ACCA Paper F4 (Eng) Corporate and Business LawCourse slides

For exams in December 2008

Slide *Syllabus

AEssential elements of the legal systemBLaw of obligations (contract & tort)CEmployment lawDBusiness formation and constitutionECapital and the financing of companiesFManagement and administration of companiesGCompanies in difficulty or in crisisHGovernance and ethical issues

Slide *Examiner and exam formatExaminer: David Kelly

Exam format (ten compulsory questions)MarksQuestions 1 to 7Knowledge of law70Questions 8 to 10Application of legal principles30Total100

Slide *The June 2008 exam

Topics examined in the June 2008 examQuestion 1Sources of law: Common law and legislationQuestion 2Contract law: Offers and invitations to treatQuestion 3Tort: The standard of careQuestion 4Company law: Legal personalityQuestion 5Company law: Shares and debentures

Slide *The June 2008 exam

Topics examined in the June 2008 examQuestion 6Company law: Types of directorQuestion 7Employment law: Employed versus self-employedQuestion 8Contract law: Unsatisfactory performanceQuestion 9Partnership law: Partners liability for debtsQuestion 10Fraudulent behaviour: Insider dealing

Slide *The December 2007 exam

Topics examined in the December 2007 examQuestion 1English legal system: Criminal and civil lawQuestion 2Contract law: Privity of contract and intentionQuestion 3Tort: Remoteness of damageQuestion 4Company law: Memorandum of associationQuestion 5Company law: Dividend funding and breach of rules

Slide *The December 2007 exam

Topics examined in the December 2007 examQuestion 6Employment law: Constructive and unfair dismissalQuestion 7Company law: Auditors qualifications, powers, dutiesQuestion 8Contract law: Offer and acceptanceQuestion 9Insolvency: Rights of employees and finance providersQuestion 10Company law: Directors, agency law and authority

Slide *The BPP Learning Media classroom slidesWhat do these slides cover?A selection of key areas of the syllabusUsing the slides Use the slides as a point of referenceAdd detail by talking around the slides (eg using material from the corresponding Study Text chapter)Consider adding slides yourself to suit your courseRecommend students attempt appropriate questions from the Practice & Revision Kit

Chapter 1The English legal system

Slide *Types of lawCivil lawCriminal lawExamined 12/07

FeatureCivilCriminalAction?ClaimantProsecutionProofBalance of probsBeyond reasonableDecisionsLiable/Not liableGuilty/Not guiltyAimsCompensationPunishmentRemediesDamagesPrison/Fines

Slide *Court Structure (civil) House of LordsCourt of AppealHigh courtCounty court

Slide *Court Structure (criminal) House of LordsCourt of AppealCrown courtMagistrates

Slide *ProceduresTrack proceduresSummary & indictable offences

Slide *Alternative Dispute Resolution Tribunals statutory bodies

AdvantagesDisadvantagesTimeAppealsCostLack of public fundingInformalityLack of legal repsFlexibilityExpertisePrivacy

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 1You should now be able to attempt the following key question from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q2

Chapter 2 Sources of English law

Slide *Case Law CommonLawEquity

Slide *PrecedentStare decisisExamined 06/08

Slide *Precedent

AdvantagesDisadvantagesConsistencyIllogical distinctionsEfficiencyLimits Judges discretionFlexibilityBulk of law reportsPracticalityUnfair precedents

Slide *UK Statute Green paper and White paper

Examined 06/08

ProcessFirst readingSecond readingCommittee stageReport stageThird readingOther HouseRoyal assent

CategoriesPublic actsPrivate actsEnabling actsConsolidatingCodifying

Slide *Delegated legislationO in CSIsBye lawsProf Regs

AdvantagesDisadvantagesTimesavingAccountabilityExpertiseScrutinyFlexibilityBulk

Slide *Statutory Interpretation CanonsRulesIntrinsic aidsExtrinsic aids

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 2You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q3Q4Q8

Chapter 3 Human rights

Slide *Human Rights ActStatutory InterpretationCommon Law

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 3You should now be able to attempt the following key question from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q9

Chapter 4 Formation of contracts I

Slide *Offer Fisher v Bell Boots CasePartridge v CrittendenShare prospectusDefineInvitation to TreatExamined 06/08

Slide *Carlill Case

Slide *Termination of an offer TerminationRejectionCounter offer

Slide *Termination of an offer TerminationLapse of time

Slide *Termination of an offer TerminationRevocation

Slide *Acceptance Brogden v Metropolitan Railway Co Felthouse v Bindley DefineCommunicationExamined 12/07

Slide *Exceptions to communication Carlill CaseUnilateral acceptance

Slide *Exceptions to communication Postal RulesExamined 12/07

Chapter 5 Formation of contracts II

Slide * TypesDefinition of consideration Define

Slide *Consideration be sufficient but need not be adequate Thomas v Thomas

Slide *Consideration be sufficient but need not be adequate Insufficient

Slide *Consideration be sufficient but need not be adequate Insufficient

Slide *Intention to contract ExpressImpliedExamined 12/07

Slide *Doctrine of privity Dunlop v SelfridgeExceptionsExamined 12/07

Slide *Question practice end of Chapters 4 and 5Q10You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q11Q12Q14Q15Q18Q20Q21

Chapter 6Terms of contract

Slide *Express and implied terms ImpliedExpress

Slide *Terms RepresentationsTypes

Slide *Exclusion clauses 3 LayersBy signature - LEstrange v Graucob By notice:- Olley v Marlborough Court Hotel- Chapelton v Barry UDC - Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking Previous dealings - Spurling v BradshawIncorporation

Slide *Exclusion clauses3 LayersConstructionContra Proferentum Hollier v RamblerPhoto Productions v Securicor Transport

Slide *Exclusion clauses3 LayersUCTA 77Reasonableness per SOGA 79UTCCR 99ReasonableSt Albans Council v International Computers

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 6You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q23Q24Q25

Chapter 7Breach of contract

Slide *Breach of Contract BreachTypes of breach

Slide *Remoteness of damage BreachRemoteness of damageHadley v BaxendaleVictoria Laundry v Newman Industries

Slide *Measure of damages BreachMeasure of damagesExamined 06/08

Slide *Equitable remedies Warner Bros v NelsonRescissionInjunctionSpecific performanceExamined 06/08

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 7You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q26Q27Q28

Chapter 8The law of torts

Slide *Duty of care DefinitionDuty of care Donoghue v StevensonExamined 06/08

Slide *Breach of duty of care DefinitionBreach of duty of care

Slide *Causation DefinitionBarnett v ChelseaThe Wagon MoundCausationExamined 12/07

Slide *Defences DefinitionDefences

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 8You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q33Q34

Chapter 9Professional negligence

Slide *Professional negligenceProfessional negligenceHedley Byrne v HellerCaparo v Dickman

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 9You should now be able to attempt the following key question from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q35

Chapter 10Employment contract

Slide *Employment statusContract of employmentEmployment statusMersey Docks v CogginsCassidy v Ministry of HealthRMC v Ministry of PensionsExamined 06/08

Slide *Contract formation Contract of employmentContract formation

Slide *Contractual duties Contract of employmentContractual duties

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 10You should now be able to attempt the following key question from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q37

Chapter 11Dismissal and redundancy

Slide *Types of dismissal Dismissal and redundancyTypes of dismissalExamined 12/07

Slide *Redundancy Dismissal and redundancyRedundancy

Slide *Remedies Dismissal and redundancyRemedies

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 11You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q41Q43Q44

Chapter 12Agency law

Slide *Formation of agency AgencyFormation of agency

Slide *Authority of agents AgencyAuthorityExamined 12/07

Slide *Liability AgencyLiabilityExamined 12/07

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 12You should now be able to attempt the following key question from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q45

Chapter 13Organisations and legal personality

Slide *Standard partnership PartnershipsStandard partnershipExamined 06/08

Slide *Limited partnerships PartnershipsLimited partnerships

Slide *LLPsLimited liability partnerships Partnerships

Slide *Incorporation IncorporationRegistered companies

Slide *Legal personality Legal personalitySalomon v Salomon & CoExamined 06/08Registered companies

Slide *Lifting the veil Lifting the veilExamined 06/08Registered companies

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 13Q47You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q48Q52Q55

