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Family Infrastructure Divorce

Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

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Page 1: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

Family InfrastructureFamily InfrastructureDivorce Divorce

Page 2: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

PresentersPresenters

Chaz WashingtonLena NanceR. Tyson CreagerEugene KwakBrandon Aldus

Chaz WashingtonLena NanceR. Tyson CreagerEugene KwakBrandon Aldus

Page 3: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

TopicsTopics

Before Divorce and Marital ConflictAfter DivorceReactions Long and Short TermSingle Parent HouseholdsRemarriage

Before Divorce and Marital ConflictAfter DivorceReactions Long and Short TermSingle Parent HouseholdsRemarriage

Page 4: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

Before Divorce. Conflict!Before Divorce. Conflict!

Divorce occurs in many stages

Stage one: Discontent of One Party

Divorce occurs in many stages

Stage one: Discontent of One Party

Page 5: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

Before Divorce. Conflict!Before Divorce. Conflict!

Stage Two: Expression of Dissatisfaction

Children begin to notice that something is wrong

How are they affected?

Stage Two: Expression of Dissatisfaction

Children begin to notice that something is wrong

How are they affected?

Page 6: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

Before Divorce. Conflict!Before Divorce. Conflict!

Stage three: Deciding to Get Divorced

This stage is most detrimental to children

Stage three: Deciding to Get Divorced

This stage is most detrimental to children

Page 7: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

Before Divorce. Conflict!Before Divorce. Conflict!

Stage four: Acting on Decision

Children Feel Responsible

Children Feel they Have to Choose Sides

Stage four: Acting on Decision

Children Feel Responsible

Children Feel they Have to Choose Sides

Page 8: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

After DivorceAfter Divorce

-Crisis and Reorganization

-Reactions

-Statistics

Page 9: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

After DivorceAfter Divorce

Crisis and ReorganizationA crisis period of a year or more…

The motherReactions to divorceResults of reactions

The fatherTheir reactions

Crisis and ReorganizationA crisis period of a year or more…

The motherReactions to divorceResults of reactions

The fatherTheir reactions

Page 10: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

After DivorceAfter Divorce

The childrenReactions to the divorce

Parent/child relationship during crisis phaseChild’s emotional distressAdult’s ineffective parenting stylesDescribed as a vicious circle

The childrenReactions to the divorce

Parent/child relationship during crisis phaseChild’s emotional distressAdult’s ineffective parenting stylesDescribed as a vicious circle

Page 11: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

After DivorceAfter Divorce

StatisticsMeta-analyses of

studies conducted between 1950 and 1999…

Over 1 million children in the United States experience parental divorce annually

StatisticsMeta-analyses of

studies conducted between 1950 and 1999…

Over 1 million children in the United States experience parental divorce annually

Page 12: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

Reactions Long and Short Term

Reactions Long and Short Term

What Causes Stress for Children? Loss of Parental attachment True and False Abandonment Coping

What Causes Stress for Children? Loss of Parental attachment True and False Abandonment Coping

Page 13: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

What Causes Stress for Children?

What Causes Stress for Children?

Distress – of parentsLess sleep, less anger management,

compulsive/obsessive behaviors, memory problems…

Grief – of parentsOver loss of marriage and partner in

life.Preoccupation – of parents

Lose focus on family

Distress – of parentsLess sleep, less anger management,

compulsive/obsessive behaviors, memory problems…

Grief – of parentsOver loss of marriage and partner in

life.Preoccupation – of parents

Lose focus on family

Page 14: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

What Causes Stress for Children? II

What Causes Stress for Children? II

Self Esteem – of childrenproblems developing a sense of their

own identity Irritability – of children and parents

Lack of understanding & life changesSeparation Anxiety – of children

and parentsClinical, social, and academic

disturbances

Self Esteem – of childrenproblems developing a sense of their

own identity Irritability – of children and parents

Lack of understanding & life changesSeparation Anxiety – of children

and parentsClinical, social, and academic

disturbances

Page 15: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

Loss of Parental Attachment

Loss of Parental Attachment

Factors for childrenGenderMales

boys in divorced families had more adjustment problems than did girls.

FemalesPlain cope with divorce better

Factors for childrenGenderMales

boys in divorced families had more adjustment problems than did girls.

FemalesPlain cope with divorce better

Page 16: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

Loss of Parental Attachment:Factors for children II

Loss of Parental Attachment:Factors for children II

AgeInfants

React to missing parent and energy level.Toddlers

Start expressing empathy towards 1 parentPreschool

Recognize loss of love & parental absencePreteens & adolescents

Understand the meaning of divorce

AgeInfants

React to missing parent and energy level.Toddlers

Start expressing empathy towards 1 parentPreschool

Recognize loss of love & parental absencePreteens & adolescents

Understand the meaning of divorce

Page 17: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

Single

Parenting

Page 18: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

TopicsTopics

Statistics Myths Strengths Positives Potential

Problems

Statistics Myths Strengths Positives Potential

Problems

Page 19: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

Interesting FactsInteresting Facts

16,000,000

56%

Page 20: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

Single Parenting around the US

Single Parenting around the US

Page 21: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

MythsMyths

MYTH: Children who grow-up in a single-parent household are more likely to struggle in school, get into trouble with the law and develop serious social problems.

