A\p-Kl-Øn\p t\sc-
bp≈ _mem-°ns‚ FXn¿∏p-sIm≠v bmsXm-cp e-hp-
ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]hm-N-I\v btlm-h-bp-sS hN\w
amXta ]d-bm-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈p.
23:13˛15 ]hm-N-I≥ BZysØ AXbpw Xme-]-cy-an-
√mØ \ne-bn¬ P\sØ ImWpw F∂p Bin-®p-sIm≠v
_mem°v _nse-bm-ans\ A\p-Iq-e-amb as‰mcp ÿe-
tØ°p Iq´n-s°m-≠p-t]m-bn (hm.13,14).
23:16˛26 bnkm-tb-en -t∑ep≈ ssZh-Øns‚
bYm¿∞ A\p-Klw am‰-an-√m-Ø-Xm-sW∂v _mem-°n\p
Dd-∏p-\-evIp-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p c≠m-asØ kp`m-jnXw (hm.18-
˛20). 21˛mw hmIy-Øns‚ BZy`mKw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 22,23
184
P\-X-bpsS ]Z-hn-sb-bmWv. A√msX Ah-cpsS ]hr-
Øn-I-sf-b-√. hnizm-k-Øm¬P\w \oXn-bp-≈-h-cmbn
IW-°m-°-s∏- n-cp-∂p. AXp-t]mse C∂p hnizm-kn-Iƒ,
Xs‚ GIPm-X-\mb ]pXs‚ \n¿t±m-j-I-c-amb kI-e-
hn[ kºq¿Æ-X-bm-ep-amWv ssZh-ap-ºmsI \nev°p-∂-
Xv. btlmh bnkm-tb-en-t\m-Sp IqsS-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p,
Ah-≥ Ah-cp-sS at≤y cmPm-hmbn hmgp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v
Ah¿°v B¿∏n-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp∂p (hm.21 b).Ah≥ Ahsc ank-bo-an¬ \n∂pw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®, Ahsc
i‡o-I-cn-®p. Ah¿°p hntcm-[-am-bp≈ bmsXm-cp-hn[
B[n-Im-cnI ZpjvS ]Jym-]-\-ßfpw en-°-bn-√. ]Icw
bnkm-tb¬ s\mSn-t\-cw-sIm≠p t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p∂ Pbw-
I≠v ssZhw Fs¥√mw ]h¿Øn-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂p
PmXn-Iƒ ]d-bp-hm≥ CS-bmIpw (hm.22-˛24). P\sØ
i]n-°p-hm≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-®Xp-sIm≠v Ahsc A\p-K-ln-
°-bp-a-cp-sX∂v _mem°v _nse-bm-an-t\mSp ]d™p
(hm.25). F∂m¬ ssZhw ]d-bp-∂Xp amXw sNøp-hms\
X\n°p Ign-bp-I-bp-≈p-sh∂v ]hm-N-I≥ ]Xn-h-Nn-®p.
23:27˛30 _nse-bm-an¬\n∂pw Fß-s\-sb-¶nepw Hcp
im]w ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-hm≥ th≠n aq∂mw ]mh-iyhpw
_mem°v ian-®p. AXn-\p-th≠n CØ-hW Ahs\
s]tbm¿ ae-ap-I-fn-te°p Iq´n-s°m-≠p-t]m-bn.
24:1,2 ssZhw bnkm-tb-ens\ A\p-K-ln-°p-hm≥
Xocp-am-\n-®n-cn-°p∂psh-∂p a\- n-em-°nb _nsebmw
im]-Øns‚ Hcp ktµ-i-Øn-\mbn ImØp-\n-∂n-√. Ah≥
shdpsX Xmsg-bp≈ bnkm-tb¬ IqSm-c-ßsf t\m-°n,
At∏mƒ btlm-h-bpsS Bflmhv Ah-s‚-ta¬ h∂-Xp-
sIm≠v Ah-t‚-Xmb Adn-hn\pw BK-l-Øn\pw A∏p-
d-am-bp≈ Imcy-߃ Ah≥ kwkm-cn-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßn.
24:3˛9 bnkm-tb¬ IqSm-c-ß-fpsS at\mlm-cnX
h¿Æn-®p-sIm-≠p-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p aq∂m-asØ ktµ-iw.
IqSmsX [mcmfw ^e-kar-≤n-bpw, ]c-s°-bp≈ A`n-
hr-≤n-bpw, al-Xz-am¿∂ cmP-Xz-hpw, iXp-°sf XI¿°p-
hm-\p≈ i‡nbpw D≠m-Ip-sa∂v Ah≥ ]h-Nn®p ]d-
™p. s]mXpsh Aam-te-Iy-cn¬ ]e¿°p-ap≈ Hcp t]cm-
bn-cp-∂n-cn-°Ww BKmKv (hm.7) F∂p-≈-Xv. ]Xpßn°nS-
°p∂ Cu knwlsØ DW¿Øp-hm≥ Bcpw ss[cy-
s∏-Sp-I-bn√ (hm.9). bnkm-tb-ens\ A\p-K-ln-°p-∂-
h≥ A\p-K-ln-°-s∏-Spw, i]n-°p-∂-h\p im]w Xs∂
e`n-°pw. A_-lm-an-t\m-Sp sNbvX \nb-asØ _nse-
bm-ans‚ ]h-N\w ChnsS ]Xn-[z-\n-∏n-°p-I-bmWp
sNøp-∂-Xv. \ns∂ A\p-K-ln-°p-∂-hsc Rm≥ A\p-
K-ln°pw, \ns∂ i]n-°p-∂-hsc Rm≥ i]n°pw (D-
ev]. 12:3).
24:10- 14 ]q¿Æ-ambpw taml- wKw kw -hn® _mem°v
Ct∏mƒ Xß-tfm-Sp≈ kl-I-c-W-Øn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏´
_nse-bm-ans\ Bt£-]n-®p. F∂m¬ ssZh-Øns‚
hN\w amXta X\n°p kwkm-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-
≈p-sh∂v Xm≥ BZyw ap-X¬ Xs∂ ]d-™n-´p-≠-t√m-
sb∂v ]hm-N-I≥ Ahsc Hm¿Ωn-∏n-®p. _mem-°ns\
hn´p kz`-h-\-Øn-te°p aS-ßnt∏m-Ipw-apsº, hcpw-Im-
eØv bnkm-tb¬ tamhm-_ysc F¥p-sN-øp-sa∂p IqSn
]d-™p-Xcmw F∂p _nsebmw B cmPm-hn-t\mSp ]d-
™p.
24:15˛19 tamhm-_y-scbpw Xpape ]pX-∑m-scbpw Iog-
S-°p-hm≥ bnkm-tb-en¬\n-∂p-b¿∂p hcp∂ Hcp cmPm-
hns\(\-£Xw, As√-¶n¬ sNt¶m¬) kw_‘n-®p-≈-
Xm-bn-cp∂p \mem-asØ kp`m-jnXw (hm.17; bnc. 48:45
ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I). Cu cmPmhv GtZm-an-s\bpw
]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øpw. Cu ]h-N\w ZmhoZp cmPm-hn¬ mKn-
I-ambn \nd-th-‰-s∏-´p. F∂m¬ InkvXp-hns‚ c≠mw
hc-hn-¬ AXp ]q¿Æambn k^-eo-I-cn-°-s∏-Spw.
