In the Bronze Age, the development of urban centres coincided with the emergence of settled agriculture. It was around this time that fruit culture also developed, and humans started growing fruits.

Many varieties of fruits were grown and consumed by the people of the Indus Valley. Bananas were grown in India by 500 BC. The Harappans are reported to have grown fruits such as dates, grapes, figs and sugarcane.

Fruits have been famous since ancient times in Hindu culture. Fruits are offered to deities during rituals on festivals. Many temples offer fruits as prasad to devotees. There are many mythological stories which state that fruits are considered as part of food consumed by heavenly beings apart from nectar.

Riddhi Seth, IX-G, D.A.V. International School, Amritsar; Rimjhim Grover, VI-E, Gwalior Glory High School, Gwalior

INTACHTHe HerITAge CluB NewsleTTer

APrIl - JuNe 2016 VOl. 13 No. 2

CONTENTS

Fabulous Fruits 1History of Fruits 2Fruity Myths 3Jambudvipa – land of Fruits 4Healing Fruits 6Indian Fruit Cycle 7Interesting Indegenious Fruits 8-9Maharaja Mango 10Figure the Fruits 11Fruit Find 12Activities 4 u 13-14Heritage News 15Prize winners, what’s Next? 16

Fabulous Fruits

I N d I a N N a T I O N a l T r u S T f O r a r T a N d C u l T u r a l H E r I T a g E

Fruits have been grown and consumed

by people since antiquity. There is enough

evidence to suggest that fruits were consumed by humans

in ancient times, and the tradition continues to this day. We consume fruits daily, some for their health benefits and other for their taste. Some fruits are indigenous while others were introduced as a result of political and cultural interaction with other countries. The Mughal emperors were responsible for introducing certain varieties of fruits and so were the European colonizers. Come, let’s explore the world of juicy and delicious fruits!

Fruits are yellow, green, red...

Fruits are what we all are fed,

Some are from India, some are not,

Adding to heritage, to all what we got!!

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MANGO MAGICMango, also known as the king of fruits, is the national fruit of India. Mangoes inspired motifs too for paintings, textiles etc.

The ambi or the paisley design resembles the shape of small

mangoes.

THE FRUIT TALEI embellish the idols, add to their beauty,

I am used to fulfil wishes, it is my heartfelt duty.

Leaves touching me, always a blessed hand over my head.

When I descend on the earth, I am given a soft bed.

Birds and animals enjoy my taste leaving seeds,

Then grow the trees and I continue to fulfil needs!

Swapnil Nonitali, IX-C, Jaswant Modern Sr. Sec. School, Dehra Dun

BABUR’s LOvE!

Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur, the founder of the

Mughal dynasty in India, was a nature lover. when he came

to India, Babur brought the melons along with him to

restore a sense of belonging back home in Central Asia.

Illustration by: Samridhi Pathak, VI A,

Vishva Bharti Public School, Yamuna

Nagar

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HistorY oF Fruits Fruits have been grown by Indians since time immemorial. From the Indus Valley to the modern times, fruits have been an integral part of Indian history.

DID YOU KNOW?In Ancient Egypt, King Tut

and others were buried with pomegranates to acquire a second life. Pomegranate is known as the ‘jewel of autumn’. It

symbolizes prosperity.Sneha Pandey, VII, Delhi Public School,

Jabalpur; Vedika Jain, VIIID, Mayo College Girls’ School, Ajmer

TIMELINE OF FRUITs

FRUITs IN INDIAN ART AND ARCHITECTURE

Fruits have been used as decorative symbols in Indian architecture since ancient times. sculptures of mango fruit are found in Buddhist monuments at sanchi and Ajanta. Fruits have also been used in Islamic monuments for decoration, like those depicted in the beautiful carvings on the Taj Mahal.

Indus Valley Civilization

The date palm was a common motif used in Harappan painted pottery. Grapes and Indian jujube (ber) were also consumed.

Vedic Period Fruits such as mango and amalaka (amla) have been frequently mentioned in Vedic literature.

Kushana Period Hieun Tsang who visited India in the 7th century mentions the existence of mango, jujube, wood-apple, amla, plantain and jackfruit.

Mughal Period Babur introduced melons in India. He was very fond of citrus fruits. Grapes, plums and cherries and many other temperate fruits were introduced by the Mughals in India.

Colonial Period The Portuguese introduced some exotic fruits when they came to India in the 17th century. Pineapple and guava were introduced by them. Pear was introduced in India by the British.

Activity

MINIATURE MYsTERYIn miniature style of paintings, fruits were used as decorative elements. study this miniature painting and describe the garden and fruits in a few lines.

FRUITs AND CHARBAGHs

Mughal rulers were very fond of gardens, and the charbagh gardens that they developed had many trees full of fruits seen in Agra, Delhi, srinagar and lahore. A perfect example is the Chashm e-shahi garden in srinagar which contains terraced lawns, fountains, fruits, flowers and Chinar trees on the banks of Dal lake.

Indus Valley Civilization

The date palm was a common motif used in Harappan painted pottery. Grapes and Indian jujube (ber) were also consumed.

Vedic Period Fruits such as mango and amalaka (amla) have been frequently mentioned in Vedic literature.

Kushana Period Hieun Tsang who visited India in the 7th century mentions the existence of mango, jujube, wood-apple, amla, plantain and jackfruit.

Mughal Period Babur introduced melons in India. He was very fond of citrus fruits. Melons, plums and cherries and many other temperate fruits were introduced by the Mughals in India.

Colonial Period The Portuguese introduced some exotic fruits when they came to India in the 17th century. Pineapple and guava were introduced by them. Pear was introduced in India by the British.

Fruit motif, Fatehpur Sikri

Fruit tree sculpture, Sanchi Stupa

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Fruits appear in myths from around the world. Often it is symbol of abundance, associated with goddesses of plenty and harvest. Sometimes fruits represent earthy pleasures and temptation. Specific kinds of fruits have acquired their own symbolic meaning in the myths and legends of different cultures. From ancient epics to religious texts, fruits find a mention everywhere.

