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Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-6 Power Flow Diagram (Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale, Maha Unit Capacity 150MW)
Maha 2 PSPP
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd. 10-93
Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-7 Power Flow Diagram (Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela, Maha Unit Capacity 200MW)
Maha 2 PSPP
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd. 10-95
Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-8 Power Flow Diagram (Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela, Maha Unit Capacity 150MW)
Maha 2 PSPP
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd. 10-97
Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-9 Power Flow Diagram (Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela, Maha Unit Capacity 200MW)
Maha 2 PSPP
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd. 10-99
Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-10 Power Flow Diagram (Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale, Maha Unit Capacity 150MW)
Maha 2 PSPP
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd. 10-101
Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-11 Power Flow Diagram (Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale, Maha Unit Capacity 200MW)
Maha 2 PSPP
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd. 10-103
Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-12 Power Flow Diagram (Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela, Maha Unit Capacity 150MW)
Maha 2 PSPP
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd. 10-105
Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(2) Short Circuit Current Analysis
The three phase fault current analyses at bus conductours of Maha 2 PSPP, Kotmale P/S, and Kirindiwela are carried out for Hydro Maximum Night Peak cases and Thermal Maximum Night Peak cases, as the most severe loading cases. As shwon in Table 10.4.5-1, it is confirmed that the currents satisfies the criteria for all cases.
Table 10.4.5-1 The Three Phase Short Circuit Currents (in 2025)
Loading Scenario
Connection Unit Capacity of PSPP P/S, S/S Current
Hydro Maximum Night Peak
Kotmale P/S 200MW
Kotmale 220kV 25.6kA Maha 220kV 17.7kA
150MW Kotmale 220kV 25.5kA
Maha 220kV 17.7kA
PI Connection to T/L between Kotmale and
Kirindiwela
200MW Kotmale 220kV 25.1kA
Maha 220kV 22.1kA Kirindiwela 220kV 24.0kA
150MW Kotmale 220kV 25.0kA
Maha 220kV 22.1kA Kirindiwela 220kV 23.9kA
Thermal Maximum Night Peak
Kotmale P/S 200MW
Kotmale 220kV 21.6kA Maha 220kV 15.8kA
150MW Kotmale 220kV 21.5kA
Maha 220kV 15.8kA
PI Connection to T/L between Kotmale and
Kirindiwela
200MW Kotmale 220kV 21.0kA
Maha 220kV 19.8kA Kirindiwela 220kV 23.7kA
150MW Kotmale 220kV 22.8kA
Maha 220kV 20.2kA Kirindiwela 220kV 24.8kA
(Source: JICA Study Team)
(3) Transient Stability Analysis
1) Three phase line fault
In case of PI Connection to T/L between Kotmale P/S and KirindiwelaS/S, it is set that three phase line fault occurs at a point on T/L from Maha 2 PSPP to Kirindiwela since the load seems to be heavier than that on T/L from Maha PSPP to Kotmale for the simulation.
The results of transient stability analysis of three phase line fault are shown in Figure 10.4.5-13 to Figure 10.4.5-24.
Results show that network is stable for all cases.
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.
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Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
2) One Unit Tripping at Maha 2 PSPP
a) Frequency drop followed by loss of generator
The results of the dynamic simulation for one unit tripping Maha PSPP are shown in Figure 10.4.5-25 to Figure 10.4.5-32.
The results of study show that the system frequency did not drop to 48.75Hz which is criteria; load shedding is carried out.
In this regard, it is calculated that the system frequency dropping in Thermal maximum scenario is larger than that in Hydro maximum scenario. This is because there is difference of the number of power plants operated with free governor mode in Hydro Maximum cases (HMNP) and in Thermal Maximum cases (TMNP).
HMNP: Samanalawewa, Bowathenna, Kotmale, Upper Kotmale, Victoria, Puttalam, Ambalangoda, Sampoor
TMNP: Victoria, Kotmale, Kelanitissa
Considered the above-mentioned calculation results, it is assumed that the mumber of power plants with governor free mode has considerable impact on the power system stability. Therefore, it is suggested that free governor operation system should be considered for relatively large plants to be constructed in the future.
b) Frequency rise by loss of generator of pumping operation
The results of the dynamic simulation for one unit tripping Maha PSPP are shown in Figure 10.4.5-33 to Figure 10.4.5-36.