24:20 ˛25 Aam-te-Iy¿, tI\y¿, Aiq¿, Gs_¿
F∂n-hsc kw_-‘n®pw CXp-t]mse-bp≈ \n¿`m-Ky-I-
c-amb hmKvZm-\-ß-fmWv _nsebmw \evIn-b-Xv (hm. 20-
˛24). Aam-te-Iy¿ ]q¿Æ-ambpw \in-∏n-°-s∏-Spw. A o-
cn-b-°m¿ Ah-km\w ASn-a-I-fm°n ]nSn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-
Ip-∂-Xp-hsc tI\y¿ Ita-W-bmbn FÆ-Øn¬ Ipd-™p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. ssk]-kn¬ (F-_m-b- m-j-bn-¬ InØow
F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. CXv s]mXpsh ssk]-kn-s\-bmWv
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, F∂m¬ ChnsS AXv Kokn-s\bpw
Ae-Ivkm-≠¿ NIh¿Øn-bpsS ssk\y-sØbpw ]Xn-
\n-[o-I-cn-°p-hm≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v) \n∂p≈ kmbp[
ssk\yw A o-cn-b-°m-scbpw ]nSn-®-S-°pw. ]f-tbm-Øc
Imen-I-\mb Cu tKmX-]n-Xm-hns‚ blq-Z-c-√mØ Xe-
ap-d-I-fm-bn-cp∂p G_sc∂p Icp-X-s∏-Sp-∂p.
_mem-°ns‚ ASp-Øp-\n∂pw bmX-bm-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-
apsº _nsebmw 25-˛mw A≤ym-b-Ønse ZmcpW kw`h-
ß-tfm-Sp≈ _-‘-Øn¬ ]h¿Øn®p XpS-ßp-hm≥ NI-
߃ Iao-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p.
3. bnkm-tb-en-t\m-Sp≈ _nse-bm-ans‚ h©\
(A.25)
25:1˛3 _nse-bm-ans‚ t]cv Cu A≤ym-b-Øn¬ ]Xn-
]m-Zn-°-s∏´n-´n-s√-¶nepw ChnsS hnh-cn-°-s∏-´n-´p≈ bn-
km-tb¬ a°-fpsS bm-\-I-amb Zp¿\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ°p DØ-
ch-mZn _nse-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂p kwJy. 3:16 ¬\n∂pw
\ap°p a\- n-em-°mw. bnkm-tb-ens\ i]n-°p-hm≥
X°-hÆw _nse-bm-ans\ t]cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ _mem-°ns‚
]Xn- -e-߃s°m∂pw Ign-™n-√, F¶nepw tamhm_y
kvXoI-fp-ambn ]c-kwKw sNbvXv Ah-cpsS tZh-∑m¿°p
_en-b¿∏n-°p-hm≥ X-°-hÆw P\-Øn¬ Nnesc t]cn-
∏n-®p-sIm≠v bnkmtb-ens\ Zp¿∂-S-]-Sn-I-fn-te°v Ah≥
\S-Øn. t\cn- p≈ Hcp BI-aWw sIm≠v hnPbw Is≠-
Øm≥ Ign-bmØ kmØm≥ ]e-t∏mgpw ]tcm-£-amb
coXn-bn¬ hnP-bn°pw.
ChnsS _n-se-bm-ans‚ bYm¿∞ kz`mhw shfn-s∏-
Sp-I-bm-Wv. Cu \nan-jw-hsc ssZh-Øns‚ hm°p-I-tfmSp
Iqdp-≈-h\pw ssZh-a-°-fpsS Bcm-[-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂ Hcp
ssZhnI ]hm-N-I-\m-bn-´m-bn-cp-∂n-cn-°mw \mw Ahs\
IW-°m-°n-b-Xv. F∂m¬ A\o-Xn-bpsS IqensImXn®
A[m¿Ωn-I-\mb Hcp aX-Xym-Kn-bm-bn-cp∂p Xms\∂v
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 23,24,25
185
kwJy. 31:16, 2]sXm. 2:15,16 F∂o thZ-`m-K-ß-fn¬
\n∂pw \ap°p a\ n-em-°mw. bnkm-tb-en\p CS¿®-
sh-bvt°-≠-sX-ß-s\-sb∂v _nsebmw _mem-°ns\ D]-
tZ-in-®p. hnK-lm¿∏nXw Xnt∂-≠-Xn\pw Zp¿∂-S∏p B-
N-cn-t°-≠-Xn\pw (sh-fn. 2:14). CS-h-cp-Øp-I. Ahs‚
D]-tZiw i≤n-°-s∏-´p. _m¬s]-tbm-cns‚ _en-]o-T-
Øn-¶-ep≈ ]mIr-X-amb hnK-lm-cm-[-\-bn-¶-te°v AXv
Ahsc \bn-®p.
25:4˛8a sX‰p-Im-cmb Xe-h-∑m-sc-sbm-s°bpw ]c-ky-
ambn Xq°n-°-f-bp-hm≥ ssZhw Iev]n-®p. Cu h[n-in£
\S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv, ina-tbm≥ tKmX-Ønse Hcp
Xe-h≥, Hcp anZym-\y-kvXosb Xs‚ IqSm-c-Øn-te°p
sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn-\mbn bnkm-tb¬ ]mf-b-Øn-te°p
Iq´n-s°m-≠p-h∂p (hm.14). alm-]p-tcm-ln-Xs‚ (F-se-
bm-k¿) aI-\mb ^ns\-lmkv Xs‚ Ip¥w D]-tbm-
Kn®v B kvXosbbpw ]pcp-j-s\bpw sIm∂p-I-f-™p.
iap-th¬ \ntkm´v A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v.
ssZhtØm-Sp≈ hniz-kvX-X-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ H´pw
hn´p-ho-gvN-bn-√mØ Hcp-h-\p-amXw tbmPn® t]cmWv
^nt\-lm-kv, ""Hcp Xma-h-‡mhv'' F∂p-≈-Xv. ]m]-tØm-
Sp≈ \n¿±-b-amb Ahs‚ \ymb-hn-[n-sIm≠v Ah\pw
Ahs‚ IpSpw-_-Øn-\pw-th≠n \ne-\n-ev°p∂ Hcp
]utcm-lnXyw Ah≥ t\Sn-sb-SpØp (15).
25:8b-13 ssZhw bnkm-tb¬ ]mf-b-Øn¬ Hcp _m[
Ab-®p, B _m[-bm-¬ a’-cn-I-fn¬ Ccp-]-Øn-\m-em-
bncw t]¿ sIm√-s∏-´p. (H-‰-Zn-hkw sIm≠v 23,000 t]¿
sIm√-s∏-´p-sh∂v 1sIm-cn. 10:8¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p).
^ns\-lm-kns‚ kml-knI ]hr-Øn-sIm-≠m-bn-cp∂p
_m[ \n¿Ø-em-°-s∏- -Xv. ns\-lmkv Xs‚ ssZh-Øn-
\p-th≠n XojvW-X-bp-≈-h-\m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Xs‚
IpSpw-_-Øn¬ \ne-\n-ev°p∂ Hcp ]uscm-lnXyw XpS-
cp-sa∂v ssZhw Acp-fn-s®-bvXp.
25:14,15 knanbv°v Xs‚ tKmX-Øn-ep≈ tijvT-]-
Zhn IW°n-se-SpØpw B kvXo Hcp anZym\y IpSpw-
_-tKm-X-Ø-e-hs‚ aI-fm-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw Hcp \ymbm-
[n-]\p Ahsc in£n-°m-Xn-cn-°m-am-bncp∂p. ]t£
AsXm∂pw ns\-lm-kns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØm fw Hcp-
X-S- -am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ImcWw Ah≥ btlm-h-bv°p-th≠n
Xo£vW-X-bp-≈-h-\m-bn-cp-∂p.
25:16˛18 anZym-\y-tcmSp bp≤w sNøphm≥ ssZhw
tamsi-tbmSp Iev]n-®p. (Cuk-a-bØv Ah¿ tamhm-_y-
cp-ambn CS-I-e¿∂m-bn-cp∂p Pohn-®n-cp-∂-Xv). Cu Iev
]\ ]mh¿ØnI-am-°-s∏-´Xv 31-˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn-emWv.
