Student ID Data Set # Student ID Data Set # Student ID Data Set #1129308 839 1785816 807 1970676 8401293143 824 1803665 846 1971621 8681393768 815 1805962 804 1972034 8161422805 830 1807607 806 1976777 8001440144 844 1813839 853 1979565 8251451617 852 1823740 843 1988018 8091460311 811 1829813 8471487782 849 1833288 8361515721 851 1835141 8341536616 873 1838735 8381554850 826 1856302 8051588824 802 1858709 8481589388 823 1877054 8201622664 867 1883446 8221623527 817 1888768 8661626184 872 1890951 8131649437 837 1891429 8141657165 831 1893535 8281661680 855 1895470 8421667903 827 1901677 8571673963 841 1902395 8191702550 859 1912120 8641729564 861 1913329 8631735214 871 1915978 8181735215 835 1917525 8501741282 803 1927151 8011747715 854 1933709 8121751111 869 1937279 8291766364 858 1946020 8321779032 865 1950716 8601779905 870 1966426 8451780787 856 1968010 8101783640 833 1968024 8081785019 821 1968785 862

Use your student ID number and the list below to determine which of the following data sets you have been assigned for EXP 8 - Thermochemistry. You MUST use your assigned data set or your lab will not be graded.

DATA SET 800 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.6 mL 24.2 mL 21.0 mLMass of calorimeter 45.854 g 43.928 g 43.386 g Volume HCl 22.8 mL 20.4 mL 20.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 119.890 g 124.298 g 122.025 g Initial temperature solution 23.6 °C 23.0 °C 23.0 °CMass of lead Final temperature 40.0 °C 39.4 °C 39.4 °CInitial temperature lead 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 24.6 °C 24.4 °C 22.2 °C Mass of calorimeter 41.946 g 41.693 g 50.953 gFinal temperature 26.8 °C 26.4 °C 24.2 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 87.534 g 92.886 g 97.198 g

Initial temperature water 24.0 °C 22.2 °C 23.4 °CMass of calorimeter 50.820 g 44.876 g 40.163 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 95.847 g 99.670 g 104.528 gMass of calorimeter + water 73.673 g 72.361 g 62.221 g Final temperature 10.2 °C 11.2 °C 11.2 °Cmass of ammonium chloride 4.569 g 3.495 g 5.295 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 20.0 °C 24.2 °C 21.0 °C Part A = 0.128 J/g°CFinal temperature 9.6 °C 17.4 °C 9.8 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 801 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 22.8 mL 24.2 mL 22.0 mLMass of calorimeter 43.019 g 44.940 g 44.395 g Volume HCl 24.2 mL 25.4 mL 25.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 122.383 g 114.488 g 112.861 g Initial temperature solution 23.4 °C 25.6 °C 22.2 °CMass of tungsten Final temperature 41.0 °C 43.4 °C 37.8 °CInitial temperature tungsten 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 21.2 °C 24.6 °C 21.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 49.667 g 48.028 g 40.418 gFinal temperature 25.6 °C 29.6 °C 26.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 104.612 g 101.841 g 91.612 g

Initial temperature water 22.4 °C 21.2 °C 22.2 °CMass of calorimeter 46.236 g 48.989 g 50.465 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 112.246 g 110.313 g 99.187 gMass of calorimeter + water 75.031 g 78.196 g 75.543 g Final temperature 10.8 °C 8.4 °C 10.2 °Cmass of calcium chloride 5.988 g 5.822 g 5.124 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 20.0 °C 20.6 °C 21.6 °C Part A = 0.134 J/g°CFinal temperature 48.2 °C 49.6 °C 50.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

Part D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C)

Part B

Part C

Part D

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part C

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

lead

tungsten

81.516 g

170.688 g

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +14.7 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –82.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

DATA SET 802 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.4 mL 23.6 mL 25.6 mLMass of calorimeter 44.323 g 43.064 g 40.533 g Volume HCl 22.6 mL 25.8 mL 22.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 113.915 g 117.400 g 120.425 g Initial temperature solution 23.4 °C 22.2 °C 22.2 °CMass of tin Final temperature 39.0 °C 39.6 °C 38.0 °CInitial temperature tin 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 24.6 °C 23.6 °C 21.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 42.587 g 48.682 g 40.696 gFinal temperature 27.6 °C 26.2 °C 23.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 97.189 g 95.141 g 86.697 g

Initial temperature water 25.8 °C 21.2 °C 25.0 °CMass of calorimeter 46.559 g 47.018 g 44.261 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 103.992 g 102.575 g 95.079 gMass of calorimeter + water 72.353 g 72.360 g 68.873 g Final temperature 15.0 °C 9.2 °C 11.2 °Cmass of ammonium nitrate 3.193 g 5.570 g 5.234 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.4 °C 24.8 °C 22.6 °C Part A = 0.218 J/g°CFinal temperature 13.8 °C 11.4 °C 10.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 803 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.4 mL 24.2 mL 25.2 mLMass of calorimeter 41.306 g 50.191 g 43.416 g Volume HCl 23.4 mL 24.4 mL 24.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 117.756 g 113.060 g 112.164 g Initial temperature solution 21.2 °C 22.0 °C 24.8 °CMass of copper Final temperature 39.0 °C 38.8 °C 41.6 °CInitial temperature copper 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.8 °C 21.8 °C 20.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 45.543 g 43.114 g 46.763 gFinal temperature 26.0 °C 28.0 °C 25.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 101.211 g 98.182 g 101.696 g

Initial temperature water 22.4 °C 23.6 °C 23.2 °CMass of calorimeter 40.547 g 45.343 g 49.845 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 109.012 g 105.721 g 107.867 gMass of calorimeter + water 62.707 g 69.640 g 76.299 g Final temperature 11.4 °C 12.8 °C 14.2 °Cmass of cesium hydroxide 4.313 g 3.661 g 5.770 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 24.4 °C 21.8 °C 23.0 °C Part A = 0.385 J/g°CFinal temperature 41.4 °C 35.2 °C 42.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol Part D = 334 J/g

59.595 g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ccopper

69.558 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part C

Part D

Part B

tin

Part B = +25.7 kJ/molTheoretical values for data analysis

Part D = 334 J/g

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –71.6 kJ/mol

DATA SET 804 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.0 mL 20.4 mL 21.0 mLMass of calorimeter 44.335 g 42.629 g 46.254 g Volume HCl 22.6 mL 23.8 mL 20.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 107.968 g 112.588 g 119.270 g Initial temperature solution 23.6 °C 20.2 °C 20.0 °CMass of zinc Final temperature 39.2 °C 37.0 °C 37.6 °CInitial temperature zinc 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 21.4 °C 23.2 °C 25.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 46.555 g 41.788 g 50.889 gFinal temperature 26.2 °C 27.6 °C 29.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 93.021 g 95.704 g 102.810 g

Initial temperature water 24.6 °C 24.8 °C 22.6 °CMass of calorimeter 45.934 g 40.202 g 43.299 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 99.633 g 105.346 g 111.552 gMass of calorimeter + water 70.256 g 70.038 g 69.987 g Final temperature 13.0 °C 10.2 °C 9.8 °Cmass of potassium chlorate 5.607 g 5.267 g 4.773 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 22.6 °C 20.0 °C 22.2 °C Part A = 0.388 J/g°CFinal temperature 7.6 °C 8.0 °C 11.2 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 805 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.2 mL 23.6 mL 21.8 mLMass of calorimeter 48.359 g 45.712 g 50.036 g Volume HCl 25.6 mL 24.4 mL 24.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 113.688 g 123.422 g 125.857 g Initial temperature solution 25.8 °C 25.6 °C 21.8 °CMass of cobalt Final temperature 40.6 °C 43.2 °C 37.8 °CInitial temperature cobalt 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 22.0 °C 24.6 °C 20.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 44.415 g 47.277 g 48.205 gFinal temperature 27.8 °C 29.8 °C 25.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 90.307 g 98.335 g 97.118 g

