INDEX1. The Fundamental Virtues of Five Parmeshties2. Right Perception (Samyak Darshan)3. Matter (Dravya)4. Doctrine & Substance (Tatva & Padartha)5. Deed (Karma)6. Ratnatraya & Path of Salvation7. Edibles & Non-Edibles8. The Twelve Vows of Shravaka9. Eleven Pratimas of Shravaka10. Twelve Meditative States (Barah Bhavana/Barah Anupreksha)11. Dashadharma12. Sixteen Spiritual Reflections (Solahkaran Bhavana)13. Aura (Leshya) 14. Contemplation (Dhyan)15. Steps In Spiritual Development (Gunasthana)

* Appendix - Time Period for Purification of Sutaka-Pataka* Our Regular Duties

COMMENDATION OF JINWAANI( Jinvaanee Stutee)

Prabhudev Tumhare Pavitra Mukh Se,Nisrut Jo Sheetal Wani l

Jag Jan Man Ke Mal Ko DhoteeAtaha Kahati Jinwaani ll

Jaywanto Maa Jag Me Tab Tak,Jab Tak Suraj Chand Rahe ll

Shish Navate Karma Haron Maa,Ab Tak Hum Vishyandh Rahe lAb Hum Na Vishyandh Rahe ll

REVERENTIAL OBEISANCE TO PRECEPTOR(Guru Vandana)

Vidyasagar Vishwa Vandya Shramanam, Bhaktya Sada Sanstuwe lSarwoccham Yaminam Vinamya Paramam, Sarwarth Siddhi Pradam ll

Gyan Dhyan Tapobhirakt Munipam, Vishwasya Vishwashrayam lSakaram Shramanam Vishal Rudayam, Satyam Shivam Sundaram ll

Vidya Guru Vandanam ………………

Maharajji sandesh

When we look at this extensive world, we find most of the lives are suffered from numerous griefs. Many births of transmigratory jeeva had been passed in search of pleasure through different materials. No doubt the jeeva experiences a lot of physical pleasures during those births but he is not aware that those physical pleasures are nothing but mirages. On the contrary due to attachment towards materials he becomes addicted to those mirages. Such a jeeva never experiences even a bit of real pleasure. Instead he commits sinful deeds due to unsatisfaction in physical pleasures which again acts as fuel for transmigration. Wrong beliefs, nescience & incontinence had desisted the soul from real belief i.e. Samyaktwa. In short they never allowed the soul to experience eternal peak pleasure.

Due to nescience a jeeva ridiculously thinks that there is somebody who gives us happiness & griefs. In fact each & every being in this transmigratory world is bound by the formula of karmas. The happiness & griefs are based on our karmas & not on the destiny. To vanish the series of karmas the right knowledge i.e. Samyak Gyan is indispensable which cannot be obtained without right belief. Such a right belief can be attained through study of real scriptures. It improves knowledge ascetism & realizes worthlessness of this transmigratory world. Wealth is not an appliance to get pleasure; in fact it is the religion. Wealth takes care of physical body while religion is responsible for spiritual development & salvation.

It’s our great fortune that presently we are in human destinity, in addition we are Jain. The main aim of the scripture ‘Jinsanskar’ is to make aware everybody that we are humans & we must take benefit of it for development of knowledge & self upliftment. As during constellation of Swatee a drop of water in bivalve shell converts into pearl, the drops full of knowledge from divine speech of Lord Jinendra enter into the shell of soul which causes that common soul to attain the eternal peak pleasure.

- Muni Shree P. P. 108 Akshaysagarji Maharaj

PRAYER

Jeevan hum aadarsh banayen, Anushashan ke niyam nibhayen lVeetraag jindev bhajenge, Jinwaani anusharan karenge lParam digamber muni pujenge, Un par shraddha bhakti badhayen lJeevan hum aadarsh banayen, Anushashan ke niyam nibhayen ll1llSada badon ki vinay karenge, Choton ke prati prem rakhenge lSabse milkar nek banenge, Shakti ekta ki dikhlayen lJeevan hum aadarsh banayen, Anushashan ke niyam nibhayen ll2llGuru upkaar nahi bhulenge, Guru sanket se shiksha lenge lVinay namrata nahi bhulenge, Dheeraj samata ko apnayen lJeevan hum aadarsh banayen, Anushashan ke niyam nibhayen ll3llRatri bhojan nahi karenge, Chaan ke panee sada piyenge lPrabhu ke darshan nitya karenge, inke hi gungan ko gayen lJeevan hum aadarsh banayen, Anushashan ke niyam nibhayen ll4llKabhi kisise nahi ladenge, prem bhav hum sada rakhenge lDukhiyon par hum daya karenge, Unki seva kar hum sukh payen lJeevan hum aadarsh banayen, Anushashan ke niyam nibhayen ll5llChuglee bhee hum nahi karenge, Bina diye kuch chees na lenge lKhoti sangat sada tajenge, Sapt vyasan ko door bhagayen lJeevan hum aadarsh banayen, Anushashan ke niyam nibhayen ll6ll

ll Shree Veetragay Namaha ll

PREFACE

Since eternity, the Jeeva is wobbling among four destinities due to wrong faith, nescience & incontinence. Until nescience is eliminated, we cannot escape from wrong faith & incontinence. Due to nescience, the Jeeva has indulged itself to fulfill sensual enjoyments of its panchendriyas i.e. five sense organs, because it firmly believes that pleasure in life is nothing but satisfaction of sensual enjoyments of five sense organs & lack of pain as well. On the contrary, passionless (Veetraagi) supreme souls preach that it is never possible to get real pleasure in this transmigratory world. The actual peace & pleasure lies in the way followed by passionless Jinendra Bhagwan. Jin means who wins. They are holy souls which had defeated panchendriyas & achieved sustainable, eternal pleasure. What is the way to become passionless supreme soul? What is the process to gain their virtues? What is their form? All these expedient questions are answered in divine speech deliberated by passionless supreme souls called Jinvani. Jinvani is like unending ocean. It is the only root cause for upliftment of our soul. Now days this delusious jeeva is entangled in sensual enjoyments. It has no time to worship the real god, the real preceptor & the real scripture. It has no time to understand real eye opener philosophy. That was the need to formulate this literature to guide such delusious false believing nescience & incontinent jeevas. This literature will guide about nature of Jain religion & the ways to get enroll in it.The disciple of Acharya Pravar Shree 108 Vidyasagrji Maharaj, Munishree 108 Akshaysagarji had made it available. This book includes an extract of deep thinking & indepth study. It will definitely create an impact on each jeeva regarding Jain rituals. Topics in this book are scrutinized & are up to the point. Hence nomenclature of this book as ‘Jin Sanskar’ is appreciable.I feel enlightened to publish this book on behalf of Shanti-Vidya Gyan Sanvardhan Samiti’s Kalyanodaya Swadhyay Mandal. I express my sincere gratitude to all those donors who contributed their rational money for this noble purpose. Also I am thankful to couple of celibates, Bal Brahmchari Shree. Vakil Paraj (B.Sc. LL.M.) from Danoli & Bal Bramhachari Shree. Mahaveer Patil (M.B.A.) from Chinchwad for proof reading & valuable support for Jinsanskar Part-1 & Jinsanskar Part-2 respectively. Last but not least I am also thankful to DTP setters & all related virtuous people for their kind assistance.

At the end I pray to the holy & almighty supreme soul that all the Jeevas who read this condensed but concentrated book ‘Jin Sanskar’ may attain Keval Gyan by vanishing all karmas which create hindrance to be an omniscient! j Namaha!

Mahavir K. PatilKalyanodaya Swadhyay MandalJaysingpur.

LESSON 1THE FUNDAMENTAL VIRTUES OF FIVE PARMESHTHIES(Mulgunas of Panch Parmeshti)

Those who are greatest in spiritual status of soul, virtues & bowed down by all kings, emperors, monarchs & Indras (king of deities) are called Parmeshties OR Those who remain engrossed in the supreme status are called Parmeshties.There are five Parmeshties1] Arihant 2] Siddha 3] Aacharya 4] Upaadhyaay 5] Sadhu1] Arihant ParmeshtiThose who have destroyed the four destructive (ghatiya) karmas like Gyanavarniya, Darshanavarniya, Mohaniya & Antaraya & who possess 46 fundamental virtues (mulgunas) & who are free from 18 follies like hunger, thirst are called Devadhidev i.e. God of God & they are Arihant Parmeshti. 46 Mulgunas of Arihant Parmeshti-The 46 mulgunas consist 34 Atishayas (Excellences), 8 Pratiharyas (auspicious emblems) & 4 Anant Chatushtayas, Total 46.34 Atishayas include 10 Atishayas of birth time, 10 of Kevalgyan (state of omniscient) & of 14 of Devakruta (by celestial beings)

Atishaya (Excellences)- Atishayas are the amazing, miraculous & attractive things which are not found in common people.10 Atishaya s of birth time -1] Extremely beautiful body2] Divine fragrance in body3] Free from sweat4] free from urine, stool5] Having benevolent & beloved speech (words)6] Incomparable power7] Having white blood, like milk8] 1008 auspicious signs on body9] Body with highly proportionate shape (Samachaturasra Sansthan)10] Body as strong as thunderbolt (Vajravrishabh narach Sanhanan)

10 Excellences of omniscience-1] Opulence of food up to hundred yojans in all four directions around the Bhagwan (omniscient).

(1 yojan = 4 kosa, 1 kosa = 2 miles, 1 mile = 1.5 km)2] Akashgaman - Mobility/walking through space.3] Chaturdisha mukha - The four sided face. The face appears from all the four sides.4] Absence of violence- His moving body does not harm anybody.5] No harassment.6] No intake of food.7] Master of all knowledges.8] No growth of hair & nails.9] No blinking of eye-lids.10] Shadowless body.

14 Excellences performed by deities -1] Divine speech of the lord in Ardhamagadhi language.2] Love & affection among all the living beings.3] Freshness & purity in all directions.4] Freshness & purity in the sky/environment/space.5] Presence of fruits, flowers & grains of all seasons.6] The crystal clarity of the earth up to 1 yojan.7] The formation of golden lotuses under the feet of lord while moving.8] The sound (slogan) of ‘Jay Jay’ in the space.9] The slow blowing fragrant air.10] The shower of fragrant water.11] The making of thornless earth by the God Pavankumar (God of wind).12] The happy state of all living beings.13] The moving of Dharma chakra in front of Lord.14] The accompanying of 8 auspicious like - Chhatra, chamar, kalash, zari, flag, fan, swastika & mirror.These are the 34 excellences of Lord Arihant. The Pratiharyas state the glory of Lord & they are specially formed signs by celestial bodies.There are 8 Pratiharyas -1] Tree of Ashok 2] Throne(Sinhasan) studded with jewels3] Three Parasouls (Chatras) 4] Bhamandal (divine aura)5] 64 Chamaras 6] Shower of flowers7] Divine trumpet of celestial beings 8] Divine sound

Anant Chatushtaya/ Four Infinite Virtues :The qualities attained by destroying four ghati (destructive) karmas are known as Anant chatushtaya.1] Anant darshan (Infinite perception) 2] Anant gyan (Infinite knowledge)3] Anant sukh (Infinite pleasure) 4] Anant veerya (Infinite power)Thus, 34 excellences, 8 auspicious emblems & 4 anant chatushtayas together make 46 fundamental virtues of Lord Arihant.

2] Siddha Parmeshti Those who have become free from the bondage of life cycle (of birth & death) by destroying 8 karmas & therefore who never return back to this transmigratory world are called Siddha Parmeshti. They have destroyed 8 karmas like Gyanavarniya etc bound with soul since time immemorial using bright fire of deep severe contemplation.Eight virtues of Siddha Parmeshti -1] Kshayik Samyaktva (permanent topmost Samyaktva)2] Anant darshan (infinite perception)3] Anant gyan (infinite knowledge)4] Anant veerya (infinite power)5] Aguru laghutva- State of non-growing (into big or small)6] Avagahantva- State of accommodating, providing space7] Sukshmatva- State of being micro8] Avyabadhatva- State of non-prohibitingDestruction of karmas & fruitfulness - 1] Destruction of Gyanavarniya karma - Infinite knowledge 2] Destruction of Darshanavarniya karma - Perception3] Destruction of Mohaniya karma - Kshayik Samyaktva4] Destruction of Antarai karma – Anant veerya5] Destruction of Vedniya karma - Avyabadhatva6] Destruction of Naam karma - Sukshmatva7] Destruction of Gotra karma - Agurulaghtva8] Destruction of Aayu karma - Avagahanatva

3] Aacharya ParmeshtiThose who follow Panchachar (Darshanachar, Gyanachar, Charitrachar, Tapachar, Veeryachar) themselves & get it observed or followed by other saints are known as Aacharya. They are the leaders of the team. They give dikshas &

expiation to their disciples in case. They follow 36 mulgunas (fundamental virtues).36 mulgunas of Acharya Parmeshti12 types of austerities, 10 dharmas, 5 aachars (conducts), 6 essentials & 3 restraints/self controls. Austerity means heating the body by controlling desires for the destruction of karmas. It is of 12 kinds - 6 internal austerities & 6 external austerities. External austerities (Bahya tapa)1] Anshan tapa - Renunciation of four kinds of food.2] Unodar tapa - Consuming less amount of food than hunger.3] Vruttiparisankhyan - Making specific determination while moving out for aahar (meal).4] Rasaparityaga - Renunciation of one or more rasas (tastes) like ghee, milk, curd, sugar, salt & oil.5] Viviktashayyasan - To sit or sleep in the lonely & sacred place for swadhyay (self study) & contemplation.6] Kayklesh tapa - To bear heat & cold for reducing the attachments/affections towards body.Internal austerities (Antarang tapa)7] Prayaschita tapa - To accept the expiation for the refining of vows & follies committed earlier.8] Vinay tapa - To respect or gratitude the Ratnatraya or it’s follower.9] Vaiyavrutta tapa - To serve the saints or diseased.10] Swadhyay tapa - To read or teach the aagam (Real scriptures).11] Vyutsarga tapa - To give up the attachments towards body.12] Dhyan tapa - To remain engrossed in musing.10 Dharmas1] Uttam Kshama - Not to get angry even though the cause of anger exists.2] Uttam Mardava - Not to feel pride of best lineage, knowledge, power etc.3] Uttam Aarjava - Not to make pretence.4] Uttam Shouch - To purify the soul by renouncing greed.5] Uttam Satya - To speak the limited, benevolent sweet words by renouncing affectionate lie.6] Uttam Sanyam - To keep control on mind & organs of sense & to protect the Shatkayika jeeva (six types of living beings).7] Uttam Tapa - To do the 12 types of austerities for karma nirjara (i.e. deduction in karmas)

8] Uttam Tyaga - To perform 4 types of donations without keeping the desire of publicity or backfavour or donate knowledge etc to the jeevas which have continence.9] Uttam Akinchanya - To renounce the attachmental feelings about other’s belongings.10] Uttam Bramhacharya - To remain engrossed in the pure state of soul by renouncing contacts with females.Panchachars & Three GuptisThe conducts which are followed with perfection are known as aachar.Panchachars are the five kinds of special right conducts observed by Jain Aacharyas. They include -Darshanachar, Gyanachar, Charitrachar, Tapachar, Veeryachar.1] Darshanachar - To follow the Samyak darshan (right perception) flawlessly including Nishankit etc 8 sides without 25 follies.2] Gyanachar - To enhance the Samyak gyan (right knowledge) & remove its follies.3] Charitrachar - To purify Samyak charitra (right conduct).4] Tapachar - To enhance austerity.5] Veeryachar - To manifest self power.GuptisGupti means restraints or self control which keeps away from mundane activities & protects the soul. There are three Guptis -1] Manogupti - To keep control over mind or to keep it away from affections & hatred.2] Vachangupti - To keep control over speech.3] Kayagupti - To renounce the physical activities or to keep control over body.Six EssentialsThe activities which are necessary to perform everyday are called essentials (aavashyaks). There are six aavashyaks.1] Samata (equanimity) 2] Vandana (bowing down)3] Stuti (praising) 4] Pratikraman (expiatory recitals)5] Pratyakhyan 6] Kayotsarga1] Samata - To keep equal feelings about all living beings.2] Vandana - To bow down to Panch Parmeshti or to any one of them.3] Stuti - To praise the 24 Teerthankaras4] Pratikraman - To criticize the follies made by self while observing vows.

5] Pratyakhyan - To renounce the follies or to swear not to commit any follies in future.6] Kayotsarga - To meditate in standing position & renouncing the attachments towards body.4] Upaadhyaay ParmeshtiThose who have knowledge of 11 Angas & 14 Purvas, remain engrossed in study of scriptures by obeying Ratnatraya & preach others & who possess 25 mulgunas are Upaadhyaay Parmeshti.11 Angas1] Aacharanga 2] Sutranga 3] Sthananga4] Samvayanga 5] Vyakhyapradnyapti 6] Gyatrukathanga7] Upasakadhyayananga 8] Antakrutdashanga 9] Anuttaroppadik dashanga10] Prashnavyakarananga 11] Vipaksutranga14 Purvas1] Utpadpurva 2] Agrayaneepurva 3] Veeryanuvadpurva4] Asti-nasti pravadpurva5] Gyanpravadpurva 6] Satyapravadpurva 7] Atmapravadpurva 8] Karmapravadpurva 9] Pratyakhyanpurva10] Vidhanuvadpurva 11] Kalyanaanuvadpurva 12] Prananuvadpurva13] Kriyavishalpurva 14] Lokbindusarpurva5] Sadhu ParameshtiThe ascetics who have 28 fundamental virtues (mulgunas) & remain engrossed in knowledge, contemplation & penance by being unattached with beginning possessiveness are called Sadhu Parmeshti. Shraman, muni, anagar, yati are the other names of them.28 Fundamental virtues (Mulgunas)5 Major vows, 5 samitis, 5 conquerings over organs of sense, 6 essentials, 7 special virtues.5 Major vows (Mahavratas)The rules which are followed throughout the life are called as major vows/Mahavratas OR The rules which are followed by dignitary saints are known as major vows/Mahavratas. The five types of sins are renounced throughout life by mind-speech-body. Ahinsa (Non-violence), Satya (Truth), Achourya (Non-stealing), Bramhacharya (Celibacy) & Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness) are the five major vows.1] Ahinsa mahavrata is to renounce the violence completely by mind, speech & body.2] Satya mahavrata is to renounce the lie completely by mind, speech & body.

3] Achourya mahavrata is to renounce the stealing completely by mind, speech & body.4] Bramhacharya mahavrata is to renounce the discourse completely by mind, speech & body.5] Aparigraha mahavrata is to renounce the possessiveness completely by mind, speech & body.5 SamitisTo keep consciousness/alertness in behavior is samiti. There are five samitis namely Irya, Bhasha, Eshna, Adan Nikshepan & Pratishthapana.1] Irya samiti – To walk carefully by watching the floor up to the distance of 4 hands to prevent violence under feet.2] Bhasha samiti – To speak limited, benevolent & sweet speech.3] Eshana samiti – To take the pure food once in a day.4] Adan Nikshepan samiti – To lift & keep the scriptures, kamandal etc carefully by observance.5] Pratishthapana samiti – To excrete urine & stool on the land deprived of any kind of life.Conquering five organs of senseTo keep control over the five organs of sense by renouncing affections & hateredness.1] Sparshan indriya Sanyam (Continence over skin/touch)2] Rasana indriya Sanyam (Continence over tongue/taste)3] Ghrana indriya Sanyam (Continence over nose/smell)4] Chakshu indriya Sanyam (Continence over eyes/sight)5] Karna indriya Sanyam (Continence over ears/sound)6 Essentials1] Samata (Equality) 2] Vandana (Bowing down) 3] Stuti (Praising)4] Pratikraman (Expiatory recitals) 5] Pratyakhyan 6] Kayotsarga7 Special Virtues1] Asnan vrata - To renounce bath.2] Adantadhavan - Not to brush teeth.3] Keshlonch - To pluck the hair of head & mustache by own hands.4] Nagnatva - To be a sky clad by renouncing clothes.5] Bhushayan - To rest on the pure-clean land, wooden plank, mat or stone.6] Sthitee bhojan - To accept the food in the hands in standing posture.7] Ek bhukti - To take food only once in a day (i.e. in 24 hrs).

LESSON 2RIGHT PERCEPTION(Samyak Darshan)

Transmigration is miserable. The reason of misery is our bad deeds. Dharma/religion is necessary to get rid of that misery & to achieve eternal pleasure. The destruction of karma (i.e. Nirjara) is not possible without Dharma.Dharma is the power which saves, protects & is able to uplift the soul from the cycle of transmigration. Right perception is the first step of an abode of salvation, a treasure of incomparable pleasure, the root cause of all bliss, the ship the ocean of transmigration. Right perception is the nectar & main root pillar of Dharma. Right Perception (Samyak Darshan)Darshan means ‘Trust’ or ‘Belief’. Proper perception is called Samyak darshan which means to have a faith in real God, scripture & preceptor. It includes faith with 8 angas (sides) void of 3 follies & 8 prides.Types of Right Perception (Samyak Darshan)1] Sarag samyak darshan2] Veetrag samyak darshan1] Sarag samyak darshan – The right perception with affection towards dharma is called Sarag samyak darshan.2] Veetrag samyak darshan – Totally affectionless samyak darshan is called Veetrag samyak darshan.Samyak darshan has eight angas/sides & is devoid of 25 follies. As the body remains incomplete without 8 parts or an incantation missing a single word cannot cure poisoning, so does samyak darshan remains incomplete even without a single anga.8 Angas/Sides of Samyak Darshan

Anga Nature Symbol1 Nishankit anga To have a firm belief with no doubts

in doctrines & path preached by Lord Jinendra

Right leg

2 Nikankshit anga Not to have mundane desires while practicing dharma

Left leg

3 Nirvichikitsa anga Not to have hatred for the body of saints which is impure naturally but is holy due to possession of Ratnatraya

Left hand

4 Amudhdrishti anga Not to praise the wrong path Right hand

OR Show modesty towards the followers of wrong path.

5 Upguhan anga To keep the dharma & virtuous people away from the blame if any.

Seats

6 Sthithikaran anga To reinstate in the path of dharma if anyone is going astray from right perception

Back

7 Vatsalya anga To respect the virtuous people duly with religious affections without any delusion

Heart

8 Prabhavana anga To glorify the importance of true religion by eliminating the darkness of nescience

Head

25 Faults regarding Samyak DarshanThe samyak drishti must stay away from 8 defects, 8 prides, 6 Anayatanas & 3 follies.8 Defects1] Shanka (Doubt) - To have doubts regarding the path of salvation & the doctrines preached by Lord Jinendra.2] Kanksha (Desire) - To have desires of sensual pleasures while performing religious activities.3] Vichikitsa (Disgust) - To feel disgust for the stench bodies of sky clad saints/munis.4] Mudhdrishti (Folly) - To have faith in non-principle things.5] Anupguhan (Reveal) - To hide own vices & reveal others vices OR vice versa.6] Asthithikaran – Not to reinstate the religious persons wavering from his right perception on some account.7] Avatsalya – To be jealous of instead of loving co-religious or virtuous people.8] Aprabhavana – To stigmatize Jainism by improper behavior against the set code of conduct.8 Prides1] Gyan mada (Pride of knowledge) 2] Pooja mada (Pride of worship)3] Kul mada (Pride of father’s lineage) 4] Jaati mada (Pride of mother’s lineage)4] Bal mada (Pride of body power) 6] Riddhi mada (Pride of supernatural power)7] Tapa mada (Pride of austerities) 8] Roop mada (Pride of beauty)

AnayatanIt is the place of wrong faith & Adharma (non-religiousness). They are six –1] False God 2] False scripture 3] False preceptor 4] Followers of false God5] Followers of false scripture 6] Followers of false preceptor3 Follies (3 kinds of foolishness)1] Lok mudhata – To consider purification of soul merely by bathing in the rivers like Ganges, the Narmada or meaningless activities like worshipping money, vehicles, well, trees etc which are not related to real spirituality at all are called Lok mudhata. 2] Dev mudhata – To worship the passionate Gods & Goddesses with expectations of bliss or worldly pleasures is called Dev mudhata.3] Guru mudhata – To respect the saints whose indulgence in beginnings possessiveness & violence makes their followers to wander in this transmigratory world.Mithyatva (Adharma/Non-religiousness)The general meaning of mithyatva is association with falsehood. The word mithya has three meanings – 1] False 2] Opposite 3] Purposeless.The act or deed which is done in wrong or immoral way or after doing which it does not result in mental peace or satisfaction is called mithya.In Jainism, initially five gross sins are given up like mithyatva, seven bad habits etc. Thereafter fine sins are given up. The Sanveg (fear of sin) keeps the soul away from getting immersed in to the ocean of sorrow.Mithyadrishti (One with false attitude) Those who believe the God with flaws, religion with violence & saints with possessions are called mithyadrishti OR Those who do not believe flawless real God, real scripture or real preceptors (Nirgranthas) are called mithyadrishties.Kinds of Mithyatva 1] Gruhit mithyatva - It is acquired due to preaching by other mithyadrishties.2] Agruhit mithyatva - The one which happens due to fruition of Darshan mohniya karma & due to consecrations (sanskars) since time immemorial.Five Kinds of Gruhit Mithyatva 1] Ekant mithyatva 2] Viparit mithyatva 3] Vinay mithyatva 4] Sanshay mithyatva 5] Agyan mithyatva 1] Ekant mithyatva – It means to trust or state the things without considering it’s opposite side.E.g. A jeeva is always eternal or always momentary.2] Viparit mithyatva – It means to state or believe the things contradictorily.