B. c≠m-asØ P\-kw-Jym-K-W-\w(-A.26).
26:1˛51 bnkm-tb¬a-°ƒ hmKvZ-Ø-tZ-iØp ]th-
in®v AXnse \nhm-kn-I-tfmSp bp≤w sNbvXp Xß-
fpsS Ah-Im-i-Øns‚ Hmlcn ]m]n-∏m-\n-cn-°-sIm≠v
Ah-cpsS P\-kwJy IW-°m-°p-hm≥ tamsibv°p
ho≠pw \n¿t±iw e`n-®p. Xmsg-sIm-Sp-Øn-cn-°p∂
kwJy-I-fn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp∂ hyXym-kw-t]mse Ct∏m-
gsØ P\-kw-Jym-K-W-\-Øn¬ BZytØ-Xn¬\n∂pw
1,820 t]cpsS Ipd-hp-≠m-bn cp∂p.
tKmXw P\-kwJy
(A˛1) (A.26)
cqt_≥ (hm.5-˛11) 46,500 43,730
ina-tbm≥ (hm.12-˛14) 59,300 22,200
KmZv (hm.15-˛18) 45,650 40,500
blqZ (hm.19-˛22) 74,600 76,500
C m-Jm¿(hm.23-˛25) 54,400 64,300
sk_q-eq≥(hm.26-˛27) 57,400 60,500
tbmtk^v (hm.28-˛37)
a\s» (hm.34) 32,200 52,700
F^bow (hm.37) 40,500 32,500
s_\ym-ao≥(hm.38-˛41) 35,400 45,600
Zm≥ (hm.42-˛43) 62,700 64,400
Bti¿ (hm.44-˛47) 41,500 53,400
\^vXmen (hm.48-˛51) 53,400 45,400
BsI 6,03,550 6,01,730
H∂mw A≤ym-b-Ønse 603,550 t]¿°pw Ct∏m-gsØ
601,730 t]¿°pw CS-bn-ep≈ Zo¿L-Im-ew-sIm≠v bn-km-
tb¬ a°-fpsS FÆ-Øn¬ h∂ Ipdhv i≤n-®p-sIm≠v
aqUn A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
\mev]Xp h¿j-tØ°v bnkm-tb¬ a°-fpsS hf¿®
\ne-®n-cp-∂p. Ahn-iz-kn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂m¬, k`-Iƒ
F∂ \ne-bn-epw, AXp-t]m-se-bp≈- a‰p Imcy-ß-fnepw
\tΩm-Sp≈ _‘-Ønepw AXv A]-Im-c-am-tb°mw (16).
GI-tZiw 37000 t]¿ Ip-d-™p-t]mb ina-tbm-\y-cn-
emWv Gsd hnkva-b-\o-b-amb Ipdhv ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
Ign™v A≤ym-b-Ønse s]tbm-cn¬ h®p-≠mb kw`h-
Øn¬ apJy-am-bpw-Dƒs∏-´n-cp-∂-Xv ina-tbm≥ tKmX-am-
bn-cp∂p (knan B tKm-X-Ønse Hcp t\Xm-hm-bn-cp-
∂p) Hcp-]t£ sIm√-s∏-´-h-cn¬ `qcn`m-Khpw ina-tbm-
\y-cp-am-bn-cp-∂ncn°Ww. tImc-ln‚ ]pX-∑m¿ Xß-fpsS
]nXm-hn-t\m-sSm∏w acn-®n√ F∂mWv 11-˛mw hmIy-Øn¬
]d-bp-∂Xv.
26:52˛56 Hmtcm tKmX-Øn-ep≈ Bfp-I-fpsS FÆ-
a-\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cp∂p tZiw Ah-Im-i-ambn hn`m-Kn®p
sImSp-Øn-cp-∂Xv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw AXp No´n-´m-bn-cp∂p
sNbvX-Xv. AXn-s‚-b¿∞w, Hmtcm tKmX-Øn-\p-ap≈
tZi-Øns‚ hep∏w IW-°m-°n-bn-cp-∂Xv tKmX-Øn-ep-
≈-h-cpsS FÆ-a-\p-k-cn®pw AXn-s‚-bnSw ¢n]vX-s∏-Sp-
Øn-bXv No´n´pw Bbn-cp∂p F-∂m-Wv.
26:57˛65 bnkm-tb¬ a°-fpsS P\-kw-Jy-bn¬
Dƒs∏-Sp-ØmsX thsd-bm-bn-´m-bn-cp∂p tehysc FÆn-
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 25,26
186
bXv. Ah¿ Ccp-]-Øn-aq-hm-bncw t]¿ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. c≠p
P\-kw-Jym-K-W-\-Ønepw Dƒs∏-´-h¿ tbmip-h-bpw-Im-
te_pw amX-am-bn-cp-∂p. BZysØ P\-kw-Jym-I-W-
°n¬, bp≤-]m-]vX-cmbn FÆ-s∏´ ]pcp-j-∑m-sc-√mw-
Xs∂ acp-`q-an-bn¬h®v CXn-t\m-SIw \in-®n-cp-∂p. 64,65
hmIy-߃ kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂Xv bp≤ ]m]vX-cmb ]pcp-j-
∑m-sc-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tehycpw kvXoIfpw AXn¬ \n∂pw
Hgn-hm-°-s∏-´n-cp∂p F∂n-cn-°nepw ap∏-Øn-sb´p h¿j-
°m-esØ bmX-bn¬ Ch-cn¬ Nne-sc√mw acn-®n-´p-≠m-
h-Ww.
C. ]pXn-am-cpsS ]-c-º-cm-KX Ah-Imiw (27:1˛11)
a\s» tKmX-Øn-ep≈ sktem-^-lm-Zns‚ A©p
]pX-n∑m¿, tZiw hn`m-Kn®p sImSp-Ø-Xn¬ Hcp Ah-
Imiw X߃°pw \evI-W-sa-∂m-h-iy-s∏-´p-sIm≠v
tamsisb kao-]n-®p. I\m≥tZiw hn`mKn®p-sIm-Sp-
°phm≥ X°-hÆw bnkm tb-en¬ FÆ-s∏-´-h-cpsS
Iq´-Øn¬ X߃°v Hcp ]pcp-j≥ C√m-bn-cp∂p (26:53).
Ah-cpsS ]nXmhv acn-®p-t]m-bn, ]t£ btlm-hbv°v
hntcm-[-ambn tImc-ln-t\mSp IqSn-b-h-cpsS Iq´-Øn-em-
bn-cp-∂n√ Xm≥ a-cn-®-Xv. Ah-cpsS ]nXm-hns‚ Hmlcn
Ah¿°p Ah-Im-i-ambn sImSp-°p-hm≥ ssZhw Iev]n-
®p. s]mXpsh BZyw ]pX-∑m¿, ]n∂oSv ]pXn-am¿,
ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿, AΩm-h-∑m¿, ASpØ Nm¿®-°m¿ F∂
\nebn¬ tZiw Ah-Im-i-ambn \evIpI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p
ssZhØns‚ ]≤-Xn. Cu hn[-Øn-em-sW-¶n¬ AXp
ÿnc-ambn Hcp IpSpw-_-Øn\p Ah-Im-i-ambn Ccn°pw
(hm.1˛11).