Initial temperature water 25.6 °C 23.6 °C 23.8 °CMass of calorimeter 47.439 g 41.296 g 41.542 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 99.896 g 107.931 g 103.505 gMass of calorimeter + water 71.997 g 70.069 g 69.748 g Final temperature 9.0 °C 9.4 °C 13.0 °Cmass of lithium bromide 4.322 g 5.094 g 3.886 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 24.2 °C 20.4 °C 22.2 °C Part A = 0.421 J/g°CFinal temperature 41.6 °C 39.8 °C 36.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +42.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ccobalt

62.874 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –49.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Czinc

53.667 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

DATA SET 806 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 23.8 mL 24.6 mL 21.8 mLMass of calorimeter 50.852 g 40.118 g 44.677 g Volume HCl 22.6 mL 23.4 mL 24.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 127.515 g 119.516 g 110.972 g Initial temperature solution 25.2 °C 24.8 °C 22.8 °CMass of chromium Final temperature 42.6 °C 42.6 °C 38.6 °CInitial temperature chromium 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.6 °C 21.6 °C 23.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 47.735 g 47.725 g 44.141 gFinal temperature 31.0 °C 27.2 °C 29.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 95.218 g 97.901 g 98.706 g

Initial temperature water 21.6 °C 21.0 °C 22.4 °CMass of calorimeter 42.439 g 50.875 g 50.100 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 102.184 g 107.203 g 106.247 gMass of calorimeter + water 71.213 g 75.798 g 80.165 g Final temperature 9.8 °C 7.4 °C 11.0 °Cmass of potassium nitrate 4.174 g 3.593 g 3.405 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 20.2 °C 21.4 °C 23.0 °C Part A = 0.461 J/g°CFinal temperature 10.4 °C 12.0 °C 15.8 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 807 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 23.8 mL 24.2 mL 22.2 mLMass of calorimeter 45.137 g 48.405 g 42.148 g Volume HCl 24.0 mL 21.4 mL 23.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 116.642 g 109.558 g 120.105 g Initial temperature solution 21.8 °C 20.4 °C 24.6 °CMass of iron Final temperature 38.8 °C 37.4 °C 41.2 °CInitial temperature iron 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 24.4 °C 21.0 °C 25.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 44.004 g 49.937 g 43.226 gFinal temperature 30.6 °C 29.0 °C 30.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 95.642 g 104.210 g 96.603 g

Initial temperature water 25.4 °C 25.0 °C 21.8 °CMass of calorimeter 40.547 g 49.319 g 48.829 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 102.486 g 110.683 g 106.504 gMass of calorimeter + water 68.204 g 75.627 g 79.242 g Final temperature 14.8 °C 15.2 °C 7.2 °Cmass of lithium chloride 3.518 g 3.908 g 3.861 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 24.4 °C 21.2 °C 23.0 °C Part A = 0.461 J/g°CFinal temperature 44.0 °C 45.8 °C 45.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ciron

69.118 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –36.9 kJ/mol

chromium

58.213 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part C

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +34.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

Part D = 334 J/g

DATA SET 808 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 21.2 mL 21.6 mL 21.2 mLMass of calorimeter 46.142 g 42.269 g 46.116 g Volume HCl 20.6 mL 20.6 mL 24.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 113.390 g 114.183 g 126.422 g Initial temperature solution 22.2 °C 24.6 °C 21.2 °CMass of manganese Final temperature 39.8 °C 40.6 °C 38.2 °CInitial temperature manganese 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.4 °C 23.6 °C 25.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 45.055 g 48.401 g 41.206 gFinal temperature 27.4 °C 29.6 °C 30.2 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 90.692 g 102.263 g 90.169 g

Initial temperature water 21.8 °C 22.8 °C 23.4 °CMass of calorimeter 43.306 g 46.518 g 48.361 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 98.519 g 108.277 g 96.515 gMass of calorimeter + water 69.465 g 72.583 g 72.056 g Final temperature 8.2 °C 13.8 °C 13.4 °Cmass of potassium permanganate 5.281 g 5.048 g 5.727 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 25.8 °C 24.2 °C 21.8 °C Part A = 0.477 J/g°CFinal temperature 14.8 °C 14.4 °C 9.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 809 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.2 mL 24.8 mL 25.8 mLMass of calorimeter 43.676 g 43.037 g 43.476 g Volume HCl 21.8 mL 21.0 mL 25.2 mLMass of calorimeter + water 112.186 g 112.729 g 123.993 g Initial temperature solution 21.2 °C 24.6 °C 21.8 °CMass of nickel Final temperature 37.2 °C 40.0 °C 38.6 °CInitial temperature nickel 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 22.0 °C 22.6 °C 20.2 °C Mass of calorimeter 42.993 g 46.488 g 45.077 gFinal temperature 30.6 °C 30.8 °C 27.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 94.562 g 102.330 g 100.152 g

Initial temperature water 23.6 °C 24.6 °C 21.8 °CMass of calorimeter 46.080 g 48.585 g 45.667 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 103.567 g 109.899 g 109.215 gMass of calorimeter + water 75.078 g 74.613 g 71.307 g Final temperature 9.6 °C 13.8 °C 9.4 °Cmass of potassium hydroxide 4.152 g 5.573 g 5.347 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.2 °C 23.2 °C 24.6 °C Part A = 0.502 J/g°CFinal temperature 50.2 °C 62.2 °C 65.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol Part D = 334 J/g

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Cnickel

73.887 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –57.6 kJ/mol

Part B = +44.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

Part D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Cmanganese

62.724 g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Theoretical values for data analysis

DATA SET 810 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 25.8 mL 21.2 mL 25.8 mLMass of calorimeter 50.040 g 49.827 g 47.005 g Volume HCl 24.6 mL 20.2 mL 24.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 121.879 g 129.113 g 111.547 g Initial temperature solution 25.8 °C 20.8 °C 22.6 °CMass of titanium Final temperature 42.6 °C 38.4 °C 40.6 °CInitial temperature titanium 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 24.0 °C 23.2 °C 21.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 48.455 g 46.339 g 48.390 gFinal temperature 27.8 °C 27.2 °C 26.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 99.866 g 95.259 g 99.604 g

Initial temperature water 21.8 °C 23.8 °C 23.0 °CMass of calorimeter 45.317 g 43.881 g 48.154 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 107.296 g 104.695 g 106.354 gMass of calorimeter + water 74.655 g 69.856 g 73.679 g Final temperature 10.6 °C 8.4 °C 12.8 °Cmass of sodium nitrate 3.698 g 3.229 g 5.703 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.8 °C 24.0 °C 24.6 °C Part A = 0.544 J/g°CFinal temperature 17.8 °C 18.4 °C 14.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 811 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 23.2 mL 20.0 mL 20.4 mLMass of calorimeter 47.105 g 48.034 g 45.845 g Volume HCl 24.4 mL 21.8 mL 25.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 127.106 g 123.574 g 108.090 g Initial temperature solution 22.4 °C 23.6 °C 23.0 °CMass of aluminum Final temperature 40.2 °C 39.4 °C 37.8 °CInitial temperature aluminum 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.4 °C 22.2 °C 21.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 44.196 g 42.878 g 49.217 gFinal temperature 29.0 °C 26.4 °C 26.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 97.799 g 92.775 g 94.376 g

Initial temperature water 22.8 °C 23.2 °C 23.2 °CMass of calorimeter 48.759 g 43.497 g 41.576 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 103.988 g 100.057 g 102.684 gMass of calorimeter + water 78.774 g 69.550 g 69.562 g Final temperature 13.6 °C 12.0 °C 8.6 °Cmass of sodium hydroxide 5.562 g 4.780 g 4.369 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.4 °C 20.8 °C 20.4 °C Part A = 0.903 J/g°CFinal temperature 58.4 °C 59.0 °C 51.8 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

Part B

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctitanium

35.248 gPart D

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +20.4 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

20.776 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –44.3 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Caluminum

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

DATA SET 812 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 23.0 mL 21.0 mL 20.6 mLMass of calorimeter 42.222 g 49.009 g 45.199 g Volume HCl 20.6 mL 20.6 mL 22.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 109.013 g 110.575 g 115.734 g Initial temperature solution 22.0 °C 24.0 °C 20.4 °CMass of lead Final temperature 38.0 °C 41.6 °C 36.0 °CInitial temperature lead 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 21.0 °C 20.0 °C 21.2 °C Mass of calorimeter 49.938 g 40.361 g 45.246 gFinal temperature 23.4 °C 22.6 °C 23.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 97.838 g 92.981 g 96.585 g

Initial temperature water 21.8 °C 25.8 °C 21.4 °CMass of calorimeter 48.496 g 50.165 g 45.902 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 106.854 g 102.369 g 103.548 gMass of calorimeter + water 76.280 g 80.589 g 70.250 g Final temperature 8.0 °C 12.0 °C 10.4 °Cmass of ammonium chloride 4.697 g 4.925 g 3.881 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 25.4 °C 25.0 °C 23.8 °C Part A = 0.128 J/g°CFinal temperature 16.4 °C 16.0 °C 15.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 813 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.6 mL 24.8 mL 24.0 mLMass of calorimeter 41.218 g 40.648 g 42.284 g Volume HCl 20.2 mL 21.4 mL 21.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 110.470 g 105.077 g 119.773 g Initial temperature solution 25.2 °C 21.8 °C 24.8 °CMass of tungsten Final temperature 41.6 °C 37.4 °C 41.4 °CInitial temperature tungsten 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 23.2 °C 23.6 °C 20.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 49.450 g 44.390 g 41.654 gFinal temperature 27.6 °C 28.2 °C 24.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 101.073 g 89.725 g 86.764 g

Initial temperature water 25.8 °C 22.0 °C 22.4 °CMass of calorimeter 42.058 g 45.261 g 41.714 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 110.925 g 96.773 g 92.764 gMass of calorimeter + water 69.090 g 70.348 g 66.269 g Final temperature 10.2 °C 9.6 °C 12.2 °Cmass of calcium chloride 4.873 g 3.623 g 3.214 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 25.6 °C 23.0 °C 23.0 °C Part A = 0.134 J/g°CFinal temperature 51.4 °C 42.0 °C 39.8 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

Theoretical values for data analysis

141.519 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –82.9 kJ/mol

Part B = +14.7 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

Part D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctungsten

lead

83.028 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part C

DATA SET 814 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 22.0 mL 21.8 mL 21.2 mLMass of calorimeter 42.423 g 43.093 g 49.660 g Volume HCl 24.0 mL 23.2 mL 25.4 mLMass of calorimeter + water 108.538 g 109.723 g 109.756 g Initial temperature solution 20.6 °C 22.4 °C 25.4 °CMass of tin Final temperature 38.0 °C 38.8 °C 41.0 °CInitial temperature tin 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 23.6 °C 25.2 °C 23.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 40.538 g 43.618 g 49.493 gFinal temperature 26.6 °C 27.8 °C 26.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 93.884 g 92.404 g 94.656 g

Initial temperature water 21.2 °C 21.0 °C 21.2 °CMass of calorimeter 46.649 g 49.465 g 50.140 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 100.774 g 99.575 g 103.358 gMass of calorimeter + water 70.566 g 76.684 g 78.297 g Final temperature 10.6 °C 9.2 °C 7.2 °Cmass of ammonium nitrate 4.139 g 4.498 g 5.047 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 22.2 °C 23.2 °C 23.2 °C Part A = 0.218 J/g°CFinal temperature 12.4 °C 13.6 °C 12.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 815 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 21.4 mL 23.0 mL 25.0 mLMass of calorimeter 48.988 g 41.062 g 48.697 g Volume HCl 21.6 mL 20.6 mL 22.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 119.259 g 118.984 g 128.357 g Initial temperature solution 25.4 °C 23.0 °C 25.4 °CMass of copper Final temperature 42.0 °C 39.8 °C 42.2 °CInitial temperature copper 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 23.0 °C 24.2 °C 25.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 42.460 g 46.618 g 45.870 gFinal temperature 28.6 °C 29.6 °C 30.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 96.847 g 96.963 g 91.021 g

Initial temperature water 24.6 °C 22.0 °C 22.6 °CMass of calorimeter 41.930 g 47.227 g 50.501 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 106.128 g 106.564 g 98.433 gMass of calorimeter + water 65.319 g 72.188 g 74.056 g Final temperature 11.4 °C 7.8 °C 10.4 °Cmass of cesium hydroxide 5.481 g 4.381 g 5.752 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.2 °C 25.2 °C 23.2 °C Part A = 0.385 J/g°CFinal temperature 43.6 °C 39.8 °C 45.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part C

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +25.7 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

57.176 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctin

Part D = 334 J/g

70.703 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –71.6 kJ/mol

copper

DATA SET 816 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 23.0 mL 25.0 mL 24.4 mLMass of calorimeter 40.576 g 46.669 g 47.007 g Volume HCl 24.8 mL 24.0 mL 23.2 mLMass of calorimeter + water 104.293 g 109.343 g 125.835 g Initial temperature solution 24.0 °C 24.8 °C 22.4 °CMass of zinc Final temperature 40.2 °C 41.6 °C 40.2 °CInitial temperature zinc 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.8 °C 23.2 °C 23.4 °C Mass of calorimeter 41.334 g 44.950 g 41.958 gFinal temperature 25.4 °C 27.8 °C 27.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 91.977 g 92.453 g 91.321 g

Initial temperature water 22.6 °C 23.0 °C 22.2 °CMass of calorimeter 50.853 g 49.485 g 40.002 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 98.692 g 98.663 g 100.430 gMass of calorimeter + water 80.978 g 77.977 g 63.849 g Final temperature 11.6 °C 12.2 °C 7.8 °Cmass of potassium chlorate 5.081 g 4.078 g 3.443 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.2 °C 23.0 °C 25.8 °C Part A = 0.388 J/g°CFinal temperature 11.6 °C 13.4 °C 17.2 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 817 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.0 mL 24.2 mL 21.4 mLMass of calorimeter 47.146 g 45.575 g 50.529 g Volume HCl 25.6 mL 23.2 mL 24.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 125.210 g 122.629 g 125.130 g Initial temperature solution 23.8 °C 24.4 °C 24.0 °CMass of cobalt Final temperature 40.0 °C 41.0 °C 41.0 °CInitial temperature cobalt 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 21.4 °C 23.0 °C 25.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 47.736 g 46.874 g 49.807 gFinal temperature 27.2 °C 28.4 °C 30.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 99.583 g 91.959 g 98.973 g

Initial temperature water 21.6 °C 21.4 °C 22.2 °CMass of calorimeter 47.754 g 46.582 g 43.330 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 107.831 g 98.333 g 106.626 gMass of calorimeter + water 78.750 g 73.221 g 72.212 g Final temperature 8.8 °C 10.2 °C 10.4 °Cmass of lithium bromide 3.544 g 3.914 g 5.727 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.6 °C 23.0 °C 24.6 °C Part A = 0.421 J/g°CFinal temperature 36.4 °C 37.8 °C 46.2 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

67.079 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –49.1 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part B

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Czinc

51.925 gPart D

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +42.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ccobalt

Part D = 334 J/g

DATA SET 818 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.0 mL 23.4 mL 21.8 mLMass of calorimeter 43.710 g 40.201 g 45.874 g Volume HCl 25.0 mL 22.8 mL 20.4 mLMass of calorimeter + water 115.287 g 101.135 g 106.139 g Initial temperature solution 20.4 °C 24.6 °C 22.0 °CMass of chromium Final temperature 35.2 °C 41.2 °C 39.2 °CInitial temperature chromium 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 23.8 °C 23.8 °C 22.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 41.768 g 50.250 g 45.242 gFinal temperature 29.4 °C 29.6 °C 28.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 87.571 g 102.513 g 95.081 g

