FAO Regional views: Emerging pests in REU

Plant Production and Protection FAO REU

CPM-9

Activities in the region related to the Emerging Pest in REU

• Previous projects– 2003-2008: Integrated pest management for western corn rootworm

(WCR) in Central and Eastern Europe– 2008-2009: Strengthening phytosanitary and agrochemical services in

Moldova• Emerging issues in the REU

– fall web-worm (Hyphantria cune) in Georgia– potato moth (Phthorimaea operculella) in Armenia and in the region– Tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta) in the region– Golden nematode (Globodera rostochiensis) Central Asia– European gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) Central Asia

Country requests – FAO REU responses

Problems appeared • Quarantine and regular pests

– Fall web-worm in Georgia

– Potato moth in Armenia

– Tuta absoluta in the region

– Mole species

– List of most spread pests and diseases in Georgia and Armenia

Activities• Pest management

– Assessment of the problem in the country

– Stakeholders workshops– Technical workshops– Training materials for

dissemination, brochure and leaflets for farmers and extension service

– IPM program - action plans

ProjectSupport the Government of Georgia in the elaboration of IPM program for fall webworm control (Hyphantrea cunea)

ProjectSupport the Government of Georgia in the elaboration of IPM program for fall webworm control (Hyphantrea cunea)

Main factors identified:• First recorded in 1970-1976,

but outbreaks only in 90’s

• Hazelnut: important crop - highly preferred by the pest

• Quarantine status: NFA is obliged to control

• Chemicals: use of non selective chemicals, norotation of active ingradients

Assistance provided:• Stakeholders and technical workshops• Training materials• IPM program - action plans

less isolation, more habitat

WHY?

farmers not involved

Possible reasons:

no ecosystem services

Pest 1. Potato moth (Phthorimaea operculella),2. Tomato moth (Tuta absoluta) 3. Greenhouse whitefly (Trialeyrodes vaporariorum) 4. Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis)4. San Jose scale (Quadraspidiotus perniciosus

Comst)5. European Grapevine Moth (Lobesia (Polychrosis)

botrana Schiff)6. Golden nematode of potato (Globodera

rostochiensis (Woll) M.et St.)7. Oriental Fruit Moth (Grapholitha molesta Busck) 8. Codling moth (Laspeyresia (Cydia carpocapsa)

pomonella L.)9. Leaf miner (Liriomyza sativae Blanchard)10. Baluchistan Melon Fly (Myiopardalis pardalina

Big)11. Woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum Hausm)

Diseases 1. Fire blight (Erwinia amylovora (Burill) Winslow et

al) 2. Bacterial blight (Clavibacter michiganensis pv.) 3. Shot hole (Clasterosporium carpophilum Ad.) 4. Fusarium wilt of cucumber (Fusarium oxysporum

f.sp. cucumerinum 5. Potato Wart, Black Potato Scab (Synchytrium

endobioticum (Schilb.) Percival) 6. Common scab (Actinomyces scabies Guss) 7. Wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Erikss)8. Peach leaf curl (Exoascus deformans Fuck) 9. Potato late blight (Alternaria solani) 10. Grapevine downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola

Berl et de Toni)11. Powdery Mildew (Uncinula necator Burrill)

List of most spread pest and diseases in Armenia

Pest 1. Garlic mite (Aceria tulipae) 2. Onion Maggot (Delia Antigua, Onion Fly)3. Greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes

vaporariorum) 4. Tomato (russet) mite (Aculus lycopersici) 5. Tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta) 6. Corn ground beetle (Zabrus tenebrioides) 7. Common dart moth (Scotia segatum) 8. European wheat stem sawfly (Cephus

pygmacus) 9. Citrus rust mite (Phyllocoptruta oleivorus) 10. Common bean weevil (Acanthoscelides

obtectus)

Diseases 1. Peach leaf curl (Taprina deformans) 5. Fire blight (Erwinia amylovora)2. Loose smut of wheat (Ustilago tritici)3. Stem, black or cereal rusts (Puccinea

graminis)4. Common bunt of wheat (Tiletia tritici)

(caries)7. Citrus anthracnose (Colletotrichum

gloesporioides) 8. Citrus scab (Elsinoe fawcettii) 6. Boxwood Blight (Cylindrocladium buxicola) 9. Gray mold (Botritis cineria) 10. Black scurf (Rhyzoctonia solani)

List of most spread pest and diseases in Georgia

Project Support the Government of Armenia in the elaboration of IPM program for potato moth control (Phthorimaea operculella)

Main issues identified :• Lack of awareness of non-

chemical pest control options• Lack of IPM compatible active

ingredients of pesticides in the country;

Assistance provided:• Stakeholders and technical

workshops• Training materials• IPM program - action plans

Project Support the Government of Armenia in the elaboration of IPM program for potato moth control (Phthorimaea operculella)

Main issues identified :• Lack of awareness of non-

chemical pest control options• Lack of IPM compatible active

ingredients of pesticides in the country;

Assistance provided:• Stakeholders and technical

workshops• Training materials• IPM program - action plans

Project Support the Government of Armenia in the elaboration

of IPM program for tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta)

Example of the brochure for Potato tuber mothe

Example of the brochure for Tuta Absoluta

How to address IPM

• First Regional awareness raising workshop on IPM– IPM approach, principles, innovative technologies, trends in Europe– discuss issues, identify gaps and propose solutions

• National workshops– Identify and involve stakeholders– discuss issues, identify gaps and propose solutions

• Capacity building to plant protection related institutes– Ministry, NPPO, Phytosanitary Organisations, farmers associations,

extension services • Link between research/education and practice

– Test IPM tools locally, link with Agricultural Universities• Training for Trainers

– Improve capacity of extension service providers and of advisors– Develop training materials

Thank you!

http://www.fao.org/europe/activities/crop-production-and-plant-protection/en/