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Fifth Edition
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M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m sM a n a g I n g I n f o r m a t i o n T e c h n o l o g y i n t h e E – B u s i n e s s E n t e r p r i s e
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
C h a p t e r
James A. O’Brien
13Data
Resource
Management
Fifth EditionJames A. O’Brien 2M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
• Explain the importance of data resource management to an organization, and how it can be implemented by database management, database administration, and data planning activities.
• Outline the advantages of the database management approach to managing the data resources of a business.
• Explain how database management software helps business professionals and supports business operations and management of a business.
Chapter Objectives
Fifth EditionJames A. O’Brien 3M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
• Provide examples to illustrate each of the following concepts:– Major types of databases– Data warehouses and data mining– Logical data elements– Fundamental database structures– Database access methods– Database development.
Chapter Objectives
Fifth EditionJames A. O’Brien 4M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Logical Data Elements
EmployeeRecord 2
EmployeeRecord 1
EmployeeRecord 3
EmployeeRecord 4
Name SS Salary Name SS Salary Name SS Salary Name SS Salary
Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data
PersonnelDatabase
PayrollFile
BenefitsFile
Fifth EditionJames A. O’Brien 5M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
OperatingSystem
DatabaseManagement
System
ApplicationPrograms
OperatingSystem
DatabaseManagement
System
ApplicationPrograms
Databases
DataDictionary
DatabaseManagement
•Database Development•Database Interrogation•Database Maintenance•Application Development
Database Management Systems
Fifth EditionJames A. O’Brien 6M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Network Server
Network Server
ExternalDatabases onthe Internet &
Online Services
Client PC or
NCOperational
Databases ofthe Organization
DataMart
End UserDatabases
DataWarehouse
DistributedDatabases on
Intranets & Other
Networks
Major Types of Databases
Fifth EditionJames A. O’Brien 7M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Data Warehouse and Data Mining
Client PC or
NCAnalyticalData StoreEnterpriseWarehouseData MartData
AcquisitionSubsystem
WarehouseDesignSubsystem
DataManagementSubsystem
Data Accessand DeliverySubsystem
Data Accessand DeliverySubsystem
Web Information
System
Web Information
System
OperationalDatabases
MetadataDirectory
MetadataRepository
MetadataManagementSubsystem
Fifth EditionJames A. O’Brien 8M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Web-Based Systems
WebBrowser
Web ServerSoftware
Web ServerSoftware
NetworkServerThe Internet
IntranetsExtranets
Client PCsor NCs
HTML pagesGIF image filesVideo files
Web Objects
Fifth EditionJames A. O’Brien 9M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Data Resource Management
DataAdministratio
n
DataPlanning
DatabaseAdministration
Fifth EditionJames A. O’Brien 10M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Database Structures
Employee2
Employee2
A
Empno Ename Etitle Dept
1
2 B
3 C
Relational Structure
Network StructureHierarchical Structure
Employee3
Project BProject A
Dept Dname Dloc Dmgr
A
B
C
Employee2
Employee1
Project A
Employee1
Dept A Dept BDept
Project B
Fifth EditionJames A. O’Brien 11M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Database Structures (cont)
East
WestDenver
FebActual Budget
Margin
Sales TV
VCR
TV
VCR
MultidimensionalDatabase Structure
Attributes•Customer•BalanceOperations•Deposit•Withdraw
Bank Account Object
Attributes•Credit Line•Mthly StatementOperations•Calculate Interest•Print Mthly Statement
Checking AccountObject
Attributes•Credit Line•Mthly StatementOperations•Calculate Interest•Print Mthly Statement
Savings AccountObject
Object-OrientedDatabase Structure
Fifth EditionJames A. O’Brien 12M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Key Fields
SequentialAccess
SequentialOrganization
IndexedSequential
AccessMethod
KeyTransformation
Direct Access
URLs
Accessing Files and Databases
Fifth EditionJames A. O’Brien 13M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Database Development
User NeedsDescriptionUser NeedsDescription
1. Data Planning1. Data Planning
Enterprise ModelEnterprise Model
2. RequirementsSpecifications
2. RequirementsSpecifications
3. Conceptual Design3. Conceptual Design
4. Logical Design4. Logical Design
Physical ModelsPhysical Models
5. Physical Design5. Physical Design
Data ModelsData Models
Logical ModelsLogical Models
Fifth EditionJames A. O’Brien 14M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
• Data resource management is a critical management activity. Management roles include database administration, data planning, and data administration.
• Under the database management approach, data records are consolidated into databases that can be accessed by many different application programs, serving multiple users.
Chapter Summary
Fifth EditionJames A. O’Brien 15M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
• Database management systems are software packages that simplify the creation, use, and maintenance of databases.
• Several types of databases are used by organizations including operational, distributed, external, data warehouses and data marts.
• Database development for large corporate databases requires a top-down planning effort involving planning, requirements specification and logical and physical design.
Chapter Summary (cont)
