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ASTRONOMY
FAMOUS ASTRONOMERS
PTOLEMY-85-165AD
Believed in geocentric universe earth was the center
used circular orbits with epicycles
was supported by the church for 1500 years
Copernicus-1473-1543AD
Believed in heliocentric universe
sun was the center
still used the circular orbits
Tycho Brahe 1546-1601AD
Supreme mathematician who studied the orbits of the planets had a gold nose
made the best observation of Mars
Kepler 1571-1630 Studied with
Brahe wrote the Laws
of Planetary Motion
gave the planets an elliptical orbit
Orbits are oval shaped with the sun off centered
Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion 1. Every planets orbit is an
ellipse.
2. An imaginary line drawn from the center of the sun to the center of the planet will sweep out equal areas in equal intervals of time.
3. The ratio of the squares of the periods of any two planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their average distances from the sun. (The Law of Harmonies)
A3/ P² = c
Galileo 1564-1642
Perfected and used a telescope
1. Discovered Saturn’s
rings
2. 4 moons of Jupiter
3. Craters on the moon
4. Sunspots on the sun
How Galileo saw the 4 moons of Jupiter
Newton 1642-1727
Wrote the Laws of Motion #1 INERTIA a body at rest /motion will remain at rest/motion unless acted upon by an outside
force
NO SEAT BELT…….
#2 the amount of force an object has is equal to the mass x the acceleration
# 3 For every action there is an equal
and opposite reaction
Einstein-1879-1955 Wrote the Theory of Relativity
gravity holds the universe together
Constant motion
Space and light are related E=mc2
energy= mass x the speed of light squared
Caption: Einstein's theory of general relativity may be interpreted in terms of a
curvature of space in the presence of a gravitational field.
Speed of light=
186,000 mi/ sec or 300,000 Km /sec