Fall Semester Fall Semester Exam ReviewExam Review

2011-20122011-2012

Name a body region Name a body region visible from the dorsal visible from the dorsal

view.view.

The eyes are located The eyes are located ___________ to the nose.___________ to the nose.

Moving the whole leg Moving the whole leg away from the center of away from the center of

the body is an example of the body is an example of

Name at least two Name at least two structures within the structures within the

thoracic cavity thoracic cavity

Name the element of a Name the element of a control system detects a control system detects a

change?change?

What operates in such a

way that the initial sti

mulus is shut off or reduced

Blood, Cartilage, Adipose, Blood, Cartilage, Adipose, and Bone are examples of and Bone are examples of

what tissue type?what tissue type?

The type of muscle tissue The type of muscle tissue found in the walls of found in the walls of

blood vessels is:blood vessels is:

Put the following in order Put the following in order from least to greatest from least to greatest

organization:organization:Molecular, tissue, cell, organ, Molecular, tissue, cell, organ,

organ system, organismorgan system, organism

In which body cavity In which body cavity would gallbladder would gallbladder

surgery occur?surgery occur?

Which body tissue allows Which body tissue allows for movement of limbs for movement of limbs

and for organ movements and for organ movements within the body?within the body?

The exchange of oxygen The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide

between air, blood, and between air, blood, and body tissuesbody tissues

The alveoli are made of The alveoli are made of what kind of epithelial what kind of epithelial

tissue? tissue?

Gas is exchanged in the Gas is exchanged in the ________ by the process of ________ by the process of

___________________.___________________.

What has the greatest What has the greatest stimulating effect on the stimulating effect on the respiratory center in the respiratory center in the

brain?brain?

Put the following in order Put the following in order for the path of inhaled for the path of inhaled

air:air:Larynx, pharynx, nasal cavity, Larynx, pharynx, nasal cavity,

trachea, bronchus, alveolitrachea, bronchus, alveoli

What non-respiratory What non-respiratory action results from the action results from the

spasms of the spasms of the diaphragm?diaphragm?

The respiratory damage The respiratory damage caused by smoking one caused by smoking one

marijuana joint is marijuana joint is comparable to smoking comparable to smoking

_________._________.

This is known as the This is known as the “smoker’s disease”, but “smoker’s disease”, but can also affect persons can also affect persons

with long term exposure with long term exposure to asbestos, chemicals, to asbestos, chemicals,

or coal.or coal.

The common term for the The common term for the trachea is the trachea is the

Temporary surgical Temporary surgical procedure which makes an procedure which makes an

opening so that air can opening so that air can bypass a structure in the bypass a structure in the

tracheatrachea

When the When the ___________stiffen, ___________stiffen,

particles of dirt, mucus, particles of dirt, mucus, and debris can pollute and debris can pollute

your lungs which can lead your lungs which can lead to the formation of a to the formation of a

tumortumor

When the diaphragm and When the diaphragm and external intercostals external intercostals

contract and the rib cage contract and the rib cage and sternum are lifted, and sternum are lifted, what action is taking what action is taking

place?place?

Where is the highest Where is the highest amount of COamount of CO22 found? found?

Hint: oxygenated or Hint: oxygenated or deoxygenated; pulmonary deoxygenated; pulmonary artery or pulmonary veinartery or pulmonary vein

Each of the following is Each of the following is connected to the pharynx connected to the pharynx

EXCEPT:EXCEPT:

Auditory tubes, Nasal cavity, Trachea,Auditory tubes, Nasal cavity, Trachea, Oral cavity, Larynx Oral cavity, Larynx

This protective structure This protective structure helps to keep food and helps to keep food and

fluids out of the airways:fluids out of the airways:

Which of the following Which of the following connective tissues connective tissues

surrounds an individual surrounds an individual muscle cell:muscle cell:

The three types of muscle The three types of muscle tissue are: tissue are:

What is the neurotransmitter that sti

mulates

muscle contraction?

