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FIGURE 7. 2 Cell Yield and Surface Area FIGURE 7.2 Cell Yield and Surface Area. Relationship of volume of medium and cell yield to the surface area of a culture vessel. The graph is plotted on the basis of the volume of the medium for each size of vessel and is nonlinear, as smaller vessels tend to be used with proportionally more medium than is used with larger vessels. The cell yield is based on the volume of the medium and is approximate.
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FIGURE 7. 1 Morphology on Feeder Layers
FIGURE 7.1 Morphology on Feeder Layers. Morphological alteration in
cells growing on feeder layers: Fibroblasts from human breast
carcinoma (a) growing on plastic and (b) growing on a confluent
feeder layer of fetal human intestinal cells (FHI). Epithelial
cells from human breast carcinoma growing (c) on plastic and (d) on
same confluent feeder layer as in (b). FIGURE 7. 2 Cell Yield and
Surface Area
FIGURE 7.2 Cell Yield and Surface Area. Relationship of volume of
medium and cell yield to the surface area of a culture vessel. The
graph is plotted on the basis of the volume of the medium for each
size of vessel and is nonlinear, as smaller vessels tend to be used
with proportionally more medium than is used with larger vessels.
The cell yield is based on the volume of the medium and is
approximate. FIGURE 7. 3 Multiwell Plates
FIGURE 7.3 Multiwell Plates. Six-well, 24-well, and 96-well
(microtitration) plates. Plates are available with a wide range in
the number of wells, from 4 to 144 (see Table 7.2 for sizes and
capacities). FIGURE 7. 4 Petri Dishes. Dishes of 3. 5-, 5-, and
9-cm diameter
FIGURE 7.4 Petri Dishes. Dishes of 3.5-, 5-, and 9-cm diameter.
Square Petri dishes are also available, with dimensions 9 9 cm. A
grid pattern can be provided to help in scanning the dishfor
example, in counting coloniesbut can interfere with automatic
colony counting. FIGURE 7.5 Plastic Flasks. Sizes illustrated are
10 and 25 cm2 (Falcon, BD Biosciences), 75 cm2 (Corning), and 185
cm2 (Nalge Nunc) (see Table 7.2 for representative sizes and
capacities). FIGURE 7. 6 Multisurface Flask
FIGURE 7.6 Multisurface Flask. The Nunc Triple-Flask with three
80-cm2 growth surfaces that are seeded simultaneously. Although the
growth surface is 240 cm2, the shelf space is equivalent to a
regular 80-cm2 flask (See also Corning HyperFlask, Fig. 26.9). As
the head space for gas phase is smaller, this flask is best used
with a filter cap in a CO2 incubator (arrow). (Photograph courtesy
of Nalge Nunc International.) FIGURE 7.7 Stirrer Flasks. Four small
stirrer flasks (Techne), 500-mL capacity, with 250 mL medium,
on four-place stirrer rack (see also Figs. 12.5, 26.1, 26.2).
(Courtesy of Sterilin.) FIGURE 7. 8 Venting Petri Dishes and
Flasks. (a) Vented Petri dish
FIGURE 7.8 Venting Petri Dishes and Flasks. (a) Vented Petri dish.
Small ridges, 120apart, raise the lid from the base and prevent a
thin film of liquid (e.g., condensate) from sealing the lid and
reducing the rate of gas exchange. (b) Gas-permeable cap on 10-cm2
flask (Falcon, BD Biosciences). FIGURE 7. 9 Screw-Cap Vials and
Flasks
FIGURE 7.9 Screw-Cap Vials and Flasks. (a) Glass flasks are
suitable for replicate cultures or storage of samples, particularly
when plastic may not survive downstream processing. Screw caps are
preferable to stoppers, as they are less likely to leak, and they
protect the neck of the flask from contamination. (b) Scintillation
vials are particularly useful for isotope incorporation studies but
should not be reused for culture after containing scintillation
fluid. FIGURE 7. 10 Nonrandom Growth
FIGURE 7.10 Nonrandom Growth. Examples of ridges seen in cultured
monolayers in dishes and flasks, probably due to resonance in the
incubator from fan motors or to opening and closing of the
incubator doors. (Courtesy of Nunc.) FIGURE 7. 11 Hollow Fiber
Culture
FIGURE 7.11 Hollow Fiber Culture. A bundle of hollow fibers of
permeable plastic is enclosed in a transparent plastic outer
chamber and is accessible via either of the two side arms for
seeding cells and collecting high molecular weight product. During
culture the chamber is perfused from a reservoir, via a gas
exchanger and peristaltic pump, down the center of the hollow
fibers through connections attached to either end of the chamber.
(Courtesy of FiberCell, Inc.; see also Fig. 26.6; Plate 24.)