FHWA Data Mining Efforts to Develop Better Insights on Causes and Outcomes of Rollover

CrashesAna Maria Eigen

Kenneth S. Opiela

Federal Highway Administration

Prepared for: TRB ANB45(1) Rollover Subcommittee Meeting

Objective

To enhance understanding of roadway element data from collected but uncodified information

Insights and Precedents NCHRP projects

Roadside hardware identification (e.g.17-15,17-22) Proposed codification schemes for finite data set

NMVCCS data collection State-of-the art photographic data collection On-scene data collection

Office of Safety Roadway Departure Definition Fatality Analysis Reporting System variables and

attributes forming FHWA-accepted terminology Rollover contemplated indirectly •Insights and Precedents

•Supplementary Data Acquisition•Target publications•Next Steps

Problems with Current Data Sets How does the Roadway look?

On-scene Secondary source

Does the Roadway have effect? Injury causation Vehicle damage

Can the composite effect of driver, vehicle, and environment or be disaggregated into a singular effect? FHWA NHTSA

•Insights and Precedents•Supplementary Data Acquisition•Target publications•Next Steps

Supplementary Data Acquisition National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Study

2005 through 2007 (1.5 years weighted data) Case photographs

Fatality Analysis Reporting System 2001 through 2009, with geographical location Google Earth Images

National Automotive Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System Improved images, based upon NMVCCS model Case photographs

•Insights and Precedents•Supplementary Data Acquisition•Target publications•Next Steps

Relevant Variables and AttributesFARS Relevant

Object

Impact AttenuatorGuardrail Face

Concrete BarrierOther Traffic Barrier

Guardrail EndCable Barrier

FARS SecondaryLocation

ComparisonTWAY_IDTWAY_ID2

MILEPT

FARS Geographical

LocationLongitudeLatitude

FARS, NMVCCS, NASS CDS Vehicle

Body Type

PassengerCar

Sport UtilityVehicle

Van(mini, commercial)

Pick upTruck

•Insights and Precedents•Supplementary Data Acquisition•Target publications•Next Steps

SAS Query Parameters Yielding Crashes

NMVCCSNASS CDS

Relevant ObjectConcrete Traffic

BarrierImpact AttenuatorOther traffic barrier(includes guardrail)

2008 - onwardMetal guardrailCable guardrail

Summary of Data, by Availability

•Insights and Precedents•Supplementary Data Acquisition•Target publications•Next Steps

Geographical Location given for FARS, providing Google Earth CoordinatesNASS CDS and NMVCCS provide scene photographs

Relevant Data Sets

Potential Crashes for Review

Dataset YearsRelevant

Vehicles

Rollover among

Relevant Cases

Relevant Vehicles to Total

NMVCCS 2005-2007126,384

(439)26%

(20%) 3.1%

NASS CDS 2005-20091,542,633

(848)16%

(20%) 7.6%

FARS 2001-2009 794 45% 0.2%

•Insights and Precedents•Supplementary Data Acquisition•Target publications•Next Steps

Relevant: First Event, Barrier Impact

Improved NMVCCS Photography

Improved coding and photographic substantiation with regard to paint transfer

and vehicle interactions with barrier

Supplemental detail to coding with regard to barrier type &

installation features (e.g., height)

•Insights and Precedents•Supplementary Data Acquisition•Target publications•Next Steps

“The Role of a National Motor Vehicle Crash CausationStudy-Style Dataset in Analysis of Rollover Crashes “ (Eigen, 2010)

Example 1 Example 2

FARS Coded Data, Google Earth Image?

LATITUDE +46.0647LONGITUDE -112.773

1

3

Vehicle Event Attribute

1 Guardrail Face2 Jackknife*3 Bridge Rail4 Overturn5 Veh Airborne6 Ditch**

Ford F-Series PickupRollover CrashVehicle Fatalities, 2

•Insights and Precedents•Supplementary Data Acquisition•Target publications•Next Steps

5

2*

4

6**

?Note: *Jackknife may be inconsistent with pick up truck design. **Ditch may be embankment.

NASS CDS Data

Ford FusionVehicle Fatalities, 0 (AIS 1,7)Climb-over

Vehicle Event Attribute

Area of Damage

1Other Traffic Barrier Front

2Other Traffic Barrier Left

3 Rollover, 1 qt Left

LATITUDE UnpublishedLONGITUDE Unpublished

`

•Insights and Precedents•Supplementary Data Acquisition•Target publications•Next Steps

NMVCCS DataGeneral Crash Data

Occupant: 15 months - 79 YO

(4 occupants)Outcome: Uninjured

Parameter Attribute

Color Dark Green

Events 2

PreImpactEvents

Lane departure- right side Lane

return- right side Roadway

departure- left side

Estimated Distance of

Rollover 5 mOccupant: 15 months - 79

(4 occupants)Outcome: Uninjured

LATITUDE UnpublishedLONGITUDE Unpublished

•Insights and Precedents•Supplementary Data Acquisition•Target publications•Next Steps

Possible Relationships of Selected NMVCCS Variables to External Data

Selected Variables AASHTO-Applied FHWA-Compiled Other

Roa

dway

Cra

sh

Env

iron

men

t Posted Speed Limit functional class test speeds

Roadway Deficiency qualitative relationship to design issues such as radius of curvature roadway design

Surface Type Skid resistance public roadway inventory

Relation to Junction roadway design

Rol

love

r S

peci

fic

Object Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware, pending rollover criteria

Roadway design roadside environment

Location Roadside Design Guide, pending rollover criteria

roadside environment

Note: Those relationships contemplated in this study denoted in bold. Prospective relationships for future study in Italics.

•Insights and Precedents•Supplementary Data Acquisition•Target publications•Next Steps

Next Steps for Data Collection Identify remaining 2001 through 2005 FARS

crashes Compile photographic supplemental data set

using FARS 2001 through 2009 data NMVCCS 2005 through 2007 NASS CDS 2005 through 2009, properly

photographed Make data available to interested parties

•Insights and Precedents•Supplementary Data Acquisition•Target publications•Next Steps

Potential Benefits to Safety Community? Improved understanding of Rollover Crashes Added specificity to the Roadway Departure

Definition Increased codified data drawn from

compilation precedent Emphasized synergies drawn from continued

Interagency cooperation

•Insights and Precedents•Supplementary Data Acquisition•Target publications•Next Steps

Thank you for your attention

Contact Information:

Kenneth S. Opiela

Kenneth.Opiela@fhwa.dot.gov

Ana Maria Eigen

Ana.Eigen@dot.gov