Initial temperature water 24.8 °C 24.8 °C 21.2 °CMass of calorimeter 50.187 g 44.295 g 42.538 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 94.648 g 112.245 g 101.419 gMass of calorimeter + water 79.757 g 72.920 g 65.190 g Final temperature 12.0 °C 9.8 °C 11.4 °Cmass of potassium nitrate 5.921 g 3.430 g 4.458 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.8 °C 22.6 °C 22.8 °C Part A = 0.461 J/g°CFinal temperature 10.2 °C 14.4 °C 11.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 819 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 25.0 mL 20.6 mL 24.6 mLMass of calorimeter 46.971 g 43.060 g 41.086 g Volume HCl 21.6 mL 24.0 mL 21.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 120.900 g 122.397 g 104.768 g Initial temperature solution 20.2 °C 25.2 °C 22.2 °CMass of iron Final temperature 36.8 °C 41.8 °C 37.6 °CInitial temperature iron 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.4 °C 25.4 °C 20.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 49.405 g 50.280 g 41.677 gFinal temperature 31.6 °C 30.6 °C 27.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 98.888 g 99.248 g 87.741 g

Initial temperature water 22.0 °C 21.6 °C 22.0 °CMass of calorimeter 46.871 g 42.320 g 50.657 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 105.089 g 106.733 g 95.731 gMass of calorimeter + water 76.919 g 72.512 g 81.554 g Final temperature 11.6 °C 10.2 °C 9.0 °Cmass of lithium chloride 3.844 g 3.139 g 5.546 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 20.2 °C 22.8 °C 24.2 °C Part A = 0.461 J/g°CFinal temperature 41.6 °C 40.6 °C 53.2 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

65.581 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –36.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ciron

Part D = 334 J/g

chromium

55.175 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part C

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +34.9 kJ/mol

DATA SET 820 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 23.4 mL 22.8 mL 21.8 mLMass of calorimeter 40.087 g 41.283 g 44.788 g Volume HCl 25.8 mL 22.6 mL 23.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 104.043 g 114.179 g 116.110 g Initial temperature solution 22.4 °C 20.0 °C 20.0 °CMass of manganese Final temperature 38.8 °C 36.8 °C 35.8 °CInitial temperature manganese 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.0 °C 23.6 °C 20.4 °C Mass of calorimeter 43.917 g 47.221 g 45.683 gFinal temperature 31.4 °C 29.4 °C 26.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 93.846 g 95.785 g 91.889 g

Initial temperature water 21.0 °C 23.6 °C 22.0 °CMass of calorimeter 40.448 g 48.987 g 43.038 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 100.364 g 102.644 g 101.646 gMass of calorimeter + water 67.174 g 71.584 g 69.644 g Final temperature 10.4 °C 12.2 °C 6.8 °Cmass of potassium permanganate 4.443 g 5.063 g 5.592 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.2 °C 22.0 °C 22.0 °C Part A = 0.477 J/g°CFinal temperature 14.8 °C 10.2 °C 10.8 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 821 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 22.0 mL 22.4 mL 22.8 mLMass of calorimeter 45.340 g 43.810 g 44.258 g Volume HCl 22.8 mL 22.0 mL 20.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 106.469 g 110.106 g 117.643 g Initial temperature solution 22.0 °C 24.2 °C 23.6 °CMass of nickel Final temperature 39.4 °C 42.0 °C 40.4 °CInitial temperature nickel 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.8 °C 20.4 °C 24.2 °C Mass of calorimeter 46.115 g 41.949 g 48.307 gFinal temperature 30.6 °C 29.6 °C 32.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 97.404 g 90.840 g 95.039 g

Initial temperature water 21.2 °C 24.0 °C 24.6 °CMass of calorimeter 41.938 g 50.260 g 43.991 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 105.395 g 99.183 g 102.825 gMass of calorimeter + water 67.882 g 77.547 g 66.872 g Final temperature 8.8 °C 11.0 °C 11.0 °Cmass of potassium hydroxide 4.015 g 3.241 g 3.243 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 20.8 °C 21.2 °C 21.2 °C Part A = 0.502 J/g°CFinal temperature 50.8 °C 43.0 °C 47.8 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Cnickel

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +44.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

56.071 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Cmanganese

Part D = 334 J/g

77.042 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –57.6 kJ/mol

DATA SET 822 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.0 mL 20.2 mL 23.0 mLMass of calorimeter 42.657 g 50.814 g 43.630 g Volume HCl 22.6 mL 23.8 mL 20.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 113.391 g 117.167 g 116.614 g Initial temperature solution 21.4 °C 21.0 °C 25.8 °CMass of titanium Final temperature 38.0 °C 37.4 °C 41.4 °CInitial temperature titanium 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.4 °C 23.4 °C 25.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 42.378 g 44.415 g 43.983 gFinal temperature 25.2 °C 28.4 °C 30.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 93.740 g 93.798 g 89.155 g

Initial temperature water 24.8 °C 22.4 °C 25.2 °CMass of calorimeter 49.061 g 46.890 g 44.412 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 102.061 g 103.667 g 97.450 gMass of calorimeter + water 74.795 g 77.510 g 69.958 g Final temperature 12.2 °C 6.8 °C 11.4 °Cmass of sodium nitrate 3.410 g 5.296 g 3.393 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.0 °C 20.4 °C 20.4 °C Part A = 0.544 J/g°CFinal temperature 17.2 °C 12.8 °C 14.2 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 823 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.4 mL 21.2 mL 23.2 mLMass of calorimeter 42.065 g 42.155 g 46.029 g Volume HCl 24.4 mL 23.4 mL 25.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 103.185 g 105.182 g 125.295 g Initial temperature solution 20.4 °C 25.6 °C 22.4 °CMass of aluminum Final temperature 37.2 °C 42.8 °C 38.8 °CInitial temperature aluminum 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.0 °C 25.0 °C 21.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 42.194 g 40.419 g 45.483 gFinal temperature 24.6 °C 29.0 °C 24.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 92.591 g 95.377 g 95.791 g

Initial temperature water 24.4 °C 23.6 °C 21.8 °CMass of calorimeter 40.030 g 42.483 g 44.222 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 99.145 g 104.621 g 103.714 gMass of calorimeter + water 62.087 g 66.501 g 69.704 g Final temperature 13.6 °C 10.6 °C 10.0 °Cmass of sodium hydroxide 4.384 g 3.583 g 5.620 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.4 °C 23.0 °C 20.4 °C Part A = 0.903 J/g°CFinal temperature 58.6 °C 54.0 °C 67.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

20.354 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –44.3 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part B

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctitanium

38.934 gPart D

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +20.4 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Caluminum

DATA SET 824 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.2 mL 20.2 mL 22.0 mLMass of calorimeter 49.503 g 46.977 g 45.809 g Volume HCl 22.8 mL 25.0 mL 22.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 110.986 g 113.481 g 111.521 g Initial temperature solution 22.0 °C 24.4 °C 25.4 °CMass of lead Final temperature 39.4 °C 39.4 °C 42.0 °CInitial temperature lead 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 22.0 °C 22.4 °C 20.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 43.602 g 48.341 g 50.376 gFinal temperature 24.8 °C 24.8 °C 23.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 97.206 g 96.024 g 99.067 g

Initial temperature water 21.4 °C 23.6 °C 24.6 °CMass of calorimeter 43.335 g 43.989 g 47.032 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 105.246 g 103.796 g 106.439 gMass of calorimeter + water 70.457 g 70.409 g 73.706 g Final temperature 9.8 °C 10.4 °C 12.8 °Cmass of ammonium chloride 5.203 g 3.762 g 5.792 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 20.0 °C 25.6 °C 23.4 °C Part A = 0.128 J/g°CFinal temperature 10.6 °C 18.0 °C 12.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 825 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 25.2 mL 20.0 mL 22.8 mLMass of calorimeter 40.904 g 46.258 g 41.198 g Volume HCl 24.4 mL 23.4 mL 21.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 115.564 g 124.542 g 109.102 g Initial temperature solution 24.6 °C 21.4 °C 23.0 °CMass of tungsten Final temperature 42.8 °C 36.8 °C 40.2 °CInitial temperature tungsten 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.4 °C 21.8 °C 21.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 47.987 g 44.873 g 47.348 gFinal temperature 30.2 °C 26.6 °C 26.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 96.406 g 100.384 g 98.971 g