The results show that in very case, the system frequency does not excess 51.5Hz which is the criteria; the alarm of thermal power plants occurs for the system frequency rising.
In this regard, in the simulation, it is set that the coal power plants in the power grid (Puttalam, Ambalangoda, and Sampoor) are operated with free governor mode in the same manner as “a) Frequency drops followed by loss of generator”.
Therefore, it is suggested that free governor operation system should be considered for relatively large plants to be constructed in the future.
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.
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Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Hydro Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale, Maha Unit Capacity 200MW)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-13 Three-phase Fault at Maha end of Maha-Kotmale 220kV Line-USR
(Hydro Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale, Maha Unit Capacity 150MW)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-14 Three-phase Fault at Maha end of Maha-Kotmale 220kV Line-USR
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
0 5 10 15 20 25 30R
otor
Ang
le (d
eg)
Time (seconds)
-100
0
100
200
300
0 5 10 15 20 25 30Bus
Vol
ateg
(kV
)
Time (seconds)
-20-10
010203040
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Rot
or A
ngle
(deg
)
Time (seconds)
-500
50100150200250300
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Bus
Vol
ateg
(kV
)
Time (seconds)
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Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Hydro Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela, Maha Unit Capacity 200MW)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-15 Three-phase Fault at Maha end of Maha-Kirindiwela 220kV Line-USR
(Hydro Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela, Maha Unit Capacity 150MW)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-16 Three-phase Fault at Maha end of Maha-Kirindiwela 220kV Line-USR
-20
-10
0
10
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30R
otor
Ang
le (d
eg)
Time (seconds)
-100
0
100
200
300
0 5 10 15 20 25 30Bus
Vol
ateg
(kV
)
Time (seconds)
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Rot
or A
ngle
(deg
)
Time (seconds)
-100
0
100
200
300
0 5 10 15 20 25 30Bus
Vol
ateg
(kV
)
Time (seconds)
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Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale, Maha Unit Capacity 200MW)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-17 Three-phase Fault at Maha end of Maha-Kotmale 220kV Line-USR
(Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale, Maha Unit Capacity 150MW)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-18 Three-phase Fault at Maha end of Maha-Kotmale 220kV Line-USR
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30R
otor
Ang
le (d
eg)
Time (seconds)
-500
50100150200250300
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Bus
Vol
ateg
(kV
)
Time (seconds)
-30-20-10
0102030
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Rot
or A
ngle
(deg
)
Time (seconds)
-500
50100150200250300
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Bus
Vol
ateg
(kV
)
Time (seconds)
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.
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Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela, Maha Unit Capacity 200MW)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-19 Three-phase Fault at Maha end of Maha-Kirindiwela 220kV Line-USR
(Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela, Maha Unit Capacity 150MW)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-20 Three-phase Fault at Maha end of Maha-Kirindiwela 220kV Line-USR
-30
-20
-10
0
10
0 5 10 15 20 25 30R
otor
Ang
le (d
eg)
Time (seconds)
-500
50100150200250300
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Bus
Vol
ateg
(kV
)
Time (seconds)
-30
-20
-10
0
10
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Rot
or A
ngle
(deg
)
Time (seconds)
-500
50100150200250300
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Bus
Vol
ateg
(kV
)
Time (seconds)
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.
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Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Off Peak in 2025, Pumping Operation, Connected to Kotmale, Maha Unit Capacity 200MW)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-21 Three-phase Fault at Maha end of Maha-Kotmale 220kV Line-USR
(Off Peak in 2025, Pumping Operation, Connected to Kotmale, Maha Unit Capacity 150MW)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-22 Three-phase Fault at Maha end of Maha-Kotmale 220kV Line-USR
-120-100
-80-60-40-20
00 5 10 15 20 25 30
Rot
or A
ngle
(deg
)
Time (seconds)
-100
0
100
200
300
0 5 10 15 20 25 30Bus
Vol
ateg
(kV
)
Time (seconds)
-120-100
-80-60-40-20
00 5 10 15 20 25 30
Rot
or A
ngle
(deg
)
Time (seconds)
-100
0
100
200
300
0 5 10 15 20 25 30Bus
Vol
ateg
(kV
)
Time (seconds)
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.
