Fast Track 3 Aug 09

7/30/2019 Fast Track 3 Aug 09

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APPLICATION FOR FAST TRACK SCHEME FOR YOUNGSCIENTISTS

1. Broad Subject area: EARTH & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

2. Specialization: CARBON SEQUESTRATION

3. Title of the proposed project: DEVELOPMENT OF AN INDEX OF ECOSYSTEM HEALTHIN A MINERALIZED AREA--METAL-RHIZOSPHERE INTERACTION

4. Name and address of the Investigator : Dr. C.T. KAMAlAH.No: 5-4-389/2KAMALANAGAR VANASTHALIPURAM

HYDERABAD-500 070Under the supervision of

Dr. V. BALARAMSCIENTIST G & HEADGEOCHEMISTRY DIVISION

NATIONAL GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTEUPPAL ROADHYDERABADE-MAIL: [email protected]: 0091-40-23434607(O)

(Direct);0091-40-23434700 Ext.2437Fax: 0091-40-27171564 / 234346515. Details of the proposed project to be undertaken:Origin of proposal

Fundamental understanding of mineralorganic mattermicroorganism interactions (MOMI)is crucial for enhancing, restoring and sustaining ecosystem balance globally. Differences inthe concentration of metals, metalloids and metal oxides in soil plays a significant roleinfluencing its behavior exerting great impacts on the ecosystem. Nanoparticles of aluminiumand iron oxides, are undoubtedly the most reactive components of acidic and neutral soilswhile mineral forms of lead, arsenic, zinc, cobalt, copper in trace quantities are essential

micronutrients (Bigham et al. 2002; Huang et al. 2002). In contrast, their elevatedconcentrations results in phytotoxicity and cumulative deleterious effects to soil microbialcommunity.

Arsenic is a ubiquitous trace metalloid, virtually found in all environmental matrices(Bhumbla and Keefer, 1994). It has been estimated that there are potentially forty-one percentof the superfund sites in the USA, contaminated with arsenic (US EPA, 1997) while morethan 10000 arsenic contaminated sites have been reported in Australia (Smith et al. 1998).Though considerable progress has been made in India, curbing atmospheric inputs of arsenic,along with other trace metals is still a persistent problem (Kamala et al. 2005;Chandra Sekhar

et al. 2003; Chakraborthi et al. 1999).


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Information on the activity of specific elements in the environment, particularly for those incontact with living organisms (bioavailability) and speciation of elements and/or the oxidationstate in which these elements exist along with their concentrations, is crucial (Kumaresan andRiyazuddin, 1999). Gaseous arsines and trivalent arsenic are highly toxic to biota whilearsenobetaine; arsenocholine (mainly found in marine organisms) and arsenates are relativelynon-toxic (Fitz and Wenzel, 2002). Fractionation studies unravelling the cycling of metalions, nutrients and other contributing factors are warranted to develop a novel ecosystemhealth index that overcomes the limitations of the existing methodologies. Keeping in mindthese facts, it is proposed to develop a novel ecosystem health index based on MOMI, for arsenic quantification in the rhizopsphere based on a sequential extraction scheme, whichwould be the first of its kind.

The present study is aimed at developing a rhizopsphere based sequential extraction techniquethat can be applied to metal fractionation in soils contaminated with arsenic as well asdeveloping a novel index for sustained ecosystem health.

Hypothesis

It is hypothesized that this technique will be more effective with reference to existing methods in speciation studies for soils contaminated with arsenic. Further, changes in thebioavailability of arsenic and carbon sequestration in the rhizopsphere are influenced by

plant root exudates.

Research work engaged in at present

The research work involved the identification of low-cost biomaterials for the removal of metalcontaminants from environmental matrices (soils and waters). For this phytotechnologies weredeveloped wherein hyperaccumulating plant species were identified for few selected metals (Arsenicand Lead). For the removal of metals from waters a phytotechnology based on column reactor designwas utlised with powdered, polymer immobilised plant powder as the filter media. For the removal of metals from soils, same plants were potted in pot experiments under similated conditions and in real-life samples.

Apart from this for publication purposes, various experiments were designed which can be includedunder the topic risk assessment and pathway studies. These studies involved an effort in identifyingthe source of metal contamination in the proposed contaminated areas for the above

phytoremediation studies (places identified in and around Hyderabad). The metal contamination was

assesses by using fractionation and bioavaialbility studies in various metal contaminatedenvironmental matrices such as soil, water (ground and surface), cattled feed, vegetation, cow milk etc. To asses the risk of these metals posed to human, epidemiological studies were carried out bycollecting samples such as hair, nail, blood and urine of humans residing in these contaminated sites.

Objectives of the Proposed Project

1. Identification of basic arsenic forms existing in the rhizosphere soils using chemicalspeciation methodologies and quantification using instrumental techniques like ICP-MS for inorganic arsenic forms and HPLC-ICP-MS for organic arsenic forms and other species of

arsenic.


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Bimolecular moieties significantly influence the formation and transformation of metal oxidesand their impacts on metal transformation are especially important in the rhizosphere soilwhere the type and concentration of substrates are different from those of the bulk soil

because of root exudation (Huang and Germida, 2002). A series of organic ligands occur inthe rhizosphere due to root exudates and microbial metabolites (McLaughlin et al. 1998).Although the hypothesis that the toxicity or bioavailability of a metal is related to the activityof the free aqua-ion is gaining popularity in the studies of soilplant relations (Parker et al.1995), new evidence indicates that free metal ion hypothesis may not be valid in all situations(Tessier and Turner, 1995). Krishnamurti et al. (1996) reported that, after two weeks of cropgrowth in a field experiment, more cadmium is complexed with the root exudates at the soil root interface, compared with the bulk soil. More recent data show that the kind and amountof root exudates vary with the level of metal in contaminated soils (Chou et al. 2003). For instance, phosphorus deficient plants show an enhanced exudation of carboxylic acids, suchas citric and malic acid (Neumann and Romheld, 1999). This putatively alters soil pH,displacing phosphorus from sorption sites to chelate metal cations. These metal cations could

either immobilize phosphorus or form soluble metal chelate complexes with it, resulting inenhanced availability of the same (Kirk et al. 1999). It is possible that carboxylate exudation

plays a crucial role in mobilizing arsenic in the rhizosphere enhancing its uptake by plants, producing toxic effects.

National Scenario

This work has seen less light in India. Rajkumar et al., (2006) designated to investigate theeffects of Cr6+ resistant plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on the growth of Indianmustard under three different concentrations of Cr6+ in soil. Most Gupta et al., (2002)worked on phosphate solubilizing rhizobacteria and their metal resistant. Most of the works

on arsenic removal from soils dealt with use of phytoremediation as an effective technique.Chandra sekhar et al.,(2006) has carried out extensive work on the identification of sucharsenic hyperaccumulator.

Importance and patents

In this scenario, metal speciation in relation to its bioavailability as influenced by physico-chemical and biological interfacial interactions in the rhizosphere warrants criticalexamination on sound scientific basis. The present research plan emphasizes that the rootexudates in the arsenic contaminated area play a vital role in the bioavailability of arsenic andvariation in carbon content thus affecting the field (site) ecosystem. Studies focused on thecarbon (C) flow patterns with and without arsenic disturbance also contribute inunderstanding the mechanistic aspects underlying the soil quality.

Work Plan

Methodology 1. Site selection :

Patancheru in Medak District of Andhra Pradesh (A.P) is one of the major industrialestates, 30 km away from Hyderabad, India. Arsenic is reported in high quantities in theseareas (Gurunadha Rao et al., 2001; Govil et al., 1998, 2001; Chandra Sekhar et al., 2003).The main source of arsenic has been identified as Park Trade Center, Gaddapotharam Bulk Drug Factory, which makes veterinary drugs based on arsonic acid apart from other sources like the pesticide and drug intermediate industries (Anjaneyulu, 1999). The solid


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8. Development of Soil Quality Index

Soil quality index for the two sites will be developed using the three main steps explained below:

1) Selecting a minimum data set (MDS) of an indicator that best represents soil function (eg.,Microbial biomass carbon)

2) Interpreting the MDS of indicators based on their performance of soil function integratingthe indicator scores into a comparative index of soil quality

Time Schedule

Year-wise break-up of work elements

I Year

* Soil and vegetation sampling (three seasons)

* Physico-chemical characterization of soil samples

* Soil microbial carbon and nitrogen estimations (experimental and instrumental).

* Soil respiration estimations

* Arsenic estimations using new sequential extraction method and comparison with theexisting sequential extraction and other methods.

II Year

* Soil and Vegetation sampling (three seasons)* Physico chemical characterization of soil samples

* Arsenic estimations using new sequential extraction method and comparison with theexisting sequential extraction methods

* Pot simulated studies for rhiosphere C changes in the presence of bacteria and variousarsenic forms (inorganic and organic) and concentrations

* Root exudates extraction and estimation using standard procedures.

III Year

* Pot Experiments will be conducted with real-life soil samples with the standardised procedures developed under simulated conditions.

* Estimations of root exudates concentrations using HPLC and arsenic concentrations usingICP-MS.

* Soil microbial carbon estimations (carbon flow) and nitrogen estimation (using SEM or TEM)

* Comparison of the results.

* Soil quality index development.


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Future plan

The selected study site Patancheru in the Medak District of A.P. Is a worst example of environmental decay. The earlier work by Chandra sekhar han et al., (2003) gave a detaileddescription about agricultural practices around the Nakka Vaagu stream in Patancheru. The

present work on carbon sequestration will be advantageous in effective soil management practices thereby reducing the environmental decay. Effective land management practicessuch as Conservation Reserve Program, Wetland Reserve Program, Forestry IncentiveProgram and conservation tillage, will lead to both increase in ground carbon sequestrationand to increase SOC. Soils gaining SOC are also generally gaining in other attributes thatenhance plant productivity and environmental quality. Increase in SOC generally improve soilstructure, increase soil porosity and water holding capacity, as well as improve biologicalhealth for a myriad of life forms in soil. In general there is a favourable interplay betweencarbon sequestration and various recommended land management practices related to soilfertility (e.g., adding mineral fertilizers, manures, sludges and biosolids), tillage, grazing,and forestry. The positive relationship that exists between carbon sequestration andrecommended land management can, in some settings, improve water quality and aid wildlife

habitat restoration.

6. Details of the research funding received in the past and/ongoing projects (mention Ref.no.,title, duration, cost, funding agency, and brief achievements).

Not Applicable

7. Name and address of the institution where the proposal will be/likely to be executed:

National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI)Uppal Road

Hyderabad- 500 606, INDIA

8. Facilities provided/to be made available at the host institute:The National Geophysial Research Institute (NGRI) is a research organization in the field of earth sciences and is accredited as ISO 9001. The laboratory facilities at NGRI include state-of-the-art X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer, Sector field Inductively Coupled Plasma-MS,Inductively Coupled Plasma-OES, Gas Chromatography-MS, HPLC, Graphite Furnace-AAS,Ion Meter with Selective Ion Electrodes, UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, pH Meter andConductivity Meter to analyse soil samples for trace metals and metalloids like arsenic..

9. Name(s) and address (es) of Indian expert(s) in the proposed area:i) Dr. M.Vairamani Director,Institute of Pesticide FormulationTechnologyOpposite to Ambience Mall on NH-8Sector-20, Udyog Vihar Gurgaon, 122 016Haryana, INDIAPhone: 0124-2347788, 2348489,

Fax: 0124-2348489E-mail: [email protected]

ii) Dr V.HimabinduAssissant Professor,Center for Environment,Institute of Science and TechnologyJawaharlal Nehru TechnologicalUniversityKukatpally, Hyderabad 500 072INDIAPhone: 91-40- 23156133

Fax No :91-40-23156133E-Mail: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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10. Details of financial requirements for three years ( with justifications ) and phasing for each year:

S.No.

Head 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year Total

1 Research Fellowship 240000 240000 240000 720000

2 Consumables:

Analytical charges,Stationary, Samplesbottles, pots, buckets,petri dishes and othermiscellaneous items.

2,25000 2,00000 50000 475000

3 Travel (within India)

TA/DA for annualreviewmeetings/conferences

10000 10000 10000 30000

4 Vehicle hiring/Labourfor sampling

100000 100000 25000 225000

5 Contingencies

Minor equipment:Laptop, Deskjetprinter, polypropylenemembrane filters,rotary evaporator etc.

2,00000 - - 200000

6 Total 1650000

7 Overhead Charges

@ 20% as per theInstitute rules

330000

8 Grand Total 1980000

11. Have you ever applied before under this Scheme or Women Scientist Scheme? If yes, give

details (Name of the scheme, Title, subject area, reference number, if any, year and the

decision).

Not Applicable


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12. Any other information in support of the proposed project:

The work specified in proposed project has a novel approach and few the techniques are

going to be worked out for the first time. The work can yield very good publications inreputed high impact fact journals as the work is multidisciplinary. The work also involves theuse of micro organisms and microscopic studies; there is a chance of getting a patent.

13. Statement from the Present Employer as per Annexure-I (In respect of person holdingregular position).

Not Applicable

LITERATURE CITED

Anjaneyulu Y. 1999. Conservation and Management Plans for remediation of Khazipally Cheruvu.Final Technical Report. Centre for Environment, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University (JNTU);1999.

Arshad, M.A., Coen, G.M., (1992). Characterization of soil quality: physical and chemical criteria.Am. J. Alter.Agric. 7, 2531.

Baziramakenga R., Simard R. R (1995). Determination of organic acids in soil extracts by ionchromatography.Soil Biol. Biochem. 27(3), 349-356.

Bhumbla, D.K., Keefer, R.F. (1994). Arsenic mobilisation and bioavailability in soil. In: Nriagu, J.O.(Ed.), Arsenicin the Environment, Part I: Cycling and Characterization. Wiley, New York, pp. 51-82.

Bigham, J.M., Fritzpatrick, R.W., Schulze, D.G. (2002). Iron oxides. In: Dixon, J.B., Schulze, D.G.(Eds.), Soil Mineralogy with Environmental Applications. Soil Science Society of America, Madison,USA, pp. 323366.

Bombach G, Pierra A, Klemm W (1994). Arsenic in contaminated soil and river sediment. Fresenius JAnal. Chem, 350, 49 53.

Brown R.B. SL-29, Soil and Water Science Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service,Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. 2003. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu.

Cawthray G.R (2003). An improved reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of

low-molecular mass organic acids in plant root exudates. Journal of Chromatography A, 1011, 233 240.

Chaignon V, Sanchez-Neira, I, Herrmann P, Jaillard B, Hinsinger P (2003). Copper bioavailability andextractability as related to chemical properties of contaminated soils from a vine-growing area.Environ. Pollut.123, 229-238.

Chakraborthi D, Biswas B.K, Roychowdhury T, Basu B.K, Mandal B.K, Chowdhury U.R, et al.,(1999) Arsenic groundwater contamination and suffering of people in Rajnandgaon district, MadhyaPradesh, India. Curr. Sci.77, 502-504.

Chandra Sekhar K., Chary N. S., Kamala C. T., Venkateswara Rao J., Balaram V. and Anjaneyulu Y.(2003) Risk assessment and pathway study of arsenic in industrially contaminated sites of Hyderabad:a case study. Environ. Int., 29(5), 601-611


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Chandra Sekhar K., Chary N.S., Kamala C.T., Anupama M and.Reddy M.R.P, (2002). Determinationof total arsenic concentration in clinical samples for epidemiological studies using ICP-MS. Atom.Spectrosc., 23 (4), 165-170.

Chou, S.Y., Chiu, C.Y., Chen, C.T., Zhung, S.Y., Wang, M.K. (2003) Influence of cadmium treatment

on low molecular weight organic acids exudation in tobacco rhizosphere soils. Soil Environ. 6, 233 240.

Feng M.H, Shan X.Q, Zhang S.Z, Wen B. (2005). Comparison of a rhizosphere based method withother one-step extraction methods for assessing the bioavailability of soil metals to wheat,Chemosphere, 59, 939-949.

Filip Z. (2002) International approach to assessing soil quality by ecologically-related biological parameters.Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 88, 169174

Govil PK, Gnanashwara rao T, Krishna AK. Arsenic contamination in Patancheru Industrial area,Medak District, Andhra Pradesh. J Environ Geochem 1998;1(1):5 9.

Govil PK, Reddy GLN, Krishna AK. Contamination of soil due to heavy metals in the Patancheruindustrial development area, A. P.India. Environ Geol 2001;41:4619.

Gurunadha Rao VVS, Dhar RL, Subramanyam K. Assessment of contaminent migration in groundwater from an industrial development area, Medak district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Water, Air, SoilPollut 2001;12:369 89.

Granatstein, D., Bezdicek, D.F. (1992). The need for a soil quality index: local and regional perspectives. Am. J. Alt. Agric. 7, 1216.

Haney R. L., Senseman S. A., and Hons F. M. (2002). Effect of Roundup Ultra on Microbial Activity

and Biomass from Selected Soils J. Environ. Qual. 31:730735.Huang P.M, Wang M.K, Chiu C.Y. (2005) Soil mineralorganic mattermicrobe interactions: Impactson biogeochemical processes and biodiversity in soils. Pedo Biologia, (in press).

Huang, P.M and Germida, J.J. (2002). Chemical and biological processes in the rhizosphere: metal pollutants. In:Huang, P.M., Bollag, J.-M., Senesi, N. (Eds.), Interactions Between Soil Particles andMicroorganisms. Impact on the Terrestrial Ecosystem. IUPAC Series on Analytical and PhysicalChemistry of Environmental Systems, vol. 8. Wiley, Chichester, UK, pp. 381438.

Kamala C.T, Chu K.H., Chary N.S., Pandey P.K., Ramesh S.L., Sastry A.R.K.,. Chandra Sekhar K (2005) Removal of arsenic from aqueous solutions using fresh and immobilized plant biomass Wat.

Res., 39 28152826Karlen, D.L., Eash, N.S., Unger, P.W. (1992). Soil and crop management effects on soil qualityindicators. Am. J. Alter. Agric. 7 (1/2), 4855.

Kishan Rao A. Patancherua hell on earth. Patancheru: AVRR Memorial Charitable Trust; 2001. p.26.

Kirk G.J.D, Santos E.E, Findenegg G.R, (1999). Phosphate solubilization by organic anion excretionfrom rice (Oryza sativa ) growing in aerobic soil. Plant Soil. 211, 11-18.

Krishnamurti, G.S.R., Huang, P.M., Van Rees, K.C., (1996). Studies on soil rhizosphere: speciationand availability of Cd. Chem. Special Bioavailab. 8, 2328.


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Kumaresan. M, and Riyazuddin P., Chemcal Speciation of Trace Metals A Review. (1999) Res. J.Chem. Environ., 3(4), 59-79

McLaughlin, M.J., Smolders, E., Merckx, R. (1998). Soilroot interface: physicochemical process. In:Huang, P.M., Adriano, D.C., Logan, T.J., Checkai, R.T. (Eds.), Soil Chemistry and Ecosystem Health.

SSSA Special Publication 52. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, USA, pp. 233277.Meharg, A.A. (1994). A critical review of labelling techniques used to quantify rhizosphere carbonflow. Plant and Soil 166, 55-62.

Neumann G and Romheld V, (1999). Root excretion of carboxylic acids and protons in phosphorusdeficient plant. Plant Soil, 211, 121-130.

Ormland R.S. and Stolz J.F (2005). Arsenic, microbes and contaminated aquifers, TRENDS inMicrobiology, 13(2), 45-49.

Parker, D.R., Chaney, R.L., Norvell, W.A., (1995). Chemical equilibrium models: applications to plant nutrition. In: Loeppert, R.H., Schwab, P.A., Goldberg, S. (Eds.), Soil Chemical Equilibrium andReaction Models. SSSA Special Publication. No. 42. American Society of Agronomy and SoilScience Society of America, Madison, USA, pp. 163200.

Smith, E., Naidu, R., Alston, A.M. (1998). Arsenic in the soil environment: a review. Adv. Agron. 64,149-195.

Tessier, A., Turner, D.R. (1995). Metal Speciation and Bioavailability in Aquatic Systems. IUPACSeries on Analytical and Physical Chemistry of Environmental Systems.

Tufekcioglu A., Raich J.W., Isenhart T.M. and Schultz R.C (2001). Soil respiration within riparian buffers and adjacent crop fields. Plant and Soil, 229, 117124.

Turpeinen R, Kairesalo T, Haggblom M.M. (2003) Microbial community structure and activity Iarsenic, chromium and copper contaminated soils. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 1585, 1-12.

US EPA (1997) Recent development for in-situ treatment of metal contaminated soils. Office of SolidWaste and Emergency Response, EPA-542-R-97-004, p. 8.

Van Veen, J.A., Merckx, R., Van de Geijn, S.C. (1989). Plant and soil related controls of the flow of carbon from roots through the soil microbial biomass. Plant and Soil 115, 179-188.

Whipps, J.M. (1990). Carbon economy. In: Lynch, J.M. (Ed.), The Rhizosphere. Wiley, Chichester.


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Map showing the 14 contaminated sites (S1 S8 and A1A6) of the study area in AndhraPradesh (A.P), India


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DETAILED BIODATA

1. Name of the Applicant: Dr. C.T. KAMALA

2. Mailing Address (Indicate Telephone, Fax, E-mail, etc.):

H.NO. 5-4-389/2KAMALANAGAR VANASTHALIPURAMHYDERABAD-500 070TEL: 040 24027354E-MAIL: [email protected]

3. Date of Birth: 01-05-1976

4. Educational Qualifications (Starting from Graduation onwards):

S.No. Degree University Year Subjects Percentage

1 B.Sc(B.Z.C)

OsmaniaUniversity

1996 Botany,Zoology,Chemisty

62.00%

2 M.Sc. JawaharlalNehru

Technological

University

2000 Environmental Sciences

66.00%

3 Ph.D JawaharlalNehru

TechnologicalUniversity

2005 Environmental Sciences

-

5. A. Details of professional training and research experience, specifying period.

Senior Research Fellow-CSIR : June 2003- June 2006 Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad .The dotoral theses encompasses the identification of hyperaccumulating plant species for their application in metal contaminant removal from environmental matrices (soils and waters). Thesestudies basically involved the application of phytotechnologies viz., phytofiltration and

phytoremediation in the laboratory scale. Two hyperaccumulators thus identified were capable of removing arsenic and lead from polluted sites (in and around Hyderabad). Pollution pathway studiesof trace metal contaminants involving; source identification, quantification of metals in differentmatrices of environment viz, soil, water (surface and ground), vegetation, microbial community, andmilk from cattle fed on contaminated fodder were also carried out for publication purposes.Fractionation and speciation studies of metals were carried out in contaminated soils and waters


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respectively. Further work was carried out in assessing the risk posed by these pollutants on human by conducting human exposure pathways and collecting clinical samples (whole blood, urine, nailsand hair) and quantifying the trace metal concentrations.Apart from this, organic phytoremediation studies were also carried out in removal of variuos phramaceutical remnants in the polluted soils using phytoremediation as thetechnology.

Drafting Research publications, Review articles, and Technical reports and supervising junior researchers. Participating conferences, workshops and symposia for presenting the research findingson various research platforms was one of the major challenges. Being in an Analytical ChemistryGroup, I had an opportunity to give demo lectures on analytical instruments to various governmentalofficials from organizations like Forensic sciences, National Geophysical Research Institute, ONGCetc.

Project Assistant : Nov 2000-May 2003 , Analytical chemistry and Environmental Sciences Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad

Responsibilities include: Monitoring industrially contaminated areas in and around Hyderabad city(Andhra Pradesh state, India) and collecting various environmental samples for the identification andquantification of metal pollutants. Screening for hyperaccumulators in contaminated sites andcommenced my Ph.D thesis on phytofiltration and phytoremediation.

Research Assistant: Feb 2000 Nov. 2000

Centre for Environment, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad.Responsibilities include: Consultancy matrix samples (pharma, clinical, environmental) analysis (wetand instrumental), conducting labs for Masters students, collecting literature pertaining to the variouson going research projects and preparation of research proposals and drafting research articles.

B. Details of employment (past & present). NOT APPLICABLE

C. List of publications during last five years (with complete details such as Journal

name, all the authors name as appeared in the journal, volume number, page

number and the year of publication).

1) Assessing risk of heavy metals from consuming food grown on sewage irrigated soils andfood chain transfer ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 69;2008:513-524 N. Sridhara Chary , C.T.Kamala and D. Samuel Suman Raj

2) Arsenic Accumulation by Talinum cuneifolium - Application for Phytoremediation of Arsenic Contaminated Soils of Patancheru, Hyderabad, India. In: Book series TraceMetals and other Contaminants in the Environment. ELSEVIER Publishers.Chandra Sekhar.K, C.T.Kamala , N.S.Chary, A. B. Mukherjee volume 9; 2007:307-330 ( Text book chapter )


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Place & date: Signature of the applicant

Aug 3, 2009

C ERTIFICATE

I agree to supervise the project work entitled DEVELOPMENT OF AN INDEX OFECOSYSTEM HEALTH IN A MINERALIZED AREA--METAL-RHIZOSPHEREINTERACTION by Dr. C. T. KAMALA under DST Fast Track Young Scientist Scheme inGeochemistry Group of National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad.

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

GEOCHEMISTRY DIVISION

(DIRECTOR)

NGRI

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Fast Track 3 Aug 09