Chapter 14Company formation

Slide *Company formation FormationFormation

Slide *Company formation

DocumentDescriptionMemorandumHistoric recordArticles (if not model)ConstitutionApplication for regnName, address Stmt of pp officersDirectors, secretaryStmt of complianceStatutory decnStmt of capital & init shShare capital20Registration fee

Slide *Promoters FormationPromoters

Slide *Statutory books FormationStatutory books

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 14You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q59Q60

Chapter 15Constitution of a company

Slide *Resolutions& agreementsResolutions & agreementsConstitution

Slide *ArticlesConstitutionArticles

Slide *Binding powers Hickman v Kent Eley v Positive Life CoRayfield v Hands

Slide *Altering the articles ConstitutionArticlesGreenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 15You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q62Q63Q65

Chapter 16Share capital

Slide *Types of shares Share capitalTypes of shares Examined 06/08

Slide * IssuingsharesIssuing sharesShare capital

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 16You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q67Q68Q70

Chapter 17Borrowing and loan capital

Slide *Debentures Loan capitalDebenturesExamined 06/08

Slide *Differences Examined 12/07

FeatureSharesDebenturesStatusMemberCreditorVotingMay voteMay not voteReturnsDividendsInterestIssuedNo discountDiscounted/parRedemptionRestrictionsNo restrictionsSecurityNoneFixed/FloatingLiquidationRank lastRank first

Slide *Charges Loan capitalCharges

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 17You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q69Q76

Chapter 18Capital maintenance and dividend law

Slide *Capital Maintenance CAPM and DividendsCapital maintenance

Slide *Creditors bufferCompany Y Balance Sheet at 31/12/200X

Slide *Capital Maintenance and reductions CAPM and DividendsCapital maintenance

Slide *Share issues CAPM and DividendsShare issues

Slide *Dividends CAPM and DividendsDividendsExamined 12/07

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 18You should now be able to attempt the following key question from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q74

Chapter 19Company directors and other company officers

Slide *Company directors Company officersCompany directorsExamined 06/08

Slide *Directors general duties Directors dutiesGeneralduties

Slide *StatutorydutiesDirectors statutory duties Directors duties

Slide *Directors statutory duties Act within powers (constitution)Avoid conflicts of interestInterest in a transactionIndependent judgementPromote the success of the companyReasonable skill, care and diligenceBenefits from third parties

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Slide *Other officers Company officersCompany secretaryAuditorsExamined 12/07

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 19Q80You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q82Q83Q84Q85

Chapter 20Company meetings and resolutions

Slide *Meetings Meetings and ResolutionsMeetings

Slide *Key distinctions

FeatureAGMGMNotice2114FrequencyAnnualAs requiredCalled byDirectorsDirs/MembersBusinessRoutineExceptional

Slide *Meetings Meetings and ResolutionsMeetings

Slide *Resolutions Meetings and ResolutionsResolutions

Slide *Resolutions

FeatureOrdinarySpecialNotice14 days14 daysVotes>50%75%File ?Very few (shares)Yes allUsesAllot shares Approve dividends Appoint/remove DirectorsLiquidations Change articles Change company name

Slide *Written resolutions Meetings and ResolutionsResolutions

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 20You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q78Q79

Chapter 21Insolvency and administration

Slide *Voluntary liquidation InsolvencyVoluntary liquidation

Slide *Compulsory liquidation InsolvencyCompulsory liquidation

Slide *Compulsory liquidation InsolvencyCompulsory liquidationYenidje Tobacco Co LtdRe German Date Coffee CoEbrahimi v Westbourne Galleries

Slide *AdministrationAdministration Insolvency

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 21You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q91Q92Q93

Chapter 22Corporate governance

Slide *Emergence of corporate governanceCorporate governanceEmergence

Slide *Combined code Corporate governanceCombined codeExamined 12/07

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 22You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q94Q95

Chapter 23Fraudulent behaviour

Slide *Insider dealing Insider dealingExamined 06/08

Slide *Money laundering Money laundering

Slide *Other offences Other offences

Slide *Question practice end of Chapter 23You should now be able to attempt the following key questions from the BPP Learning Media Practice and Revision Kit.Q97Q99Q100