Ekam Singh, IV-A,Birla Vidya Niketan, Pushp Vihar, Delhi

A FRUITY TALE FROM THE PANCHATANTRA

The Bird with Two Heads

Once there lived a bird named Bharunda. He had two heads but shared a common body. One day, it found a delicious fruit. One of the heads mumbled, ‘Oh what an attractive fruit. I must have it.’ On saying so, it started eating. Meanwhile the other head was observing all this. As it was clear that first head didn’t want to share the fruit, it justified its action by saying that since they both share the same body, it doesn’t matter who eats it. This selfishness of the first head hurt the second head very much and the second head became silent. Few days later, as they were wandering, the second head found some fruits. The fruits were from a poisonous tree. Then…

read the story in details at http://www. chandamama.in/the-bird-with-two-heads/

what did you learn from this story?

TRYsT WITH TAMARINDThe Tamarind tree got famous in Hindu mythology because of usha, the adopted daughter of goddess Parvati. usha was punished by her mother for not taking proper care of her brother ganesha.

It is in her memory that no salt is taken in the month of ‘chaitra’ and instead food is seasoned with the pulp of the tamarind fruit which is very sour. R. Abirami, Alpha English Hr. Sec. School, Puducherry

TENALI’s TALEOnce upon a time, at the court of King Krishnadeva raya, a grand fest was held. Tenali raman hogged on the food like a glutton. He declared that he is so full that not even air can pass. A clever boy immediately brought a bowl of ripe mangoes. Tenali quickly gulped them down. everyone got amazed. The witty Tenali answered that, “whenever a King enters a room the people make way for him. so as soon as ‘The King of Fruits: Mango’ entered my stomach, the other edibles made way for it”. Gargi K. Chauhan, VI, AMS P. Obul Reddy Public School, Hyderabad

Activity

vIRTUOUs FRUITsAccording to popular legends, fruits symbolize certain virtues. For example, apple symbolizes peace, wisdom and knowledge. Can you guess what the following fruits symbolize?

1. Fig 2. Banana3. Plum4. grapes5. Mango

THE LEGEND OF sHABARI In the ramayana, the legend of shabari is an interesting one. she was a hunter’s daughter and an ascetic. shabari was so devoted to lord rama that before offering jujubes (ber) to him, she tasted each one of them and discarded the bitter ones. lord rama was so overwhelmed by her devotion that he ate all the jujubes tasted by shabari. Priyanshu Goel, IX-B, St. Marks Sr. Sec. Public School, Meera Bagh; D. Balaji Reddy, IXB, Visakha Valley School, Visakhapatnam

FruitY MYtHs

Do you know mangoes are

special!

Illustration by: Gobinath, VIII, Sri Divya Merkondaar Matric School, Thanjavur

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“The great night of Siva is the most sacred time for fasts, prayers, and offerings, when even the most involuntary acts, if pleasing to Siva, are made holy. There was a poor hunter once, who happened to take shelter during the night in Siva’s sacred Bael tree. He was delivered from the encumbrance of all previous existences.”

-The Siva Purana, 7th century A.D

In the continent of the Jamun trees, where

the land of India Jambudvipa lies...

– Indian ritual invocation

family: PalmaceaeSanskrit Name: NarikelaHindi Name: Nariyal

The sanskrit name for coconut is sriphala which means the ‘fruit of prosperity.’ Coconut is considered as a symbol of auspicious beginnings. It is split into half before starting any auspicious work. In coastal regions, fishermen offer coconuts to the sea to venerate lords of winds and water, Varuna for smooth sailing. Coconut is a very important part of wedding rituals. The nut itself is taken as a symbol of life. In south India, coconuts occupy a special place in their rituals and customs. It is believed that the marks on the coconut represent the three-eyed lord shiva. H. Arshini Sai, Angappa CBSE Sr. Sec. School, Coimbatore

family: RutaceaeSanskrit Name: BilvaHindi Name: Bael

The bael fruit is described to be so sacred that its wood is not used as fuel. The bael is considered to be lord shiva’s tree (a tall tree with dark leaves, and fruits resembling pale sun). The trifoliate leaves symbolizes three eyes of lord shiva. Bael leaves are offered to lord shiva especially on the occasion of shivaratri.

Bael fruit is associated with goddess lakshmi. The fruit is also mentioned in the rig Veda. According to a popular legend, sweet beads fell and created bael trees while goddess Parvati was churning the oceans and creating life on the earth.

family: MyrtaceaeSanskrit Name: JambuHindi Name: Jamun

According to the Mahabharata, jamun is considered to be a cosmic tree located to the south of Mount Meru. It is said that the name Jambudvipa or continent of jamun trees was kept after a divine episode wherein the jamun tree’s ripened fruit burst and its juice fell in the form of waterfalls making a river. In the ramayana, lord rama is said to have survived on jamun for 14 years. lord Krishna’s blue skin is likened to the jamun, which perhaps is one of the reason why temples dedicated to Krishna also house jamun trees. Vanshika Sharma, VIII-A, Bhatnagar International School, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi

family: RhamnaceaeSanskrit Name: GudaphalaHindi Name: Beri, Ber

Ber is considered as poor man’s apple. Ber is also one of the fruits that is offered to lord shiva during shivaratri. Indian Jujubes or ber are central to the puja of goddess saraswati during Basant Panchami in west Bengal. It is said that Maharana Pratap survived on ber when he was at war with emperor Akbar. During the construction of sri Harminder sahib, guru Arjan Dev meditated under the ber tree. In Amritsar there is a tree called ‘Dukh Bhanjani Beri’, it is believed that if someone bathes under this tree, his sorrows will go away.

COCONUT BAEL

JAMUN BER

JaMbuDViPa - laND oF Fruits

Illustration by: H. Arshini Sai, Angappa, CBSE, Sr.

