Families on the Periodic Table

Alkali Metals

Elements

Solids:

Lithium Li

PotassiumK

Sodium Na

Rubidium Rb

Cesium Cs

Francium Fr

Alkali Metals (cont.)

Characteristics Soft Dull silver color Reacts w/ halogens to

form salts Oxidation number = +1

Alkaline Earth Metals

Elements

Solids

Beryllium Be

Magnesium Mg

Calcium Ca

Strontium Sr

Barium Ba

Radium Ra

Alkaline Earth Metals (cont.)

Characteristics Soft Shiny silver color Found naturally as a

compound Oxidation number = +2

Transition Metals

Elements

Solids

All “D-block” elements

Atomic numbers 21-30

39-48

57, 72-80

89, 104-112

Transition Metals (cont.)

Characteristics Hard, tough & strong Good catalysts Multiple oxidation

states Used for alloys

Other Metals

Elements

Solids

Aluminum Al

Gallium Ga

Indium In

Tin Sn

Thallium Tl

Lead Pb

Bismuth Bi

Other Metals (cont.)

Characteristics Solids Opaque Color Oxidation numbers +3,

+4, -3 Very malleable

Metalloids

Elements

Solids

Boron B

Silicon Si

Germanium Ge

Arsenic As

Antimony Sb

Tellurium Te

Polonium Po

Metalloids (cont.)

Characteristics Some shiny Some dull Some Malleable Some Brittle

Multiple ox. #’s Has properties of both

metals and nonmetals

Non-Metals

Gases

Hydrogen H

NitrogenN

Oxygen O

Solids

Phosphorus P

Sulfur S

Selenium Se

Carbon C

Non-Metals (cont.)

Characteristics Poor conductors Brittle Little to no metallic

luster High ionization energy

High electronegativity Gain electrons easily Multiple oxidation

numbers

Halogens

Solids

Iodine I

Astatine At

Liquids

BromineBr

Gases

Fluorine F

ChlorineCl

Halogens (cont.)

Only group in all 3 states of matter Highly reactive w/ Alkali Metals & Alkaline

Earth Metals High electronegativity Oxidation number = -1

Noble Gases

Elements

Gases

Helium He

Neon Ne

Argon Ar

Krypton Kr

Xenon Xe

Radon Rn

Noble Gases (cont.)

Non-reactive Odorless Tasteless Colorless Nonflammable Oxidation number = 0

Inner Transition Metals

Elements

Solids

All “F-block” elements

Atomic numbers 58-71

90-103

Inner Transition Metals (cont.)

Characteristics Most are manmade High luster High electrical

conductivity

Usually bonded to

non-metals AKA: lanthanides &

actinides