Fanning Old FlamesFanning Old Flames

Chap 13Chap 13

緒論緒論

重要性重要性

"" 難忘舊情人難忘舊情人 "" 令人困擾令人困擾 RuminationsRuminations （反覆思惟） （反覆思惟） about past lovers:about past lovers:

painful, persistent, distressingpainful, persistent, distressing

緒論緒論

理論理論 Martin & Tesser (1989)Martin & Tesser (1989)

unsatisfied desiresunsatisfied desires → → rumination rumination 增增 Epstein (1983)Epstein (1983)

rumination (coping strategies)rumination (coping strategies)

→ → habituation to the stressful situationhabituation to the stressful situation

緒論緒論 理論理論

Wegner (1989) etc.Wegner (1989) etc.

suppression of the unwanted thoughtsuppression of the unwanted thought → →immediate relief from distressimmediate relief from distress but prevent habituationbut prevent habituation

continued distress continued distress → →further ruminationfurther rumination → →suppressionsuppression renew the problemrenew the problem

緒論緒論 研究目的研究目的

驗證假設 驗證假設 ::

thought suppressionthought suppression

→ → intensify physiological reactivityintensify physiological reactivity to thoughts of an old flameto thoughts of an old flame

方法 方法 ::

physiological reactivity: SCLphysiological reactivity: SCL

1st expression – suppression – 2nd expression1st expression – suppression – 2nd expression

緒論緒論 研究目的研究目的

預測預測 :: 1st expression: 1st expression:

SCL: hot flame SCL: hot flame ＞ ＞ cold flamecold flame

2nd expression:2nd expression:

hot flame / suppresshot flame / suppress

＞ ＞ hot flame / not suppresshot flame / not suppress

cold flamecold flame

方法方法

受試者受試者 男男 3838 人人 , , 女女 3232 人人 前測前測

問卷問卷 : meaningful past relationshi: meaningful past relationshi

pp

方法方法 實驗設計實驗設計 : : 2×2×2×2×33 混合設計混合設計

獨變項獨變項 :: Hot / Cold flame (Hot / Cold flame ( 受試者間受試者間 )) suppression: Flame / Statue of Liberty (suppression: Flame / Statue of Liberty ( 受試者間受試者間 )) task period: express-suppress-express (task period: express-suppress-express ( 受試者內受試者內 ))

依變項依變項 ::

Skin Conductance Level (SCL)Skin Conductance Level (SCL)

方法方法 程序程序

Two-minute baseline think aloud periodsTwo-minute baseline think aloud periods

Task session: Task session:

1min (baseline) + 3 min1min (baseline) + 3 min××3 (every task)3 (every task)

1. Express (1st) : think of the person1. Express (1st) : think of the person

2. Suppress: NOT to think2. Suppress: NOT to think Flame / Statue of LibertyFlame / Statue of Liberty

3. Express (2nd)3. Express (2nd)

結果結果 平均數 : 2nd expression Figure 1

統計分析 ANOVA: 2 (Hot vs. Cold Flame)

× 2 (Suppression Target: Flame vs. Statue of Liberty)

× 3 (Time: first, middle or last 10 minutes)

Hot ＞ Cold (main effect) :

1st expression *

suppression **

2nd expression *

2nd expression period :

Hot//Cold× Flame/Statue×Time **× Flame/Statue×Time **