School, Coimbatore

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family: AnacardiaceaeSanskrit Name: AmraHindi Name: Aam

Mango is called the ‘King of Fruits’. In India, it is the best known fruit. According to Hindu mythology, once Narada Muni gifted lord shiva and goddess Parvati the golden fruit (mango) with the instruction that only one person could eat it. so they chose to give it to one of their sons (Kartika and ganesha) on a condition that whoever would take three rounds of the universe first, will be given the mango as a prize. ganesha being smart took three rounds of his parents saying “My parents are my universe” and reached first. Therefore ganesha got the mango fruit owing to his unsurpassed love for his parents.

family: MusaceaeSanskrit Name: Kadali-phalaHindi Name: Kela

The banana is considered to be a boon-giving tree. No wedding ritual or ceremony is considered complete without its presence. Banana trees are used during the rituals of Durga Puja, in which it symbolizes lord ganesha’s wife.

Banana is called ‘Kadli Phalam’ too. According to mythology, once Durvasa Muni was deep in sleep. As the sun was about to set, his wife tried waking her husband up as he would miss his evening prayers. Durvasa was known for his short temper. upon waking, he cursed his wife that she will become a kadli (banana) plant and be on earth forever. His wife requested she may always be near to god and may her fruits, leaves be used in service of god. so banana is used as a sacred plant in every ritual and ceremony and as an offering to deities.Anupama Chaudhary, X-A, Suditi Global Academy, Etawah; Anushka Sharma, VII-B, Bhavan’s SL Public School, Amritsar

MANGO

Jainism and Fruits

In Jainism, not all fruits and

vegetables are considered as

eatables. Only few ripe fruits are

allowed to be consumed. During

Mahavir Jayanti, devotees offer

milk, fruit, rice, incense, and water.

Kulsum Khan, VIII-g, greenwood Sr. Sec.

School, rampur

Buddhism and FruitsIn Buddhism, fruits are part of votive offerings. Offering of fruit symbolizes the ultimate fruit of enlightenment, and also reminds the believer that all actions will have their effect.

Christianity and Fruits The Hebrew Bible mentions six types of fruit trees such as grape, fig, olive, pomegranate, date, and apple. Communion wine or altar wine is obtained from grapes and is used in the celebration of the eucharist or Holy Communion. Kulsum Khan, VIII-G, Greenwood Sr. Sec. School, Rampur

Islam and FruitsAccording to the Quran, fruits such as grapes, dates, figs, olives, and pomegranates are the gifts of god. There are several verses in the Quran which describe the fruits and vegetables in heaven. It is believed that if anyone is fasting, then he or she should break their fast with dates.

Activity

PLANT A PEACE GARDEN WITH FRUITs

Plant your peace garden with flowering and fruit trees

associated with different religions.

Fruits aND FaitHs

BANANA

Illustration by: Darshika Nandini, VIII A, Bharatiya Vidya

Bhavan Vidyashram, Jaipur

Illustration by: Mudit Agarwal, IX C, Bharatiya

Vidya Bhavan Vidyashram, Jaipur

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HEaliNG Fruits Fruits are known for their healing properties. Each fruit is rich in vitamins, proteins and has a cure to infections and diseases. Like the apple, a fruit a day keeps the doctor away….

Name of the Fruit Cure Pineapple CancerWatermelon HypertensionCherry Inflammation/painPapaya Skin problems Strawberry Heart diseaseGrapefruit InfectionsBanana Blood sugar and diarrhea Apple Diabetes and heart diseaseMango CancerPomegranate Arthritis and improves memory

Luscious Litchi litchi is famous for its excellent quality, pleasant flavour and juicy pulp with attractive red colour. The fruit is also rich in vitamin B and C, riboflavin. It keeps the body hydrated, maintains digestive health and is beneficial for our bone and skin health. Ayushi Roy, IX F, Veda Vyasa D.A.V Public School, Vikas Puri, New Delhi

starry strawberry researches indicate that strawberry consumption may be associated with a decreased cardiovascular disease risk and that phytochemicals present in the fruit have anti-inflammatory and anti-cancerous properties. strawberries are a rich source of Vitamin C. Prachi, IX, Sri Sathya Sai Jagriti Vidya Mandir, Darwa, Yamunanagar; Aayushi Roy, IX-F, V.V.D.A.V. Public School, Vikaspuri, New Delhi

Charming Chikoo The chikoo or sapota originated in Central America. The spanish explorers took it to the Philippines and from there it gained popularity in Asia. Nowadays, the main purpose of cultivating the trees is to use this latex in making chewing gum. The fruit contains simple sugars, fructose and sucrose, and is a rich source of Vitamin A.

Pretty Pineapple Pineapples are helpful in improving bone and eye health, aids in digestion, promotes gum health and improves immune system. It is rich in Vitamin A, B, C and minerals like calcium, magnesium and iron. Himanshi Dhiman,VII, D.A.V. Sr. Sec. Public School, Naraingarh, Haryana

Great Guava guava not only serves humans but is a favourite of birds and animals too. There are about 100 species of the fruit available throughout the world. It is a sweet and crunchy fruit. It is a good source of Vitamin C.Bidisha Mukherjee, VIC, D.A.V. Public School, Sector 14, Faridabad

Glorious Grapes grapes contain flavonoids. They are rich in antioxidants. They help in reducing free radicals and slow down ageing. Sunaina, VIA, Saupin’s School, Chandigarh

KALPAvRIKsHA-COCONUTTender coconut water is good for kidney stones, While the thatched palms adorn our homes.All Goans dry coconut on cloth or a plastic sheet,And that is the dry coconut we use in the curry we eat. The coconut is the unique fruit of our state,And if you want to taste it, book your tickets before it is too late !Rania Gomes, VIII, Fatima Convent High School, Goa

Illustration by: Radhika Bansal, VIII B, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Pratapnagar, Jaipur

Illustration by: Ravi Praveen Baxla, VIII G,

Bridgeford School, Ranchi

Illustration by: Sakshi Sharma, IX E, Subodh Public School, Jaipur

Illustration by: Aditya Aryan, VIII A, Bridgeford

School, Ranchi

Illustration by: Himanshi Dhiman, VII, D.A.V. Sr. Sec.

