14
Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial

Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial

Federal Government

Three Branches: LegislativeExecutiveJudicial

Page 2: Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial
Page 3: Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial

Legislative Branch

• Created by the first article of the Constitution

• Set requirements of those who serve in Congress

• Constitution created a bicameral legislature

Page 4: Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial

Bicameral Legislature

Senate• Two Representatives

from each state• Qualifications: 35 yrs

old, citizen of U.S. for 9 yrs, and resident of state he/she represents

• Terms spread out so that only 1/3 of the whole Senate is elected in a single election

• Total Members= 100

House of Representatives

• Based on population• Larger states= more reps• 2013- MS=4, California=53• Qualifications: 25 yrs old,

citizen of U.S. for 7 yrs, and resident of state he/she represents.

• Two year terms-elected in Nov. on even number years

• Total Members=435• Reapportionment Act of 1929

set limit. Mississippi’s Current Senators: Thad Cochran & Roger Wicker

Mississippi’s Current Representatives: Alan Nunnelee, Bennie Thompson, Gregg Harper, Steven Palazzo

Page 5: Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial
Page 6: Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial

Legislative Powers

• Expressed Powers- those specifically given to Congress in Constitution

• Implied Powers- given to Congress in Article I, of Constitution…AKA the Elastic Clause

• Elastic Clause- gives Congress the authority to make all laws “necessary and proper” for carrying out the expressed powers granted in the Constitution

Page 7: Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial

Legislative Powers

Impeachment Powers• House of Representatives

has the power to impeach (bring charges against a public official while that person is still in office)

• The Senate has the power to try that impeached official.

Other Powers• Bills to raise revenue must

start in House• Senate- ratify treaties and

confirm the presidents choice of individuals to serve as cabinet members

Page 8: Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial

Executive Branch

• 1787- Constitutional Convention decided to have a single chief executive- PRESIDENT

• Electoral College chooses president

Page 9: Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial

Choosing a President• Electoral College members are

chosen from each state• Number of electors from each state

equals the number of representatives it has in Senate and House.

• So altogether there are 538 electoral college votes... 100 from Senate, 435 from House, and District of Columbia gets 3 votes

• A vote for a presidential candidate is basically a vote for the candidates electors.

• Whoever wins the popular vote in each state wins that state’s electoral votes

Page 10: Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial

Executive Branch:The Presidency, Vice President, 15 Cabinet members,

and Various agencies

• President & Vice President- at least 35 years old, natural born citizen, and resident of U.S. for at least 14 years.

• Both elected for four years and can be re-elected once

• Vice President- assumes the presidency if president dies, resigns, or is impeached.

• If VP cannot assume the duties, government follows a line of succession

Page 11: Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial

First 13 in the Presidential Line of Succession

Officer Current Official

Page 12: Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial

The Judicial Branch • Supreme Court and all lower federal

courts• Duties include: deciding on the

meaning of the Constitution and laws. Also protects individual citizens from any ill treatment by other branches of government

Page 13: Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial

Supreme Court• Highest court in the land• Made up of Chief Justice and 8 associate

judges, President appoints these positions• Serve for life or retire• Has both original and appellate jurisdiction• Greatest power- Judicial Review-ability to

set aside the actions of the legislature or executive branches of any government agency.

• Court can declare laws or presidential acts as unconstitutional.

Page 14: Federal Government Three Branches: Legislative Executive Judicial

Other Federal Courts

•Judiciary Act of 1789- established circuit courts of appeal and district courts•Congress divided nation into 11 judicial circuits•Each circuit- between 1 and 24 judges•MS is in 5th Federal Circuit Court District•District courts- use juries and witnesses in trial•Appellate courts- no juries or witnesses, just lawyers