E.g. To have a faith in emancipation of women, to have a faith in possessiveness of saints. 3] Vinay mithyatva - It means to believe or respect all the Gods, religions & preceptors equally.E.g. Believing Gods with passion-without passion, preceptors with possessions-without possessions, religion with violence –without violence.4] Sanshay mithyatva - It means to suspect that whether there is dharma in violence or in non-violence? It also includes non-acceptance of right side.E.g. Whether the heaven & hell exist or not? 5] Agyan mithyatva – It means absence of conscience.Mithya Darshan, Mithya Gyan, Mithya CharitraSamyak darshan (right perception), Samyak gyan (right knowledge) & Samyak charitra (right conduct) is the genuine Dharma (religion). On the contrary mithya darshan (wrong perception), mithya gyan (wrong knowledge) & mithya charitra (wrong conduct) is the Adharma (non-religion). The path of transmigration is the path of delusion.1] Mithya Darshan - To have no faith in the principles or to have contradictory faith in the principles of lives etc is called mithya darshan or misperception.2] Mithya Gyan - To perceive the principles like jeeva etc contradictorily is false knowledge. E.g. Bitter gourd forms bitter milk.3] Mithya Charitra - To indulge in the sensual pleasures with misbeliefs is called mithya charitra OR To follow the path against the path of salvation preached by Lord Jinendra is called mithya charitra.Nothing is as blissful as Samyak darshan & as inauspicious as Mithya darshan in the three times & three worlds. Aagam (real scriptures) confirms that life spent without Samyak darshan is life wasted. Samyak darshan is the foundation for the development of humanity. Wrong belief not only pollutes the soul but it also pollutes the social & cultural environment. There is no destructor like false belief. It is equivalent to poison, it is a disease & there is no darkness like it in the universe.

LESSON 3MATTER(Dravya)

MatterMatter is a thing which has properties & forms. E.g. The soul is a matter, knowledge & perception are it’s characters while human life is it’s form. A matter has no existence without properties & forms.Property (Guna)Property is a thing which exists in the matter in all of it’s states. FormForm means the destruction of previous state & possession of subsequent state.Matter is characterized by Utpad, Vyaya & Dhrouvya.Utpad (Creation) – It means origin of new form. E.g. Child’s younger form.Vyaya (Destruction) – It means destruction of the previous stage. E.g. End of childhood.Dhrouvya (Existence) – It means even after the changes in the forms of matter it’s similarity exists. E.g. Even after being the youth from child, the soul remains the same.In this universe living & non-living things are the two principal matters. Living matter (Jeeva dravya) – It is the one which has knowledge & stimulation of perception. E.g. God, Human beings, Hell beings, animals etc.Non-living matter (Ajeeva dravya) – It is the one which does not have knowledge & stimulation of perception. It is of five kinds –1] Pudgal – Pud+Gal, pud means to mix or to join & gal means to separate or to disperse. Atoms of which get mixed & dispersed; which have the properties like touch, taste, smell & colour are known as Pudgal. E.g. Book, Pen, Body etc.There are two kinds of pudgal – a] Paramanu (Atom) b] Skandha (Molecule) OR micro & macro respectively.a] Paramanu (Atom) – The indivisible smallest particle of pudgal is known as an atom. Even having a form it is so minute that one cannot see it by naked eyes. Pudgala exists in different forms such as words, boundings, darkness, shadow, light, stars & heat as well.b] Skandha (Molecule) – Skandha (molecule) is formed by combination of two or more parmanus. E.g. Tablet, pungent (chili powder) etc.

2] Dharma dravya – The matter which indifferently helps to move the living & non-living things is called dharma dravya as to fish in water & butterfly in air. Living & non-living things cannot move in the absence of dharma dravya.3] Adharma dravya – The matter which indifferently helps to stop the living & non-living things is called adharma dravya as shadow of tree to travelers. Living & non-living things cannot stop/remain stable in the absence of adharma dravya.4] Aakash dravya – The matter which accommodates all the things in the universe. None of the things would have got space to exist in the absence of aakash dravya. Aakash dravya is of two types – a] Lokakash or Lok

b] Alokakash or Aloka] Lokakash or Lok – It is the place in which the six matters like jeeva, pudgal, dharma, adharma, aakash & kaal exist. b] Alokakash or Alok - It is the place where only aakash dravya exists.5] Kaal dravya – It is nothing but time. The matter which helps change by changing itself is called kaal dravya. It is of two types – a] Vyavhar kaal

b] Nischay kaala] Vyavhar kaal – It includes second, minute, hour, day, week, year etc.b] Nischay kaal – It changes itself & helps to change all the matters. Thus there are total six matters, one jeeva & five ajeeva.

Important note:1] Multispatial matters are known as Astikay. Being separate existence every atom of kaal dravya is not Astikay. Rest of five matters is Astikay. They are called Panchastikay (5 Astikayas).2] All other matters except pudgal are not visible because they are formless. 3] Dharma dravya, adharma dravya & Aakash dravya are each single in number. They are not many, uncountable & infinite like jeeva, pudgal & kaal.With respect to matter, dharma & adharma should not be considered as piousness & sin respectively. They should be considered singly among the six matters. At other places dharma & adharma should be considered as the result of good & bad deeds: Piousness & Sin.1] Jeeva dravya – Sentient nature2] Ajeeva dravya – Non-sentient nature3] Dharma dravya – Encourages to move4] Adharma dravya – Encourages to stop5] Aakash dravya – Accommodative nature6] Kaal dravya – Transformative nature

LESSON 4DOCTRINE & SUBSTANCE(Tatva & Padartha)

The ‘faith’ which purifies soul & helps enlightment of soul is called tatva or doctrine OR Simply it is the basic nature of the thing. E.g. Golden colour of gold, hotness in fire etc. Since time immemorial human being is suffering from physical, mental & sudden arising miseries while wandering through four destinities.The main reason of this sorrow/misery is the karma bound to soul. Dharma/Religion can lead the soul to highest peace free from karma therefore it is essential to know about nature of karmas. The seven doctrines are preached to understand how karmas bind the soul & how can we get rid of them. Jainism is nothing but complete detailing of these seven doctrines.Seven DoctrinesThey include Jeeva, Ajeeva, Aasrava, Bandha, Sanvar, Nirjara, & Moksh. Along with Punya (piousness) & Paap (sin) there are nine substances (padartha).1] Jeeva – They are living beings, the one who are sentient.2] Ajeeva – They are non-living beings, the one who are non-sentient.3] Aasrava – It is influx of karma towards the soul as a result of affections & hatred.4] Bandha – The milk & water like mixing of transformed atoms of karma with the soul is bandha or boundage. 5] Sanvar – Prohibition of influx of new karmas is sanvar.6] Nirjara – Partial destruction of the karmas bound to soul is called nirjara.7] Moksh – Purification of the soul by complete destruction of all eight karmas is called Moksh i.e. complete absence of karma is Moksh.

Question Answer1 Who is unhappy? Living beings2 By whom they are unhappy? Non-living things/Karmas3 What’s the reason? Influx of Karma4 Why is misery growing? Bandha/ Boundage5 How to prohibit misery? Sanvar6 How to get rid of misery? Nirjara7 Which is the misery free state? Moksh

Illustration to for seven doctrines

Consider a ship in an ocean & a person is sailing in it towards sea coast. Here the ocean resembles to transmigratory world, the person sailing represents Jeeva tatva while the ship represents Ajeeva tatva. Now suppose there is a hole at the bottom of ship through which water is entering in to ship, it represents influx of karmas (i.e. Aasrava). Blocking of the hole by sailor in order to prevent sinking of ship represents Sanvar. Removal of water from the ship represents Nirjara. When water is completely removed from the ship it becomes light. Finally reaching of light ship at coastal destination represents Moksh i.e. liberation/Salvation.Our physique (body) is also a non-living thing like a ship. The soul is Jeeva tatva. The influx of good & bad karmas is Aasrava. The binding of karma with soul is Bandha. The prohibition of fluctuations of mind, speech & body to stop the influx of karma is Sanvar. The partial destruction of the karma bound to soul by contemplation is Nirjara & complete detachment of the soul from karmas is Moksh.Characteristics of Padartha/Substance & It’s TypesThe thing in which doctrine exists is called substance. There are nine substances (Seven doctrines + Punya/Piousness + Sins)Punya/Piousness – The concept which purifies the soul & which is the reason to get desired things to living beings is called punya/piousness.E.g. Having a good son, profit in business etc.Paap/Sin – The thing which impures the soul & which is the reason to get undesired & miserable things to living beings is called paap/sin.E.g. Getting undesired things, loss of favoured ones, disease, thievery etc.************************************************************The aim of life should not be just discussions about doctrines, in fact there should be gain of knowledge about our own nature.Reflecting about doctrines enlightens oneself & makes him devoid of all worries.Ratnatraya is an invaluable asset which cannot be compared with overall wealth of this universe at all!- Aacharya Shree Vidyasagarji Maharaj

LESSON 5DEED(Karma)

One which enslaves the soul, does not make it to realize it’s own nature/identity & makes the soul to wander in transmigration is called deed or karma. As the dust particles of storm or the cloudy environment block the sun rays from reaching the earth, atoms of pudgala filled to the brim in this transmigratory world overlaps own nature/identity of soul & it is called karma. When the passions like anger etc generate within soul, the atoms of pudgala combine with the section of soul & get transformed in to karma.Since time immemorial, jeeva is associated with karmas. The inequality that we observe in this world in the form of rich-poor, happy-unhappy, wise-nescient is nothing but fruitfulness of their respective karmas. The jeeva becomes affectionate, angry due to combined action of mind-speech-body. As red hot iron absorbs water immediately, the jeeva absorbs atoms of pudgala at each & every moment & transforms them in to karmas.There are 8 karmas1] Gyanavarniya karma 2] Darshanavarniya karma 3] Vedaniya karma4] Mohaniya karma 5] Aayu karma 6] Naam karma7] Gotra karma 8] Antaraya karma Gyanavarniya karma, Darshanavarniya karma, Mohaniya karma & Antaraya karma are Ghati karmas (destructive karmas) while Vedaniya karma, Aayu karma, Naam karma & Gotra karma are Aghati karmas (non-destructive karmas).Ghati karmas – The karmas which destroy virtues of the soul like knowledge etc are called Ghati karmas or destructive karmas.Aghati karmas – The karmas which do not destroy virtues of the soul but keeps the soul bound in transmigratory world are called Aghati karmas or non-destructive karmas.1] Gyanavarniya karma – The karma which does not allow revealing the virtue of knowledge is called Gyanavarniya karma. As the cloth enclosing idol of Lord does not reveal it.Often we experience that even continuous learning by heart fails to memorize certain points. It represents existence of Gyanavarniya karma.Reasons to influx & binding of Gyanavarniya karma –To sub-ordinate/disrespect other’s knowledge, to create obstacles in acquisition of knowledge by others, hide the book, tear the book, to feel pride about own

knowledge, to suspect about concepts in Jinvani etc are reasons to bind the Gyanavarniya karma.The acts opposite to aforesaid develop knowledge.2] Darshanavarniya karma - It is the karma which does not reveal virtue of perception of the soul.As the gatekeeper does not allows to enter in to the palace so does the Darshanavarniya karma does not let the soul to perceive the things in their real sense.Reasons of influx & binding of Darshanavarniya karma –To listen to Jinvani with disrespect, to create obstacles in Jindarshan, sleeping in day, getting up late, disgust the saints, blame the virtuous people etc.3] Vedaniya karma – The karma which makes the soul to experience pleasure & misery as well is called Vedaniya karma. As the tongue when touches the sword covered with honey experience the sweetness as well as the pain of cut so does the Vedaniya karma gives pleasure & misery as well. The same are called Satavedaniya (pleasure giving) & Asatavedaniya (misery giving).When a person experiences the sweetness of comfit, it is Satavedaniya & when he experiences the pains due to piercing of thorn in foot, it is Asatavedaniya.Reasons of influx & binding of Vedaniya karma –To cry oneself & make other’s to cry, to slander others, to beat others, to bind others, to treach etc.On the contrary, showing mercy for all living beings, following the vows, donation, forgiveness, serving the saints, worshipping Lord Arihant are the deeds which bind Satavedaniya karma.4] Mohaniya karma – The karma which destroys the virtues of soul like samyaktva & charitra (right perception & right conduct) or keeps the soul away from it’s real nature & infatuates it in the mundane pleasure is called Mohaniya karma.As the drunkard is not aware of his own welfare or of other’s; even he doesn’t recognise his wife, sister & fells in gutter as well, the soul influenced by mohaniya karma does not have any conscience. It is due to the fruition of mohaniya karmas like anger, lust etc.Reasons of influx & binding of Mohaniya karma –

Always being indulged in sensual pleasures & mundane activities, being angry, proud, jealous, lustful, not to worship true God, scripture & preceptor, violation of set boundaries by real scriptures bind mohaniya karma to soul.On the contrary, the activities which enhance detachments makes the mohaniya karma weak.5] Aayu karma – The karma which keeps the soul arrested for certain time in the body of any destinity like hell, tiryancha, human or God is called aayu karma.As the chain or hand cliffs does not allow the man to move anywhere unless he gets free from it, the aayu karma does not allow the soul to escape & move to another body. The existence of the soul in the body of an organism should be considered as the fruition of aayu karma of that soul. Reasons of influx & binding of Aayu karma –Acquisition of samyaktva, vows, austerity, continence, donation etc are the good deeds which bind aayu karma.Human aayu karma binds by a little beginnings/aarambha (little indulgence in transmigratory activities) & little possessiveness. Tiryancha aayu karma binds due to worst acts like deceiving, pretence, guile etc. Hell aayu karma binds due to much violence, excessive possessiveness, excessive beginnings etc.6] Naam karma – The karma by fruition of which a jeeva acquires different bodies, organs, shapes & forms is called naam karma.As an artist makes different drawings of man, elephant, bullock, birds etc, karma makes the soul to take different shapes like tiger, man, woman, plant etc. Our organs like ears, eyes, nose body etc form due to fruition of naam karma.Fruition of auspicious naam karma forms beautiful organs while that of inauspicious naam karma makes the person ugly.Reasons to influx & binding of Naam karma –Being happy by seeing virtuous people which follow doctrines of dharma, not to keep wicked feelings for any one, unbiasness of mind-speech-body, to follow Shodashkaran bhavana are the activities by which the soul binds auspicious naam karma.On the contrary backbiting, having pride of beauty, guile in mind-speech-body, imitate others, worshipping the wrong God are the acts which bind inauspicious naam karma.6] Gotra karma – The karma by fruition of which a jeeva takes birth in high or low lineage is called Gotra karma.As the potter makes small & big different types of earthen pots so does the gotra karma makes the soul to take birth in lower or higher lineage.