Initial temperature water 24.2 °C 24.8 °C 22.4 °CMass of calorimeter 43.110 g 40.609 g 48.432 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 105.629 g 106.545 g 107.149 gMass of calorimeter + water 66.891 g 65.385 g 72.783 g Final temperature 9.0 °C 15.8 °C 9.6 °Cmass of calcium chloride 5.620 g 5.019 g 5.274 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.8 °C 24.2 °C 25.2 °C Part A = 0.134 J/g°CFinal temperature 52.0 °C 52.8 °C 53.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

170.561 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –82.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctungsten

Part C

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +14.7 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

lead

81.464 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C)

DATA SET 826 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 21.4 mL 25.4 mL 21.6 mLMass of calorimeter 41.314 g 45.775 g 44.268 g Volume HCl 22.8 mL 24.4 mL 20.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 104.595 g 122.805 g 111.559 g Initial temperature solution 21.2 °C 22.8 °C 20.6 °CMass of tin Final temperature 38.4 °C 39.6 °C 37.2 °CInitial temperature tin 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 23.6 °C 23.2 °C 22.4 °C Mass of calorimeter 48.233 g 43.615 g 41.777 gFinal temperature 26.8 °C 25.6 °C 25.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 98.360 g 90.106 g 97.704 g

Initial temperature water 25.2 °C 23.8 °C 22.8 °CMass of calorimeter 42.973 g 44.189 g 45.363 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 107.794 g 97.475 g 105.659 gMass of calorimeter + water 67.963 g 70.620 g 67.768 g Final temperature 10.8 °C 11.6 °C 11.6 °Cmass of ammonium nitrate 3.490 g 4.212 g 5.350 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.2 °C 22.0 °C 20.2 °C Part A = 0.218 J/g°CFinal temperature 12.8 °C 12.0 °C 6.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 827 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.0 mL 20.0 mL 20.8 mLMass of calorimeter 41.627 g 40.709 g 41.779 g Volume HCl 25.4 mL 23.4 mL 24.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 105.216 g 118.490 g 106.475 g Initial temperature solution 22.0 °C 24.2 °C 23.6 °CMass of copper Final temperature 36.6 °C 39.6 °C 40.2 °CInitial temperature copper 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 23.2 °C 25.8 °C 22.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 47.003 g 42.961 g 44.136 gFinal temperature 29.2 °C 31.0 °C 29.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 100.626 g 91.216 g 96.598 g

Initial temperature water 23.2 °C 22.6 °C 21.2 °CMass of calorimeter 44.517 g 50.883 g 44.702 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 106.703 g 100.470 g 104.787 gMass of calorimeter + water 75.449 g 74.167 g 72.187 g Final temperature 13.6 °C 8.4 °C 9.2 °Cmass of cesium hydroxide 5.132 g 4.037 g 3.283 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 24.0 °C 25.6 °C 20.0 °C Part A = 0.385 J/g°CFinal temperature 38.4 °C 39.8 °C 30.2 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ccopper

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +25.7 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

58.072 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctin

Part D = 334 J/g

68.887 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –71.6 kJ/mol

DATA SET 828 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.8 mL 23.2 mL 21.6 mLMass of calorimeter 41.207 g 41.469 g 49.045 g Volume HCl 24.6 mL 25.6 mL 22.4 mLMass of calorimeter + water 120.999 g 113.868 g 127.005 g Initial temperature solution 22.6 °C 21.6 °C 23.6 °CMass of zinc Final temperature 39.2 °C 38.8 °C 40.0 °CInitial temperature zinc 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.8 °C 23.6 °C 21.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 40.883 g 44.550 g 48.042 gFinal temperature 25.2 °C 28.4 °C 26.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 87.490 g 100.252 g 102.592 g

Initial temperature water 24.4 °C 25.4 °C 23.8 °CMass of calorimeter 40.007 g 48.123 g 44.864 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 96.056 g 106.550 g 112.237 gMass of calorimeter + water 67.478 g 70.853 g 69.052 g Final temperature 9.8 °C 15.6 °C 10.4 °Cmass of potassium chlorate 5.698 g 5.253 g 3.619 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.2 °C 21.4 °C 21.6 °C Part A = 0.388 J/g°CFinal temperature 8.2 °C 7.6 °C 11.8 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 829 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 22.2 mL 24.6 mL 22.4 mLMass of calorimeter 40.027 g 46.552 g 46.125 g Volume HCl 24.0 mL 24.2 mL 21.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 100.229 g 123.809 g 117.579 g Initial temperature solution 20.2 °C 22.8 °C 21.8 °CMass of cobalt Final temperature 37.6 °C 39.6 °C 38.2 °CInitial temperature cobalt 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 23.8 °C 25.6 °C 20.2 °C Mass of calorimeter 45.537 g 50.441 g 44.036 gFinal temperature 31.0 °C 31.8 °C 26.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 93.535 g 97.688 g 93.059 g

Initial temperature water 24.4 °C 24.4 °C 25.4 °CMass of calorimeter 46.423 g 46.453 g 48.416 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 103.157 g 107.197 g 99.486 gMass of calorimeter + water 75.446 g 77.249 g 75.655 g Final temperature 9.4 °C 8.6 °C 14.2 °Cmass of lithium bromide 4.743 g 5.801 g 4.160 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 25.8 °C 25.0 °C 22.4 °C Part A = 0.421 J/g°CFinal temperature 43.8 °C 44.4 °C 37.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

73.954 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –49.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part B

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Czinc

61.242 gPart D

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +42.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ccobalt

DATA SET 830 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 23.2 mL 23.6 mL 21.4 mLMass of calorimeter 43.698 g 47.122 g 43.810 g Volume HCl 20.4 mL 25.0 mL 20.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 115.765 g 117.533 g 103.849 g Initial temperature solution 24.2 °C 25.2 °C 22.2 °CMass of chromium Final temperature 40.8 °C 43.0 °C 38.6 °CInitial temperature chromium 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.8 °C 24.2 °C 23.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 43.509 g 42.544 g 43.210 gFinal temperature 26.4 °C 29.6 °C 29.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 95.957 g 98.234 g 92.988 g

Initial temperature water 22.2 °C 25.2 °C 24.0 °CMass of calorimeter 40.280 g 43.313 g 47.428 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 103.579 g 104.870 g 100.147 gMass of calorimeter + water 63.622 g 70.738 g 74.617 g Final temperature 10.4 °C 15.4 °C 12.8 °Cmass of potassium nitrate 4.147 g 3.640 g 5.258 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 24.2 °C 22.0 °C 23.6 °C Part A = 0.461 J/g°CFinal temperature 12.8 °C 13.0 °C 11.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 831 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.8 mL 23.2 mL 23.8 mLMass of calorimeter 41.625 g 45.236 g 50.881 g Volume HCl 23.0 mL 23.4 mL 22.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 112.792 g 114.345 g 114.200 g Initial temperature solution 25.4 °C 25.6 °C 23.8 °CMass of iron Final temperature 41.8 °C 42.6 °C 40.4 °CInitial temperature iron 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.8 °C 22.0 °C 22.4 °C Mass of calorimeter 40.301 g 48.840 g 50.024 gFinal temperature 31.4 °C 28.6 °C 29.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 94.213 g 100.057 g 97.914 g

Initial temperature water 23.4 °C 23.8 °C 23.6 °CMass of calorimeter 47.109 g 40.750 g 44.912 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 100.541 g 107.393 g 107.875 gMass of calorimeter + water 77.274 g 69.966 g 69.135 g Final temperature 14.0 °C 12.0 °C 7.2 °Cmass of lithium chloride 4.498 g 3.021 g 5.202 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 22.0 °C 23.0 °C 23.2 °C Part A = 0.461 J/g°CFinal temperature 47.2 °C 40.6 °C 58.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

64.056 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –36.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ciron

