METSOFC“Development of next generation metal based

SOFC stack technology”

GA no: 211940

Niels Christiansen

Topsoe Fuel Cell A/S, Denmark

Project and Partnership Description

METSOFC

Chalmers University of Technology

Main objectives in METSOFC:

• Development of novel metal-

supported cell and stack SOFC tech

nology based on product definitions

and test protocols defined by APU

end users.

• Development and optimize novel

materials, design and manufacturing

processes for metal based SOFC stack

prototypes governed by crucial

product requirements.

Project goals, targets and milestones

� Improved functionality

� Improved reliability

� Improved robustness

� Reduced cost

Cost effective materials

Cost effective processing

Ni+YSZ

YSZ

LSCF

CGO

Stainless

steel

ScYSZ

Novel anode

CGO

LSCF

Metal-supported cell

”beyond State of the Art”

Ceramic based

Anode-supported cell

Technical Approach

LEAN Development

Critical iteration (Lean spirals)

based on new acquired knowledge

Effective short cuts for rapid feedback of

information and results

• Project groups (WPs) with a strong background competences

• Vertical integrated project structure (no overlap between partners)

• Several links to other SOFC projects (EU, national, in-house)

• Rapid cell and stack prototypes at optimal scale for test

• Rapid critical optimization loops (critical iteration)

Technical accomplishmentsMetal supported SOFC fabrication

Vacuum furnace sintering

4 cm2

25 cm2144 cm2

2008 2011Year

300 cm2

Up-scaling cells

Major challenge:

Co-sintering technology

Technical accomplishmentsCell performance and durability

650°C0.25 Acm-2

Robustness:

Red-ox stability of ASCs

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

OC

V /

V

ASC type A

ASC type B

ASC type C

METSOFC

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

redox cycle

p(0.

7V)

/ p0(

0.7V

)

ASC type A

ASC type B

ASC type C

METSOFC

Red-ox stability of ASCs (Ni/YSZ anode substrate) an d metal supported SOFCs : OCV (top) and performance degradation (bottom), tes ted at 800 °C

Metal-supported

cell“METSOFC”

Survive !

Anode-supported celltotal failure !

Metallic interconnect

development

Sandvik continuous thin film coating

on strip steel by PVD

Interconnect shapingof pre-coated stip steel

Technical accomplishments

Stack development and interconnects

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

1,4

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

UI at 680°C

0,5

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1

1,1

1,2

1,3

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

Current Density (mA/cm 2)

Vol

tage

25A

MSC (3G) Better Cell Performance than 2,5G (state of the art anode-supported cell)

3G

2.5G

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

4

Stack #2 Stack #3 Stack #4 Stack #6

AS

R (

Ohm

cm

2)

Decreasing resistance of stacked MSC’s

680 oC

Technical accomplishments

Stack results

Transportation applications

Hot vibration test

(AVL, Gratz Uni. - EU METSOFC project)

costs for system integrator< 200 US$/kWStack Costs

<30 minWarm-up

cool down phases, when no current is requested from

operator>3000

Medium Thermal cycles (temperature >100°C)

full cool down, approx. 1x per week

>300Deep Thermal cycles (temperature <100°C)

major system malfunction, shut down under oxygen

environment>30

Redox cycles @Operating Temp.

Technical accomplishmentsProgress towards performance indicators

All development steps are characterized by targeted

performance values and compared with presented SoA

data in literature.

Dissemination activities

The METSOFC project has been presented in presentations and posters at

a number of international conferences and research networks

• More than 20 presentations and posters at conferences

• More than 10 peer reviewed papers in relevant scientific journals

• METSOFC project presented at various national strategy group meetings

on SOFC.

Next Generation SOFC development

Future perspectives

FeCr

MIECCGO

ScYSZ

STN/FeCr - Infiltrate

FeCr

MIECCGO

ScYSZ

Cermet - Infiltrate

EU METSOFC Cell2008 -2011

5000 h lifetimeMobile applications

EU METSAPP Cell2012 – 2014

40.000 h lifetimeStationary applications

Corrosion passivationinfiltrated

Collaboration platform

� EU SCOTAS SOFC

� EU DESTA

� EU METPROCELL

� EU EuroFC-Life