Public School, Ambala

Illustration by: Kaustubh Sahey, VIII B, Bridgeford

School, Ranchi

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iNDiaN Fruit CYClE In the Puranas it is mentioned that Jaishtha is the month of fruits in India. On the first day of the moon, the first fruits of the year were thrown into the water to ensure a favourable future.

sOME POPULAR sEAsONAL FRUITs Winter Fruits Spring

Fruits Summer Fruits

Fall Fruits

December-February

March-May June-August September-November

Dates Mango Mango Guava

Orange Strawberry Watermelon Passion fruit

Promegranate Litchi Peach Pomegranate

Pear Apricot Plum Sapote (chikoo)

Apple Apple Raspberry Apple

Ber Grapes Grapes Orange

Guava Jamun Cherry Dates

Pineapple Melons Muskmelon Custard apple

FEsTIvE FRUITsOrange Festival in ManipurIn Manipur, the orange festival–cum-craft exhibition is held every year. It provides an opportunity for the orange growers and farmers to put up stalls of different varieties of oranges before their potential buyers.

strawberry Festival in PanchganiPanchgani (Maharashtra) is also called the city of strawberry. MAPrO organizes a four-day fruit festival encouraging overall fruit consumption and boosting tourism in Mahabaleshwar. MAPrO gardens offers strawberries that you can eat to your heart’s content!

FRUITY INDICATORsa geographical indication (gI) is a name or sign used on products including naturally occurring fruits which is specific to a region or location. some are listed below:• CoorgOrange–Karnataka• GirKesarMango-Gujarat• MahabaleshwarStrawberry

- Maharashtra• VazahakulamPineapple–

Kerala • SirumalaiHillBanana-Tamil

Nadu • EatchomozhyTallCoconut–TamilNaduThere are many more fruits which are specific to regions in India.

DRY FRUITsDry fruits have a long history of food safety. Dry fruits are actually a dried form of fresh fruits. They are a rich in minerals and proteins. They provide stamina and are great source of energy and fibre. let’s read about the health benefits of some of the dry fruits mentioned below:

Prunes are dried plums. They contain lot of fibre and are used as a laxative. They help in strengthening the brain and the nervous system.

Walnut helps improving brain health and support in type-2 diabetes. It is also good for skin.

almonds are rich in iron, copper, phosphorous and Vitamin B1. They are helpful in strengthening of brain cells.

raisins are dried grapes and are high in sugar content. They are beneficial in wasting diseases.Jasmine Kaur, IX-A, Sri Guru Harkishan Public School, Amritsar; G.R. Sangavi, VII-B, Angappa Educational Trust, Sr. Sec. School, Coimbatore

Summer winter and the rain

A new fruit a day is what I gain!!

Illustration by: Harshini, VII B, Meridian School for Boys and Girls

Banana and papaya are grown through the year.

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iNtErEstiNG iNDiGENEous Fruits

KerKer is consumed by the people of rajasthan. It is green in colour and sour to taste. upon ripening, it turns red. It is often used in making pickles upon drying. Birds are also attracted to the fruit of this tree.

Falsafalsa or phalsa belongs to the berry family and is often mistaken as the blueberry. It is native to south Asia. It is used to make juices, syrups and sharbat to fight heat. The fruit tastes a little acidic and sometimes sweet.Disha Pruthi, VII A, Delhi Public School, Sec 45, Gurgaon

HisaluHisalu is a yellow coloured small fruit found in the regions of garhwal and Kumaon in uttarakhand. It is sweet to taste. The fruit perishes soon after plucking so it should be consumed at the earliest. Kirti Rana, IX, Raksha Anusandhan Vidyalaya, Dehradun

Kaaphal

Kaaphal is found throughout the mid-Himalayan region. The fruit looks like the deep coloured raspberry. It is little acidic even when ripe.

Ramphalramphal fruit is associated with lord rama. when lord rama went to exile there was no food to eat in the forest. There were only fruits and the first fruit that lord rama ate was the ramphal, thus the name.

Yasho So Jaknaik, VII, S.R. Chandak English High School, Solapur; Raman Bharti, VIII, Raksha Anusandhan Vidyalaya, Dehradun; Abhinav Tomar, VIII E, Scholars Home Sr. Sec. School, Dehradun

JackfruitJackfruit is a native of southwest India. It is starchy and fibrous. ripe jackfruit is naturally sweet. In a single year, the jackfruit tree can bear as many as 250 fruits and each fruit can be about 80 pounds.Sahithi Josyula, IX-G, Bharatiya Vidya Bhawan’s Public School, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad and Ankita, VII –E, Delhi Public School, Sec 45, Gurgaon

Ambarellaambarella fruit grows abundantly in the soils of sri lanka and in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka in south India. It grows in a humid tropical climate. It is sour to taste with a distinct crunchy bite. Its smells like pineapple. It is a good source of Vitamin C.Sheryl Anna Biju, VIII, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan’s Atmakuri Rama Rao School, Hyderabad

KarondaKaronda has its origin near the Himalayas. It is sour to taste. In its ripest stage, it becomes a bit sweeter. It is a rich source of Vitamin C. It is used in making pickles, chutneys, preserves, jelly and syrup.Srinaini, IX-G, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan’s Atmakuri Rama Rao School, Hyderabad

KimbKimb is a citrus fruit found in Jammu and Kashmir. It is similar to the lemon. It is consumed by cutting it into pieces and to this is added spices and salt and is best relished on a sunny winter day. Gaurik Khullar, V G, Heritage School, Jammu

DID YOU KNOW?

The plums were the first ever

fruits cultivated by humans.

Even though fruits like mangoes and bananas are popular, but it is the unique indigeneous fruits that hold a special place in India.