Part C

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +34.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

chromium

58.345 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C)

DATA SET 832 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.0 mL 22.6 mL 20.2 mLMass of calorimeter 41.430 g 42.738 g 46.134 g Volume HCl 22.4 mL 24.2 mL 25.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 109.068 g 104.395 g 118.840 g Initial temperature solution 20.2 °C 22.6 °C 24.0 °CMass of manganese Final temperature 37.0 °C 40.0 °C 40.2 °CInitial temperature manganese 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.2 °C 22.8 °C 21.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 48.603 g 47.640 g 41.685 gFinal temperature 26.8 °C 30.6 °C 28.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 96.413 g 98.996 g 97.294 g

Initial temperature water 25.0 °C 23.6 °C 24.6 °CMass of calorimeter 44.097 g 43.910 g 43.983 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 106.009 g 106.041 g 104.146 gMass of calorimeter + water 74.855 g 68.430 g 68.434 g Final temperature 9.0 °C 12.8 °C 14.6 °Cmass of potassium permanganate 5.137 g 3.185 g 5.572 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.6 °C 20.6 °C 22.4 °C Part A = 0.477 J/g°CFinal temperature 12.4 °C 13.6 °C 10.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 833 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 21.6 mL 22.4 mL 24.6 mLMass of calorimeter 49.855 g 48.354 g 45.520 g Volume HCl 21.8 mL 22.4 mL 22.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 117.505 g 127.330 g 115.570 g Initial temperature solution 25.0 °C 23.0 °C 22.6 °CMass of nickel Final temperature 43.0 °C 39.6 °C 39.8 °CInitial temperature nickel 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 22.2 °C 21.6 °C 20.2 °C Mass of calorimeter 40.801 g 50.623 g 45.040 gFinal temperature 30.2 °C 28.2 °C 27.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 96.158 g 97.282 g 100.503 g

Initial temperature water 23.4 °C 25.4 °C 25.2 °CMass of calorimeter 49.924 g 45.861 g 50.249 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 103.880 g 105.857 g 110.458 gMass of calorimeter + water 76.751 g 74.210 g 78.615 g Final temperature 12.4 °C 11.6 °C 10.6 °Cmass of potassium hydroxide 5.846 g 5.555 g 5.048 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 20.2 °C 25.2 °C 24.2 °C Part A = 0.502 J/g°CFinal temperature 59.6 °C 64.6 °C 59.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Cnickel

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +44.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

64.934 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Cmanganese

Part D = 334 J/g

70.284 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –57.6 kJ/mol

DATA SET 834 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.6 mL 25.8 mL 21.2 mLMass of calorimeter 46.522 g 44.232 g 45.434 g Volume HCl 22.8 mL 23.0 mL 25.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 111.496 g 116.996 g 111.549 g Initial temperature solution 21.8 °C 22.2 °C 21.4 °CMass of titanium Final temperature 39.0 °C 39.2 °C 36.8 °CInitial temperature titanium 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 22.0 °C 20.0 °C 20.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 44.253 g 41.504 g 48.597 gFinal temperature 27.0 °C 24.6 °C 25.2 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 94.224 g 95.447 g 103.439 g

Initial temperature water 23.2 °C 24.4 °C 22.2 °CMass of calorimeter 47.804 g 47.041 g 44.981 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 103.829 g 101.519 g 111.275 gMass of calorimeter + water 76.489 g 77.403 g 69.348 g Final temperature 8.0 °C 15.2 °C 10.4 °Cmass of sodium nitrate 5.847 g 3.665 g 3.386 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.4 °C 22.8 °C 25.8 °C Part A = 0.544 J/g°CFinal temperature 12.6 °C 17.0 °C 19.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 835 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 25.0 mL 24.0 mL 20.2 mLMass of calorimeter 50.848 g 40.627 g 42.872 g Volume HCl 20.4 mL 25.4 mL 21.2 mLMass of calorimeter + water 122.494 g 119.942 g 117.658 g Initial temperature solution 21.0 °C 24.2 °C 23.2 °CMass of aluminum Final temperature 36.2 °C 41.8 °C 39.2 °CInitial temperature aluminum 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.6 °C 25.6 °C 25.2 °C Mass of calorimeter 43.574 g 40.909 g 46.689 gFinal temperature 29.8 °C 29.8 °C 29.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 97.746 g 95.838 g 100.910 g

Initial temperature water 21.8 °C 21.6 °C 22.8 °CMass of calorimeter 47.601 g 46.736 g 50.560 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 106.910 g 103.368 g 108.843 gMass of calorimeter + water 76.939 g 73.102 g 74.308 g Final temperature 9.0 °C 11.0 °C 10.8 °Cmass of sodium hydroxide 4.590 g 4.581 g 4.584 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.4 °C 21.0 °C 22.8 °C Part A = 0.903 J/g°CFinal temperature 55.4 °C 55.4 °C 62.8 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

23.381 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –44.3 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part B

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctitanium

36.739 gPart D

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +20.4 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Caluminum

DATA SET 836 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.6 mL 23.0 mL 21.2 mLMass of calorimeter 41.329 g 46.118 g 46.034 g Volume HCl 24.4 mL 22.4 mL 23.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 121.584 g 110.286 g 108.229 g Initial temperature solution 23.4 °C 21.0 °C 22.8 °CMass of lead Final temperature 41.6 °C 38.8 °C 38.8 °CInitial temperature lead 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 24.4 °C 24.6 °C 21.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 46.179 g 47.204 g 45.241 gFinal temperature 26.8 °C 27.6 °C 24.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 95.547 g 102.667 g 99.539 g

Initial temperature water 23.6 °C 25.6 °C 22.2 °CMass of calorimeter 46.298 g 42.074 g 43.149 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 101.585 g 112.396 g 106.236 gMass of calorimeter + water 73.938 g 69.491 g 65.404 g Final temperature 13.8 °C 11.8 °C 12.0 °Cmass of ammonium chloride 5.280 g 4.870 g 5.529 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 25.2 °C 23.4 °C 25.0 °C Part A = 0.128 J/g°CFinal temperature 14.8 °C 13.8 °C 12.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 837 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 23.2 mL 22.2 mL 20.0 mLMass of calorimeter 49.740 g 50.329 g 43.600 g Volume HCl 25.0 mL 25.2 mL 24.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 111.394 g 112.449 g 110.023 g Initial temperature solution 22.0 °C 22.0 °C 21.2 °CMass of tungsten Final temperature 39.6 °C 38.8 °C 36.2 °CInitial temperature tungsten 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 24.6 °C 25.2 °C 23.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 40.566 g 42.061 g 40.909 gFinal temperature 29.2 °C 29.8 °C 28.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 93.846 g 95.144 g 95.972 g

Initial temperature water 24.6 °C 25.0 °C 21.4 °CMass of calorimeter 46.052 g 41.620 g 49.767 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 100.872 g 102.775 g 104.960 gMass of calorimeter + water 76.998 g 64.563 g 73.837 g Final temperature 14.0 °C 13.6 °C 8.4 °Cmass of calcium chloride 3.781 g 4.848 g 3.026 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 25.2 °C 23.0 °C 20.8 °C Part A = 0.134 J/g°CFinal temperature 42.8 °C 51.8 °C 37.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

150.987 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –82.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctungsten

Part C

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +14.7 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

lead

94.420 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C)

DATA SET 838 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 21.4 mL 20.8 mL 21.0 mLMass of calorimeter 42.586 g 46.452 g 50.763 g Volume HCl 23.8 mL 21.2 mL 20.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 120.700 g 118.318 g 129.035 g Initial temperature solution 24.0 °C 24.8 °C 20.6 °CMass of tin Final temperature 39.8 °C 42.4 °C 37.8 °CInitial temperature tin 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 24.0 °C 23.6 °C 23.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 43.093 g 49.351 g 44.369 gFinal temperature 26.4 °C 26.0 °C 26.2 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 90.025 g 104.022 g 93.698 g

