FDR AND THE NEW DEAL New Deal Election of 1932 New President New Ideas

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL

• New Deal

• Election of 1932

• New President New Ideas


• PHASE ONE

• First 100 days

• Depression hit hard


• March 1933 and June 1933

• Legislation

• 3 basic categories of Legislation


• Relief

• Recovery

• Reform


• RELIEF

• Banking concerns–Run on banks contributed to depression


• First order of business

• “Bank holiday” closed all banks

• Federal inspectors examined all banks


• Those deemed solvent reopened

• Two thirds reopened

• Restored confidence in banking industry


• Glass-Stegal banking act• Established Federal Deposit

Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

• Insured accounts up to 2,500 dollars


• Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)

• Loans to states to create programs to reduce unemployment


• Civilian Conservation Corp

• Civil Works Administration


• Civilian Conservation Corps

• (CCC)

1933

put young men to work


• Ages between 18-28• Forest and parks• Popular of all New Deal• Temporary employment about

1 year• Lasted until 1934

Franklin D. Roosevelt

• Civil Works Administration (CWA)

• Temporary program–Get people back to work

–Winter 1934


• 4 million had government jobs–Make busy work

–Severe criticism


»RECOVERY

»Agriculture Adjustment

»Act


• Increase farm income by reducing crop growing

• Paid farmers not to grow crops

• Tax on food processors paid the shortfall


• By 1935 farm income raised by 50 percent

• However some small and tenant farmers were forced off land


• National Recovery Act (NRA)

• “codes of fair competition”

• Minimum wage

• Maximum hours

• Price fixing controls

• Collective bargaining


• Created Public Works Administration (PWA)

• Building projects including dams and buildings

• Not as successful business did not trust government


• NRA collapsed before it was deemed unconstitutional by Supreme Court


• REFORM

–TVA

–Tennessee Valley Authority

–Developed area that was eroded


–Over cut forests led to uncontrollable flooding of Tennessee River


• Rural area void of electricity

• Series of dams and locks

• Made river navigable

• Generated electricity for entire rural region


• Greatly improved standard of living

• Conflict between large utilities and government

• Ashwander v. TVA (1936)


• Supreme Court ruled in favor of government because land to develop TVA was acquired legally


• SEC (Security and Exchange Commission)

• Regulated stock market

• Took nation off gold standard


• Dollar would compete with other currency


• Second New Deal

• Relief and Recovery

• Federal Arts Project

• First time gave aid to artists

• Money for concerts to small towns


• Rural Electrification Administration

• Cooperatives to build electric transmission plants


• National Labor Relations Act creation of NLRB

• Allowed to workers to elect

• Which union they wanted to join


• No discrimination if they joined a union


• Social Security Act

• Pension supported by taxes for elderly

• Small pension for elderly

• Unemployment compensation


• Support for survivors

• Health insurance

• Health insurance was dropped in a compromise


• Banking Act of 1935–Increased the power of the

Federal Reserve Board

–Federal Housing Authority• FHA


• Home loans at discounted rates

• Increased home ownership to low and middle class


• Republicans gained seats in election of 1934 and 1938

• Challenged New Deal

• Took many to Supreme Court


• New Deal programs were deemed unconstitutional

• Too Much Power to President

• Too Much Federal power

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.southparkx.net/gallery/data/media/27/cartman.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.southparkx.net/gallery/details.php%3Fimage_id%3D455&h=400&w=550&sz=54&tbnid=mDzyYiFfQA4IDM:&tbnh=97&tbnw=133&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dcartman&start=2&sa=X&oi=images&ct=image&cd=2

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.southparkx.net/gallery/data/media/27/cartman.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.southparkx.net/gallery/details.php%3Fimage_id%3D455&h=400&w=550&sz=54&tbnid=mDzyYiFfQA4IDM:&tbnh=97&tbnw=133&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dcartman&start=2&sa=X&oi=images&ct=image&cd=2


• Roosevelt upset with Court

http://newdeal.feri.org/court/024.htm


• 1938 Roosevelt suggested to add 4 judges to court and replace all over 70


• This would have swayed the court

• “Court Packing”