To produce horizontal To produce horizontal wrinkles in the forehead, wrinkles in the forehead, what muscle is involved:what muscle is involved:

Describe the sliding Describe the sliding filament theory by filament theory by

explaining the physical explaining the physical change between actin change between actin and myosin that takes and myosin that takes

place during contraction place during contraction

In order for an active site In order for an active site on actin to be available on actin to be available

for the cross-bridge for the cross-bridge binding, the presence of binding, the presence of

__________ is required.__________ is required.

Name the two criteria on Name the two criteria on which the biceps femoris which the biceps femoris

is named is named

Muscle tissue that is Muscle tissue that is involuntary includesinvoluntary includes

Functions of the _________ system:

Movement,

Maintains

posture

Generates

heat,

Stabilize joints

What

muscle tissue type?

Intercalated discs

Striated

Branching cells

Involuntary

What protein makes up What protein makes up the myofilament known the myofilament known as the thick filament?as the thick filament?

Long bone growth during Long bone growth during childhood and childhood and

adolescence is provided adolescence is provided by the presence of the by the presence of the

Functions of the _________system Functions of the _________system Support of the pelvic organsSupport of the pelvic organs

Protection of the brainProtection of the brainProviding levers for the movement Providing levers for the movement

of skeletal musclesof skeletal musclesProduction of blood cellsProduction of blood cells

Women suffering from Women suffering from osteoporosis are frequent osteoporosis are frequent

victims of _______ victims of _______ fractures of the vertebraefractures of the vertebrae

There are _______ lumbar There are _______ lumbar vertebrae; whereas there vertebrae; whereas there

are ______ cervical are ______ cervical vertebraevertebrae

A small child fell from the top A small child fell from the top bunk of her bed. The doctor bunk of her bed. The doctor

determined that the child would determined that the child would need a plate and two small screws need a plate and two small screws

to repair the broken humerus. to repair the broken humerus. Treatment: Treatment:

Hint: Hint: Open or Closed reduction; arm or Open or Closed reduction; arm or

legleg

An entire unit of bone An entire unit of bone that contains the central that contains the central

canal and the canal and the surrounding lamellae:surrounding lamellae:

Spongy bone resembles a Spongy bone resembles a network of bony struts network of bony struts

separated by spaces that separated by spaces that are normally filled withare normally filled with

Name an example of a Name an example of a long bone long bone

The end of the femur The end of the femur near the tibia is referred near the tibia is referred

to as the to as the

Name an example of a Name an example of a diathrosis joint diathrosis joint

Dense connective tissue Dense connective tissue that looks smooth and that looks smooth and

homogenous homogenous

Small needlelike pieces of Small needlelike pieces of bone and lots of open bone and lots of open

space space

Place the following in the Place the following in the best sequence for the best sequence for the

four healing stages of a four healing stages of a bone fracturebone fracture

Bone remodeling,Bone remodeling,

cartilage formation, cartilage formation,

bony callus formation, bony callus formation,

hematoma formationhematoma formation

The digestive enzyme The digestive enzyme pepsin, secreted by pepsin, secreted by

gastric glands, begins the gastric glands, begins the digestion of digestion of

Pancreatic enzymes Pancreatic enzymes travel along the travel along the

pancreatic duct and, pancreatic duct and, along with the bile duct, along with the bile duct, join the alimentary canal join the alimentary canal

at the at the

What enzyme is present What enzyme is present in the mouth and in the mouth and

pancreas?pancreas?

The function of the The function of the gallbladder is togallbladder is to

During swallowing, During swallowing, muscles draw the soft muscles draw the soft

palate and uvula upward palate and uvula upward to to

Describe peristaltic Describe peristaltic waves waves

What substance makes What substance makes up the visible portion of up the visible portion of

the tooth?the tooth?

Pepsinogen is converted Pepsinogen is converted to pepsin in the presence to pepsin in the presence

of _________of _________

Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter pylori infection can result in infection can result in

What occurs when too What occurs when too much water is removed much water is removed from stools in the large from stools in the large

intestine?intestine?

What nutrient is What nutrient is absorbed by the lacteals absorbed by the lacteals of the villi of the small of the villi of the small

intestine?intestine?