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iNtErEstiNG iNDiGENEous Fruits NoniNoni or the Indian mulberry is mentioned in the Ayurveda. Noni helps in internal cleansing of stomach. M.Y. Mohammed Jaffer, XI , Alpha English Hr. Sec. School, Puducherry

Ice AppleIce apple also known as Thaatinungu in Kannada and Nungu in Tamil and Telugu, this delicious and juicy fruit has translucent jelly and gives cooling effect and balance of minerals and sugar to the body during summers. Palm sugar derived from ice apple is called taal in Bangla, and it is popular in making sweets.M. Akash, XI , Alpha English Hr. Sec. School, Puducherry

sharifaSharifa or custard apple has a very sweet and delicate flesh. In India it grows in Assam, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, rajasthan, uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Tamil Nadu. It is believed that Portuguese brought the fruit from the New world in circa 1590. It is available during the months from september to February.

shahtootShahtoot is derived from a Farsi word “shah” meaning emperor and “toot” meaning berry, known as King’s berries. It starts sprouting in the month of April and comes in the market towards May. Two types of shahtoot are available in North India: morus alba (white) and morus australis (purple).

sohphohSohphoh or crab apple is a wild fruit grown exclusively in Meghalaya in Northeast India. It is a popular fruit among the Khasi tribe.

Khasi Mandarin The Khasi Mandarin is different from the rest of the varieties. Its skin is extremely smooth and thin and has sweet-sour juicy pulp. There is also another species called Citrus Indica locally known as Memang Narang, or the wild Orange.

Nemu TengaNemu Tenga (Kaji Nemu) or the assam lemon is one of the most important fruits of Assam and other parts of northeast India.

Did YOU KNOW?Not all Oranges are Oranges !

The apple you are eating might be a year old!Pineapple is a cluster of berries!

One pomegranate can hold more than 1,000 seeds!G.R. Sangavi, VII-B, Angappa Educational Trust,

Sr. Sec. School, Coimbatore

Activity

FRUITs IN MY LANGUAGE

Name these five fruits in your local language

Banana eg. केळी (Marathi) ______________________

Mango eg. மாங்கனி (Tamil)

______________________

guava eg. পেয়ারা (Bangla)

______________________

Custard apple eg. સીતાફળ (gujarati)

______________________

Coconut eg. ਨਾਰੀਅਲ (Punjabi)

______________________

Illustration by: Prerna Dadlani, IX A, All Saints

Sr. Sec. School, Ajmer

Background Illustration by: Himanshi Dua, IX B, Sec 18, Huda, Jagadhri, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana

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MaHaraJa MaNGo

AlphonsoAlphonso mango is known for its sweet flavor. It is cultivated in Maharashtra, Karnataka, gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh. It is named after Alfonso de Albuquerque, a Portuguese general.

BanganapalliBanganapalli are grown in regions of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Tamil Nadu. It is named after Banganapalle town in Andhra Pradesh, India.

ChausaChausa is one the sweetest mangoes grown in North Indian regions of Bihar, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, rajasthan, and uttar Pradesh.

Dussehri (Malihabadi)Malihabadi mango of uttar Pradesh, or the famous Dussehri is sweet and musky. It is a medium-sized mango known for its long shape and these mangoes are fibreless.

KesarKesar is a golden coloured variety of mango with juicy pulp. It is also known for its “saffron” fragrance. It is mainly grown in gujarat and Maharashtra.

LangraThe most popular North Indian variety of mango is the langra. It is cultivated mainly in Northern India in states of uttar Pradesh and Bihar.

TotapuriTotapuri is grown in parts of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. The name is derived from the resemblance to the parrot’s beak with the tip of the fruit.

Mango is the national fruit of India. The name mango is derived from Tamil word ‘mankaes’ or ‘man-yay’. When the Portuguese traders settled in western India, it was called as ‘manga’. Mango plays a sacred role in India.

Hanan Mohammed Faizal, VII-A, K.T.C.T.E.M.H.S. School, Pattom, Trivandrum

India has nearly 1000 varieties of mangoes. Some of the popular ones are:

HimsagarHimsagar is generally considered to be the best kind of mango for desserts and drinks. it is grown in west Bengal and Bihar.

Kishan Bhogwest Bengal’s Murshidabad district is known for growing the Kishan Bhog variety of mango.

The famous Indian poet Kalidas made several references to the fruit, its trees and leaves in his literary works. It is said that Alexander the great and Chinese pilgrim Hieun Tsang, indulged in the richness of mangoes. Mughal emperor Akbar is supposed to have planted one lakh mango trees in Darbhanga district of Bihar. This mango orchard is known as lakhi Bagh.

THE MANGO MAN OF INDIAHaji Kalimullah from Malihabad, uttar Pradesh, is known as the ‘Mango Man of India.’ He has developed many varieties of mango in his garden. He has named many of them after celebrities like Aishwarya rai and sachin Tendulkar. The NaMo Aam, named after our Prime Minister, is the latest addition to the list! He was recently awarded the Padma shri for his rare technique of growing more than 300 varieties of mangoes of different shapes, sizes and hues on one tree! Mohammad Aqib Khan, 197 Kuberpur Kaimganj Farrukhabad Uttar Pradesh – 209502

DID YOU KNOW ?

Background Illustration by: Janmeyjay, VIA, Bridgeford School, Ranchi

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VOl. 12 No. 4

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VOl. 13 No. 2

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

across2. A particular type of wine is savoured from this fruit

during the Holy Communion. 4. Known as _________, coconut is considered as a symbol

of auspicious beginnings.9. According to the Bible, eve gave this fruit to Adam to eat

after which both were sent to the earth. 10. One of the favourite fruits Babur loved to eat during the

Indian summers.12. This fruit was introduced in India by the British.14. It is considered as the poor man’s apple.15. During the rituals of Durga Puja, this tree symbolizes

lord ganesha’s wife.

1

2 3

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15

FiND tHE Fruit

O – Overall Best

R – Round in Shape

A - Attractive

N – Nutritious

G – Good for Health

E – Energetic Srika S, VII, Sri Seshaas International Public School, Salem

sCIENTIFIC NAMEs given below are the scientific names of fruits. Find out the common names.