Initial temperature water 22.4 °C 21.0 °C 25.8 °CMass of calorimeter 40.502 g 46.623 g 43.461 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 99.739 g 110.884 g 99.705 gMass of calorimeter + water 65.266 g 75.170 g 69.380 g Final temperature 6.6 °C 10.6 °C 16.0 °Cmass of ammonium nitrate 3.586 g 5.508 g 5.518 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 24.0 °C 24.6 °C 23.6 °C Part A = 0.218 J/g°CFinal temperature 15.8 °C 13.4 °C 11.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 839 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.4 mL 21.2 mL 20.0 mLMass of calorimeter 47.028 g 41.611 g 45.562 g Volume HCl 24.8 mL 20.4 mL 25.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 107.096 g 111.119 g 110.080 g Initial temperature solution 22.4 °C 21.0 °C 21.4 °CMass of copper Final temperature 38.6 °C 37.4 °C 37.0 °CInitial temperature copper 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 21.8 °C 24.4 °C 25.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 48.326 g 49.213 g 46.161 gFinal temperature 29.4 °C 31.0 °C 32.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 104.254 g 97.736 g 94.616 g

Initial temperature water 23.2 °C 23.4 °C 23.0 °CMass of calorimeter 47.208 g 43.299 g 46.145 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 113.464 g 104.952 g 100.875 gMass of calorimeter + water 76.833 g 70.434 g 71.519 g Final temperature 10.6 °C 11.8 °C 12.4 °Cmass of cesium hydroxide 3.614 g 4.946 g 5.784 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.4 °C 25.2 °C 21.6 °C Part A = 0.385 J/g°CFinal temperature 34.6 °C 41.8 °C 42.2 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ccopper

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +25.7 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

54.597 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctin

Part D = 334 J/g

77.922 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –71.6 kJ/mol

DATA SET 840 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.0 mL 20.0 mL 20.2 mLMass of calorimeter 42.565 g 46.598 g 46.883 g Volume HCl 22.4 mL 21.2 mL 20.2 mLMass of calorimeter + water 117.429 g 108.113 g 117.827 g Initial temperature solution 22.6 °C 25.2 °C 25.8 °CMass of zinc Final temperature 38.4 °C 41.4 °C 43.6 °CInitial temperature zinc 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 23.6 °C 25.0 °C 25.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 50.615 g 40.106 g 42.390 gFinal temperature 27.4 °C 29.4 °C 30.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 104.571 g 95.952 g 97.849 g

Initial temperature water 23.2 °C 21.6 °C 25.6 °CMass of calorimeter 47.959 g 40.492 g 48.409 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 113.375 g 103.201 g 104.128 gMass of calorimeter + water 76.407 g 66.945 g 72.112 g Final temperature 10.6 °C 11.4 °C 16.2 °Cmass of potassium chlorate 5.216 g 5.495 g 5.884 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 22.4 °C 25.6 °C 20.2 °C Part A = 0.388 J/g°CFinal temperature 10.2 °C 12.8 °C 4.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 841 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 21.0 mL 23.2 mL 25.8 mLMass of calorimeter 41.128 g 46.626 g 43.663 g Volume HCl 20.0 mL 25.4 mL 25.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 104.964 g 113.136 g 121.002 g Initial temperature solution 24.6 °C 21.2 °C 24.2 °CMass of cobalt Final temperature 40.6 °C 38.8 °C 42.4 °CInitial temperature cobalt 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.8 °C 20.0 °C 21.2 °C Mass of calorimeter 42.472 g 43.663 g 41.413 gFinal temperature 28.0 °C 26.4 °C 26.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 90.911 g 93.598 g 88.672 g

Initial temperature water 24.8 °C 25.8 °C 24.4 °CMass of calorimeter 42.114 g 40.207 g 48.717 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 99.788 g 100.651 g 97.780 gMass of calorimeter + water 67.191 g 64.082 g 78.559 g Final temperature 10.0 °C 14.4 °C 9.8 °Cmass of lithium bromide 3.865 g 5.948 g 5.245 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 25.6 °C 21.6 °C 25.6 °C Part A = 0.421 J/g°CFinal temperature 40.8 °C 46.2 °C 43.8 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

68.129 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –49.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part B

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Czinc

50.028 gPart D

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +42.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ccobalt

DATA SET 842 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.0 mL 20.0 mL 22.6 mLMass of calorimeter 47.022 g 41.621 g 49.944 g Volume HCl 24.8 mL 25.2 mL 20.4 mLMass of calorimeter + water 108.862 g 116.192 g 125.281 g Initial temperature solution 25.2 °C 22.8 °C 23.0 °CMass of chromium Final temperature 43.2 °C 37.6 °C 40.0 °CInitial temperature chromium 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.6 °C 23.6 °C 25.2 °C Mass of calorimeter 47.264 g 44.487 g 48.746 gFinal temperature 31.6 °C 29.6 °C 30.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 96.723 g 95.547 g 98.720 g

Initial temperature water 25.2 °C 23.2 °C 23.0 °CMass of calorimeter 44.925 g 40.698 g 44.589 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 105.915 g 102.846 g 106.015 gMass of calorimeter + water 74.870 g 65.894 g 67.409 g Final temperature 10.2 °C 11.4 °C 11.0 °Cmass of potassium nitrate 4.004 g 5.403 g 4.990 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 24.6 °C 22.8 °C 20.6 °C Part A = 0.461 J/g°CFinal temperature 16.0 °C 9.6 °C 7.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 843 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 25.0 mL 22.6 mL 24.0 mLMass of calorimeter 47.031 g 41.821 g 44.807 g Volume HCl 20.0 mL 20.4 mL 24.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 124.305 g 106.299 g 116.764 g Initial temperature solution 21.8 °C 25.4 °C 20.2 °CMass of iron Final temperature 37.8 °C 42.2 °C 38.0 °CInitial temperature iron 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 24.2 °C 21.0 °C 23.4 °C Mass of calorimeter 50.303 g 42.141 g 42.602 gFinal temperature 29.6 °C 27.6 °C 29.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 103.203 g 93.969 g 92.349 g

Initial temperature water 23.8 °C 25.0 °C 23.6 °CMass of calorimeter 46.017 g 42.953 g 50.904 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 113.078 g 100.441 g 101.803 gMass of calorimeter + water 73.160 g 65.586 g 75.501 g Final temperature 8.8 °C 14.2 °C 8.6 °Cmass of lithium chloride 3.081 g 3.617 g 3.557 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.2 °C 22.6 °C 22.4 °C Part A = 0.461 J/g°CFinal temperature 42.0 °C 46.0 °C 46.2 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

62.082 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –36.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ciron

Part C

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +34.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

chromium

61.302 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C)

DATA SET 844 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 22.8 mL 21.4 mL 21.4 mLMass of calorimeter 47.682 g 48.222 g 41.432 g Volume HCl 25.4 mL 21.4 mL 22.4 mLMass of calorimeter + water 118.628 g 115.407 g 121.282 g Initial temperature solution 20.0 °C 24.0 °C 22.2 °CMass of manganese Final temperature 35.8 °C 40.6 °C 38.6 °CInitial temperature manganese 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 22.2 °C 21.4 °C 21.4 °C Mass of calorimeter 42.419 g 49.011 g 47.769 gFinal temperature 28.6 °C 27.4 °C 26.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 92.948 g 96.241 g 100.863 g

Initial temperature water 24.8 °C 23.4 °C 23.8 °CMass of calorimeter 42.414 g 41.430 g 40.069 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 100.038 g 102.924 g 108.323 gMass of calorimeter + water 68.616 g 65.680 g 66.039 g Final temperature 13.0 °C 12.4 °C 12.0 °Cmass of potassium permanganate 4.622 g 5.916 g 4.348 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.2 °C 23.8 °C 20.8 °C Part A = 0.477 J/g°CFinal temperature 12.2 °C 10.8 °C 12.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 845 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 23.4 mL 25.4 mL 24.4 mLMass of calorimeter 40.176 g 40.664 g 48.992 g Volume HCl 23.8 mL 23.8 mL 25.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 101.511 g 103.904 g 120.644 g Initial temperature solution 22.2 °C 20.8 °C 20.4 °CMass of nickel Final temperature 38.8 °C 37.0 °C 37.0 °CInitial temperature nickel 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.0 °C 21.0 °C 25.4 °C Mass of calorimeter 43.375 g 40.623 g 43.596 gFinal temperature 32.8 °C 28.4 °C 32.2 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 91.503 g 94.085 g 96.674 g

