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Fighting for Independence
WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE
Make a question that you would put on the test on Wednesday? Answer your question?
WARM UP
After the lesson, students will be able to List in chronological order the major battles of the
Revolutionary War Describe the events and outcome of each major battle of
the Revolutionary War. Map out the British and Colonial routes Notes on most important battles
OBJECTIVES
Complete Time Line events Complete map of Battles
Follow directions given to you in the packet. Pick out 2 colors representing the Continental Army and the
British Army. (Example: Red: Continental Army Blue: British Army)
TODAY’S GOALS
April 19, 1775 1st battle in the American Revolution 700 British soldiers sent to destroy military supplies
in Concord. Met 70 armed militia met at Lexington. Pushed to Concord. Continental Army got supplies out before they
reached Concord. Americans “Won”
BATTLE OF LEXINGTON AND CONCORD
May 10, 1775 Meets in Philadelphia PA Took powers of central govt. Voted to ask the colonies for Supplies Named George Washington commander-in-chief
SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS
June 17,1775 British Attacked American Troops. Do not shoot until you see the “whites of their eyes” Americans turned back the British 2 times before
running out of ammunition British Won.
BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL
Written by Thomas Jeff erson Signed July 4, 1776
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
1776 Parliaments authorized an army of 55,000 including 30,000 mercenaries.
August 1776, these troops appeared off the coast of NYC
Commanded by Sir William Howe. Sent George Washington a conciliatory letter Washington refused the proposal British moved into action. British took NYC and held it until the war ended
Seven years later.
BRITAIN SENDS TROOPS
The Brtish forces followed Washington’s army up the Hudson River and,when he crossed to NJ, they pursued hom southward to the Delaware River.
Because of desertions, deaths, and captures, the American Army was now reduced to 5,000 and the continental Congress was forced to flee from Philadelphia to Baltimore.
BRITISH INVADE AMERICA
December 26, 1776George Washington crossed the DelawareSurprised drunk Hessians on December 26 th Killed & captured over 1,000 men in 45 minutes. Victory for Americans boosted morale.
BATTLE OF TRENTON
Keeping troops in-service was nearly impossibleWashington could never count on more than 20,000
under his command at any point. Washington begged for troops. Congress could only
ask the states. Congress lacked the power to tax Congress issued Continentals or paper money to be
used as currency instead of British coins. Robert Morris, a PA merchant and banker, personally
pledged large amounts of money for the war eff ort.
MONEY PROBLEMS
Benjamin Franklin became the principal American representative to France
France wouldn’t assist America the American struggle unless there was some hope of success.
FRENCH ASSISTANCE
October 1777General Burgoyne defeated by American forces by
General Horatio Gates British ministers off ered to grant the Americans
generous rights of self-government within the British Empire.
Win got France to recognize American independence ally with the Americans.
BATTLE OF SARATOGA
Winter 1777-1778 Fell at Battle of Brandywine and Germantown
BRITISH OCCUPY PHILADELPHIA
Winter 1778 Harsh winter for Washington’s men Reading on Winter at Valley Forge
WINTER AT VALLEY FORGE
1778 French Money, Soldiers, and naval power Essential to American Victory
ALLIANCE WITH FRANCE
1779 General Bernardo de Galvez
Ship supplies Defeated British at Baton Rouge
Made British divert troops
SPAIN ENTERS WAR
May, 1780 6 week siege Americans Surrendered
SIEGE OF CHARLESTON
1780Attempted to turn over Fort at West Point to the
BritishMessage was intercepted
BENEDICT ARNOLD’S TREASON
French blocked entrance at Chesapeake Bay
FRENCH AND BRITISH BATTLE IN CHESAPEAKE BAY
Oct 1781 French fleet prevented British from rescuing Cornwallis Surrounded on all sides at Yorktown and under
bombardments Cornwallis Surrenders
SIEGE OF YORKTOWN/CORNWALLIS SURRENDERS
The Treaty of Paris in 1783 acknowledged American independence granted the new nation land from the Atlantic Ocean to the
Mississippi River.
TREATY OF PARIS, 1783
Gave new hope to the oppressed in Europe and endangered the old system of monarchy and aristocracy
One of the Causes of the French Revolution Inspired French revolutionaries
Helped to ensure that the British monarch was made a figurehead.
Persuaded the British to allow their remaining colonies more self government.
INFLUENCE OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
What struggles did the American Continental Army face?
COOL DOWN