Scientific Name Common Name

1 Malus Domestica

2 Musa Balbisiana

3 Mangifera Indica

4 Citrus sinensis

5 Punica granatum

6 Pyrus Comunis

7 Prunus Persica

down1. This super fruit has been mentioned in the Ayurveda

for its healing purposes. 3. Portuguese introduced this citrus fruit when they

travelled to India in the 17th century. 5. In the northeast, there is a four-day festival in its

honour in month of December every year. 6. This fruit tree was a common motif used in Harappan

painted pottery. 7. Its leaves are offered to lord shiva especially on the

occasion of shivaratri.8. It is the favourite fruit of parakeets. 11. It is called the ‘King of Fruits’. 13. According to the Mahabharata, it is considered to be

a cosmic tree located to the south of Mount Meru.

Here’s my favourite…

The coconut!

Illustration by: Masirah Nishaat, VIII E, Bridgeford School, RanchiBackground Illustration by: G R Sangavi, VII B, Angappa Educational Trust, Sr. Sec. School, Coimbatore

Answers: 1. Apple, 2. Banana, 3. Mango, 4. Orange, 5. Pomegranate, 6. Pear, 7. Peach

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

FasCiNatiNG FruitsVOl. 12 No. 3

MY TRIP

CREATIvE CINQUAINwrite a poem on your favorite fruit in a different

style known as cinquain. It is a five line poem and follows the format as the one on the Mango

below.

give it an interesting title(MAHArAJA MANgO)

MangoMajestic Delicious

Plucking squeezing eatingCherish love enjoy Admire

King

One word topic

Two adjectives

Three verbs

Four ‘feeling’ words

One word summary

Varun Agarwal, Xth, Bharatiya Vidya Bhawan’s Public School, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad

FUNNY FRUIT FEsT let’s have fun!

which fruit do you think you resemble? give three reasons. let’s have a laughing session !!

let’s also try and make a fruit cap, fruit dress using fruits made of recycled paper.

Also we may display as many unqiue fruits that are now available in the market.

Finally have a healthy fruit chaat session in class or your heritage club.

AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF

MY FAvOURITE FRUIT

For exampleI am Jamun. My tree also gives shade to travellers. Complete the story into your own words and give it a nice heading…

FRUIT CHAAT IngredientsApple - 1, large, cubed; Banana - 1, sliced; grapes - 1/4 cup, seedless or de-seed; watermelon - 1 1/2 cups, cubes or Papaya; Pomegranate - 1/4 cup (optional); Orange - 1 cup, segments; Pineapple - 1 cup, cubes; Black salt - 1/2 tsp; roasted cumin powder - 1/2 tsp; Chaat masala powder - 1/2 tsp; Black pepper powder - 1/4 tsp (freshly ground)

MethodPlace all the cut fruits in a bowl. sprinkle black pepper powder, roasted cumin powder, black salt and chaat masala and toss them well. wrap cling film over the fruit bowl and chill in the refrigerator for 2-3 hours before serving. serve the chilled fruits in serving bowls.

Illustration by: Apoorva Sinha, VIII A, D.A.V. Public School, Sec-14, Faridabad

Illustration by: Kanika Varandani, VIII A, All Saints Sr. Sec. School, Ajmer

VOl. 13 No. 2

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aCtiVitY 4 u

INTERvIEW WITH A FRUIT FARMERYour Name ____________________ Class ________

school ____________________________________

Date ___________________

Name ____________________________________

1. How old were you when you started fruit farming?

2. How many people in your family help you in your work?

3. How many varieties of fruits do you grow?

4. Do you use any kind of pesticides to keep your fruits safe?

5. where do you go to sell your fruits? Do you sell directly in the market or go to the middleman?

6. Does cultivation of fruits provide for your family? If not, what alternative source of income do you have?

OvER TO THE ORANGE ORCHARDI recently visited my father’s aunt’s orange orchard. My father’s aunt follows a mixed farming technique planting cotton along with oranges. This helps in better utilization of land. The orchard is situated in Bhopapur near Nagpur. Nagpur is famous for its sweet oranges. Orange is my favorite fruit. I and my brother enjoyed plucking oranges in the orchard. Sravishta Damre, VII A, Shreyas Foundation, Ahmedabad

TALK TO A FRUIT sELLERThere are number of problems faced by fruit sellers and orchard farmers today. Talk to a fruit seller and write about the changes he has seen over the years of his selling fruits. You could keep the following pointers for your ready reference

1. How have fruit eating habits changed through the years?

2. Has the quality of fruits improved or degraded?3. How are fruits transported to the big cities?4. Are chemicals used to improve the taste, size

and appearance of fruits?5. Is it profitable for you?6. what do you think are your main problems? Mansi Nimawat, IX-B, Subodh Public School, Sanganer, Jaipur Nibedita Ghosh, VI-A, D.A.V. Model School, IIT Kharagpur

UsEs OF FRUITs • Apples help our body develop resistance

against infections • Orange helps maintain great skin and vision • Bananas are great for athletes because they

give energy • Cherries help calm our nervous system• Watermelon helps control our heart rateJ. Naseer Hussain, IX, Alpha English Hr. Sec. School, Puducherry

My Mango Trip!