D. tam-si-bpsS ]n≥Km-an, tbmiph (27:12˛23)
27:12˛14 tamsi DS≥Xs∂ acn-°p-sa∂v ssZhw
Ahs\ ap≥-Iq-´n Adn-bn -°p-Ibpw AXp-sIm≠v
A_mcow ae-ap-I-fn¬ (b-Ym¿∞-Øn¬ Nmhp-I-S-en\p
Ing-°p-≈ Hcp ]¿∆-X-irw-J-e-bmWv CXv). Ib-dp-hm≥
ssZhw Ah-t\mSp \n¿t±-in-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. tamsi
acn® s\t_m ]¿∆Xw Cu irwJ-e-bpsS (ti-Wn) Hcp
`mK-am-Wv.
27:15˛23 P\sØ \bn-t°-≠-Xn\v Hcp ]n≥Km-an-°p-
th≠n tamsi kzm¿∞X IqSmsX Nn¥n-®p. Aßs\
\qs‚ aI-\mb tbmiph Xs‚ ÿm\-tØ°p \ma-I-
cWw sNø-s∏- p. bnkm-tb-en¬ ]utcm-ln-Xyhpw AXp-
t]mse ]n¬°m-eØv cmP-Xzhpw km[m-cW \ne-bn¬
AtX IpSpw-_-Øn¬ Xs∂ Hcp Xe-ap-d-bn¬\n∂pw
ASpØ Xe-ap-d-bn-te°v ssIam‰w sNø-s∏-´n-cp-∂p.-F-
∂m¬ ChnsS tamsi-bpsS ]n≥Kman Xs‚ ]pX-\m-bn-
cp-∂n√ adn®v Xs‚ ipiq-j-°m-c-\mbncp∂p (]p-d. 24:13).
E. hgn-]m-Sp-Ifpw t\¿®-Ifpw (A. 28-˛30) 28,29
A≤ym-b-߃:
hmKvZ-Ø-tZ-iØp BN-cn-t°-≠p∂ hgn-]m-Sp-I-sf-°p-
dn®pw D’-h-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw P\sØ Hm¿∏n-®p-sIm-≠p-
≈-XmWv Cu A≤ym-b-߃.
]Xn-Zn-\-bm-K-߃: t`mP-\-bm-Kw, ]m-\o-b-bmKw
F∂n-h-tbm-sSm∏w cmhn-sebpw sshIp-t∂-c-Øp-ap≈
\nc-¥c tlma-bmKw (28:3˛8)
ssZhm-ebw \ne-\n-ev°p-∂n-S-tØmfw Imew ]Xn-Zn-
\-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ bmK-߃ cmhn-sebpw
sshIp-t∂-cØpw A¿∏n-t°-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-cp∂p (kw-Jy.
28:3˛8).
\mƒtXmdpw cmhn-sebpw sshIp-t∂-cØpw Hcp
hb p ]mb-ap≈ Du-\-an-√mØ Hcp B´n≥Ip´n tlma-
bm-K-ambn A¿∏n-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. AtXm-sSm∏w CSn-s®-
SpØ FÆ Im¬lo≥ tN¿Ø Hcn-S-ßgn t\cnb amhp
t`mP-\-bm-K-ambpw A¿∏n-®n-cp-∂p. IqSmsX Im¬lo≥
aZyw Dƒs∏´ Hcp ]m\o-b-bm-Khpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
cm-hn-se-tXmdpw Cu bmK-߃°p-ap-ºmbpw sshIp-
t∂-c-ß-fn¬ Chbv°p tijhpw kuc-`y-hm-k-\bmb
Hcp hgn-]mSpw A¿∏n-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. Hcp blq-Z-ssZ-hm-
ebw D≠m-b-Imew sXm v AXp \ne-\n-ev°p-∂-n-S-tØmfw
Imew bmK-ß-fpsS Cu ]Xnhv XpS¿∂n-cp-∂p. bmK-
Øns‚ ]utcm-lnXy ]Imc-ap≈ Hcp Xcw Xncn-°√v
Ahn-sS-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. cmhn-sebpw sshIp-t∂-chpw Cu
bmK-߃ CS-hn-SmsX A¿∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-
dn®p tam^‰v ]d-bp-∂Xv: tehy-cpsS ASn-a-I-sf-t∏m-se-
bp≈ ITn-\-the F∂m-Wv. Cu ]In-bbv °v bmsXm-c-
h-km-\hpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. F√mw ]d™pw sNbvXpw
Ign-bp-tºmgpw ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂v AI∂p Ign-bp-∂-hcpw
Xß-fpsS ]m]-sØ-°p-dn®p t_m[-hm-∑m-cp-amb Bfp-
Iƒ ]ns∂bpw tijn-°p-∂p.
BgvN-tXm-dp-ap-≈ bmK-߃: t`mP-\-bmKw,]m-\o-b-
bm-Kw F∂n-h-tbm-sSm∏w BgvN-tXmdpw i∫-Øp-\m-fn¬
A¿∏n-®p-h-cp∂ tlma-bm-Kw (28:9,10).
amkw-tXm-dp-ap-≈ bmK-߃: t`mP-\-bm-Kw, ]m\o-
b-bmKw F∂n-h-tbm-sSm∏w amkm-cw`-Øn-¶¬ \S-Øn-
bn-cp∂ tlma-bmKw (28:11˛14), ]m]-bmKw (28:15).
btlm-h-bpsS D’-h-߃
s]kl ˛ H∂mw amkw ]Xn-\memw XobXn (28:16)
]pfn-∏n-√mØ A∏-Øns‚ s]cp-∂mƒ H∂mw-amkw
]Xn\©mw XobXn apX¬ Ccp-]-Øn-sbm∂mw XobXn
hsc (28:17˛25)
hmtcm-’hw (28:26˛31)
Ipdn∏v: BZy.-^-e-Øns‚ Znh-khpw (hm.26), BZy-
-e-°-‰-bpsS s]cp-∂mfpw (te-hy. 23:9˛14) XΩn¬ Bi-
b-°p-g-∏-ap-≠m-I-cp-Xv.
Iml-f-[-z-\n-s∏-cp-∂mƒ Ggmw-amkw H∂mw XobXn
(29:1˛6)
]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Zn-hkw Ggmw amkw ]Ømw XobXn
(29:7˛11)
IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂mƒ Ggmw-amkw ]Xn-\©mw XobXn
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 27,28,29,30
187
apX¬ Ccp-]-Øn-sbm∂mw XobXn hsc (29:12˛34). F´mw
Zn-hkw Hcp ]tXyI-i-∫-Øm-N-cWw D≠m-bn-cp∂p
(29:35˛39).
30:1˛5 t\¿®-Isf Ipdn-®p≈ ]tXyI \n¿t±-i-ß-
fmWv 30-˛mw A≤ymb-Øn-ep-≈-Xv. Hcp-h≥ btlm-hbv°v
Hcp t\¿® t\¿∂m¬ wKw hcp-ØmsX AXp \nh¿Øn-
t°-Ww. ]nXm-hns‚ kwc-£-W-Øn¬ Ign-bp∂ _mey
]mb-Øn-ep≈ Hcp s]¨Ip´n Hcp t\¿® t\¿
∂m¬,AXp Xs‚ ]nXmhp tIƒ°p-tºmƒ, AXn-s\-
Xn-cmbn kwkm-cn-°p-hm≥ ]nXm-hn-\-h-Im-i-ap-≠v. AXm-
bXv AXp hne-°p-hm≥ Ah\p Ignbpw F∂¿∞w.
