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7/31/2019 Fall Risk and Physical Therapy
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EXERCISES
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Fall facts
25-38% seniors over 65 fall each year. Falls frequencyincreases with age
1/10 falls cause severeinjuries(hip &head)
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Behavioural risk factorsqMultiple medications
qExcessive alcohol intake and smoking
qLack of exercises
qChronic illness(eg.parkinsons disease,arthritis,osteoporosis)
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Clickicontoaddpicture
Fall risk at home
Stairswith no
handrails
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Improper footwear
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Clickicontoaddpicture
Throw rugs in awalking path
Clickicontoaddpicture
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Dimlighting
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Narrowpassag
es
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Pets
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Furnitures
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Cordsin apath
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Impact of falls
Disability anddeath
Nursing home
dependency
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Fear of FallingWarningSigns
q Need to touch or holdonto things or people
q Walks very slowlyq Takes small stepsq Limited movementq Expresses a fear of falling
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Prevention tips
qTreat acute injury & underlyingmedical conditions
q
Remove unnecessary medications
qRehab, exercises, assistive devices
qCorrect sensory impairments
qEnvironmental modifications & safety
qEvaluate for osteoporosis treatment
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Make your home safer
Bathroomgrab bars for toilet andbathtub.use nonslippery tiles or mats.
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Kitchen
Look at your kitchen and eating area.
qMove items in your cabinets.
Keep things you use often onthe lower shelves(above waist level).
qIf you must use a step stool, getone with a bar tohold on to.Never use chairs as step stools
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FLO O RS:Look at the floorin each roomqAsk someone to move furniture so your path is
clear.
qRemove rugs or use rugs wont slip
qPick up things on thefloor
qAlways keepobjects off the flooroms.
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STAIRS AND STEPS:
qProper lighting
qHandrails
qFix loose rails
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BEDROOMSqPlace a lamp near to bed
qPut a night light
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Make your home safer
qGet up slowly after you sit or lie down
qImprove the lighting in your home
qWear footwear that give good support inside andoutside
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Assistive Devices
Walkers:qimprove balanceq reduce weight bearingqprovide 4-way stability
Canes:qimprove balanceqprovide support
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Assistive Devices contd
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ExercisesqStrengthening Exercises
qBalance Retraining
qGeneral fitness
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Benefits of exercisesqIncrease bone density
q maintain/improve cardiovascular function
qIncrease muscle strength
q
improve posture,and flexibilityq improve balance and confidence
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Lack of exercises
qloss of muscle and bone mass
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q
W eakness and postural changes
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qDecrease cardiovascular fitness
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qIncreased feelings of anxiety,
fear and depression
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Aerobic exercises -WalkingTips for walkingqWear comfortable shoes and clothing.
qStart with a warm-up marching on the spot for 2 minutes
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W hen you w alkqThe shoulders are relaxed and the arms gentlyswing.
qLook ahead, not down.
qWith each step the heel landsfirst, then you push off on the toes.
q Finish with a warm-down
marching on the spot for two minutes.
q Enjoy yourself!
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Appropriate exercise
sessionqGradual warm up and cool down
qStart slowly
qRest in between exercise sessions
qGood physical support
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Contact your doctor if w hile
exercising you experience...
qDizziness
qChest pain
qShortness of breath
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Thank You!
Have a Great Day!
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Head M ovem ents
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Neck m ovem ents
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Trunk m ovem ents
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Ankle m ovem ents
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Getting stronger by using
w eight cuffs
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Front knee strengtheningexercises
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Back knee strengthening
exercises
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Side hip strengthening
exercises
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Calf raises hold support
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Toe raises hold support
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Balance
Sit to stand
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Partial squats
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Backward walking with
support
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Sidew ay W alking
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Heel to toe standing
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Heel to toe w alking
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Single limb standing
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Stepping over objects