Nibedita Ghosh, VI A, D.A.V. Model School, IIT Kharagpur

Did you Know?Pomology is science of growing and cultivating

fruits. It is also known as fruiticulture.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

1. Nitya Narang, Bhavan’s sl Public school, Amritsar

2. Jaanrigul Dhanjal, D.A.V. International school, Amritsar

3. Mril Caesar D’silva, global Indian International school, Ahmedabad

4. shreya gupta, gurunanak Khalsa Balika Inter College, Varanasi

5. Kabir Naik, sharada Mandir school, goa6. r. Prasanna ganesh, sri Divya Merkondaar

Matric school, Thanjavur7. Bollapragada Anjani sowmya, sri Prakash

Vidya Niketan, Visakhapatnam8. Jaivir gandhi, Modern school, Delhi 9. Matthew Jones. T., Father Anthony Matric. Hr.

sec. school, Thanjavur10. srishti, sri sathya sai Jagriti Vidya Mandir,

Yamunanagar11. Jasnoor ranauta, saupin’s school, Chandigarh 12. Arunima Deb, Navy Children school,

Visakhapatnam

13. Nishtha gupta, subodh Public school, Jaipur 14. N.s.s.M. sudarsana, Akshara school, Kakinada 15. Chinmay .D. Kanannavar, K.l.e school,

Dharwad 16. Bhumika Choudhary, s.s. Mody Vidya Vihar,

Jhunjhunu 17. shreya, Mukand lal Public school,

Yamunanagar 18. Adrija Chakraborty, summerfields school,

gurgaon 19. Tanishqa Mehra, g.D. goenka Public school,

New Delhi 20. sreyashi goloi, sunbeam school suncity,

Varanasi 21. esha Chadha, Army Public school, Bolarum,

secunderabad 22. Divya Mascarenhas, The King’s school, goa 23. Navya Bhayana, Hansraj Model school,

Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi24. Mehek Kataria, Vidya Mandir senior

secondary school, Chennai

25. ritwik singh, Hill Top school, Jamshedpur26. A. Murshitha seerin, Chennai High school,

Arumbakkam, Chennai27. Ayush sharma, lakshmipat singhania school,

rajasthan28. e. sathya Prakash, senthil Public school,

salem 29. Tulip roy, D.A.V. Centenary Public school,

Visakhapatnam30. Himanshu Kumar, Jusco school, Jamshedpur 31. A. remya rao, Chinmaya Vidyalaya (CBse),

Coimbatore32. Tushita P. Purohit, Bhavan's shri A.K. Doshi

Vidyalaya, Jamnagar33. Himanshi Dhiman, D.A.V. sr. sec. school,

Naraingarh, Ambala 34. Yashwi sharma, Dundlod Vidyapeeth,

Dundlod 35. P.M. Powrna, g.K.D. Mat. Hr. sec. school,

Coimbatore

BEsT HERITAGE CLUB sTUDENTs 2015

HEritaGE NEws

VOl. 12 No. 3

Best Heritage Clubs 1st Prize 1. global Indian International school,

Noida2. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan's Public

school, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad2nd Prize 1. Delhi school of excellence,

Hyderabad2. gurunanak Khalsa Balika Inter

College, gurubagh, Varanasi3. Delhi Public school, sector 45,

gurgaon3rd Prize 1. Modern High school for girls, Kolkata 2. sri Prakash Vidya Niketan,

Visakhapatnam3. sri sankara Vidhyashramam Mat. Hr

sec. school, Chennai 4. sunbeam school suncity , Varanasi 5. Hansraj Model school, Punjabi Bagh,

New Delhi6. Visakha Valley school, Visakhapatnam7. sri sankara sr. sec. school, Adyar,

Chennai8. st. Mark's sr. sec. Public school,

Meera Bagh, New Delhi

special Mention 1. g.K.D. Mat. Hr. sec. school,

Coimbatore2. Akshara school, Kakinada 3. D.A.V. International school , Amritsar 4. global Indian International school,

Chinchwad5. Bhavan’s s.l. Public school, Amritsar 6. Bluebells school International, Delhi 7. My school satya surabhi, Kodaikanal8. Meridian school For Boys and girls,

Hyderabad9. Army Public school, shankar Vihar,

Delhi 10. Navy Children school, Delhi11. Oxford Public school, gwalior12. ryan International school, sector 40,

gurgaon 13. step by step High school, Jaipur 14. Vidhya Peetham, salem15. Bhavan's shri A.K. Doshi Vidyalaya,

Jamnagar16. D.A.V. Centenary Public school,

Visakhapatnam17. global Indian International school,

Ahmedabad

New Achievers 1. Chandrakanthi Public school,

Coimbatore2. saupin’s school, Chandigarh 3. A.M.s. P.Obul reddy Public school,

Hyderabad4. Diamond Jubilee High school For

girls, Mumbai5. Hill Top school, Jamshedpur6. global Indian International school,

Indore7. Hindustani Covenant Church High

school & Junior College, solapur8. M.P.V.M. ganga gurukulam,

Allahabad9. TI Matriculation Higher secondary

school, Chennai10. sri Divya Merkondaar Matric school,

Thanjavur11. Motilal Nehru school, Jamshedpur 12. Vidya Mandir senior secondary

school, Chennai

WINNERs OF HERITAGE CLUB AWARDs - 2015

Congratulations to our Winners!

We welcome the new heritage clubs of Bhagalpur, gurgaon,

Jammu, and ambala

VOl. 13 No. 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

references1. B.C. Mazumdar, Minor Fruit Crops

of India: Tropical and sub-Tropical, Daya Publishing House, 2004, Delhi

2. Jules Janick, The Origins of Fruits, Fruit growing and Fruit Breeding, 2005

3. Naveen Patnaik, The garden of life, 1993

4. http://www.gardenguides.com/82843-history-fruits-vegetables.html

WHAT's NExT?PRIzE WINNERs

Do you have any ideas, comments or suggestions to make Young INTACH more interesting? we welcome any thoughts on what themes you would like us to select for the upcoming issues of Young INTACH.

Please write to:

Purnima dattHeritage education and Communication service (HeCs)Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH)71, lodi estate, New Delhi 110003Tel: (011) 24641304, 24645482, Fax: (011) 24611290email: hecsintach@gmail.com, website: www.youngintach.org

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July-september 2016Joys of JewelleryThe history of jewellery dates back to 5000 years. Indian jewellery was diverse and exquisite made of gems, gold, silver, beads, wood, shell etc. In about 100 words you could write on any one of the following:

• History of Indian jewellery andmyths andlegends of jewels

• Productionandbenefitsofgemstonesandmetals in India

• Typeofjewelleryfamousinyourstateorregion.