BZy-Zn-hkw Xs∂ A]-Imcw sNbvXm¬ B t\¿®
Zp¿_-e-s∏-´p-t]m-Ipw. F∂m¬ BZyZn-hkw Ign-bp-∂-
Xp-hsc Xma-kn-∏n-°tbm A-Xn-s\-°p-dn®p au\w ]men-
°tbm sNbvXm¬ ]ns∂ B t\¿® \nh¿Øn-t°-≠-
Xp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
30:6˛16 Hcp kvXo Xs‚ hnhm-l-Øn-\p-apºv t\¿∂
t\¿®-sb-°p-dn-®mWv 6˛8 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-߃ hni-Zo-
I-cn-°p-∂Xv . AXp t\¿∂ ka-bØv Xs‚ `¿Ømhv
Xo¿®-bmbpw AXn-s\-°p-dn®p tI´n-cn-°m≥ km[y-X-bn-
√, F¶nepw AXn-s\-°p-dn®p BZy-ambn Ah≥
tIƒ°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Xs‚ A[n-Im-c-ap-]-tbm-Kn®p
AXp Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-≥ Ah\p Ign-bp-am-bn-cp∂p.
hn[-htbm Dt]-£n-°-s∏-´-htfm sNøp∂ t\¿® Ah-
fp-sS-ta¬ ÿnc-am-bn-cn-°pw (hm.9). hnhm-ln-X-bmb Hcp
kvXo sNøp∂ t\¿® AXns‚ BZyZn-hkw Xs∂
d±m-°p-hm≥ Xs‚ ¿Øm-hn\p Ign-bp-am-bn-cp∂p (hm.10-
˛15). CXv `¿Øm-hns‚ Xe-h-s\-∂p≈ ÿm\w \ne-
\n¿Øp-∂p. BZy-Zn-h-k-Øn-\p-tijw Ah-fpsS t\¿®
`¿Ømhv Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬ Ah-fpsS Ip‰w Ah≥
hln-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. F∂p-h-®m¬ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ hgn-]m-
Sp-sIm-≠p-h-cn-Itbm btlm-h-bm¬ in£n-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm
sNøpI (hm. 15).
F. anZym-\y-cpsS \miw (A.31)
31:1˛11 hy`n-Nm-c-Ømepw _m¬s]-tbm-cns‚ hnK-lm-
cm-[-\-bmepw Xs‚ P\sØ aen-\-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ anZym-
\ysc \in-∏n-°p-hm≥ ssZhw tamsi-tbmSp Iev]n-®p.
]¥o-cm-bncw bnkm-tb-ey¿ iXp-hn-s\-Xn-cmbn ]S-sbm-
cp°n Ah-tcmSp bp≤w sNbvXp BWp-ß-sf-sbm-
s°bpw sIm∂p-I-f-™p. knan-sbbpw anZym-\y-kvXo-
sbbpw sIm∂v btlm-h-bpsS tIm]w am‰n-b-Xp-sIm-≠m-
bn-cn°mw (A.25). Hcp-]s£ alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-\mb Xs‚
]nXm-hn\p ]Icw nt\-lm-kmWv bp≤-Øn\p t]mbXv
(hm.6). anZym-\y-cp-sS-ta-ep≈ btlm-h-bpsS in£
]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ct∏mƒ Ah-\m-bn-cp∂p Poh-\p≈
ssZh-Øns‚ ssk\ysØ \bn-t°-≠-Xv. BWp-ßsf
Hs°bpw F∂p ChnsS ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv (hm.7) kqNn-
∏n-°p-∂Xv anZym\y ]´m-f-°m-sc-bm-Wv. A√msX \ne-
hn-ep≈ anZym-\y-sc-sb√mw sIm∂p-I-f-™p F∂-√,
ImcWw KnZ-tbms‚ ImeØv Ah¿ ho≠pw bnkm-tb-
en\v Hcp iey-ambn Xo¿∂p (\ym-b. 6). bnkm-tb¬
]mf-b-Øn¬ sIm√-s∏´ anZym\y kvXobmb sImkv_n-
bpsS (25:15) ]n-Xm-hm-bn-cp-∂n-cn-°Ww kq¿ (hm.8). (H-
∂p-In¬ _nsebmw Xs‚ h-\-Øn-te-°p≈ aS-°-bmX
]q¿Øn-bm-°n-bn-cp-∂n√, A-s√-¶n¬ GsX-¶nepw Imc-
W-h-im¬ Ah≥ anZym-\n-te°p aSßn h∂n-cp-∂n-cn-
°Ww ImcWw sIm√-s∏-´-h-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Ah-\p-ap-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p).
31:12˛18 anZym-\y-ssk-\y-Øn-ep-≈-h-sc-sb√mw bnkm-
tb¬ a°ƒ sIm∂pIf-™p-sh-¶nepw kvXoI-sfbpw
Ip´n-I-sfbpw Ah¿ tijn-∏n-°bpw hf-sc-b-[nIw
sIm≈-tbm-Sp-IqsS km`n-am\w A-hsc bnkm-tb¬ ]mf-
b-Øn-te°p sIm≠p-h-cn-Ibpw sNbv-Xp. bnkm-tb¬
]m]w sNøp-hm≥ Imc-W-°m-cm-b-hsc tijn-∏n-®-Xn\v
tamsi Ah-tcmSp tIm]n-°bpw B¨Ip-´n-I-sfbpw
]pcp-j-t\m-Sp-IqsS ibn-®n-´p≈ kIe kvXoI-sfbpw
sIm∂p-I-f-bp-hm≥ Iev]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. _menI-
am-cmb s]¨Ip- n-I-sf-Po-h-t\msS tijn-∏n-®p, Hcp]t£
AXv Krl-tPm-en-Iƒ°p th≠n-bm-bn-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww.
bnkm-tb¬ IqSp-X-embn aen-\-s∏-Sp-hm≥ CS-bm-Im-Xn-
cn-t°-≠-Xn\v Cu in£ A\n-hm-cyhpw \oXn-bp-≈-Xp-
am-bn-cp-∂p.
31:19˛54 bp-≤-Øn-\p-t]mb tbm≤m-°fpw ASn-a-I-fmbn
]nSn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-∂-hcpw BNm-c-]-Im-c-ap≈ Ggp-Zn-h-k-
°m-esØ ip≤o-I-c-W-Øn-eqsS IS∂p t]mtI-≠-Xp-
≠m-bn-cp∂p (hm.19). sIm≈ km[-\-ßfpw XosImt≠m
sh≈-Øn¬ ap°ntbm ip≤o-I-cn-°-W-am-bn-cp∂p (hm.21-
˛24). sIm≈-km-[-\-߃ k`bv°pw tbm≤m-°ƒ°p-
ambn hn`m-Kn-°-s∏´p (hm.25-˛47). bp≤-Øn-\p-t]mb
tbm≤m-°-fn-emcpw Xs∂ FÆ-Øn¬ Ipd-™p-t]m-Im-
™-Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿ \µn-bp-≈-h-cmbn b-tlm-hbv°p
hf-sc-b-[nIw Zm\-߃ sIm≠p-h∂p (hm. 48 ˛54).
G. cqt_≥, KmZv, a\-s»-bpsS ]mXn-tKmXw
F∂n-h-cpsS ]c-º-cm-KX Ah-Imiw (A.32).
32:1˛5 tbm¿±m≥ \-Zn°p Ing-°p≈ kar-≤-amb
ta®n¬ ÿe-߃ I≠ cqt_-\ycpw KmZycpw, A-hnsS
ÿnc-ambn Xma-kn-°p-hm≥ Ahsc A\p-h-Zn-°-W-sa∂v
Bh-iy-s∏´p (hm.1-˛5). tbm¿±m≥ IS∂v Xß-fpsS
ktlm-Z-c-ßtfm-sSm∏w I\m≥ tZisØ Pm-Xn-I-fmb
tZi-\n-hm-kn-I-tfmSp bp≤w sNøp-hm≥ Ah¿°v BK-
l-an-s√∂v tamsi hnNm-cn®p (hm.6-˛15). Ah-cpsS ]nXm-
°-∑m¿ ImtZ-iv _¿∂-bn¬ h®v tZiØp ]th-in-°p-
∂Xp kw_-‘n®p bnkm-tb¬ a°sf Ass[-cy-s∏-Sp-
Øn-bn-cp-∂p.