FACT: Single parents have raised many well-rounded, successful people.

MYTH: Children from single parent homes will never have healthy relationships themselves.

FACT: Children of divorced parents seem to put more energy into maintaining their relationships.

Page 22: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

MythsMyths

MYTH: Children of single parents need role models. The sooner the parent remarries the better.

FACT: Children benefit from the presence of both men and women in their family life BUT provided those men and women are emotionally healthy.

MYTH: Children of single parents have lower self-esteem.

FACT: Children of single parents are no more likely to suffer from low self-esteem than their peers from a two-parent home.

Page 23: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

Positive Qualities Positive Qualities

•Flexibility

•Interdependence

•Strengths

Page 24: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

Potential ProblemsPotential Problems

•Effects upon the children of continued conflict between parents

•Decrease in the amount of time parents and children can spend together

•Disruptions in extended family relationships

•Adverse reactions to parents dating and entering new relationships

•Economic pressure from single parent income

Page 25: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

RemarriageRemarriage

Statistics 75% of Men/ 66% of Women

will remarry 1300 new Step Families every

day 50% of all families

66% divorce when children involved

Divorce rate 10% higher in subsequent marriages

What Does This Mean?

Statistics 75% of Men/ 66% of Women

will remarry 1300 new Step Families every

day 50% of all families

66% divorce when children involved

Divorce rate 10% higher in subsequent marriages

What Does This Mean?

Page 26: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

RemarriageRemarriage

Early Stages(Less than two years)

Honeymoon PeriodStill adapting to new situation

GirlsConflict high with both parents

BoysInitially difficult, more adaptive than girls

Early Stages(Less than two years)

Honeymoon PeriodStill adapting to new situation

GirlsConflict high with both parents

BoysInitially difficult, more adaptive than girls

Page 27: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

RemarriageRemarriage

Later Stage( More than two years)

Family roles worked through and established

GirlsImproved, still more behavior problems than

comparison groups. Boys

Warmth and involvement with StepfatherLess problems

What Causes This Change?

Later Stage( More than two years)

Family roles worked through and established

GirlsImproved, still more behavior problems than

comparison groups. Boys

Warmth and involvement with StepfatherLess problems

What Causes This Change?

Page 28: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

RemarriageRemarriage

Age Effects Children 8 and Younger

Easiest time copingNew family can be a releif

Early Adolescence (9-15)Most DifficultSo many developments taking place in

their own lives Older Adolescents (16+)

Future Oriented, Anticipate leaving home

Age Effects Children 8 and Younger

Easiest time copingNew family can be a releif

Early Adolescence (9-15)Most DifficultSo many developments taking place in

their own lives Older Adolescents (16+)

Future Oriented, Anticipate leaving home

Page 29: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

RemarriageRemarriage

Parents Conflicts over managing Finances Child rearing

Ambiguity as a StepparentSuper Step Parenting

Authoritative parenting early on associated with negative effects

Stepmother is most harmfulExpectation of FatherNegative reaction of Children

Parents Conflicts over managing Finances Child rearing

Ambiguity as a StepparentSuper Step Parenting

Authoritative parenting early on associated with negative effects

Stepmother is most harmfulExpectation of FatherNegative reaction of Children

Page 30: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

RemarriageRemarriage

Best Bet Polite Strangers

Take it easy initially, Establish a solid relationship first.

Authoritative, effective parenting later as relationship has progressed

Best Bet Polite Strangers

Take it easy initially, Establish a solid relationship first.

Authoritative, effective parenting later as relationship has progressed

Page 31: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

ConclusionConclusion

•Divorce is not a quick process it occurs in many different stages

•During divorce you experience both emotional and practical difficulties witch can occur for more than a year where the lives of all family members are affected

•Many reactions can come from the negative effects of divorce, but most of them can be overcome by stressing support from people close to affect members of the family

Page 32: Family Infrastructure Divorce. Presenters Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager Eugene Kwak Brandon Aldus Chaz Washington Lena Nance R. Tyson Creager

Conclusion IIConclusion II

The best approach as a single parent is to model self-respect and self-nurturance, and to establish a support network

Majority of those who go through a divorce will eventually remarry. However remarried families are often more difficult for individual adaptation.

The best approach as a single parent is to model self-respect and self-nurturance, and to establish a support network

Majority of those who go through a divorce will eventually remarry. However remarried families are often more difficult for individual adaptation.