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Ch4 Carbon 5251.notebook 1 September 18, 2011 Figure 4.3 The shapes of three simple organic molecules Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

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Page 1: Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Ch4 Carbon 525­1.notebook

1

September 18, 2011

Figure 4.3 The shapes of three simple organic molecules

Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Page 2: Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Ch4 Carbon 525­1.notebook

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September 18, 2011

Figure 4.5 Variation in carbon skeletons

Figure 4.6 The role of hydrocarbons in fats

Page 3: Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Ch4 Carbon 525­1.notebook

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September 18, 2011Figure 4.7 Three types of isomers

 ­ Differ in covalent partners

­ Differ in arrangement about a double bond.  

­ Differ in spatial arrangement around an asymmetric carbon, resulting in molecules that are mirror images, like left and right hands.  

Biologically active ­ treats Parkinson's DiseaseBiologically Inactive ­ does not treat Parkinson's Disease

Importance of Structure and Function

Page 4: Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Ch4 Carbon 525­1.notebook

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September 18, 2011

Figure 4.8 The pharmacological importance of enantiomers

Figure 4.9 A comparison of chemical groups of female (estradiol) and male (testosterone) sex hormones (Importance of Functional Groups)

Page 5: Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Ch4 Carbon 525­1.notebook

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September 18, 2011

http://www.tutor­homework.com/Chemistry_Help/electronegativity_table/electronegativity.html

Figure 4.10 Some biologically important chemical groups

Page 6: Figure 4.4 Valences of the major elements of organic molecules

Ch4 Carbon 525­1.notebook

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September 18, 2011

Figure 4.10 Some biologically important chemical groups