32:16˛42 F∂m¬ tbm¿±m\p ]Sn-™m-dp≈ tZi-
Øn\pth≠n bp≤w sNøp-hm≥ X߃ Xmev]-cy-s∏-Sp-
∂p-sh∂p cqt_-\ycpw KmZycpw aq∂p ]mhiyw Dd-∏p-\-
evIn-b-t∏mƒ tamsi Ahsc AXn-\-\p-h-Zn®p (hm. 16-
˛32). cqt_-\y-cpw, KmZy-cpw, tbmtk-^ns‚ aI-\mb a\-
s»-bpsS ]mXn-tKm-Xhpw Atam-cy-cm-Pm-hmb kotlm
s‚ cmPyhpw, _mim≥ cmPm-hmb HmKns‚ cmPyhpw
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 30,31,32
188
ssI°-em-°n. Ah¿ Dd-∏p≈ ]´-W-ßfpw BSp-Iƒ°p
sXmgp-Øp-Ifpw ]Wn-Xp, AXn-\p-]p-dsa sNdnb ]´-W-
ßfpw AXns‚ Kma-ßfpw ssIb-S°n (hm. 33-˛42).
cqt_-\y-cpw, KmZycpw hnth-I-iq-\y-amb Hcp Xnc-
s™-Sp-∏mWv \S-Øn-b-sX∂v ]ecpw Nn¥n-°p-∂p.
ImcWw tZiw ^e`q-bn-jvT-am-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw
A]ISw hc-Ø-°-hn[w Xpd∂p InS-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw
iXp-°-fpsS BI-a-W-Øn-\p-≈ km[yX IqSp-X-em-bn-
cp-∂p. tbm¿±m≥ \Zn-bpsS kwc-£- Whpw Ah¿°n-√.
cqt_\y tKmXhpw KmZv tKmXhpw (A-h-tcm-sSm∏w
tN¿∂ a\-s»-bpsS ]mXntKm-X-hpw) BWv ]n¬°m-
eØv BZyw Iog-S-°-s∏-´Xpw ]hm-kn-I-fmbn ]nSn-°-
s∏-´-Xpw. adn®v Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ, bnkm-tb¬ a°-fn¬
Bcpw Xs∂ tbm¿±m\p Ing-°p≈ tZiØv Xma-kn-®n-
s√-¶n¬ ]ns∂ B tZiw-sIm-≠v F¥p sNøp-am-bn-
cp∂p? ssZhw Cu tZiw Ah-cpsS Iøn¬ Gev]n-®n´v
AXp ssIh-i-am-°p-hm≥ Ah-tcmSv ]d-™n-cn-°p-I-
bmWv (B-h. 2:24,31,3:2).
H. bnkm-tb¬ ]mf-b-ß-fpsS ]p\-c-h-tem-I\w
(A.33)
33:1˛49 ankbow apX¬ tamhm_v ka-`q-an-h-sc-bp≈
bnkm-tb¬ a°-fpsS bmX-I-fpsS kw£n]vX cq]-
amWv Cu A≤ym-b-Øn-ep-≈-Xv. t\csØ ]kvXm-hn-®n-
´p-≈-Xp-t]mse F√m ]´-W-ßfpw hfsc IrXy-ambn
\n¿Æ-bn-°p-hm≥ C∂v ]bm-k-am-Wv. Cu A≤ymbw hn -
Pn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv Xmsg-]-dbpw ]Im-c-am-Imw. ank-
bo-an¬ \n∂pw ko\mbn ]¿∆-X-Øn-te°v (hm.5˛15).
ko\mbn ]¿∆-X-Øn-¶¬ \n∂v ImtZiv _¿∂-bn-te°v
(hm.16-˛36); ImtZiv _¿∂-bn¬\n∂v tlm¿ ]¿∆-X-Øn-
te°v (hm.37-˛40) tlm¿ ]¿∆-X-Øn¬\n∂pw tamhm_v
ka- q-an-bn-te°v (hm.41- 49). 21- mw A≤ym-b-Øn-te-Xp-t]m-
se, bn-km-tb-¬ ]mf-b-a-Sn® ÿe-ß-fpsS a‰p hnh-c-
W-ß-fp-ambn CXp Xmc-Xayw sNøp-tºmƒ ImW-s∏-Sp-
∂-Xp-t]mse Cu ]´nI ]q¿Æ-a-√.
33:50˛56 I\m≥ \nhm-kn-I-sf-sb√mw ]q¿Æ-ambn
\in-∏n-°p-hm-\m-bn-cp-∂p, tZiw BI-an-°p-hm≥ t]mb
tbm≤m-°-tfmSp ssZhw I-ev]n-®-Xv. C∂sØ P\-ßsf
kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw CXp Iqc-ambn tXm∂n-tb-°mw.
hmkvX-h-Øn¬ temIw I≠n-´p-≈-Xn¬ ht®-‰hpw
A[nIw Aip-≤-cpw, A[m¿Ωn-Icpw, hj-f-∑m-cpamb
Bfp-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p Ch-cpw. Ah-cpsS
`mKØv bmsXmcp am‰-hp-an-√m-sX-bn-cp-∂n-´pw, \m\q-
dn¬]cw h¿j-°mew ssZhw £a-tbmsS Ah-tcmSp CS-
s]-´p. Xs‚ P\w Ahsc sIm∂p-I-f-™n-s√-¶n¬ Ah-
cpsS A[m¿Ωn-I-Xbpw hnK-lm-cm-[-\bpw bnkm-tb-en-
te°v ]I-cp-sa∂v ssZh-Øn-\-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. bnkm-
tb¬ P\sØ amXw sIm∂p If-™m¬ t]mcm-bn-cp-
∂p, adn®v Ah-cpsS hnK-lm-cm-[-\m-]-c-amb F√m tijn-
∏p-Ifpw \in-∏n®p If-b-W-am-bn-cp∂p (hm.52).
I. hmKvZØ tZi-Øns‚ AXn-cp-Iƒ (A.34)
34:1˛15 ssZhw bnkm-tb-en\p hmKvZØw sNbvX
tZiØns‚ AXn-cp-I-fmWv 1˛15 hmIy-ß-fn¬ \evIs∏-
´n-´p-≈-Xv. s]mXp-hn¬ IW-°m-°p-tºmƒ, sXt°
AXn¿ D∏p-I-S-ens‚ (Nm-hp-I-S¬) sXt° A‰w XpSßn
ankbow tXmSp-h-scbpw (\-Zn-b-√) Ahn-sS-\n∂pw saUn-
‰-td-\n-b≥ IS¬ hscbpw hnkvXr-X-am-bn-cp∂p (hm.3-
˛5). alm-k-apZw (sa-Un-‰-td-\n-b≥) Bbn-cp∂p ]Sn-
™msd AXncv (hm.6). hSt° AXn¿ saUn-‰-td-\n-b≥
IS¬ apX¬ tlm¿]¿∆Xw hscbpw (bn-km-tb-ens‚
bmX-I-fn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-´n-cp∂p. tlm¿ ]¿∆-X-a√
CXv). AhnsS \n∂v lmamØv hscbpw, XpS¿∂v lkm¿
G\m≥ apX¬ In∂-tcØv IS¬ hsc (K-eo-e) (17)
Cdßn-s®∂v tbm¿±m≥ \Zn-ap-X¬ D∏p-I-S¬h-scbpw
(Nm-hp-I-S¬) Bbn-cp-∂p (hm.10-˛12). tbm¿±m\p Ing-
°p≈ tZiw t\c-sØ-Ø∂ c≠v -tKm-X-߃°v
hmKvZm\w sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v apI-fn¬ ]kvXm-hn-
®n-cn-°p∂ tZiw _m°n-bp≈ Hº-Xc tKmX-߃°v
Ah-Im-i-ambn e`n®p (hm.13-˛15).