Which of the following is Which of the following is the correct order through the correct order through

the digestive system?the digestive system?

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, rectumintestine, rectum

What hormone is What hormone is responsible for the responsible for the

secondary characteristics secondary characteristics of females?of females?

What two reproductive What two reproductive hormones are found in hormones are found in

both males and females?both males and females?

After ovulation, the After ovulation, the ruptured follicle will turn ruptured follicle will turn

into the ________into the ________

A person who has had A person who has had this type of mastectomy this type of mastectomy will have great difficulty will have great difficulty adducting the arms, as adducting the arms, as when doing pushups.when doing pushups.

Human ova and sperm Human ova and sperm are similar in that:are similar in that:

Describe Cowper’s gland Describe Cowper’s gland secretions secretions

A sudden decline in A sudden decline in estrogen and estrogen and

progesterone levels ends progesterone levels ends the inhibition of _______ the inhibition of _______

hormone hormone

Braxton Hicks Braxton Hicks contractions are contractions are

Which structure in the Which structure in the female reproductive female reproductive

anatomy would anatomy would correspond to the male correspond to the male

penis because of the penis because of the erectile tissue?erectile tissue?

Oogenesis starts:Oogenesis starts:

All of the organ systems All of the organ systems are laid down, at least in are laid down, at least in rudimentary form, and rudimentary form, and

the embryo looks the embryo looks distinctly human by the distinctly human by the

_______ week of _______ week of developmentdevelopment

The stage of labor that The stage of labor that involves delivery of the involves delivery of the

infant is the infant is the

The placenta is usually a The placenta is usually a functioning organ by functioning organ by

what week:what week:

The layer of the uterus The layer of the uterus that sloughs off on a that sloughs off on a monthly basis is the:monthly basis is the:

The surge in _____________ The surge in _____________ hormone is primarily hormone is primarily

responsible for ovulation.responsible for ovulation.

The corpus luteum The corpus luteum primarily produces this primarily produces this

hormonehormone

What capillary bed What capillary bed receives blood from the receives blood from the

efferent arteriole?efferent arteriole?

The cells of which renal The cells of which renal tubule structure contains tubule structure contains relatively large numbers relatively large numbers

of mitochondria?of mitochondria?

Urine enters the bladder Urine enters the bladder through which structure?through which structure?

Name three parts of the Name three parts of the nephron located in the nephron located in the

renal cortexrenal cortex

What surrounds the What surrounds the glomerulus?glomerulus?

What two hormones What two hormones studied in the urinary studied in the urinary

system are likely to cause system are likely to cause a RISE in blood pressure?a RISE in blood pressure?

If the blood is acidic, the If the blood is acidic, the body will will-rebalance body will will-rebalance

the pH by:the pH by:

Describe tubular Describe tubular secretion secretion

Describe selective Describe selective reabsorption.reabsorption.

The presence of ADH The presence of ADH causes an individual to causes an individual to

excreteexcrete

Normally, in humans, Normally, in humans, glucose is always found glucose is always found

in the filtrate with in the filtrate with _________ in the urine._________ in the urine.

The functional unit of The functional unit of the urinary system is the the urinary system is the

Name three of the Name three of the substances typically substances typically reabsorbed by the reabsorbed by the

tubules:tubules:

The outermost portion of The outermost portion of the kidney is the the kidney is the

Name three of the Name three of the substances typically substances typically found in the urinefound in the urine

List three characteristics List three characteristics of urineof urine

Blood pressure in the Blood pressure in the glomerulus is glomerulus is

Each kidney contains Each kidney contains about _______ million about _______ million

nephronsnephrons

The enlarged, closed end The enlarged, closed end of the renal tubule is of the renal tubule is

calledcalled

The non-selective, The non-selective, passive process that passive process that

takes place in the takes place in the glomerulus is calledglomerulus is called

The final step of urine The final step of urine formation in which formation in which

additional substances are additional substances are removed from the blood:removed from the blood:

Which body tissue lines Which body tissue lines hollow organs?hollow organs?