Due to fruition of Ucchagotra karma soul gets higher lineage & due to fruition of Neechgotra karma soul gets lower slanderous lineage.Reasons to influx & binding of Gotra karma –To have pride for own caste, lineage, beauty, power, to disrespect the scriptures, to criticize others & praise oneself causes binding of lower lineage.On the contrary praising others, modest behavior, absence of ego causes binding of higher lineage.8] Antaraya karma – The karma fruition of which creates hurdles/barriers in the acts like donation, acquisition, enjoyment, indulgence etc.E.g. i] A person has strong desire to give aahar daan (donate pure food) to nirgrantha saint but somehow cannot perform padgahan.ii] Even sweets are present in home but one cannot eat them due to health problem.Reasons to influx & binding of Antaraya karma –To steal things, violence, to accept nirmalya (materials used in worshipping) etc cause binding of antaraya karma.Mohaniya karma is the only reason behind all miseries in this transmigratory world. The same is responsible for binding of other karmas. Hence one should give prime importance to destroy mohaniya karma. It is called king of all karmas. As the subjects do not tend to do anything in the absence of king so does the other karmas become incapable in the absence of mohaniya karma.Jeeva void of karma Arihants have destroyed the four destructive (ghati) karmas, so called Sansarmukta (transmigration free) jeeva. Siddhas have destroyed all the eight karmas, so called Mukta (liberated) jeeva.

LESSON 6RATNATRAYA & PATH OF SALVATION

Since the time immemorial the jeeva has been wandering in this transmigratory world & suffering unlimited, unending miseries. The root cause is his wrong conception. The jeeva illusively thinks that salvation can be attained some times merely by faith & devotion while some times by knowledge. Some times it also considers that salvation is possible through hard austerity & conduct only.As per Jain doctrines, salvation is not acquired merely by faith, knowledge or conduct. The person who has only faith & lacking proper knowledge & conduct is not able to attain salvation. However, proper conduct with lack of belief & knowledge also does not work. When there is perfect combination of aforesaid three then only a jeeva attains liberty successfully. Unity in real faith, knowledge & conduct in nothing but path of salvation. So by thinking on unlimited virtues of soul, Aacharya Umaswami has written the first famous sutra about salvation in the scripture of ‘Tatvartha Sutra’.

‘Samyagdarshan gyan charitrani mokshmargaha’Here the word samyag/samyak means true or proper, darshan means belief. It is necessary to have the proper faith, knowledge or conduct. The wrong or blind faith, wrong knowledge & wrong conduct make the jeeva to wander in transmigration. That is why the adjective samyak has been prefixed before all the three words which refers rightness or properness. Right perception, right knowledge, right conduct altogether only makes the path of salvation, says Aacharya. These are three gems of soul which are called Ratnatraya.Samyak Darshan (Right Belief)In the term samyak darshan, samyak means true or proper & darshan means belief. The genuine belief towards passionless Gods, ultimately proven real scriptures, passionless saints & seven principles preached by Lord Jinendra is called samyak darshan.There is no any beneficial thing in Teen Lok as that of Samyaktva which welfares the jeevas & no any harmful thing as that of mithyatva.As there cannot be tree without roots & no home without foundation, there is no beginning of dharma without samyak darshan. Dharma is the foundation of bliss. That is why it is been said that samyak darshan is the first step to salvation.(Detailed description is given in given lesson 2) Samyak Gyan (Right Knowledge)

The knowledge which recognizes the thing without it’s inferiority, superiority, controversy & doubtfulness is called samyak gyan OR Knowing the nature of doctrines exactly without any flaws like sanshay, viparyay & anadhyavasay is called samyak gyan.Sanshay - It is suspecting about legitimacy of principles or doctrines.E.g. Suspicion about the shining thing that either it is oyster shell or silver.Viparyay - It is controversial belief. It considers the thing in wrong way. E.g. Considering the rope as snake.Anadhyavasay – It is uncertainty & lack of will to know legitimacy.E.g. While walking when something touches the feet then feeling that ‘something is there’.It needs the bright light of samyak gyan to know about soul & things alien to soul. For the soul it makes it’s future bright on the path of salvation. Samyak gyan helps to know the doctrines exactly as they are while samyak darshan helps to develop belief on those doctrines.There is a deed & reason relationship between these two things. As the light is generated after kindling the lamp, samyak darshan is a reason samyak gyan is an effect/deed. When samyak darshan is acquired, knowledge also gets proper adjective of ‘samyak’ simultaneously. It means samyak gyan succeeds samyak darshan. Subject wise there are five kinds of samyak gyan. They include Matigyan, Shrutgyan, Avadhigyan, Manahparyaygyan & Kevalgyan.The Dwadshang wani has following four Anuyogas -1] Prathamanuyog 2] Karananuyog 3] Charananuyog 4] Dravyanuyog1] Prathamanuyog – The biographies or stories of 63 Shalaka purushas described with legitimate knowledge which narrates the spiritual subjects & becomes the reason for the audience for better fortune, contemplation & acquisition of Ratnatraya is known as Prathamanuyog. E.g. The scriptures like Jivandhar Charitra (biography), Shrenik Charitra, Mahapuran, Uttarpuran etc.2] Karananuyog – It includes the scriptures in which there is description of divisions of Lok & Alok, transformation of epoch & four destinities.3] Charananuyog – It includes the scriptures which have description of common people, conduct of saints, it’s origin, growth & protection.E.g. The scriptures like Ratnakarandak Shravakachar, Mulachar etc.4] Dravyanuyog – It includes the scriptures which have description of doctrines like jeeva, pious activities & sins, boundage & salvation.E.g. The scriptures like Tatvartha Sutra, Samaysar, Rajvartik etc.

All these four anuyogas are instrumental in achieving Samyaktva & enhancement of samyak gyan. Therefore it is auspicious to perceive it’s real sense by studying all the four anuyogas. This is the sure way for upliftment of the soul.Samyak charitra (Right Conduct)The right conduct means not to do the things by doing which wicked karma binds OR It is renunciation of sinful acts.To remain engrossed within pure soul by renouncing affections & hatred with equality is called Nischay charitra while following of vows, fastings & contemplation to attain Nischay charitra is called Vyavahar charitra.The path of salvation begins with Vyavahar charitra. The soul with the inculcation of false belief or mithyatva since time immemorial leads to Nischay charitra through Vyavahar charitra.Thus the common soul from transmigratory world can be made free only by the attainment of these three right virtues. As the diseased person becomes healthy by his true belief on right doctor, knowledge of medicine, obeying dietary; the altogetherness of Samyak darshan (Right perception), Samyak gyan (Right knowledge) & Samyak charitra (Right conduct) destroys the disease of birth & death & provides liberty forever!

LESSON 7EDIBLES & NON-EDIBLES

Aacharyas have advised Gyan yog for the spiritual penance & have emphasized the purity of food & drinks as well. The food we eat influences our mind thought to a great extent.

Jaise khave anna, vaise howe man lJaise pive paani, vaise howe vaani ll

As we eat the food, so does becomes our mind.As we drink water, so does becomes our speech.

This in not mere an idiom, but a scientific truth. Mind is the main means of spiritual progress of human beings. The same has been called the cause of bindings & salvation. By consumption of pure food, the suspicions & illusions disappear from brain & mind. Such mind is liable to follow the path of salvation & gradually achieves it as well.The edible things are known as Bhakshya. They include food, fruits, pulses etc. The improper non-edible things are called Abhakshya. The faulty & violence causing things are also known as Abhakshya. They are of five types –1] Trasaghat abhakshya 2] Bahughat/Sthavarghat abhakshya 3] Pramadkarak abhakshya 4] Anishtakarak abhakshya 5] Anupsevya abhakshya 1] Trasaghat abhakshya – Such things, consumption of which causes violence of trasa beings (lives having two, three or four sense of organs) are called Trasaghat abhakshya. They include five Udumber (fig) fruits, non-veg, eggs, foreign chocolates, spoilt things, food infected by fungus during rainy season, pickles after 24 hours, mango embedded in juice of jaggery, papad, pulses (dicots) with butter milk etc.Pulses (Dicots) – Dicots like gram, tur, moong (oil free pulses) if consumed with butter milk or curd, the saliva get mixed with morsel in which bacteria are generated & cause great violence. Therefore these are abhaksyas.2] Bahughat/Sthavarghat abhakshya - Such things, consumption of which causes violence of unlimited sthavara beings are called Bahughat/Sthavarghat abhakshya. They include onion, garlic, potatoes, carrot, roots, sweet potatoes etc.

3] Pramadkarak abhakshya – Such things, consumption of which enhances the laziness & lust are called Pramadkarak abhakshya. They mainly include addictive substances like alcohol, tobacco, gutkha, ganja etc which are fatal to health too!4] Anishtakarak abhakshya – The substances which are edible but are harmful to health (increases vaata, pitta & kapha) are known as Anishtakarak abhakshya.E.g. Curd for asthmatic patient, cold drinks cause common cold, fried food enhances fever.5] Anupsevya abhakshya – The slanderous substances which are not considered good for eating by gentle people are called Anupsevya abhakshya. They include urine of cow, urine & stool, vomit, shell fish etc.In Jain observance, a certain time limitation is given for edibles. Science also agrees that after that time period those do not remain edible. Microbes get generated in them & they spoil the food which arouse the passions consequently by consumption.There is limitation of 24 hrs for boiled water. Generally limitation for hot water is 6 hrs while in just filtered water, trasa & sammurchan beings generate after 48 minutes (i.e. 1 muhurta).Pure salt – Grinded shende lon (mineral stone) is edible up to 48 minutes, if ground with spices it is edible up to 24 hrs. Thereafter it becomes abhakshya.The common salt from market is non-edible because unfiltered oceanic water is used during it’s manufacture. Such water includes dead bodies of trasa beings The things like ghee, jaggery & oil are considered edible until it’s taste is not changed. Undesired change in normal taste indicates formation of microbes in it.The Time Limitation for Purity of Edibles

No. Things Winter Summer Rainy season1 Floar,coarse floar, maida, turmeric powder

Market maida, ravaare non-edible

7 days

---

5 days

---

3 days

---2 Cumin seeds, pepper, coriander seeds,

cloves, sesame, mustard, dried-grated coconut & smashed coconut(if mixed with grinded spices)

7 days48 min

5 days48 min

3 days48 min

3 Papad, shevaya, karanjya, ghagrya, thalipith, vada, bhaji

12 hr 12 hr 12 hr

4 Barphi (Shira or sandage)Made using waterWithout water

12 hr7 days

12 hr5 days

12 hr3 days

5 Jilebi made by using water & homemade maida & lemon juice is edibleMarket jilebi is non-edible

12 hr---

12 hr---

12 hr---

6 Khava, comfits, dry fruits 7 days 5 days 3 days7 Karanji, comfits, ananas etc fried in

oil/ghee24 hr 24 hr 24 hr

8 Lahya (heat swollen jowar), baked cashewnuts

7 days 5 days 3 days

9 Gulamba, moravala, sakharamba & pickles all kinds

12 hr 12 hr 12 hr

10 Baked cashew nuts, groundnuts, beans, peas & all kinds lahya (heat swollen grains)

7 days 5 days 3 days

11 Curd(made by putting shell of coconut, silver coin, piece of marble in luke warm milk)Butter milkIf prepared with mixing hot waterIf water mixed after some time

12 hr

12 hr48 min

12 hr

12 hr48 min

12 hr

12 hr48 min

12 Filtered water, raw milk, butter 48 min 48 min 48 min

Synthetic Sugar - A sweet poison: Sulphur is used in manufacture of sugar, it destroys the nutritional value of sugarcane while processing. As the juice gets whitened, it’s heat content increases. The dieticians & physicians consider the synthetic sugar as nutrientless food.Natural sugar gives heat to our body & energy to our cells. Such sugar is easily available from natural fruits, vegetables, dry fruits etc but usually people have misconception that synthetic sugar compensates the need of natural sugar of our body.Synthetic sugar is considered as an enemy of our body from health point of view. Such sugar increases calories & calories increase fats. It is heavy to digest. The carbohydrates from sugar get imbalanced & generate the passions which are the source of all diseases especially blood pressure, diabetes, muscular looseness, intestinal disorders etc.Tuberous Roots : KandamulaThey increase vindictive tendency. This is scientific truth that due to tamaguna present in earth, root possesses starch, sugar or volatile oils which stimulate vein

system & it provokes mind towards sexuality. Kandamula contains unlimited microbes.********************************************************Soul does not get developed without purity of food & water.- George Bernard Shaw