34:16˛29 tZiw hn`m-Kn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ \nb-an-°-s∏-
´-h-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv 16-˛29 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬
ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
J. tehy-cpsS ]´-W-߃ (35:1˛5)
a‰v tKmX-߃s°m∏w tehy¿°v Ah-Imiw e`n-
°m-bvI-sIm≠v \mev]-Øn-sb´p ]´-W-߃ tehy¿
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 33,34,35
a≤y-I-\ms‚ ]cn-kc ]tZ-i-߃
189
°mbn th¿Xn-cn-°-W-sa∂v ssZhw Iev]n-®p. 4,5 hm-Iy-
ß-fn¬ \evI-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ Af-hp-Iƒ a\- n-em-°p-hm≥
]bm-k-am-Wv, F∂m¬ I∂p-Im-en-Isf tabv°p-hm-\p≈
]p¬∏p-d-ß-fm¬ Cu ]´-W-߃ Np‰-s∏-´n-cp∂p F∂p
≈ Imcyw Ipd-™-]£w hy‡-am-Wv. 5˛mw hmIyØn¬
]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ c≠m-bncw apgw, Hcp-]t£ 4˛mw hmIy-
Øn¬ apºv ]d-™n-´p≈ Bbncw apgw IqsS Dƒs]-Sp-
Øn-bp-≈-XmImw.
K. kt¶X \K-c-ßfpw h[-in-£bpw (35:-6˛34)
35:6˛8 tehy-]-´-W-ß-fn¬ BsdÆw kt¶-X-\-K-c-
ß-fmbn Adn-b-s∏- n-cp-∂p. A_-≤-h-im¬ as‰m-cp-Øs\
sIm√p∂ Hcp hy‡nbv°v Cu ] -W-ß-fn¬ H∂n-te°v
HmSn-t∏m-bn, \ymb-hn-kvXm-c-Øn\p-th≠n kpc-£n-X-\m-
bn-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. `q]-tZ-i-߃ IqSp-X-
ep≈ tKmX-߃ AXn-\-\p-k-c-W-ambn tehy¿°p ]´-
W-ßsf sImSp-°-W-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Ipd-hp-≠m-bn-
cp-∂-h¿ A[nIw ]´-W-߃ sImSp-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂n-√.
35:9˛21 tbm¿±m≥ \Zn-bpsS Hmtcm hi-ß-fnepw aq∂p
kt¶-X-\-K-c-߃ hoXw thW-am-bn-cp-∂p. sIme-sN-bvX-
h-s\, sIme-sN-ø-s∏´ hy‡n-bpsS ASpØ Nm¿®-
°m-c≥ km[m-c-W-\n-e-bn¬ ]n≥Xp-S¿∂p ]nSn-°p-hm≥
ian-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. Ah≥ ]Xn-Im-c-I≥ F∂m-W-dn-
b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. sIme-sNbvX-h≥ Hcp kt¶-X-\-K-c-Øn¬
FØn-t®¿∂m¬ Ahs‚ tIkv hnNm-c-Wbv°v FØp-
∂-Xp-hsc Ah≥ AhnsS kpc-£n-X-\m-bn-cn°pw (hm.12).
Hcp sIme-]m-X-I\v kt¶-X-\-K-c-߃ A`b-am-bn-cp-∂n√
(hm.16- 19). ]I-sImt≠m iXpXzw aqetam sIme-sNbvX
hy‡nbv°v h[-in£ hn[n-®n-cp∂p (hm. 20,21).
35:22˛28 Hcp-hs‚ h[w \c-l-Xym-tI-kmbn ImW-
s∏-´m¬ k` B a\p-jys\ hnNmcW sNøpw (hm.22-
˛24). A]-cm-[n-b-s√∂p hn[n-°-s∏-´m¬ alm-]p-tcm-ln-
Xs‚ ac-Ww-h-sc sIme-sN-bvX-h≥ kt¶-X-\-K-c-Øn¬
Xma-kn-t°-Ww. AXn-\p-tijw kz`-h-\-Øn-te°p
aSßn-t∏m-Ip-hm≥ Ahs\ A\p-h-Zn-®n-cp∂p (hm.28).
alm-]p-tcm-ln-Xs‚ ac-W-Øn\p apºv Ah≥ \K-c-Øn\p
shfn-bn¬ t]mIp-hm≥ Hcp-sº-´m¬ c‡ ]Xn-Im-c-I\v
c‡ ]mX-I-an-√msX Ahs\ sIm√p-hm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-
cp-∂p.
kt¶-X-\-K-c-ß-fn-te°v HmSn-t∏m-bn-´p-≈-h¿°v alm-
]p-tcm-ln-Xs‚ acWw kzmX¥yw hcp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.
Ah¿°v c‡-]-Xn-Im-c-I-\m¬ C\n Hcn-°epw lm\n
hcn-I-bn-√. \ymb-]-amW-Øns‚ in£m-h-Im-i-ß-
fn¬\n∂v \ΩpsS tijvT alm-]p-tcm-ln-Xs‚ acWw
\sΩ kzX-¥-cm-°p-∂p. IqinX-\mb \ΩpsS I¿Øm-
hns‚ ]hr-Øn-bpsS Hcp ]XoIw CXn¬ ImWp-hm≥
Ign-bmØ Hcp-hs\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Cu DS-ºSn
FX-amXw hnUvVn-Ø-am-bn-cn-°pw.
]mc-º-cy-amb Nne hni-Zo-I-c-W-߃ A¶¿ \evIp-
∂p.
""blq-Z-d-∫n-am-cpsS A`n-]m-b-a-\p-k-cn-®v, A -bm¿∞n-
bmbn \mSp-hn-Sp∂ Hcp-hs\ klm-bn-t°-≠-Xn\v kt¶-
X-\-K-c-ß-fn-te-°p≈ tdmUp-Iƒ tISp-]m-Sp-Iƒ \o°n
kpK-a-amb- \ne-bn¬ kq£n-°pI F∂Xv k∂nZow
kwL-Øns‚ tPmen-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp Ip∂pw AhnsS
tijn-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. F√m \Zn-Iƒ°pw ]mew
]Wn-tb-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. IqSmsX tdmUp-Iƒ s°√mw
Ipd-™-]£w ap∏-Øn-c≠p apgw hoXn-sb-¶nepw D≠m-
bn-cn-t°-W-am-bn-cp∂p. kt¶Xw F∂ hm°v hln-°p∂
am¿§-\n¿t±iw XqWp-Iƒ F√m hf-hp-I-fnepw thW-am-
bn-cp-∂p. IqSmsX HmSn-t∏m-Ip∂hs\ A\p-[mh-\w-sN-
øp-hm≥ th≠n \nba ]Tn-Xm-°-fmb c≠p t]sc \nb-an-
®n-cp-∂p. ]Xn-Im-c-I≥ A`-bm¿∞n sb adn-I-S-°p-I-bm-
sW-¶n¬ Ig-n-bpsa¶n¬ Ahs\ kzm¥z-\n-∏n-°p-hm≥
th≠n-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv (18).
