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Early Japan Yayoi, ancestors of Japanese, buried their chiefs in Kofun, or large mounds of dirt. The Jomon were early settlers to Japan that made pottery and lived from fishing. Prince Shotoku used China’s government as a pattern for the Japanese government and created the world’s first known constitution (plan for government). Shinto literally means ‘way of the spirits” Jimmu the Yamoto leader took the title of emperor of heaven” A shrine is considerd to be a holy place. Animism is the belief that all things have a spirit! Clans are Japanese families that are related by blood or marriage.
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A.D. 300 TO A.D. 1500A.D. 300 TO A.D. 1500
Early JapanYayoi, ancestors of Japanese, buried their chiefs in Kofun, or large mounds of dirt. The Jomon were early settlers to Japan that made pottery and lived from fishing.Prince Shotoku used China’s government as a pattern for the Japanese government and created the world’s first known constitution (plan for government).Shinto literally means ‘way of the spirits”Jimmu the Yamoto leader took the title of emperor of heaven” A shrine is considerd to be a holy place.Animism is the belief that all things have a spirit!Clans are Japanese families that are related by blood or marriage.
Yamato PeriodYamato Period: 300-: 300-710710
“Great Kings” era
4 Islands4 Islands: Honshu, Shikoku, : Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, and HokkaidoKyushu, and HokkaidoNara Period: Nara Period: Emperors Emperors power came from ownership power came from ownership of land and crops.of land and crops.Began promoting the adoption of Began promoting the adoption of Chinese culture:Chinese culture: Confucianism.Confucianism. Language (Language (kanjikanji characters). characters). Buddhist sects.Buddhist sects. Chinese art & architecture.Chinese art & architecture. Government structure.Government structure.
Prince Shotoku: Prince Shotoku: 573-621 573-621 pg.488pg.488 Adopted Chinese
culture and Confucianism. Buddhist sects allowed to develop. Created a new government structure:
17 Article Constitution in 604.
Heian Period: 794-1156 Heian Period: 794-1156 pg.493pg.493CharacteristicsCharacteristics::
Growth of large landed estates.Growth of large landed estates. Arts & literature of China Arts & literature of China flourished. flourished. Elaborate court life [highly refined] Elaborate court life [highly refined]
ETIQUETTE. ETIQUETTE. Personal diaries Personal diaries
The Pillow BookThe Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon by Sei Shonagon [10c][10c]
Great novelGreat novel The Tale of GenjiThe Tale of Genji by by Lady Lady MurasakiMurasaki Shikibu Shikibu [1000 pgs.+] [1000 pgs.+]
Moving away from Chinese models inMoving away from Chinese models in religion, the arts, and government. religion, the arts, and government.
Heian Period:Heian Period:Cultural BorrowingCultural Borrowing
1.1.Chinese writing.Chinese writing.
2.2.Chinese artistic styles.Chinese artistic styles.
3.3.Buddhism [in the form Buddhism [in the form of of ZEN].ZEN].
4.4.BUT, not the Chinese BUT, not the Chinese civil civil service system! service system!
Heian Court DressHeian Court Dress
The Pillow BookThe Pillow Bookby Sei Shonagon (diary)by Sei Shonagon (diary)
The Pillow BookThe Pillow Bookby Sei Shonagon (diary)by Sei Shonagon (diary)
Tale of GenjiTale of Genji ( (first novel)first novel)
Tale of GenjiTale of Genji Scroll Scroll(first novel)(first novel)
Lady Murasaki Shikibu pg. 501-Lady Murasaki Shikibu pg. 501-502502
She contributed much to the Japanese script known as kana, while men wrote with Chinese characters, kanji.
Minamoto YoritomoMinamoto Yoritomo
Founded the Kamakura Shogunate: 1185-1333 (page
495)
FeudaFeudal l
SocietSocietyy
The emperor The emperor reigned, but reigned, but
did not always did not always rule!rule!
FeudalismFeudalismA political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service. Japan:Japan: Shogun
Daimyo Daimyo
Samurai Samurai Samurai
Peasant PeasantPeasantPeasant
Land - Shoen
Land - Shoen
Protection
Loyalty
Loyalty
Food
Code of Code of BushidoBushido* Fidelity* Politeness* Virility* Simplicity
Seppuku: Seppuku: Ritual SuicideRitual Suicide
Kaishaku – his “seconds”
It is honorable to die in this way.
Full Samurai AttireFull Samurai Attire
Samurai SwordSamurai Sword
Early Mounted Early Mounted Samurai WarriorsSamurai Warriors
Underpinnings: Basic Steps in Self Defense
A COTTON BREECH CLOUTA COTTON BREECH CLOUT that extended up over the chest was the basic undergarment of a samurai’s costume
A SHORT SLEEVED KIMONOA SHORT SLEEVED KIMONO, or “armor robe,” was tied snugly at the waist with a special knot (lower right)
BILLOWING BILLOWING PANTALOONSPANTALOONS,,worn over the armor robe, fitted loosely in the legs to allow freedom of movement
STURDY STURDY SHINGUARDSSHINGUARDS of cloth or leather were reinforced with strips of iron to give protection from the front
AN EXQUISITE AN EXQUISITE BROCADEBROCADE, richly worked with a design of peonies, was one of the extravagant materials used in an armor robe that may have been made for a 14th Century imperial prince
Samurai ChargingSamurai Charging
Modern-Day “Samurai Modern-Day “Samurai Warriors”Warriors”
FeudalismFeudalismA political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service. Europe: King
Lord Lord
Knight Knight Knight
Peasant PeasantPeasantPeasant
Land - Fief
Land - Fief
Protection
Loyalty
Loyalty
Food
Code of Code of ChivalryChivalry* Justice * Loyalty* Defense* Courage* Faith* Humility* Nobility
European knight Samurai Warrior
vs.
Medieval WarriorsMedieval Warriors
Knight’s Armor Samurai Armor
vs.
Medieval WarriorsMedieval Warriors
Zen Buddhism pg. 499
A Japanese variation of the Mahayana form of Buddhism, which came from India through China. It reinforced the Bushido values of mental and self-discipline.
Mongol“Invasio
ns”of Japan
4,400 ships and 140,000 men, but kamikaze winds stopped them.
Ashikaga Age: 1338-1573
► Shoguns fought for power.
Laws are unclear.
Less efficient than the Kamakura.
Armies of samurai protected the country.
C
A
S
T
L
E
S
Osaka Castle
Main Gate of Hiroshima Castle
Caernorfon Castle, Wales
1. Around A.D. 500, the ____ religion came to Japan from Korea. (Buddhist)2. In 1192, the newly appointed ____ created two governments in Japan. (Shogun)3. When the Mongols attacked the Kamakura shogunate in the 1200s, a(n) ____ helped the Japanese to defeat them. (Typhoon)4. Young samurai studied martial arts, astronomy, and(math).5. A Japanese warrior who pledged loyalty to a powerful military lord (Vassal)6. A powerful Japanese military lord (Daimyo)7. The commander of the Japanese military forces(shogun)8. “One who serves” or (Samurai)9. What is the bond of loyalty between a lord and a vassal (feudalism)