LESSON 8THE TWELVE VOWS OF SHRAVAKA

Vow (Vrata) means determined inclination in the good deeds. As a farmer cultivates land by removing the weeds to get good yield, so the shravaka deliberately detaches from the bad deeds like violence through generous behavior, donation to able one (patradaan) etc. Soul gets purified by observing such vratas which results in salvation in course of time.Jainism expects an important role from shravaka & shravika too. Without their contribution it is impossible for one to progress on the path of munidharma because shravakas themselves achieve saintness in the course of time by developing their vows. Therefore the shravaka’s observance of vows is considered as the foundation of munidharma. Meaning of the word Shravaka is – in Marathi Shra means a perceiver, va means having conscience & ka means doer.There are Three types of shravaka -1] Pakshik shravaka 2] Naishthik shravaka 3] Sadhak shravaka1] Pakshik shravaka – Those who renounce seven bad habits, observers of eight mulgunas (fundamental virtues) & try to give up the five sins as per their capacity, forsake the non-violence determinately, worship Jinendra Bhagwan daily & conceptually supports the principles of Jinendra are known as Pakshik shravaka.2] Naishthik shravaka – One who follows the vows with complete fidelity are called Naisthik shravaka. 3] Sadhak shravaka – At the end of life, when the death is near, one who attempts Sallekhana (holy death) by renouncing food & water is known as Sadhak shravaka.Shravaka renounces the five sins grossly. So, they are called Anuvrati. Anu means small. Here five sins are renounced to some extent. They are called Agar means one that lives in home. Saints renounce home completely so their vows are mahavrata (major vows). They are called Anagar means homeless ascetics who observe major vows.The Twelve Vows of Shravaka5 Anuvrata, 3 Gunvrata & 4 Shikshavrata.Five Anuvrata1] Ahinsa Anuvrata – Those who do not kill the trasa beings by 3 yogas of mind, speech & body OR By krit (self), karit (by others) & anumodana (by giving consent) & do not harm the ekendriyas (living beings with one organ of sense)

unnecessarily are known as Ahinsa anuvrati. The renunciation of violence grossly or partially is known as Ahinsa anuvrata.2] Satya Anuvrata – The gross renunciation of lie is known as Satya anuvrata. The truth which endangers the lives, society, religion & country is also considered a lie.3] Achourya Anuvrata – Not exchanging of thing which is lost by someone, or forgotten or not given by anyone is called achourya anuvrata. The follower of this vow does not help the thieves. He neither purchases the stolen things nor sells the goods with excessive profit. He never stocks the goods unnecessarily. Because all such acts are different kinds stealing. 4] Bramhacharya Anuvrata – Respecting all women like that of mother & sister (except wife) is Bramhacharya anuvrata. It also known as Swadar santosh vrata.Men with good moral character do not keep immoral relations with other women.5] Parigraha Anuvrata – It is leading a need based life. It avoids comfort & luxury. This will reduce delusion & greed towards worldly things like wealth, grain, movable & immovable property, servents, utensils, cars, vehicles etc. This is known as parigraha pariman anuvrata.

Three GunavrataGunavrata means keeping strong control over worldly attractions so as to firmly follow anuvrata. Gunavratas improve the standard of anuvrata. As the fence protects the farm so do these gunavratas are essential to protect anuvrata. They are -1] Digvrata – Digvrata is obeyed to reduce greed & beginnings for life time. It includes putting limitations on movement in 10 directions. Like to keep such a limitation that I will not go beyond the country Sindh in east, the river Sindhu in west, Mount Himalaya in north & Kanyakumari in south. The intension behind it is the wandering soul by reducing it’s desires should remain aloof from the violence which will take place beyond those boundaries.2] Deshvrata – Determination of reduction in pre-decided limits of Digvrata like not to go beyond village, city, lane etc for an hour, day, week, month etc. For example not to go out of village & to stay in a lane or in a home for a month or to determine not to go out of village during Dashlakshan parva.3] Anarthadanda vrata - Anarthadanda vrata means to renounce the activities by which sins are hoarded without reason. They are of five types –a] Papopdesh - To advice to do the activities which increase the sins.

b] Hinsadan - To sell or to give the violent things like poison or weapons.c] Apdhyan - To think bad for others.d] Dushruti - To read misguiding scriptures.e] Pramadcharya - Digging the ground unnecessarily or without any intension, wastage of water, keep on lights & fans, ignite fire. To renounce these five meaningless deeds is Anarthadanda vrata.Four ShikshavrataThe vows following by whom we get the direction/guidance to become muni are called shikshavrata. There are four shiksahvratas –1] Samayik 2] Proshadhopwas 3] Bhogopbhog pariman 4] Atithi sanvibhag1] Samayik shikshavrata – To get engrossed in pure state of soul by renouncing sins through mind, speech & body, by doing, getting it done by others or consenting by achieving equanimity & giving up attachments & hatred for others for certain time is Samayik shikshavrata.2] Proshadhopwas shikshavrata – Proshada means taking food once in a day & upwas means fasting i.e. to renounce the four kinds of food (eatables, drinks, linctuses, flavours). Proshadhopwas means to renounce food & passions for 16 prahara (48 hrs) by giving up all beginnings & transmigratory passions on the days of two Ashtamies & two Chaturdashies of each month.E.g. If one wishes to do Proshadhopwas of Ashtami then it is necessary to fast on the day of Ashtami itself & do ekasan (one time food in day) on the days of Saptami & Navami. The Proshadhopwas gets excellence if bathing, embellishing & all beginnings are renounced on that day. Vrati can follow this vow at least by doing ekasan on each Ashtami & Chaturdashi.3] Bhogopbhog pariman shikshavrata – The thing which is enjoyed once is called bhog like food, water, oil etc while the thing which can be enjoyed again & again is called upbhog like clothes, vehicles, jwellery etc. To put limitation on things of bhog & upbhog for certain time period or for life time is called Bhogopbhog pariman shikshavrata.3] Atithi sanvibhag shikshavrata – Donation of pure food to those who follow continence from the food prepared for oneself is called Atithi sanvibhag shikshavrata.It includes nursing; donating medicines, scriptures, pure food to ascetics with devotion & without any transmigratory desire from it.************************************************************11 Ang & 14 Purva scriptures are like an ocean. Presently, there is no any omniscient or Shrut Kevali who can explain them. Then how can the means like us

describe it? Jinvani Saraswati is the uplifter of the soul. The soul which accepts it will get uplifted. Even the one who accepts just single word ‘j' from it will get uplifted soon. The two quarreling monkeys went to heaven from Sammed Shikharji just by remembrance of this incantation. Sudarshan Sheth achieved Moksh (liberation) by remembrance of the same. Even the thief Anjan addicted to bad habits attained Moksh. Many virtuous people achieved Moksh in this way. The lower bred dog achieved good status by preachings of Jivandhar Kumar too! This is the glory of Jain dharma. But who accept this dharma in it’s real sense?Even being a Jain, there is no faith on Jainism.- Aacharya Shree Shantisagarji Maharaj

LESSON 9ELEVEN PRATIMAS OF SHRAVAKA

Obeying of vows & rules by shravaka is nothing but preparation to accept the path of muni dharma i.e. it is step wise training to become a nirgrantha saint. Shravaka obeys eleven Pratimas preached by Teerthankaras to develop himself or herself physically, psychologically & spiritually.Pratimas develop continence gradually, progressively & successively. As while climbing up the hill we step up successively & reach at the peak, the one who wishes to become a muni successively steps up the Pratimas & finally becomes a muni.As a person climbs the step carefully from earlier step, the earlier lower Pratima corresponds to or is supportive to next higher Pratima. Hence it is very important to follow each & every step of each Pratima carefully. Pratimas are accepted for lifelong period & they include –1] Darshan Pratima 2] Vrata Pratima3] Samayik Pratima 4] Proshadhopwas Pratima5] Sachitta Tyag Pratima 6] Ratri-Bhukti Tyag Pratima7] Bramhacharya Pratima 8] Aarambha Virat Pratima9] Parigraha Virat Pratima 10] Anumatee Tyag Pratima11] Uddishta Tyag Pratima

1] Darshan PratimaThe one who has right perception or view i.e. Samyak darshan, desists from transmigratory world, physical pleasures & gets dedicated at holy feet of Panch Parmeshties, obeys eight fundamental virtues as well is called Darshan pratimadhari.2] Vrata PratimaThe one who obeys five anuvratas, three gunavratas & four shikshavratas without any worries, attachments & with non-transgression is called Vrata pratimadhari.3] Samayik PratimaMeditating with equanimity in morning, afternoon & evening at least for 48 minutes each time is called Samayik pratima.4] Proshadhopwas PratimaFasting & contemplation of spiritual concepts alone as per capacity at secluded place on the day of Ashtami & Chaturdashi by renunciation of home, business, all physical pleasures is called Proshadhopwas pratima. However, it has to be

remembered that there is one time food intake (Ekasan) on the days of Saptami (a day before Ashtami) & Trayodashi (a day before Chaturdashi). 5] Sachitta Tyag PratimaThe materials which have lives in them are called sachitta. The shravaka which consumes green vegetables only after cooking them is called Sachitta tyag pratimadhari. Acharya Samantbhadra mentions such shravakas as idols of mercy.6] Ratri Bhojan Tyag PratimaThe merciful shravaka who renunciates all four types of food (edibles, drinkables, relishing, worth tastings) by mind, speech, physically & krut, karita & anumodna as well after sunset & before sunrise is called ratri bhojan tyag pratimadhari. Such shravaka consumes food between two ghadis (48 min) after sunrise & two ghadis (48 min) before sunset.7] Bramhacharya PratimaThe person who relizes the body as basis of impurity, place of impurity & which produces offensiveness gets desisited from women by mind, speech & physically is called Bramhacharya pratimadhari or a celibate.8] Aarambha Tyag PratimaAfter being a celibate the shravaka looses attachments with transmigratory works & renunciates the causes of violence like service, agriculture, business etc. Such shravaka is called Aarambha tyag (virat) pratimadhari. However such shravaka may perform beginning acts regarding ablution (bath), donation, worshipping etc.9] Parigraha Tyag PratimaRenunciation of ten types of extrinsic attachments by knowing them as the root causes of sin is called Parigraha tyag (virat) pratima. Such shravaka renunciates all things except essential clothes & vessels. Such shravaka lives either along with nirgrantha sky clad saints or in Jain temple. He accepts pure food on invitation & at other times he remains engrossed in contemplation.[Ten extrinsic attachments include Land, Area, House, Gold, Silver, Wealth, Grains, Male servents, Female servents, Clothes & Vessels]10] Anumati Tyag PratimaThe shravaka who do not respond or give approval to transmigratory/domestic aspects/programmes like agriculture, business, marriage etc is called Anumati tyag (virat) pratimadhari.11] Uddishta Tyag PratimaThe shravaka who leaves home & accepts vows from munis & take pure food just as that of Jain ascetics is called Uddishta tyag pratimadhari. Such shravaka wears

a short cloth. He takes food by rituals of ascetics & not by invitation. This Pratima indicates highest status of shravaka. Such shravaka is of two types-1] Kshullak 2] Ailak1] Kshullak – He keeps one loincloth & a piece of cloth. He may cut hair of head, mustache & beard using scissors or may perform keshlonch. He keeps pinchi & takes one time food with joined palms in sitting posture.2] Ailak – He keeps loincloth only. Keshlonch is obligatory. Takes food in joined palms.Categorization of ShravakaMinor shravaka/Jaghanya shravaka – From 1st Pratima (Darshan pratima) to 6th

Pratima (Ratri bhojan tyag pratima)Moderate shravaka/Madhyam shravaka – From 7th Pratima (Bramhacharya pratima) to 9th Pratima (Parigraha tyag pratima)Major shravaka/Utkrushta shravaka – From 10th Pratima (Anumati tyag pratima) & 11th Pratima (Uddishta tyag pratima)

*******************************************************There is no continence with clothes on body. Gunasthana number 7 cannot be maintained by wearing clothes. There is no practical destruction of karmas without continence, there is no omniscience without destruction of karmas & there is no salvation without omniscience. So never be afraid! Never be afraid to follow continence. Be a MUNI, there is no spiritual upliftment without this path at all!- Acharya Shree Shantisagarji Maharaj

LESSON 10TWELVE MEDITATIVE STATES(Barah Bhavana/Barah Anupreksha)

Repeated/periodic musing of principles is called meditative states or Bhavana or Anupreksha. A jeeva becomes ascetic when it gains knowledge & realizes the nature of surrounding things. Such person itself gets catalyzed on the path of salvation due to asceticism. The great dignitaries used to muse these twelve Bhavanas or Anuprekshas to attain liberty, which worked as mother to strengthen their ascetic feelings. Twelve Bhavanas include –1] Anitya Bhavana 2] Asharan Bhavana 3] Sansar Bhavana4] Ekatva Bhavana 5] Anyatva Bhavana 6] Ashuchi Bhavana7] Aasrava Bhavana 8] Sanvar Bhavana 9] Nirjara Bhavana 10] Lok Bhavana 11] Bodhidurlabh Bhavana 12] Dharma Bhavana

1] Anitya BhavanaRaja rana chatrapati, hathin ke aswar lMarna sabko ek din, apni apni bar ll 1 llEach person has to die one day at it’s own time though he may be a King or Monarch riding an elephant.2] Asharana BhavanaDal bal deyi devata, maat pita pariwar lMarti bireeyan jeev ko, koi na rakhanhar ll 2 llThe jeeva is absolutely helpless at the time of death. No one can prevent it’s death. Not even it’s whole cantonment, gods-goddesses, father, mother & family members.3] Sansar BhavanaDam bina nirdhan dukhi, trishnawash dhanwan lKahun na sukh sansar mein, sab jag dekhyo chan ll 3 llA poor is sad because he/she has no wealth while a rich is even sad since he has intense desire/thrust for more wealth! Hence after scrutinizing the whole world we conclude that there is no real bliss in this transmigratory world at all!4] Ekatva BhavanaAap akelo avatare, mare akele hoy lYun kabhun es jeev ko, sathi saga na koy ll 4 llAs you came alone in this world, you have to leave it (die) alone too! In the maze of this transmigration no one is true friend of jeeva at all!

