Fig. 15-CO, p.670

Food energy Metabolic pool

in body

Energy storage

Internal work

External work

Thermal energy(heat)

Energy outputEnergy input

Fig. 15-1, p.671

Table 15-1, p.672

Fig. 15-2, p.673

Fig. 15-3a, p.674

Fig. 15-3b, p.674

Fig. 15-3c, p.674

Fig. 15-4a, p.676

Fig. 15-4b, p.676

Fig. 15-4c, p.676

Fig. 15-4d, p.676

Fig. 15-5a, p.679

Fig. 15-5b, p.679

Supraoptic N.

Arcuate N.

Mammillary N.

Paraventricular N.

Fig. 15-6, p.680

Internal heatproduction

Heat input

External environment

Heat output

Core temperature

Total bodyheat content

Heat lossHeat gain

Fig. 15-11, p.686

Fig. 15-12, p.687

Snowball

Direction of arrows denotes direction of heat transfer

Liquidconvertedto gaseousvaporConvection

current

Heating pad

1 2

3 4

Fig. 15-13, p.689

Fig. 15-14, p.689

Cytosol

Nucleus

hsp70 genes

HSF-1 trimerizationand phosphorylation

hsp mRNA

HSF-1 trimer

hsp40

hsp70

hsp90

PPPPPP

HSEHSE

HSF-1 monomer

Dissociated complex

hsps preventinappropriate interactions

Multi-chaperone complex

hsp90 hsp70

HSF-1 monomer

hsp40

Unfoldedprotein

hsp90

hsp70

hsp40

Foldedprotein

Thermal stress

Fig. 15-16a, p.693

Fig. 15-16b, p.693

Table 15-2, p.694

p.694

Fig. 15-17, p.695

Fig. 15-18a, p.696

Fig. 15-18b, p.696

Anastomosingvein

Venae comitantes

Artery

Fig. 15-19, p.697

Fig. 15-19a, p.697

Brownfat

Blood flow in

Heat fromnonshiveringthermogenesis

Blood flow outSulzer’svein

Hypothalamus

Food Cold

Sympatheticnerve

3

Brown fat cell

MitochondrionNoradrenaline

Triglyceride

FFA

UCPH+

Heat

Respiratorychain

ADP

ATP

Thermogenin

Fig. 15-19b, p.697

Skin temperature Core temperature

Peripheral thermoreceptors(In skin)

Central thermoreceptors(In hypothalamus,

other areas of CNS, andabdominal organs)

Hypothalamicthermoregulatoryintegrating center

Sweat glandsSkin blood vesselsSkeletal muscles

SweatingSkin vasoconstriction

and vasodilationMuscle tone,

shivering

Sympatheticnervous system

Sympatheticnervous system

Motor neuronsBehavioraladaptations

Control of heat loss

Control ofheat loss

Control ofheat production

Control of heat production

or heat loss

Fig. 15-20, p.700