• Anyfavouritefamilyheirloomjewellerypiece(withaphotoofyourselfin that piece)

You may accompany your write-up with a sketch, painting or photograph.last date for entries: May 15, 2016

October-December 2016Story of India’s SciencesIndia has an ancient heritage of sciences. let’s look at the sciences and discover the scientific genius of our ancient astronomers, mathematicians and scientists. In about 100 words write on any one of the following:

• HeritageofastronomyandmathematicsofIndia

• Well-known scientists and their discoveries down history from yourregion

• Any interesting scientific fact behind rituals,customs and traditionsfrom your state

• Indigenousscientificknowledgeofcommunitiesrelatedtoday-to-daylife

You could also send us a sketch, painting (of Indian astronomers, scientists etc) or a photograph (of object or custom) along with your article.

last date for entries: August 15, 2016

To know more about INTACH, visit: www.intach.orgTo know more about HeCs projects and publications, visit: www.youngintach.org

We are grateful to the Ministry of Culture for supporting Young INTaCH, a quarterly heritage newsletter for and by children that has about 1.8 lakh readers and the number keeps on going higher with each issue.

CreditsPurnima Datt

research & Content development Chandni sengupta Illustrations Yatindra Kumar

Editing Bashobi Banerjee

acknowledgements Abhishek DasTeresa walter

design and Printing Colorcom Advertising

Circulation and Subscription Moby sara Zachariah

Supported by the Ministry of Culture, Government of India

Crossword AnswersAcross: 2. Grape 4. Sreephala 9. Apple 10. Watermelon 12. Pear 14. Ber 15. Banana; Down: 1. Amla, 3. Pineapple, 5. Orange, 6. Date palm, 7. Bael, 8. Guava, 11. Mango, 13. JamunVirtuous Fruits answers: 1. Fertility 2.Wisdom 3. Youthfulness 4. Pleasure 5. Good fortune

riddhi Seth, IX-g, D.A.V. International school, Amritsarrimjhim grover, VI-e, gwalior glory High school, gwaliorSneha Pandey, VII, Delhi Public school, Jabalpur Vedika Jain, VIIID, Mayo College girls’ school, AjmerEkam Singh, IV-A,Birla Vidya Niketan, Pushp Vihar, DelhiPriyanshu goel, IX-B, st. Marks sr. sec. Public school, Meera Baghd. Balaji reddy, IXB, Visakha Valley school, Visakhapatnamgobinath, VIII, sri Divya Merkondaar Matric school, Thanjavurr. abirami, Alpha english Hr. sec. school, Puducherrygargi K. Chauhan, VI, AMs P. Obul reddy Public school, HyderabadH. arshini Sai, Angappa, CBse sr. sechool, CoimbatoreVanshika Sharma, VIII-A, Bhatnagar International school, Vasant Kunj, New Delhianupama Chaudhary, X-A, suditi global Academy, etawahanushka Sharma, VII-B, Bhavan’s sl Public school, AmritsarKulsum Khan, VIII-g, greenwood sr. sec. school, rampurradhika Bansal, VIII B, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Pratapnagar, JaipurSakshi Sharma, IX e, subodh Public school, Jaipuraditya aryan, VIII A, ravi Praveen Baxla, VIII g, Kaustubh Sahey, VIII B, Masirah Nishaat, VIII e, Janmeyjay, VIA, Simran rani, VIII B Bridgeford school, ranchiayushi roy, IX F, Veda Vyasa D.A.V Public school, Vikas Puri, New DelhiPrachi, IX, sri sathya sai Jagriti Vidya Mandir, Darwa, YamunanagarHimanshi dhiman,VII, D.A.V. sr. sec. Public school, Naraingarh, HaryanaBidisha Mukherjee, VIC, apoorva Sinha, VIII A, D.A.V. Public school, sector 14, FaridabadSunaina, VIA, saupin’s school, ChandigarhHarshini, VII B, Meredian school for Boys and girls

Jasmine Kaur, IX-A, sri guru Harkishan Public school, Amritsar g.r. Sangavi, VII-B, Angappa educational Trust, sr. sec. school, Coimbatoredisha Pruthi, VII A, Delhi Public school, sec 45, gurgaonraman Bharti, VIII, Kirti rana, IX, raksha Anusandhan Vidyalaya, DehradunYasho SO Jaknaik, VII, s.r. Chandak english High school, solapurabhinav Tomar, VIII e, scholars Home sr. sec. school, DehradunSahithi Josyula, IX-g, Niharika. OT, IX-C, Vaishali Baheti, IXH, Varun agarwal, Xth, Bharatiya Vidya Bhawan’s Public school, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabadankita, VII –e, Delhi Public school, sec – 45, gurgaonSheryl anna Biju, VIII, Srinaini, IX-g, Jai Sekhar, VD, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan’s Atmakuri rama rao school, Hyderabadgaurik Khullar, V g, Heritage school, JammuM.Y. Mohammed Jaffer, XI , Alpha english Hr. sec. school, PuducherryHanan Mohammed faizal, VII-A, K.T.C.T.e.M.H.s. school, Pattom, TrivandrumMohammad aqib Khan, 197 Kuberpur Kaimganj Farrukhabad uttar PradeshSrika S, VII, sri seshaas International Public school, salemKanika Varandani, VIII A, Prerna dadlani, IX A, All saints sr sec school, AjmerMansi Nimawat, IX-B, subodh Public school, sanganer, Jaipur Nibedita ghosh, VI-A, D.A.V. Model school, IIT KharagpurJ. Naseer Hussain, IX, M. akash, XI ,Alpha english Hr. sec. school, PuducherrySravishta damre, VII, shreyas Foundation, AhmedabadSwapnil Nonitali, IX-C, Jaswant Modern sr. sec. school, Dehra Dundarshika Nandini, VIII A, Mudit agarwal, IX C, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan Vidyashram, Jaipurrania gomes, VIII, Fatima Convent High school, goaHimanshi dua, IX B, sec 18, Huda, Jagadhri, Yamuna Nagar, HaryanaSamridhi Pathak, VI A, Vishva Bharti Public school, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana

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