Theatres of conflict

• Togoland –26 August 1914• France, Britain

• Cameroons –18 February 1916• France, Britain, Belgium

• German South West Africa –9 July 1915• South Africa

• German East Africa –25 Nov 1918• Britain, Belgium, Portugal,

South Africa

• Egypt• Fernando Po (Spanish)• Jubaland (Italian)

http://www.lrwieland.com/pboothe/Magnet-World-History-03-04/World%20History%20Magnet/2004_2005_MAIN/MAPS/Content_Maps/5th-Six-Weeks/Africa_1878_and_1914.jpg

Dr Anne Samson

Feet of endurance

20 JANUARY 2017

BREAKING THE MYTHS, MAIDSTONE

https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/85/83/f1/8583f1ee7c1f3d185f6b8197dc1bd7d5.jpg

East Africa Porters (estimated, incl casual / Seasonal labour)British - 1 millionBelgian – 260,000Portuguese –90,000German – 361,567

SoldiersBritish – 126,972 incl 42,400 Black,

18,845 SA Coloured, 10,250 IndiansBelgian – 14,000 incl 13,113 BlackPortuguese – 19,000 incl 3,000 BlackGerman – 15,000 incl 12,000 Black

Feet of Endurance

Number of cases carried on Hospital Ship Ebanifrom 11 March 1916 to December 31, 1917, British East campaign. British Ranks:

Total = 11437

Malaria 7209 (63.03%) Dysentery 1414 (12.36%) Gunshot Wounds 396 (3.46%) Debility 258 (2.26%) Rheumatism 133 (1.16%) Blackwater Fever 132(1.15%) DAH 117 (1.02%) Venereal Disease 108 (0.94%)VDH 108Enteric 104Appendicitis 75Hernia 75Silicosis 65Defective vision 61Diarrhoea 55Phthisis 51Pneumonia 51Otitis Media 49Epilepsy 47Injuries 42Bronchitis 46Fractures 39Gastritis 32Mental 27

Dental Caries 26Synovitis 26Abscess 25Boils 23Asthma 23Sunstroke 23Varicose veins 21Neurasthenia 21Opthalmia 33Sciatica 19Bilharzia 18Piles 18Dyspepsia 17Haemorrhoids 16Deformities 16Brights Disease 15Pleurisy 14Anaemia 14Adenitis (NV) 13Deafness 13

Amputation (GSW) 13Loose Cartilage Knee 13Nephritis 12ICT 12Jaundice 10Neuritis 10Beri Beri 10Rheumatic Fever 9Varicocele 9Orchitis 9Burns 9OSM 8

Fistula 7Arthritis 7Malignant Growth 6Gastric Ulcer 6Heatstroke 7Corneal Ulcer 6Colitis 7Epididymitis 6Stricture Urethral 7Tonsilitis 7Paratyphoid 5Periostitis 5Tumours 5Dengue Fever 5Septic Hand 5Relapsing Fever 4PM Debility 4Paralysis 6Lumbago 5Iritis 4Conjunctivitis 5Thrombosis 4Sprains 3Shell Shock 3Haematuria 3Contusions 3PUO 4Gastritis 4Colic 3Pysoriasis 3Anterior Schlarosis 3Frolapsus Recti 3

Polypus 3Necrosis Bone 4Enlarged Prostrate 3Pyaemia 4Old Wound 3Boils 3Laryngitis 3Renal Calculus 3Duodenal Ulcer 3Spastic Paralysis 3Cystitis 3Measles 3Enteritis 2Amputation (not GSW) 2Paresis of leg 2Balanitis 2Retention of urine 2Scabies 2Bubocele 2Inflammation of glands 2TB 2Carbuncle 2Influenza 2Bilary Colic 2Ecxema 2Neuralogia 2

Casualties of War

SANDF Doc Centre

for photos from the NP Jewell medical collection - http://www.maryevans.com/lb.php?ref=36057

Local conditions

http://geogreif.uni-greifswald.de/geogreif/geogreif-content/upload/them/VerwaltungskarteKamerun.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:S%C3%BCdwestafrika_1915.jpg

http://www.deutsche-schutzgebiete.de/webpages/Togo_Karte_1912.jpg

http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p0257hvf

http://peterbaxterafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/water-women.jpg

http://s400910952.websitehome.co.uk/germancolonialuniforms/wiki/Bundesarchiv_Bild_105-DOA5035,_Deutsch-Ostafrika,_Bau_eines_Flugzeugs.jpg

http://samilitaryhistory.org/vo042jmb.jpg

http://www.africaresearchinstitute.org/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/askari-portuguese-east-africa-oldest-survivor.jpg

13 August 1917

C23. Remained in camp all day. 98 sick and wounded

evacuated; SB MSA 2458 (Lin 405938) Juma Smedi

and SB MSA 2444 Moosa Bilali were given 15 lashes

each and fined Ro15 each for attempted desertion -

they were absent without leave for three days, and went

from Lr Schaedels to Lindi. They stated that they went

to Lindi to buy cigarettes. They returned to Lr

Schaedels and joined the section again of their own

accord.

101 patients evacuated in all during day. (NPJ)

Desertion23 August 1917

Banda building proceeding. The four bearers

viz MSA 1675 Thagalu Ali, DAR Abdulla

Omari 703805, DAR 703714 Saidi Hassan,

DAR 714884 Mohammadi Ramzani and

DAR 725146 Zebere Mangoera (Porter)

returned to camp and stated that they were

out getting water when the shelling started

and took to the bush with the other

porters. The bearers were given five lashes

each. (NPJ)

5 September 1917 SAS Zorawar Singh returned to duty, also QMS Anderson. Fibrous tumour removed from the

chin of one of our porters. Corporal Ziegler off duty in the evening sick. (NPJ)

SB MSA 2453 Mabruki who was sentenced to Ro15 fine and 18 lashes for leaving the section and

going into Lindi on 22nd inst without orders and was absent three days, was given the 18 lashes. The delay was

caused by SB Mabruki again deserting on hearing his sentence. He returned on 14th inst. SB Dar 714884

Ramzani was given 15 lashes for deserting the ambulance during the shelling of camp TC. He was absent

nearly a fortnight. (NPJ)

Norman Parsons Jewell War Diaries transcribed in On Call in Africa in war and peace 1910-1932 from War Diaries at The National Archives

Challenging myths

Author’s own photos

Challenging myths

https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/11/76/1d/11761de745223d6b4150de5e82d830d0.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Four_soldiers_of_King_Edward_VII%27s_African_Rifles_by_Sir_(John)_Benjamin_Stone.jpg

http://s400910952.websitehome.co.uk/germancolonialuniforms/wiki/doa%20target%20practice.jpg

https://bsap.org/images/surrendergermanaskari225px.jpg