5] Anyatva BhavanaJahan deh apni nahi, tahan na apno koy lGhar sampatti per prakat ye, per hai parijan loy ll 5 llEven our own body is not genuinely ours, in such situation no one other belongs to us. The home, wealth etc that we consider ours all belongs to others & after our death the same will be possessed by others.6] Ashuchi BhavanaDipye cham chadar madhi, haad pinjara deh lBheetar ya sum jagat mein, aur nahi ghingeh ll 6 llThe body made up of skeleton of bones enclosed in flesh & skin looks very beautiful externally, but when we observe the same internally, it is the most disgusting thing in this world.7] Aasrava BhavanaMoh nind ke jor, Jagwasi ghumye sada lKarma chor chahun aor, sarvas lootye sudh nahi ll 7 llDue to deep sleep of greed, we are wandering unnecessarily in this transmigratory world. There are thieves in the form of karmas around us everywhere who are looting everything of us (soul) & we are not aware of it at all!8] Sansar BhavanaSadguru dey jagay, moh nind jab upshamyen lTab kachu banahi upaay, karm chor aavat rukye ll 8 llOnly benevolent right preceptors awake us from deep sleep of greed & that is the right solution due to which thieves like karmas stop their influx to soul.9] Nirjara BhavanaGyan deep tap tel dhar, ghar shodhye bhram chor lYa vidh bin niksyen nahin, paithe purab chor lPanch mahavrata sancharan, samiti panch parkar lPrabal panch indriya-vijay, dhar nirjara saar ll 9 llOne has to search for the home of soul by holding the flame of austerity & virtuous knowledge. There is no any other way to eliminate the karma thieves.Obeying five major vows, five samitis & strong conquer over five organs of sense are the reasons for nirjara i.e. decline in karmas. 10] Sansar BhavanaChoudah raju utang nabha, lok purush santhan lTamein jeev anadityen, bharmat hain bin gyan ll 10 llThere is Lokakash (Teen Lok, Universe) the height of which is 14 rajus. Shape of the Teen Lok is like that of a man kept his both arms on either sides of waist. The

uncountable lives wander within this shape for uncountable time period due to nescience.11] Bodhidurlabh BhavanaDhan kan kanchan rajsukh, sabhi sulabh kar jaan lDurlabh hai sansar mein, ek jatharat gyan ll 11 llOne must remember that comparatively it is so easy to gain wealth, grains & pleasure of kingdom but it is too rare/difficult to gain right & virtuous knowledge (i.e. Samyak gyan) in this mortal world.12] Dharma BhavanaJaanche sur taru dey such, chintat chinta ryen lBin jaanche bin chintaye, dharma sakal sukh dyen ll 12 llEven the Gods in heaven are worried & expect the human destinity to follow continence by which they can attain salvation. Dharma is such a miraculous concept whose observance gives all kinds of pleasures without their expectation.

************************************************************1] Anitya Bhavana (Anityanupreksha) – Not a single thing in this universe is eternal.2] Asharana Bhavana (Asharnanupreksha) – In this transmigratory world, a jeeva can surrender itself only to religion (Dharma).3] Sansar Bhavana (Sansaranupreksha) – The jeeva is wandering in transmigration through birth & death. This is the root cause for all those griefs which jeeva is facing.4] Ekatva Bhavana (Ekatvanupreksha) – The jeeva itself has to face the effects of it’s good & bad deeds.5] Anyatva Bhavana (Anyatvanupreksha) – Consideration of soul apart from house-wealth, wife-son, body etc.6] Ashuchi Bhavana (Ashuchianupreksha) – This body is composed of offensive substances like blood, flesh, bones etc. Then why should we love it?7] Aasrava Bhavana (Aasravanupreksha) – We get bonded with karmas due to activities performed through mind, speech & body.8] Sansar Bhavana (Sansaranupreksha) – Musing about influx of karmas. Blockage of influx of karmas can only help to pass through ocean of transmigration.9] Nirjara Bhavana (Nirjaranupreksha) – Partial destruction of karmas. In which manner it happens?10] Lok Bhavana (Lokanupreksha) – It contains the things like jeeva etc.

11] Bodhidurlabh Bhavana (Bodhidurlabhanupreksha) – Attainment of ultimate aim of human being & acquisition of Ratnatraya.12] Dharma Bhavana (Dharmanupreksha) – The one which takes us to ultimate pleasure.

LESSON 11DASHADHARMA

Dharma/Religion makes the life ideal. Religious activities empower humans to follow duties in life. The doctrines by dharma guide us for better health & it trains a transmigratory person entangled in mental agony, sickness & title to pass through the ocean of transmigration.Dashadharma plays an extremely important role to introduce the person about it’s original spiritual nature i.e. nature of the soul. The soul which normally passes 365 days in a year with this fraudulent physical world rarely understands itself genuinely. Dashadharma is an effective medium to culture the intention of self study of soul. Actually the dharma is one as a whole; however for the sake of convenience it is called Dashlakshan dharma. Each year it is celebrated as a festival.This festival/parva is celebrated for ten days with special enthusiasm. On those ten days, regularly one dharma (bhavana) is worshipped. This occasion comes thrice in a year. Those are in months of Magha, Chaitra & Bhadrapada from shukl paksha Panchami to Chaturdashi. However the month of Bhadrapada has special importance. A shravaka earns wealth by rational way for eight months in a year while in Chaturmasa (remaining four months) he performs religious duties to gain spiritual knowledge & upliftment of soul.The month of Bhadrapada is well known for being bhadra & month of vows as well. Bhadra mean well being, dexterous, happiness etc. Since this month memorises to all about vows, rules & beliefs; it is bhadra kind of month.Dashlakshan dharma is also known as ‘Paryushan parva’. The one which keeps away the soul from pollution of five sins, eight karmas & purifies it, is called Paryushan.In Prakrit, ‘Paryushan’ is called ‘Pajushan’, ‘Pajjushan’ or ‘Pajjovsenaa’ while in Sanskrit it is called ‘Paryushan’, ‘Paryupshamana’, ‘Paryupwas’ etc. Parva refers to a holy day. ‘pajja’ means attachments-hateredness, ‘ushan’ means to burn. Hence Paryushan means burning the attachments-hatred or to decide so & act so.A transmigratory jeeva can extract itself in pure form like that of liberated souls by experiment with the spiritual chemical like Paryushan Parva.

The prefix ‘Uttam’ is used before the ten titles of Dashlakshan dharmas. ‘Uttam’ means the best. The reason is following these dharmas have no any selfish aims like publicity or certain transmigratory expectations.1] Uttam Kshama‘Ksha’ refers to soul & ‘ma’ refers to protect. It means protection of soul from spiritual & conceptual destruction. The one which protects the soul from destruction of it’s characters/traits is called Uttam Kshama Dharma. As mother protects her child by feeding milk, Uttam Kshama Dharma protects & develops traits of soul as well. Forgiveness is the nature of soul, anger is extrinsic to soul. Anger results in to ignorance or stupidity, stupidity causes loss of memory, loss of memory is responsible for loss of talent & finally loss of talent destructs the person as well as the dharma consequently.Hence no deflection in pure & peaceful state of mind though the anger producing reason is present is called Kshama dharma. That is why it is been said, ‘Kshama Virasya Bhushanam’, means forgiveness is the jewel of brave.2] Uttam MardavaMardava means softness or delicateness. A person becomes egoist due to passion of pride. Due to lack of Mardava, the person considers himself/herself as something special & sub-ordinates, inculpates others. He/she even performs guile for the purpose. And if by chance his pride is challenged by somebody, he becomes angry. So obeying religious concepts is not possible for the man with pride.Lack of arrogance even though one has the best pedigree, caste, beauty, austerity, wealth etc is called Uttam Mardava Dharma. Modesty is the gateway of salvation; it is the only way to attain continence, austerity & knowledge.3] Uttam AarjavaAarjava or Hrijuta means straightness. Due to passion of deceit the person itself suffers loss. A big pit of deceit is full of darkness of misbeliefs where a terrible snake of anger resides. A transmigratory jeeva loses his/her life in similar situation. Lack of deceit in mind, speech & by physique (body) is called Aarjava dharma.4] Uttam ShouchShouch or Shuchita means purity, cleanness. Internal purity or mind purity has given more importance here than that of external one. Greed is considered as father of all sins. The root of all sins is greed. It manipulates sorrows & griefs consequently.Shouch dharma can be experienced in the absence of the passion of greed.

5] Uttam SatyaSpeaking truth or renunciation of spurious speech is called Satya dharma. A gentleman who desires self upliftment knows well the uniqueness of Satya dharma. Thereafter he/she does not commit the sin of falsehood.6] Uttam SanyamControl by rational way is called Sanyam i.e. continence. It includes obeying five vows, five samitis, blockage of passions like anger etc & conquer over the subjects of five organs of sense.Continence is of two types –1] Pranee Sanyam – Wishing protection of all beings.2] Indriya Sanyam – Control over the five organs of sense.The only reason behind sorrows & calamities in life is incontinence i.e. Asanyam regarding five organs of sense. Conquering them is the only way to pleasure. That is why it is been said ‘Sanyami sadasukhi’ means the persons with continence are always blissful.7] Uttam Tapa‘Tapa’ means austerity. The word ‘Tapa’ is derived from the term ‘Tap’ with affix ach to it. The word means the one who burns the destructors like karmas by heating them.Tapa dharma plays a very important role in stabilizing the soul within the self nature by blocking the passions & subjects of five organs of sense through intrinsic & extrinsic austerity. Whenever the dignitaries heat the jeeva (resembling iron) in the furnace of austerity by applying the chemical/medicine of Samyak Darshan-Gyan-Charitra, the iron like jeeva transforms to gold. In short the soul becomes pure only due to austerity.8] Uttam TyagVanishing the distorting feelings is called Uttam Tyag. The person who desists from all exterior reasons arousing sinful feelings, keeps neutral emotions regarding physique enjoyment & materials of transmigratory world, acquires Uttam Tyag Dharma.9] Uttam AkinchanyaThe pure state of non-possessiveness is called Akinchanya. The soul is full of knowledge; it is sans comparable & sans colour. It is supreme & is an idol of bliss. It is sans organs & fearless. Contemplation or musing about soul in this way is called Akinchanya dharma. Avoiding attachment & hatred with all transmigratory things except special characters of soul like knowledge is called Akinchanya as well.

10] Uttam Bramhacharya‘Bramha’ means soul which is pure, knowledgeful, eternal & ‘charya’ means behavior, modesty. In short Bramhacharya is self engrossment & self stability. It is regarded as an ornament of soul & garland of virtues. Only the character holders are able to attain salvation.Thus the Dashadharmas concentrate the intension of jeeva to self & purifies the soul.*****************************************************************The tree of Dashlakshan dharma germinates through the soil of forgiveness. Forgiveness is the Prithvi tatva (Earth concept) which bears the mass of all. That is why it is called sahishnu i.e. tolerant. So the forgiveness is compared with Prithvi i.e. earth. The tree of dharma gives peak bliss, shelter of pleasure to many passengers to heaven & salvation at last. The tree has roots of Shouch, trunk of Satya, branches of Aarjava, delicate foliage of Mardava, beautiful green leaves of Sanyam, flower of Tapa & fragrance of Tyag which spreads in all directions. It has inflorescence of Akinchanya & shelter of Bramhacharya. The tree is protected by fencing of Ahinsa & pure water of noble characters.