ZrjvSm¥-am-bp≈ ]T\-]Imcw Nn¥n-®m¬ anin-
lmsb ac-W-Øn-t\-ev]n® bnkm-tb¬P-\-amWv \c-l-
Xy-sN-bvX-h¿. Ah¿ Gsd-°psd Adn-bm-sX-bmWv AXv
sNbvXXv (]-hr. 3:17). Ch¿ sNøp-∂Xv C∂-sX∂v Adn-
bm-bvI-sIm≠v(eq-s°m. 23:34) F∂mWv tbip-I¿Øhv
]m¿∞n-®-Xv. \c-lXy sNbvX-h≥ kz -h-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw
amdn kt¶-X-\-K-c-Øn¬ ]m¿°p-∂-Xp-t]mse bn km-
tb¬ C∂pw ]hm-kn-I-fmbn ]m¿°p-I-bm-Wv. Cu P\-
X-bpsS DS-a-ÿ-Xbn-te-°p≈ ]q¿Æ-amb ]p\-c-[n-hmkw
\S-°p-∂Xv tijvT-a-lm-]p-tcm-ln-Xs‚ ac-W-Øn-¶e√
(ImcWw Ah\v Hcn-°epw acn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√)
t\sc-a-dn®v Ah≥ c-W-Øn-\mbn hcp-tºm-gm-Wv.
35:29˛34 sIme-]m-X-In-Iƒ°v h[-in-£-bmWv Iev]n-
®n-cp-∂-Xv. AXn\p ]mb-›n-Øtam c£m-am¿§tam D≠m-
bn-cp-∂n√ (hm.30,31). \c-lXy sNbvX Hcp-h\v kt¶-X-
\-K-c-Øn¬ \n∂pw tamN\w tNmZn®p taSn-°p-hm≥ Ign-
bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. (hm.32). sIme-]m-X-I-Øn¬ sNmcn-b-s∏´
c‡w tZisØ aen-\-am-°n-b-Xn-\m¬ B c‡-Øn\v
sIme-]m-X-Is‚ ac-W-amWv Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
(hm.33,34). InkvXp-hns‚ ac-W-tØmSp _‘-s∏-SpØn
CXn-s\-°p-dn®v Nn¥n-°p-I.
L. hnhm-ln-X-cmb ]pXn-am¿°p≈ ]c-º-cm-KX
Ah-Imiw (A.36).
tbm¿±m\p Ing-°p≈ Kne-bm-Zn¬ Xma-k-ap-d-∏n® a\-
s»-bpsS ]mXn-tKm-X-Ønse ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ Hcp ]iv\-
ambn tami-bpsS ASp-sØ-Øn. (kw-Jy. 27:1 `mK-߃
ImWp-I). sitem-^-lm-Zns‚ ]pXn-am¿ A\y-tKm-X-ß-
fn-ep≈ ]pcp-j-∑msc hnhmlw sNbvXm¬ ,A-h-cpsS
Ah-Imiw a‰p tKmX-ß-fnte°v s]mbvt∏m-Ipw. a‰p
tKmX-ß-fn-te-°p≈ am‰w tbmt_¬ kwh-’cw
]q¿Øn-bm°pw (hm.4). tZiw Ah-Im-i-ambn e`n® B
kvXoIƒ Xß-fpsS tKmX-Øn¬ \n∂p amXta
hnhmlw sNøp-hm≥ ]mSp≈p F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p AXn-
\p≈ ]cn-lm-c-am¿§w. Aß-s\-bm-hp-tºmƒ Hcp tKmX-
Øn¬\n∂p as‰m-cp-h-\n-te°v tZiw ssIam‰w sNø-s∏-
Sp-I-bn√ (hm.5-˛11). a\s» tKmX-Øn¬\n∂pw Xs∂
hnhmlw Ign-®p-sIm≠v sitem-^-lm-Zns‚ ]pXn-am¿
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 35,36
190
AX-\p-k-cn®p (hm.10-˛12). 26-˛-mw A≤ymbw apX-ep≈
`mK-߃ 13-˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ kwt£-]n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
FSpØp ]d-b-Ø° aq∂p Imcy-߃ kwJym-]p-kvX-
I-Øn-ep-≠v.
1. a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-Ønse Ahn-izm-khpw AXn-t\m-
S-\p-_-‘n-®p≈ ZpjvS-Xbpw
2. IcpW Iq´n-I-e¿Ø-s∏´ btlm-h-bpsS hnip≤n
3. ]m]n-I-fmb a\p-jy¿°pw hnip-≤-\mb ssZh-
Øn\pw at≤y CS-\n-e-°m-c-\mbpw a≤y-ÿ-\mbpw
h¿Øn-°p∂ ssZh-Øns‚ a\p-jy≥(-tam-si)
kwJym-]p-kvXIw Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-\p-ti-jhpw a\p-jy-lr-
Z-b-Øn\p am‰-an-√. AXp-t]mse ssZh-Øns‚ hnip-
≤nbv°pw Icp-Wbv°pw am‰-ap-≠m-bn-√. F∂m¬ tamsi
Xs‚ s]mcp-fmb I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hn-\m¬
]p\x-ÿm-]n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. bnkm-tb-ens‚ kz`m-h-
Kp-W-am-bn-cp∂ ]m]w h¿÷n-°p-hm-\p≈ i‡n Ah-
\n¬ \ap-°p-≠v. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Ah¿ ]mX-cm-bn-
Øo¿∂ ssZh-Øn-s‚ AXr]vXn Hgn-hm-°p-hm\pw
\ap°p Ign-bpw. \mw CXp-hsc ]Tn-®n-´p≈ Imcy-ßfn
¬\n∂pw \ap°p t\´-ap-≠m-tI-≠-Xn\v CXv ZrjvSm-¥-
am-bn´v Ah¿° kw`-hn-®p, temIm-h-km\w hs∂-Øn-
bn-cn-°p∂ \ap°p _p≤n-bp-]-tZ-i-Øn-\mbn Fgp-Xn-bp-
an-cn-°p∂p (1-sIm-cn. 10:11) F∂p \mw a\- n-em°Ww.
ENDNOTES
1(Intro) W. Graham Scroggie, Know your Bible,Vol,1, The Old Testament, p 35.
2(3:14-39) George williams, The Student’sCommentary on the Holy Scriptures, p.80
3(4:4-20)C.F Keil and F. Delitzsch “Numbers,” inBiblical Commentary on the Od Testament, III:25.
4(6:1-8) Williams, Student’s Commentary, p.82
5(6:24-26)D.L.Moody, Notes from My Bible, p.41.
6(10:29-32) Quoted by John W. Haley, AllegedDiscrepancies of the Bible, p.431.
7 (11:16,17) In Moses, defense the following pointsare worth nothing (1) God rather encourages Moses,promising him that after the seventy were endued withHis Spirit, they would Share his burden; (3) GodHimself answers his need; (4) Moses was leading upto 2,000,000 complaining and unspiritual people; (5)verse 17 does not indicate a decrease in Moses’enduement with the Spirit, but rather a distribution ofthe same Spirit to the seventy.
8(11:31 -35) See International Standard BibleEncyclopedia under “Quails,” IV:2512.
9(12:3) It is always possible that an inspired editor(such as Joshua) added these words later.
10(12:11-16)Keil and Delitzsch, “Numbers,”III:81.
11(19:11-19)J. Williams, Students Commentary,p.88.
12(9:11-19) J. G. Mantle, Better Things,p.109.
13(20:10-13) G. Campbell Morgan, Searchlightfrom the Word,pp47-48.
14(20:22-29)Matthew Henry’s Commentary on theWhole Bible, 1:662.
15(25:4-8a) Samuel Ridout, The Pentateuch, p.253.
16(26:1-51) Chinnereth (pronounced Kin-) isHebrew for harp, named from the shape of the Seaof the Galilee.
18(35:22-28)Merrill F. Unger, Unger’s BibleDictionary, p.208.
kwJym-]p-kvXIw 36
191
NOTES