Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs 1 The German Tolling Prospects Edith Buss Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs

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Bundesministeriumfür Verkehr, Bau undStadtentwicklung

Federal Ministryof Transport, Buildingand Urban Affairs

The German Tolling Prospects

Edith Buss

Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs

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Legal Framework

• Coalition agreement of October 1998 “For the purpose of a fair allocation of infrastructure costs,

the time-related motorway user charge for lorries will bereplaced as early as possible with an electronic fee collectionsystem based on the vehicle mileage. This will also contribute to shifting a certain percentage of goods carried to rail and waterway transport.”

• 12 April 2002: Motorway toll act enters into law– HGVs with a maximum permissible weight of 12 t or more– Charges based on the exact number of kilometers driven– Non discrimination: Automatic and manual booking– Toll rates according to number of axles and emission categories: 9-14 cents/km– Earmarking of revenue

• 1 January 2005– Tolling started on the Federal motorways

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Objectives

• To introduce infrastructure charging based

on the “user pays” principle

• To secure funding for the further upgrading and maintenance of

transport infrastructures

• To provide an incentive to shift freight traffic to the rail and waterway

modes, in the interests of the environment, and to deploy HGVs more

efficiently

• To promote innovative technologies

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Germany

One operator

- 12,000 km

- 2,200 motorway junctions

- 250 motorway intersections

HGVs subject to tolls

- approx. 1.5 million HGVs

- approx. 35 % foreign HGVs

Mileage subject to tolls

- approx. 22.7 bn km per year

- approx. 35 % by foreign HGVs

Comparison with ASECAP (2005)

- 16 European countries

- 126 operators

- 24,600 km

Infrastructure

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From Infrastructure Costs to Tolls

Total costs for motorways: € 7.5 bn

Costs imposed by HGVs on motorways: € 3.4 bn

Pro rata HGV mileage: 22.7 bn km

Average toll rate: 15 cents/km

To reduce burden on hauliers by € 600 million:

Average toll rate: 12.4 cents/km

Pricing by axles

and emission classes: 9 -14 cents/km

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System structure

Manual booking

Internet Terminal

Automatic tolling

GSM

GPS

Federal Officefor Goods Transport

Toll Collect data processingcentre

Toll revenue invoicing and remuneration, toll recovery and fines

HGV on-board unit

Satellite positioning via GPS, data transmissionvia mobile communications network

@

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On-Board-Units (1/2)

07 May 2007Number of

usersRegistered

vehicle Installed OBUs

A total of 114.263 861,819 571.716

Germany 75.770 483.474 353.638

Poland 5.955 55.378 42.616

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On-Board-Units (2/2)

Automatic log-on Manual log-on

90 % 10 %

OBU

Internet Terminal

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Toll revenue (1/2)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

Jan. Feb. March April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

To

ll r

even

ue

in €

(m

illi

on

)

2007 2006 2005

2005:

€ 2.86 billion (gross)

2006:

€ 3.08 billion (gross)

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Integrated Transport Policy

Toll revenue is used to improve transport infrastructure

– 50 % for road infrastructure

– 38 % for railways

– 12 % for waterways

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Enforcement (1/2)

• Effective enforcement by means of spot checks• Four different types of spot check

– Automatic checks backed up by video– Stationary checks following automatic checks– Mobile checks– Checks on the premises of German haulage

companies

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Enforcement (2/2)

• Results of checks– Spot checks 10 % of trips– Violations below 2 % (original

estimate: 5 %)

• Fines up to € 20,000• Fines for first offenders:

– Haulier (intentional offense) € 400– Haulier (negligence) € 200– Driver half the company fine

in each case

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Effects of the Tolls

• For the first time the proportion of empty long-distance journeys fell under 10 %

• Number of empty kilometres in own-account operations fell by 7 %, which was higher than the fall in loaded kilometres (4 %)

• Number of containers carried by train within 5 month approx. 7 % higher than in the same period of 2005

• Share of cleaner vehicles rose

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Interoperability and European Transport Policy (1/2)

Directive 2004/52/EC on interoperability of electronic road toll systems Objectives

– Appropriate level of interoperability at the European level – One single OBU, one single contract, one billing– Implementation of an European electronic toll service

Technologies– Satellite positioning– Mobile communication using the GSM-GPRS standard– 5,8 GHz microwave technology– Recommendation for satellite positioning and mobile communication

Underline importance of the GALILEO European satellite navigation system

One Onboard-Unit, one contract

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Interoperability and European Transport Policy (2/2)

• Interoperability with neighbour countries– German toll system has an interface for DSRC systems – Basis for interoperability with DSRC systems

• Interoperability with Austria– German OBU will be able to levy tolls in Austria– First time interoperability between microwave und satellite based

technology

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Prospects

• HGV tolling: it is the key project in the reform of transport policy

• Largest PPP project in Germany– HGV tolling means changeover to “user pays” principle

• Toll Collect is competitive and a world leader in tolling technology– Support to industry in marketing– Great international interest (Europe, China, Russia, USA)

• The stage has been set for intelligent traffic management systems:– Variation according to place and time of day– Value added services

Documents

Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs 1 The German Tolling Prospects Edith Buss Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs