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Term Paper
Literature Review Choose a Paper Related with Any Field of Fashion Technology (in English)
Design (Fashion, Textile, Pattern, Garment, Drape Simulation, etc.)
Manufacturing (DTP, 3D Printing, etc.)
Evaluation (Appearance, Fastness, etc.)
Smart Textile (Wearable Computing, etc.)
Information Management (Marketing, Merchandizing, etc.)
Submit as a PDF file to '[email protected]' including the followings
Original paper
Overview
Analysis & Critique
Due Date
Before final examination day
1
Sungmin Kim
SEOUL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Fashion Technology
10. Information Management
RFID
Supply Chain Management
Importance
Many problems in fashion industry are related with inventory management
– Any kind of products on the supply chain in planning, manufacturing, and sales stage
Numerous products on supply chain should be traced using information technology
Problems in Barcode System
Manual job slows down the process
Incorrect order can be placed due to human error
Limited amount of information
Lacks in real time data due to asynchronous nature
3
RFID
Radio Frequency Identification Principles
Technology for exchanging information using radio frequency
Developed for IFF (Identification of Friend or Foe) in World War II
Consists of reader and tag
Advantages
Rapid wireless recognition
– Hundreds of tags can be read within a second
Wide range of detection
– From 10cm (low freq.) to 100m (high freq.)
Various information can be stored
Reliable real time management is possible
4
RFID Classification of Tags By Position
Embedded type– Conductive textile structure can be used (in the future)
Label or hanger type– Attached to box or hanger rack
By Function
Passive Tag– Read-only tag
Semi-Passive Tag– Data can be stored using internal memory and power supply
Active Tag– Communicates with other passive or active tags
By Frequency
Low frequency (125~135kHz) within 10cm
High frequency (13.56 MHz) within 3m
Ultra high frequency (2.446~2.454Mhz) within 100m
5
RFID
Requirements for Tags Size
Smaller the better
Speed
Faster the better
Reliability
Remote recognition of various information
100% reliability is hard to be guaranteed
Become unstable as the data increase
Affordability
Various range of price and design
Durability
Against various environment
– Extremely low or high temperature, acid/base, contamination, etc.
6
RFID
RFID in Logistics Storage Management
Identification of the location, quantity and type of goods
Location of pallets, trucks, and forklifts
Warehouse Management
Automatic recording of shipping/receiving history
Store Management
Automatic product inspection and inventory
Sales and returns process
Management of Properties
Special packaging material, carts, etc.
7
RFID
RFID in Customer Service Real Time Management
Systematic management of customer information
Provide real time product/inventory information
Data Acquisition and Analysis
Real time acquisition of customer data
Prediction of market trend
Provide individually customized service
Improved Trust
Prompt payment
Prevention of counterfeit product
8
Personalized AdvertisementMinority Report (2002)
RFID Challenges in RFID Systems Privacy
Non-disposable tiny RFID tag can expose various kinds of customers' data
Security
Relatively weak against the hacking of confidential information of intellectual property
Standards
Insufficient standards concerning frequency, data, tag, and reader
Information Sharing
Supply chain members do not want to share information
Partnership based on trust between suppliers and retailers is essential
Cost
Still a burden to most small businesses
Technical Difficulties
100% correct recognition is difficult
Low in mechanical and chemical durability
9
e-Commerce
e-Commerce Basics Definition
All forms of trade via online networks using electronic media
Advantages
Any time, anywhere possible
Provides the wider range of information than offline shops
Avoid the hassle of forced buying through face-to-face contact with sales person
Purchase products at an affordable price
Provides personalized information based on detailed customer information
10
e-Commerce
e-Commerce Basics Features
Ubiquity
– Any time, anywhere with Internet connection
Global Reach
– Beyond the boundaries between countries– Universal Standards
Richness
– High Information density– Video, audio, message, etc.