LESSON 12SISXTEEN SPIRITUAL REFLECTIONS(Solahkaran Bhavana)

The concept which is mused periodically is called spiritual reflection or bhavana. Such bhavanas are of immense importance in spiritual development. The word ‘karan’ in Solahkaran bhavana has special importance which means reason. There are sixteen spiritual reflections which are reason to salvation or which have potential to be the causes of salvation. So called ‘Solahkaran bhavana’. The same are responsible for Teerthankara prakruti bandha. They include –1] Darshan Vishuddhi Bhavana 2] Vinay Sampannata Bhavana3] Sheelvrat Anatichar Bhavana 4] Abheekshna Gyanopyog Bhavana5] Abheekshana Sanveg Bhavana 6] Shaktitstyag Bhavana7] Shaktitstapa Bhavana 8] Sadhu Samadhi Bhavana9] Vaiyavrutyakaran Bhavana 10] Arhat Bhakti Bhavana11] Aacharya Bhakti Bhavana 12] Bahushruta Bhakti Bhavana13] Pravachan Bhakti Bhavana 14] Aavashyaka Aparihani Bhavana15] Marg Prabhavana Bhavana 16] Pravachan Vatsalya Bhavana

1] Darshan Vishuddhi BhavanaThis is the first bhavana among Solahkaran bhavanas. Remaining fifteen bhavanas will remain non-functional without Darshan Vishuddhi Bhavana. Darshan refers to Samyak darshan (right perception), Vishuddhi refers to purity, cleanness. In other words it means pure & clean, 25 faultless right perception. Out of crores of people only one metaphysician muses the eternal concepts due to which feelings of peak mercy generate in him about all kinds of organisms. These special & high level merciful feelings supported by right perception are responsible to bind ‘Teerthankara prakruti’Firm belief or deep interest on the path of salvation enlightened by Lord Jinendra i.e. nirgrantha digamber Jain dharma & obeying virtues like Nishankit (doubtlessness) etc is called Darshan Vishuddhi Bhavana.2] Vinay Sampannata Bhavana Renunciation of passions & reverence to real Gods, Scriptures & Preceptors along with knowledge & character who are medium for liberation is called Vinay Sampannata i.e. richness of modesty. Due to modesty our power get concentrated & centralized which makes impossible tasks possible. Modesty is an

ornament of gentle personality; it works as a ship to pass through the ocean of transmigration. In fact, it is the gateway for liberation/salvation.3] Sheelvrat Anatichar BhavanaObeying vow of ‘Viratichar’ to disclose & acquire self nature is called ‘Sheelvrateshvantichar’. There are vows like Ahinsa (non-violence) etc which need renunciation of anger etc, it is called sheel or moral character. Keeping pure intension of mind, speech & body while obeying the vows is called Sheelvrat Anatichar Bhavana.4] Abheekshna Gyanopyog Bhavana‘Abheekshna’ means continuous. Abheekshna + Gyan + Upyog means continuous use of knowledge. Soul has infinite virtues which perform different functions too! The virtue of knowledge introduces us to all things. Pleasure is virtue of soul. It can be experienced through knowledge only. As knowledge is essential to extract gold from gold mine & obtain diamond from coal mine, Abheekshna i.e. continuous use of knowledge is essential to desist the karmas from soul. Jain preachings are like ultimate medicine. It is a chemical equivalent to ambrosia which excretes physical pleasures of five organs of sense. It has capability to destroy all kinds of griefs & disorders including birth, agedness & death.5] Abheekshana Sanveg Bhavana‘Sanveg’ means frightening from world of transmigration which is full of enormous physical & psychological sorrows. We experience them when we lose something that we like & we gain something that we don’t like. Having fear in transmigratory sorrows & blissfulness in dharma & it’s fruitions is called Abheekshana Sanveg Bhavana. As there is no complete beauty of woman without kumkum, there is no importance of right perception without sanveg. Restless musing about transmigratory world & nature of body produces sanveg bhavana.6] Shaktitstyag BhavanaRenunciation as per capacity is called Shaktitstyag Bhavana. In short, it includes not crossing the own capacity & not hiding the capacity as well. Renunciation is nothing but donation by another way. It includes donation of wealth for able ascetics for their food, medicines, scriptures & other life saving efforts (i.e. Abhay daan).7] Shaktitstapa BhavanaDestruction of karmas is done through hard physical austerities without hiding the capacity or power. Performing external austerity for spiritual development is called Shaktitstapa Bhavana. Austerity contributes a lot. This bhavana works as a supreme chemical to weed out faulty practices in austerity.

8] Sadhu Samadhi Bhavana‘Sadhu’ means supreme & ‘Samadhi’ means death. Expecting the supreme death is called Sadhu Samadhi Bhavana. When fire catches our wealth, we try to extinguish it because our whole future life depends on it. When it seems to be impossible to extinguish the fire, we take out valuable articles out of fire zone. Similarly the nirgrantha sky clad saint having vows & character go for Sallekhana (the holy death).9] Vaiyavrutyakaran Bhavana‘Vaiyavrutta’ means pious service to the saints. If there is any calamity to saints or there is any disease to saint then serving them with pure medicines & making then free from risk is called Vaiyavrutta. It strengthens our right perception, develops an intention to accept virtues & empowers Nirvichikitsa i.e. doubtlessness. Hence Vaiyavrutta is obligation over self as well as others.10] Arhat Bhakti Bhavana‘Arhateeti Arhat’ means worshipping & reverence to adorable. It is called Arhant Bhakti Bhavana. Worshipping Lord Jinendra who is omniscient, passionless, benevolent & has 34 Atishayas (excellences), 8 Pratiharyas (auspicious emblems), 4 Anant chatushtayas (enormous pleasure-knowledge-power) & who is free from 18 faults is called Arhat Bhakti Bhavana.11] Aacharya Bhakti BhavanaAacharya is the one who himself obeys Panchachars & makes his disciples to follow the same. Aacharya has intension for well being of self as well as others. Reverence to such Aacharya with pure mind is called Aacharya Bhakti Bhavana. An Aacharya is considered like that of a ship which itself is crossing the ocean of transmigration as well as it is carrying others too! Reverence to such preceptors catalyzes acquisition of liberty. Acharya Bhakti is said to be the cause for binding of ‘Teerthankara prakruti’12] Bahushruta Bhakti BhavanaThe word ‘Bahushruta’ refers to Upaadhyaay Parmeshti. Reverence to Upaadyaayas who preach about path of salvation & are expert in Jinvani (Dwadshang i.e. 12 parts of whole knowledge) is called Bahushruta Bhakti Bhavana. 13] Pravachan Bhakti BhavanaPravachan means preachings given by Lord Jinendra. Such preachings are faultless & it deals with the wealth of soul & not to the wealth of transmigratory world. Reverence to such Jinvani preached by such passionless dignitaries is called Pravachan Bhakti Bhavana.

14] Aavashyaka Aparihani BhavanaAavashyaka & Aparihani concluding essential works flawlessly. There are six rituals for each shravaka & shramana (saints). Careful performance of those at right time without any kind of laziness is called Aavashyaka Aparihani Bhavana.Till now all the great dignitaries had became omniscient by passing through gunasthanas like Apramatta Apurvakarana etc only by following those six activities flawlessly.15] Marg Prabhavana BhavanaMarg means path. The path, by which the impure soul (soul full of sins) since time immemorial becomes pure, is nothing but the path of salvation, path of truth & path of Ahinsa! Disclosure & propagation of such path is called Marg Prabhavana Bhavana. We can introduce Satya dharma (path of truth) by exploring importance of Jain dharma (religion) by preaching Ratnatraya to the lives which are in panic due to darkness of ignorance. This is actual propagation. Hence palanquin for the explorer of path of salvation (i.e. Lord Anantnath) is performed on this day. Shramana propagate it through knowledge, contemplation & austerity while shravaka propagate through worship, donations etc.16] Pravachan Vatsalya BhavanaAs cow has natural affection for it’s calf, one should have similar feelings for other virtuous persons. This is called Pravachan Vatsalya Bhavana.

LESSON 13AURA(Leshya)

The state of soul which is full of passions & activities of yog (mind-speech-body/physique) is called aura (leshya). ‘Limpatiti leshya’ means leshya is the one which causes coating on the soul. In short, leshya makes coating of karmas over the soul. As thermometer is used to measure fever in body, feelings or emotions in the soul helps to know status of soul (i.e. aura).Basically aura (leshya) is of two types – 1] Dravyaleshya 2] Bhavleshya.The colour of body is called dravyaleshya (i.e. material aura) while emotional up-downs caused by karmas in soul is called bhavleshya (i.e. soul aura).Bhavleshya (soul aura) has six types –1] Krishna (Black) 2] Neel (Blue) 3] Kapot (Grey)4] Peet (Yellow) 5] Padm (White) 6] Shukl (Bright white)Out of these, first three are inauspicious while next three are auspicious. Inauspicious auras generate sinful feelings in mind while auspicious auras develop sacred feelings like satisfaction, love, mercy, friendship, peace etc. Different auras show varying signs as follows -1] Krishna auraThe one who is highly short tempered, irate & always thinks something bad, merciless, an atheist, keeps enmity & unsatisfied is said to have Krishna aura. This aura has black colour like that of beetle.2] Neel auraThe one who is commonsenseless, lazy, voluptuous, egoist, foolish, fraudulent is said to have Neel aura. This aura has blue colour like that of gem of Neel (i.e. Neelmani)3] Kapot auraThe one who is slanderous, jealousy, always griefful & has hateredness is said to have Kapot aura. This aura has grey colour like that of pigeon. 4] Peet auraThe one who knows properly the Do’s & Don’ts, eatables & non-eatables, is merciful & behaves with love to all is said to have Peet aura. Colour of this aura is golden yellow like that of gold.5] Padm aura

The one who has gentle disposition, is always blissful, worships real God-scriptures, benevolent, desires to forsake is said to have Padm aura. Colour of this aura is white like that of white lotus.6] Shukl auraThe one who does not discriminate, has affection towards all organisms, desist from sinful activities, is griefless & slanderless is said to have Shukl aura. Colour of this aura is bright white like that of milk.Let us illustrate all auras –There are six friends. When they see a tree of mango, each of them has different feelings. Those feelings indicate their aura.1] The person with Krishna aura thinks- I shall gain the mangoes by uprooting the whole tree.2] The person with Neel aura thinks- I shall gain the mangoes by cutting the branches & not tree.3] The person with Kapot aura thinks- I don’t think that this is the proper way to gain mangoes. I shall gain the fruit by cutting twigs only.4] The person with Peet aura thinks- I shall gain the mangoes by detaching the bunch of fruits only.5] The person with Padm aura thinks- I shall choose the ripened fruits only & not the bunch.6] The person with Shukl aura thinks- I shall pick up the fallen fruits only. Why I should perform unnecessary work & tease the tree?We get an idea regarding emotional upgradation from above example. As there is gradual purification in thinking, the emotions in auras also purify successively.

PICTURE

LESSON 14CONTEMPLATION(Dhyan) Concentration of mind in any object is called contemplation or Dhyan. In short, integrity of mind is called contemplation. There are four types of contemplations – 1] Aartadhyan 2] Roudradhyan 3] Dharmadhyan 4] Shukldhyan1] AartadhyanAarta means vexation or sorrow. Contemplation full of vexation or sorrow is called aartadhyan.Such persons are always suspicious, timid, unstable minded, sleepy & remain fascinated in the subjects of five sense organs. Aartadhyan is of four types –a) Isht viyog b) Anisht sanyog c) Vedana/Peeda chintan d) Nidan a) Isht viyogIsht means the dear person or the thing which we like. Periodical thinking about gaining of the dear person or thing which lost earlier is called Isht viyog aartadhyan.b) Anisht sanyogBeing sad when we meet the person or acquire the thing which we don’t like is called Anisht sanyog aartadhyan.c) Vedana/Peeda chintanThinking about the reed of pains those arise due to diseases like cancer, T.B. etc is called Vedana/Peeda chintan aartadhyan.d) Nidan Thinking about physical pleasure in future due to intense thrust of luxurious life is called Nidan aartadhyan.2] RoudradhyanRoudra means cruel. Thinking cruelly is called Roudradhyan. It has four types –a] Hinsadee roudradhayn- Enjoyment in violence/.b] Mrushanandee roudradhayn - Enjoyment in lying.c] Chouryanandee roudradhayn- Enjoyment in stealing.d] Parigrhanandee roudradhayn- Enjoyment in over possessions & it’s protection.3] Dharmadhyan Stabilization of mind in holy thoughts by renunciation of affections & maliceness is called dharmadhyan. It has four types –a] Aagya-vichay dharmadhyan – Musing about the principles preached by passionless omniscient Lord, strong belief & considerations as per those preachings by accepting those as a standard is called Aagya-vichay dharmadhyan.

b] Apay-vichay dharmadhyan – Some people intend to acquire salvation but presently they are on wrong path. Continuous musing about their deliverance from misbeliefs is called Apay-vichay dharmadhyan.c] Vipak-vichay dharmadhyan – Musing about nature of karmas by observing the joys of sorrows of self as well as of others which arise due to fruition of respective karmas, is called Vipak-vichay dharmadhyan.d]Sansthan-vichay dharmadyan – Thinking about shape of Teen lok, characters/features of matters is called Sansthan-vichay dharmadhyan.4] ShukldhyanWhen mental affections vanish, a saint achieves high level of purity & calmness of mind. This is the state of complete self-purification, it is called Shukldyan. This state can be achieved by only those great nirgrantha saints (Mahamunis) who remain totally engrossed in deep contemplation. Shukldhyan has four types –a] Pruthaktva vitarka veechar b] Ekatva vitarka aveecharc] Sukshmakriyapratipati shukldhyan d] Vyuparat kriyanivrutti shukldhyanShukldhyan cannot be achieved in this era due to low quality skeleton in our body i.e. heen sanhanan. First two shukldhyanas are attained by those munis that have knowledge of 14 purvas while remaining two shukldhyanas are attained by an omniscient only. Presently, in this Panchama age no muni can attain shukldhyan.The fruitfiulness of Aartadhyan is acquisition of Tiryancha destinity while that of Roudradhyan is hell destinity. Salvation can be achieved by Dharmadhyan & Shukldhyan. So it is high time to divert towards Dharmadhyan & stay away from Aartadhyan & Roudradhyan.*****************************************************************

Sangatyagaha kashayanam Nigraho vratadharane lMano@ kshanam jayshcheti Samagri dhyan janmane ll 7 ll

Renunciation of PossessionsDissolution of Passions

Acquisition of Vows like AhinsaConquer over Mind & Organs

These four are mediums for origin of contemplation.

