Facial Recongnition Technique

7/31/2019 Facial Recongnition Technique

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This is one of the parameters use in biometrics. Othersinclude; iris scanning, finger printing and lip printing.


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Introduction Facial recognition is a form of comp-uter vision that uses face to attempt to

identify a persons claimed identity.

Early pioneers of automated facialrecognition include; Woody Bledsoe,

Helen Chan Wolf and Charles Bison. They work on usingthe computer to recognize human face by using a largedatabase of images and select from the database a small setof records such that the image records matches thephotograph in book of musshets.


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FIVE STEP PROCESS (STEP 1)ACQUIRING THE IMAGE OF AN INDIVIDUALS FACE

2 WAYS TO AQUIRE IMAGE

1)Digitally scan an existing photograph2)Acquire a live picture of a subject


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FIVE STEP PROCESS (STEP 2)LOCATE IMAGE OF FACE

-software is used to locate the faces in the image that

has been obtained


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FIVE STEP PROCESS (STEP 2)


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FIVE STEP PROCESS (STEP 3)ANALYSIS OF FACIAL IMAGE

-software measures face according to is peaks and

valleys (nodal points)-focuses on the inner region of the face known as thegolden triangle

-nodal points are used to make a face print


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FIVE STEP PROCESS (STEP 4)COMPARISON

-the face print created by the software is compared to

all face prints the system has stored in its database.


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FIVE STEP PROCESS (STEP 5)MATCH OR NO MATCH

-software decides whether or not any comparisons

from step 4 are close enough to declare a possiblematch


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FINAL STEPTHE HUMAN OPERATOR


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TECHNIQUES Facial recognition algorithm; Thisalgorithm identify relative positionShape and size of the eyes, nose, cheekBone and jaw.

Some facial recognition algorithmsidentify faces by extractinglandmarks or certain features froman image of the subject face. this

image are used to search for other imageswith matching features.


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Face Detection Algorithm

Face Localization

Lighting Compensation

Skin Color Detection

Color Space Transformation

Variance-based Segmentation

Connected Component &Grouping

Face Boundary DetectionVerifying/ WeightingEyes-Mouth Triangles

Eye/ Mouth Detection

Facial Feature Detection

Input Image

Output Image

(Zhang et al.,2000)


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Face Recognition: 2-D and 3-D2-D

Face

Database

Time

(video)

2-D

Recognition

Data

3-D 3-D

Recognition

Comparison

Prior knowledge

of face class


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Advantage of 3 dimensional facial recognition;

It is not affected by change in lighting like other

technique.

It can also identify face from a range of viewingangles.

The main disadvantage of this techniques is thatit could be sensitive to expression


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Examples of software's that uses

facial recognition system.

Googles Picasa digital image.

Apple photoFace book.


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Uses of facial recognition system.1. Security: notable users in the area of security include;

The Germany federal police

The Australian customs service

U.S department of state

Spaceship earth in Epcot.

2. Used in search for potential criminals and terrorist

3. It could also be use to prevent voters fraud

4. Similar technologies were used in united states toprevent people from obtaining fake identification cardsand driving licenses.


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Uses of facial recognition system.5. Also in addition to biometric usage, modern digitalcameras often incorporate a facial detection system.

This allow the camera to focus and measure exposureon the subject face, thus guarantying a focused portraiton the person photograph.

In addition some cameras ,incorporate a smile shutteror take automatically a second picture if someone eye isclosed during exposure.


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Uses of facial recognition system

Others potential uses of facial recognition that are

currently been develop includes:

using it as a security measure at ATMs; instead of usinga bank card or personal identification numbers.

The same concept can also be applied to computer;using ones face to replace password as a mean to log-in.


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ADVANTAGES OF FACIAL

RECORGNITION SYSTEM.

It does not require consent from the test subject.

Properly designed systems installed in Airportsand public places can identify individuals amongcrowds.


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LIMITATIONS.

(Bledsoe, 1996).

Faces with intra-subject variations in pose, illumination, expression, accessories,

color, occlusions, and brightness


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RECENT IMPROVEMENTS. In 2006 the results obtain after evaluating the recent facial

recognition algorithms indicate that the new algorithmsare 10 times more accurate than that of 2002 and 100 times

more accurate than that of 1995.

Some of the algorithms were able to outperform humanparticipants in recognizing faces and could uniquelyidentify identical twins.

The issue of insufficient resolution has been resolve as aresult of further improvement in high resolution megapixel cameral.


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CONCLUSION.As a result of certain limitation in finger print lip print

and others biometrics parameters use as a means ofrecognition, nowadays facial recognition system are

finding market penetration as attendance monitoringalternatives.


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REFERECES

Bonsor,K.(2008).How facial recognition works(3 ed.)

Brunnelli,R(2009). Template matching techniques in

computer vision: Theory and practice, ISBN 978-O-410-517(1).

Kimmel Ron.(2005). Three dimensional face recognition(2ed.)

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Facial Recongnition Technique