• Proofed to be a mistake for Roosevelt


• Failed however several judges retired allowing Roosevelt to appoint new judges

• He got what he wanted

http://home.fuse.net/camelot/WMD/Graphics/hulka.bmp

http://home.fuse.net/camelot/WMD/Graphics/hulka.bmp


•Legacy of the New Deal• 1. Extension of Federal

Power• 2. Extension of the Power

of the President


• 3. Deficit Spending

• 4. Federal Social Programs


• 5. Greater Concern for Labor and Workers

• 6. Conservation Gains

• 7. Renewal of the faith in Democracy


• New Deal will influence lives to the present

• Trouble on the Horizon

http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A9iby4frhUxF4kUBBv6JzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBkZG5udXMwBHBvcwMyMgRzZWMDc3I-/SIG=1jc0d2s0p/EXP=1162729323/**http%3A//images.search.yahoo.com/search/images/view%3Fback=http%253A%252F%252Fimages.search.yahoo.com%252Fsearch%252Fimages%253Fp%253DRise%252Bof%252Bthe%252BDictators%2526ei%253DUTF-8%2526qp_p%253Drise%252Bthe%252Bdictators%2526imgsz%253Dall%2526fr%253Dyfp-t-501%2526b%253D21%26w=99%26h=126%26imgurl=www.idsall.shropshire.sch.uk%252Fcurriculum%252Fimages%252FAdolfHitler.jpg%26rurl=http%253A%252F%252Fwww.idsall.shropshire.sch.uk%252Fcurriculum%252FHistoryYear9Spring.htm%26size=2.6kB%26name=AdolfHitler.jpg%26p=Rise%2Bof%2Bthe%2BDictators%26type=jpeg%26no=22%26tt=34%26oid=405beba7265e536c%26ei=UTF-8

http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A9iby4frhUxF4kUBC_6JzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBkNHNkYWE3BHBvcwMyNwRzZWMDc3I-/SIG=1j2lkkrks/EXP=1162729323/**http%3A//images.search.yahoo.com/search/images/view%3Fback=http%253A%252F%252Fimages.search.yahoo.com%252Fsearch%252Fimages%253Fp%253DRise%252Bof%252Bthe%252BDictators%2526ei%253DUTF-8%2526qp_p%253Drise%252Bthe%252Bdictators%2526imgsz%253Dall%2526fr%253Dyfp-t-501%2526b%253D21%26w=150%26h=204%26imgurl=www.pipebombnews.com%252Fimages%252Fmussolini.jpg%26rurl=http%253A%252F%252Fshs.westport.k12.ct.us%252Frust%252FPeriod%252520Five%25252004-05%252FPerFive.may.htm%26size=10.4kB%26name=mussolini.jpg%26p=Rise%2Bof%2Bthe%2BDictators%26type=jpeg%26no=27%26tt=34%26oid=2293906ea14a512a%26ei=UTF-8

http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A9iby4UYhkxFFzUAviOJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBjcXBoZjEwBHBvcwMzBHNlYwNzcg--/SIG=1j09ujsuj/EXP=1162729368/**http%3A//images.search.yahoo.com/search/images/view%3Fback=http%253A%252F%252Fimages.search.yahoo.com%252Fsearch%252Fimages%253Fp%253DHirohito%2526sp%253D1%2526fr2%253Dsp-top%2526ei%253DUTF-8%2526fr%253Dyfp-t-501%2526x%253Dwrt%2526ei%253DUTF-8%2526SpellState%253Dn-2468528373_q-L41fCDE5pqw%252FGgjtgEirgAABAA%2540%2540%26w=238%26h=338%26imgurl=upload.wikimedia.org%252Fwikipedia%252Feo%252F9%252F9d%252FHirohito.jpg%26rurl=http%253A%252F%252Feo.wikipedia.org%252Fwiki%252FHirohito%26size=9.6kB%26name=Hirohito.jpg%26p=Hirohito%26type=jpeg%26no=3%26tt=4,175%26oid=d7ea478a2d6562de%26ei=UTF-8

Documents

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL New Deal Election of 1932 New President New Ideas