LESSON 15STEPS IN SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT(Gunasthanas)

The different steps in spiritual development which show variety of ups & downs in emotions/feelings of jeeva through affections & mind-speech-physique/body are called gunasthanas. They include various stages from ignorance, misbelieving state to utmost pure state i.e. salvation. That is why gunasthana is referred as spiritual ladder & steps for upliftment of soul. There are fourteen gunasthanas –1] Mithyatva gunasthana 2] Sasadan gunasthana3] Samyak Mithyatva gunasthana 4] Avirat Samyaktva gunasthana5] Deshvirat/Sanyatasanyat gunasthana 6] Pramatt Sanyat gunasthana7] Apramatt Sanyat gunasthana 8] Apurvakaran gunasthana9] Anivruttikaran gunasthana 10] Sukshmasamparay gunasthana11] Upshantmoh gunasthana 12] Ksheenmoh gunasthana13] Sayog Kevali gunasthana 14] Ayog Kevali gunasthana1] Mithyatva gunasthanaMithya means untrue & drishti means view or belief. A jeeva is said to be Mithyadrishti due to fruition of the karma namely ‘Mithyadarshan’. As the tasty sweet items are also felt tasteless by the person suffered from acidity & fever, the jeeva with Mithyatva gunasthana has no interest in real dharma or religion. He considers faulty Gods, violent religion & fascinated preceptors in possessions as real God, scripture & preceptor respectively. Such jeeva affected by mis-considerations continuously wanders in this transmigratory world due to boundage of Gyanavarniya karmas namely ekant, vipreet, sanshay, vinay & agyan.2] Sasadan gunasthanaIt is characterized by the feelings in middle period i.e. between losing Samyaktva due to fruition of any of the passions from endless mundanes krodh, maan, maya, lobh & arousal of Mithyatva prakruti. 3] Samyak Mithyatva gunasthanaThe one whose view is Samyak (right) as well as Mithya (wrong) is called samyak-mithya drishti. It is like mixed taste of curd & jaggery. Combined feelings of samyaktva & mithyatva is called Samyak Mithyatva gunasthana.4] Avirat Samyaktva gunasthana

The jeeva with correct view & belief is called Samyak drishti. The samyakdrishti jeeva who do not follow continence is called Avirat samyak drishti & the gunasthana in which he is present is called Avirat Samyaktva gunasthana.5] Deshvirat/Sanyatasanyat gunasthanaSanyat means the one who follows continence. In this gunasthana, there is basic/preliminary forsaking of five sins. Such person do not kill trasa beings, so they are sanyat (have some continence) but they have not forsaked violence of sthavara beings, so they are asanyat too! (have some incontinence as well). Therefore this gunasthana is called Deshvirat/Sanyatasanyat gunasthana.6] Pramatt Sanyat gunasthanaThis gunasthana belongs to those munis that are following continence but rarely there is ignorance while performing routine activities.7] Apramatt Sanyat gunasthanaThe gunasthana belongs to those munis that are free from all kinds of ignorance & follow perfect continence. Such munis get engrossed in contemplation with noble vows, virtues & characters.8] Apurvakaran gunasthanaApurva means unprecedented & karan means feelings. Unprecedented effects or feelings are called Apurvakaran. In this gunasthana, the muni experiences such a feelings which were never experienced before. Those feelings are very pure & unadultered.9] Anivruttikaran gunasthanaA means no, nivrutti means difference, karan means feelings. It is the gunasthana where there is no difference in feelings. The gunasthana in which contemporary jeevas have similar feelings & non-contemporary jeevas have different feelings is called Anivruttikaran gunasthana. In this gunasthana there is corpulent decline or subsidence in Mohniya karma.10] Sukshmasamparay gunasthanaSamparay means passions. The gunasthana in which passions are minimized up to micro level & there is fruition of micro greed is called Sukshmasamparay gunasthana. In the last moments of this gunasthana the microgreed also either subsides or vanishes completely.11] Upshantmoh gunasthanaWhen a muni engrossed in contemplation rises the subsidence category & subside the micro passions, then he is said to be in Upshantmoh gunasthana. However in this gunasthana if there is fruition of the passions of greed then there is fall in gunasthana status of that muni.

12] Ksheenmoh gunasthanaArousal of highly pure feelings in soul due to complete destruction of all kinds of mohaniya karmas is called Ksheenmoh gunasthana. The muni that destructs mohaniya karma in 10th gunasthana rises to 12th gunasthana. There is no fall in spiritual status of jeeva from 12th gunasthana. Such jeeva is called ‘Veetrag chadmastha’ means passionless non-omniscient.13] Sayog Kevali gunasthanaThe word keval refers to kevalgyan i.e. omniscience. When complete mohaniya karma get destructed, the power of other karmas reduces & such jeeva vanishes all ghatee karmas (destructive karmas), surpasses ksheenmoh gunasthana & becomes sayog kevali i.e. an omniscient possessing physical presence. His knowledge is now beyond sensual concepts (i.e. Ateendriya) which do not need organs, light, mind etc to know the substance. We call such knowledge as omniscience. That is why we call him an omniscient i.e. kevali. Sayog kevali means an omniscient possessing physical presence is called Arihant or Parmatma kevali (supreme soul omniscient).14] Ayog Kevali gunasthanaThe one who has ‘Yog’ i.e. mind-speech-body is called Ayog kevali. When an omniscient begins final contemplation by stopping all activities of mind, speech & body he is said to be an Ayog kevali. Such Ayog kevali attain liberty from all bindings of karmas & body by burning remaining four minor & non-destructive karmas through the fire of contemplation. The period of this gunasthana is just that much which is required to pronounce five short letters ‘A E U RU LRU’(*****). Liberated souls have no gunasthanas. Their status is beyond all gunasthanas. They reside at the top Lok & are called Siddhas.The gunasthana of each living being in this transmigratory world is decided by it’s spiritual status which is based on fruition of respective karmas. Each & every jeeva of this universe belongs to one of the gunasthanas.E.g. Hell dwellers have gunasthana between 1 to 4 Gods have gunasthana between 1 to 4

Tiryanchas have gunasthana between 1 to 5Manushya (Humans) have gunasthana between 1 to 14

Thus a transmigratory jeeva attains eternal pleasure by stepwise spiritual development & never returns back to this transmigratory world which is full of griefs like birth & death.

OUR REGULAR DUTIES1] We must wake up early in the morning, before sunrise.2] Thereafter waking up recite Namokar incantation.3] After ablution bow humbly to parents & other all elders. Say Jay Jinendra to all.4] Perception of Lord Jinendra & Swadhyay.5] Donation in Jain temple. (As per capacity)6] Recitation of Namokar incantation before meal.7] Recitation of Namokar incantation 9 times after meal.8] Limitations on watching T.V.9] Never speak harsh & vulgar to anybody.10] Call elders with modesty.11] Communicate with open mind & commonsense with all.12] Do not quarrel with brother-sister & others as well.13] Avoid meal at night or in evening.14] Serve to father, mother, grandfather & grandmother before going to bed. Get blessings from all of them.15] Before going to bed, recite Namokar incantation 9 times.16] Say Jay Jinendra to all guests & always speak sweet & beneficial speech for all.17] Always obey orders of parents.

GLOSSARY

Anantachatushtaya - Four excellences of Jain Lord (Infinite conation, knowledge, bliss & power

Angs - Parts of the knowledge preached by Lord Jinendra. They are 11

Antaraya karma - The karma that does not allow completion of any task or acquisition of anything.

Anumodna - Approval/Support for a deed

Anuvrata - Minor vows to be followed by shravaka

Auspicious emblems - Eight auspicious signs with Lord Arihant. They are Divine kettle drum, throne, tree of Ashoka, shower of flowers, Chatra (Parasols), Chamar, divine speech & Bhamandal (Divine aura).

Darshanavarniya karma - The karma that covers perception intention or faith deluding karma

Diksha - Consecration for a religious ceremony

Gunasthana - 14 Stages of spiritual development until salvation

Gunvrata - Vows which increase virtues

Gyanavarniya karma -The karma that prevents soul from acquiring knowledge

Karita - Something getting done by others

Khava - Conglobated boiled milk

Krodh - Anger

Krut - Self performed

Lobh - Greed

Maan - Pride

Maya - Deceit

Mohniya karma - The karma which entangles a person in delusious things & does not allows realizing about genuine nature of soul

Nirvichikitsa - Lack of disgusting feeling towards saints & their bodily impurities

Nirmalya - The materials (dravya/things) used for worshipping.

Panchachar - Five kinds of special right conducts observed by Jain Aacharyas

Pratiharya - Eight auspicious emblems of Lord Arihant

Pratima - Eleven stages of renunciation of a shravak

Purva - Parts of the knowledge preached by Lord Jinendra They are 14

Sallekhana - The holy & totally attachmentless death accepted by Jain ascetics. It is the final & most important, essential ritual for a Jain ascetic

Samiti - Carefulness, discipline, to keep vigilance in activities

Shalaka purush - Particular 63 great personages like 24 Tirthankaras (Jain Lord), 12 Chakravartis (Emperor), 9 Narayanas, 9 Prati-Narayanas, 9 Balbhadras in Jain realm

Shikshavrata - Vows pertaining to religious instructions

Shrutkevali - Great saints well versed in whole scriptural knowledge

Sutaka-Pataka - Desisting away from all holy things for certain period because of birth or death in home or in relatives.

Vidhan - Particular procedural worshipping in Jainism

PERIOD FOR PURIFICATION SUTAKA-PATAKA

No. Period Birth Death Speciality1 Up to 3 generations 12 days 12 days -2 Up to 4 generations 10 days 10 days -3 Up to 5 generations 6 days 6 days -4 Up to 6 generations 4 days 4 days -5 Up to 7 generations 3 days 3 dyas -6 Up to 8 generations 1 dya (24hr) 1 dya (24hr) -7 Up to 9 generations 6 hr 6 hr -8 Up to 10 generations Until bath Untill bath -9 Daughter or other relatives

(in our home)3 days 3 days Not applicable

if come out home

10 Others- servents & domesticated animals(in our home)

1 day 1 day Not applicable if come out home

11 Home recluse, ascetic, in war

- 1 day -

12 Relatives from same race in foreign

- The day after getting information

-

13 Bleeding in womb(Up to 3 months foetus)

- The no. of days equal to the(for mother)

1 day for family members

14 After abortion(4 months to 6 months)

- The no. of days equal to the

1 day for family members

15 Birth of dead baby(death before cutting placenta)

- 10 days for mother

3 days for family members

16 Birth of live baby(but dies before cutting placenta)

- 10 days for mother

5 days for family members

17 Death of 3 year old child - 10 days for family

5 days for 3 generations

18 Death of 8 year old child - 10 days up to 3 generations

5 days for other generations

19 Accidental death(due to harassment of family members)

- 6 months Purification after expiation

20 Accidental death(without mistake of anybody)

- 12 days Purification after expiation

21 Abortion - 6 months Purification after expiation

22 Women on menses (M.C.) - - Purification after 4 days

23 Characterless men-women Throughout life

Throughout life

-

* An European scientist Dr. S.L. Sheekam had proved that hair roots, sweat & respiratory gas excreted by women having M.C. coantain hazardous toxin.* According to S.I. Yasif, thrre is secretion of ‘Minokeelan’ (toxin) through skin of women with M.C. It affects humans, cattles & numb things as well.* According to Dr. Vishaph, a toxin ‘Monopoxia’ is synthesized in the body of mwomen with M.C.A single touch by women with M.C. constricts the flower. Even her sight to papad & pickles spoil them. Food coocked by such women is hazardous to body as well.Scriptires resemble woman as wicked woman on first day of M.C., killer of Brahmin on second dya & washer woman on third day.Menstrual cycle is considerd impure in all sects includieng Jain, Christian, Yahudi, Parsi & Muslim.Such woman considered pure on fifth day for all holy activities like worshipping, Vidhan, Hawan (fire oblations ) etc.