Filippos BALASISTANAKA LAB2013. 10.2

Catching Up With The Global Bandwidth Demand: 2023 And

Beyond

Outline

1

•Global Internet Traffic Forecast

2

•Future Services and Applications

3

•Transmission Speed Forecast & Records

4

•Novel Photonic Technologies

5

•Architecture of Future Optical Networks

6

•Conclusion

2

Global Internet Traffic Forecast

3

Global Internet Traffic in 2023

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Year Global Internet Traffic

1992 100 Gigabytes per Day

1997 100 Gigabytes per Hour

2002 100 Gigabytes per Second

2007 2000 Gigabytes per Second

2012 12000 Gigabytes per Second

2017 35000 Gigabytes per Second

2023 >70000 Gigabytes per

Second

Bandwidth Hungry Services & Applications (1/3)

5

More and more users will rely on cloud computing for:

1. Storage

2. Gaming

3. Sheer computation power

Bandwidth Hungry Services & Applications (2/3)

6

All multimedia content distributed through Internet (audio, video, gaming etc) will surpass standard HD resolution (1080p). NHK is already discussing 16K signal broadcasting for Tokyo Olympics 2020.

Bandwidth Hungry Services & Applications (3/3)

7

In 10 years it is almost certain that new innovative applications and services will surface that will boost the Internet traffic and burden the network infrastructure even more.

Forecast of Broadband Speed by Region

8

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2023 CAGRGlobal 11 15 19 25 32 39 220 28%Asia Pacific 11 14 19 25 33 41 271 31%Latin America 4 6 7 9 11 13 49 21%North America 13 16 20 25 31 38 171 24%Western Europe 13 17 21 28 36 43 229 27%Central and Eastern Europe 13 16 20 26 32 40 191 25%Middle East and Africa 4 4 5 6 7 8 24 17%

Trend of Connectivity

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Internet Traffic from Wireless and Mobile Devices Will Surpassthe Volume of Traffic from Wired Devices by 2017.

Today’s Speed Records

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Mobile Data: 10Gbps (Tokyo Institute of Technology and NTT Docomo – December of 2012)

Fixed Wireless Transmission (with free-space optics) : 40Gbps up to 1 km (Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics & Karlsruhe Institute for Technology – May of 2013)

Wired Transmission: i) 31Tbps (155x200Gbps) over 7,200 km fibre cable (Alcatel-Lucent – July of 2013)

ii) 1Pbps (12x222x380Gbps) over 52 km fibre cable (NTT – September of 2012)

Optical Fibre Transmission – Is it Enough?

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Optical fibre networks will undoubtedly be the cornerstone for future telecommunications but the global Internet traffic in ten years from now will exhaust the current bandwidth resources.

We need more advanced transmission technology as well as a more efficient architecture.

Novel Technologies in Transmission

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New types of fibre (eg. multicore fibre)

New modulation formats (OFDM, high-order phase modulation)

Twisted light transmission

Future Optical Photonic Devices

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All-optical 3R regenerators

Wavelength converters

Optical buffers and circuits for routing and switching in the optical layer

From Static to Dynamic Optical Network

Static Case: Each fibre link supports connections (lightpaths) with stable data rate that remain active the whole time.

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Dynamic Case: Each connection (lightpath) can be dynamically set-up with varying data rate and duration

Elastic and Cognitive Optical Networks

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An elastic optical network provides flexible bandwidth allocation that depends on the clients’ demands.

A cognitive optical network is a network with a process that can process its current conditions, and then plan, decide, and act on those conditions. The network can learn from these adaptations and use them to make future decisions, all while taking into account quality of transmission (QoT) and quality of service (QoS) constraints.

Goal of my Research

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Propose novel techniques for flexible and dynamically reconfigurable optical networks that should address the following issues:

1. How to route new traffic demands? By existing optical connections (lightpaths) or by reconfiguring the virtual topology (i.e., by rearranging existing connections)?

2. How to assign resources? Not only wavelengths or spectrum, but also the most appropriate transmission/switching technique, modulation format, bit-rate, etc.

3. How to ensure energy-efficient operation?

Conclusion

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Despite the trend of every of every communication service offered to the end user becoming wireless, eventually all the Internet traffic will still be forwarded and carried through the backbone optical networks.

For the future optical networks besides the advancements in optical transmissions and photonic devices we also need new architectures that will provide more efficient usage of the resources.

Thank you for your attention!

Thank you for your attention!

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