Interactivity
– Interaction between seller and customer
Personalization/Customization
Social technology
– User Created Content (UCC)– Social Network Service (SNS)
11
e-Commerce
e-Commerce Basics Fashion Item
One of the most traded products in e-Commerce
Sales continue to grow along with the growth of internet commerce
Market has been segmented
– General mall
» Sells multiple types of goods
– Professional mall
» Sells specialized groups of products
– Online mall
» Operates only online shopping mall
– Mixed mall
» Operates online and conventional offline shop
12
e-Commerce
e-Commerce Basics Fashion Items
13
(million $)
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
Total
Fashion
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
General
Special
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Online
Mixed
e-Commerce
e-Commerce Technology Infrastructure
Web Server
– Window, Linux, ...
Database
– MySQL, Oracle, ...
Payment System
– PayPal, Google wallet, ...
Site Building
Static Page : HTML, XML, ...
Server Side Application : CGI, ...
Client Side Application : ActiveX, Java Applet, ...
Server Side Script : ASP, PHP, JSP, ...
Client Side Script : Java, VB,...
Hybrid Script : AJAX, ...
14
e-Commerce
Infrastructure Web Server
General Function
– Provides web pages requested by client (browser, web crawler, etc.)
» HTML, Image, etc.
– Receives data from client
» Web forms, uploaded files, etc.
– Logging
» Communication history
Special Function
– Certification, security (HTTPS, etc.)
– Contents management (Compression, etc.)
– Virtual hosting
– Bandwidth throttling
15
e-Commerce
Infrastructure Database
Definition
– Sets of data managed for the purpose of sharing information among many people
– Highly structured data without redundancy for effective manipulation
Characteristics
– Real time accessibility
– Constant change
DBMS (Database management system)
– Software tools that allow users to access the data
– One of the three foundation softwares
» OS, Middle Ware, DBMS
– Use of SQL (Structured Query Language)
16
e-Commerce
Infrastructure Payment System
PayPal
– An e-commerce Global Support System founded in 1998
– Became the subsidiary of eBay in 2002
Google Wallet
– Service began in 2011
– Payment can be made by the attachment file in an e-mail
Mobile Money Wallet
– More cell phone owners than personal account owners
– Money can be charged and used via cell phone
Wechat Pay
– 2011 by Tencent, China
Bitcoin
– World's first virtual currency
– Not reliable so far
17
e-Commerce
Site Building Technology HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)
History
Specification
– Structural document consists of title, head, and body– Include images, videos, and other objects– Interactive form elements such as text edit, combo box, etc.
18
Year Event Reference
1980 Suggested the 'Inquire', the prototype of HTML Tim Berners Lee (CERN)
1990 Development of server software and browser Tim Berners Lee
1996 Participation of commercial software companies Managed by W3C
2000 International standardization ISO
2008 Prototype of HTML5 has been released W3C
e-Commerce
Site Building Technology HTML
Simple Static Page
19
Web Server
Client
Request some pages inhttp://www.somesite.com
Return the content of some pages inHTML
Render HTML page in web browser
e-Commerce
Site Building Technology XML (eXtensible Markup Language)
Suggested by W3C in 1996
Enhanced management and search capacity
Separation of web site design and data
– Web site itself can be organized like a database– User can manipulate the content of web site more easily
Various kinds of dedicated XMLs have been developed
20
AIML Markup language used for creating artificial intelligence chatterbots.
CellML a language describing mathematical models
MRML Medical Reality Markup Language MRML
MusicXML Music Marrkup Language
Open eBook e-book format defined by Open eBook Publication Structure Specification
RELAX REgular LAnguage description for XML
VML XML-based file format for two-dimensional vector graphics.