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Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Off Peak in 2025, Pumping Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela, Maha Unit Capacity 200MW) (Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-23 Three-phase Fault at Maha end of Maha-Kirindiwela 220kV Line-USR
(Off Peak in 2025, Pumping Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela, Maha Unit Capacity 150MW)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-24 Three-phase Fault at Maha end of Maha-Kirindiwela 220kV Line-USR
-120-100
-80-60-40-20
00 5 10 15 20 25 30
Rot
or A
ngle
(deg
)
Time (seconds)
-100
0
100
200
300
0 5 10 15 20 25 30Bus
Vol
ateg
(kV
)
Time (seconds)
-120-100
-80-60-40-20
00 5 10 15 20 25 30
Rot
or A
ngle
(deg
)
Time (seconds)
-100
0
100
200
300
0 5 10 15 20 25 30Bus
Vol
ateg
(kV
)
Time (seconds)
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.
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Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Hydro Maximum Night Peak in 2025、Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale) (Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-25 200MW Unit Tripping at Maha PSPP
(Hydro Maximum Night Peak in 2025、Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale) (Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-26 150MW Unit Tripping at Maha PSPP
49.55
49.60
49.65
49.70
49.75
49.80
49.85
49.90
49.95
50.00
50.05
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Freq
uenc
y (H
z)
Time (seconds)
49.70
49.75
49.80
49.85
49.90
49.95
50.00
50.05
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Freq
uenc
y (H
z)
Time (seconds)
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Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Hydro Maximum Night Peak in 2025、Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela) (Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-27 200MW Unit Tripping at Maha PSPP
(Hydro Maximum Night Peak in 2025, Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela) (Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-28 150MW Unit Tripping at Maha PSPP
49.55
49.60
49.65
49.70
49.75
49.80
49.85
49.90
49.95
50.00
50.05
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Freq
uenc
y (H
z)
Time (seconds)
49.75
49.80
49.85
49.90
49.95
50.00
50.05
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Freq
uenc
y (H
z)
Time (seconds)
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.
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Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025、Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale) (Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-29 200MW Unit Tripping at Maha PSPP
(Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025、Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale) (Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-30 150MW Unit Tripping at Maha PSPP
49.00
49.10
49.20
49.30
49.40
49.50
49.60
49.70
49.80
49.90
50.00
50.10
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Freq
uenc
y (H
z)
Time (seconds)
49.30
49.40
49.50
49.60
49.70
49.80
49.90
50.00
50.10
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Freq
uenc
y (H
z)
Time (seconds)
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Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025、Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela) (Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-31 200MW Unit Tripping at Maha PSPP
(Thermal Maximum Night Peak in 2025、Generating Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela) (Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-32 150MW Unit Tripping at Maha PSPP
49.10
49.20
49.30
49.40
49.50
49.60
49.70
49.80
49.90
50.00
50.10
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Freq
uenc
y (H
z)
Time (seconds)
49.30
49.40
49.50
49.60
49.70
49.80
49.90
50.00
50.10
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Freq
uenc
y (H
z)
Time (seconds)
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Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Off Peak in 2025, Pumping Operation, Connected to Kotmale)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-33 200MW Unit Tripping at Maha PSPP
(Off Peak in 2025, Pumping Operation, Connected to Kotmale)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-34 150MW Unit Tripping at Maha PSPP
49.90
50.00
50.10
50.20
50.30
50.40
50.50
50.60
50.70
50.80
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Freq
uenc
y (H
z)
Time (seconds)
49.95
50.00
50.05
50.10
50.15
50.20
50.25
50.30
50.35
50.40
50.45
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Freq
uenc
y (H
z)
Time (seconds)
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Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka Final Report
(Off Peak in 2025, Pumping Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-35 200MW Unit Tripping at Maha PSPP
(Off Peak in 2025, Pumping Operation, Connected to Kotmale and Kirindiwela)
(Source: JICA Study Team)
Figure 10.4.5-36 150MW Unit Tripping at Maha PSPP
49.90
50.00
50.10
50.20
50.30
50.40
50.50
50.60
50.70
50.80
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Freq
uenc
y (H
z)
Time (seconds)
49.95
50.00
50.05
50.10
50.15
50.20
50.25
50.30
50.35
50.40
50.45
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Freq
uenc
y (H
z)
Time (seconds)
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