X3D international standard for real-time 3D computer graphics,
e-Commerce
Site Building Technology Server Side Application
CGI (Common Gateway Interface)
– Server side software that processes the data from client– Used for database manipulation, bulletin board, and so on.– A large number of concurrent connections becomes a burden
21
Call a page with the reference to a CGI
Return the results of processin HTML
Render HTML page in web browser
CGI
Process datausing Server's Resource
e-Commerce
Site Building Technology Client Side Application
Active X (Microsoft)
– Client side software object runs only on the Internet Explorer (Microsoft)– Full access to the client computer's resources– Gradually disappearing due to security problems
Java Applet (Sun Microsystems)
– Runs on any kind of machine with Java VM (Virtual Machine)– Limited access to the client computer's resources
22
Call a page containing application object
Return application objectusing HTML
Do something withdownloaded object
e-Commerce
Site Building Technology Server Side Script
Types
– ASP (Active Server Pages, Microsoft IIS)– PHP (Professional Hyper Text Preprocessor, Linux Apache) – JSP (Java Server Pages, Sun Microsystems)
Features
– Use script language to process the data received from client– Realized by ISAPI (Internet Server Application Programming Interface) or Servlet– Client browser independent – Communicates using standard HTML
23
Call a page with data
Return the results of processin standard HTML
Render HTML page in web browser
ISAPIEngine
Process data using script compiler
e-Commerce
Site Building Technology Client Side Script
Types
– Java Script, VB (Visual Basic) Script
Features
– Client side script used for special visual effects or simple interactive functions– Dependent on the capacity of client browser– Can not interact directly with the data stored on the server
24
Call a page containing script code
Return a page in HTML
Do something withclient side script
e-Commerce
Site Building Technology Hybrid Script
Ajax (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML)
– Conventional web applications require full page update for every interaction– Ajax can update web site partially by requesting the essential data to the server
Advantage
– The amount of data exchange between server and client is largely reduced– Faster interaction can be realized without time-consuming full page update
Disadvantage
– Cannot be used on a browser that does not support Ajax
25
Direct request for data
Return requested data
Modify current page withdownloaded data
ProcessData
e-Commerce
Site Building Technology Hybrid Script
Example
26
m-Commerce
m-Commerce Basics Definition
All forms of e-commerce performed through wireless device over wireless network
– Wireless network itself is a kind of m-Commerce
Current Status
B2B as well as B2C transactions are increasing
– Dramatic growth after the debut of smart phones– Entertainment contents, message exchanging, information providing, banking, ticketing, etc.
Many advantages over existing offline and online distribution channels
27
Mobile Connect to Internet any time, anywhere
Secure Secure transaction is possible with reliable personal identification
Prompt Any information can be found instantaneously
Local Precise location based service is available
m-Commerce
m-Commerce Basics
Market Prospect
The US market is expected to be about $31 billion in 2016, 7% of the total online market
The domestic market has grown as 600 billion won in 2012
Fashion Industry and m-Commerce
m-Commerce in fashion is very active in US and Japan
In Korea, fashion m-Commerce is lagging behind compared to other sectors
28
m-Commerce
m-Commerce Technology Requirements
Maximum mobility through reliable network connectivity
Optimized graphical user interface
Good input capability
Challenges
Still Low bandwidth
Limited resources of mobile device
– CPU, RAM, battery, screen, etc.
Small/inconvenient input device
– Virtual keyboard
29
m-Commerce
m-Commerce Technology Core Technologies
Location based service (LBS)
– Recommending social events in a city
– Finding the nearest business or service, such as an ATM, restaurant or a retail store
– Location-based mobile advertising
– Real-time Q&A about restaurants, services, and other venues
Multimedia processing
– Camera (QR code, Augmented reality)
– Microphone (Music/Voice recognition)
Secure payment
– Easy small amount payment
30
m-Commerce
m-Commerce Technology App Development
Android (Google)
– Linux based open source platform written in Java
– Run on any kind of machine with JVM ( java virtual machine)
– Compatible with most systems and development tools (Visual Studio, C++ Builder, Eclipse)
– Google play
iOS (Apple)
– Dedicated operating system written in Objective-C
– Run on limited machines (iPhone, iPad)
– Fixed development system (Macintosh system)
– App store
Windows (Microsoft)
– Compatible with desktop Windows OS
– Windows store
31
32
Conclusion
Imagined in 1910
33
Win-Win
34
ClothingScience
EngineeringMethods
Fashion Technology
Question Answer
35
Are you too busy to improve ?