Initial temperature water 23.4 °C 23.6 °C 22.4 °CMass of calorimeter 43.374 g 45.143 g 49.838 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 99.101 g 100.707 g 103.105 gMass of calorimeter + water 66.270 g 71.287 g 77.015 g Final temperature 11.2 °C 13.8 °C 12.2 °Cmass of potassium hydroxide 3.962 g 5.224 g 5.421 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 20.0 °C 20.0 °C 21.6 °C Part A = 0.502 J/g°CFinal temperature 50.4 °C 59.4 °C 58.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Cnickel

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +44.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

59.963 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Cmanganese

Part D = 334 J/g

64.231 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –57.6 kJ/mol

DATA SET 846 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.0 mL 21.4 mL 20.8 mLMass of calorimeter 41.872 g 50.655 g 41.492 g Volume HCl 22.8 mL 24.6 mL 20.4 mLMass of calorimeter + water 102.350 g 119.816 g 114.653 g Initial temperature solution 22.4 °C 24.6 °C 23.0 °CMass of titanium Final temperature 40.0 °C 41.4 °C 40.8 °CInitial temperature titanium 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 22.4 °C 22.6 °C 24.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 49.186 g 40.712 g 50.657 gFinal temperature 27.0 °C 26.8 °C 28.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 104.018 g 86.788 g 101.240 g

Initial temperature water 25.8 °C 21.2 °C 22.4 °CMass of calorimeter 46.560 g 41.181 g 46.276 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 113.571 g 94.197 g 107.969 gMass of calorimeter + water 70.725 g 69.189 g 69.358 g Final temperature 12.0 °C 9.2 °C 11.4 °Cmass of sodium nitrate 3.508 g 3.343 g 5.138 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.4 °C 22.4 °C 22.0 °C Part A = 0.544 J/g°CFinal temperature 14.8 °C 16.8 °C 12.8 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 847 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 22.0 mL 24.8 mL 22.8 mLMass of calorimeter 41.684 g 49.784 g 46.948 g Volume HCl 21.2 mL 23.0 mL 21.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 105.767 g 124.610 g 117.716 g Initial temperature solution 22.4 °C 24.2 °C 25.6 °CMass of aluminum Final temperature 39.8 °C 40.6 °C 41.8 °CInitial temperature aluminum 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 21.4 °C 24.6 °C 20.4 °C Mass of calorimeter 50.308 g 42.002 g 44.501 gFinal temperature 25.8 °C 28.8 °C 25.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 106.301 g 87.404 g 90.378 g

Initial temperature water 24.8 °C 25.0 °C 23.4 °CMass of calorimeter 48.680 g 44.135 g 46.355 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 115.498 g 93.899 g 97.990 gMass of calorimeter + water 70.973 g 66.438 g 75.418 g Final temperature 12.0 °C 13.2 °C 10.8 °Cmass of sodium hydroxide 3.601 g 4.492 g 5.993 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 20.8 °C 21.8 °C 20.4 °C Part A = 0.903 J/g°CFinal temperature 53.0 °C 62.0 °C 64.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

21.441 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –44.3 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part B

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctitanium

35.222 gPart D

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +20.4 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Caluminum

DATA SET 848 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.8 mL 23.8 mL 23.6 mLMass of calorimeter 40.794 g 49.659 g 45.010 g Volume HCl 22.8 mL 20.4 mL 20.4 mLMass of calorimeter + water 108.195 g 122.015 g 114.832 g Initial temperature solution 23.2 °C 20.8 °C 25.6 °CMass of lead Final temperature 39.4 °C 37.2 °C 41.0 °CInitial temperature lead 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 22.0 °C 25.8 °C 25.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 49.447 g 50.632 g 49.274 gFinal temperature 24.4 °C 27.8 °C 28.2 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 103.891 g 99.021 g 99.171 g

Initial temperature water 21.6 °C 22.4 °C 21.4 °CMass of calorimeter 46.630 g 45.710 g 44.948 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 109.897 g 106.392 g 108.485 gMass of calorimeter + water 70.106 g 76.383 g 72.419 g Final temperature 13.0 °C 10.6 °C 7.0 °Cmass of ammonium chloride 4.669 g 3.804 g 4.014 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 20.6 °C 22.8 °C 22.2 °C Part A = 0.128 J/g°CFinal temperature 10.4 °C 16.0 °C 14.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 849 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 23.4 mL 20.4 mL 24.0 mLMass of calorimeter 48.685 g 42.510 g 46.767 g Volume HCl 25.0 mL 24.4 mL 21.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 125.613 g 103.225 g 123.549 g Initial temperature solution 23.8 °C 24.8 °C 20.2 °CMass of tungsten Final temperature 41.6 °C 40.2 °C 36.2 °CInitial temperature tungsten 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 23.0 °C 24.0 °C 25.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 41.646 g 45.484 g 45.402 gFinal temperature 27.4 °C 29.2 °C 30.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 93.834 g 100.892 g 100.583 g

Initial temperature water 24.2 °C 24.8 °C 24.0 °CMass of calorimeter 48.640 g 46.043 g 40.756 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 100.817 g 108.082 g 108.367 gMass of calorimeter + water 74.256 g 74.487 g 68.437 g Final temperature 13.4 °C 14.2 °C 12.0 °Cmass of calcium chloride 4.040 g 3.106 g 3.131 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 20.4 °C 25.6 °C 25.6 °C Part A = 0.134 J/g°CFinal temperature 41.4 °C 41.4 °C 40.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

168.658 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –82.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctungsten

Part C

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +14.7 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

lead

83.358 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C)

DATA SET 850 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 22.4 mL 22.2 mL 23.4 mLMass of calorimeter 40.393 g 45.668 g 49.762 g Volume HCl 23.8 mL 21.8 mL 25.2 mLMass of calorimeter + water 118.124 g 124.514 g 123.518 g Initial temperature solution 23.0 °C 21.2 °C 25.6 °CMass of tin Final temperature 40.4 °C 38.8 °C 42.8 °CInitial temperature tin 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.8 °C 24.4 °C 22.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 43.404 g 43.853 g 50.785 gFinal temperature 23.8 °C 27.0 °C 25.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 93.167 g 91.989 g 103.502 g

Initial temperature water 22.8 °C 24.4 °C 21.2 °CMass of calorimeter 40.928 g 48.162 g 46.847 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 103.064 g 99.981 g 109.630 gMass of calorimeter + water 68.934 g 73.408 g 73.642 g Final temperature 7.0 °C 11.6 °C 12.2 °Cmass of ammonium nitrate 4.987 g 5.480 g 5.467 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 25.4 °C 23.4 °C 24.4 °C Part A = 0.218 J/g°CFinal temperature 14.4 °C 11.0 °C 11.8 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 851 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.2 mL 21.6 mL 24.6 mLMass of calorimeter 50.292 g 45.100 g 41.215 g Volume HCl 22.2 mL 24.2 mL 21.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 128.103 g 108.447 g 106.293 g Initial temperature solution 21.4 °C 23.0 °C 22.2 °CMass of copper Final temperature 38.6 °C 38.8 °C 39.2 °CInitial temperature copper 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 22.8 °C 21.6 °C 24.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 43.662 g 49.514 g 42.689 gFinal temperature 28.6 °C 28.0 °C 30.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 93.839 g 102.701 g 97.390 g

Initial temperature water 21.4 °C 22.0 °C 22.8 °CMass of calorimeter 49.668 g 43.624 g 44.001 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 103.062 g 111.720 g 103.807 gMass of calorimeter + water 73.661 g 68.256 g 69.277 g Final temperature 7.8 °C 8.6 °C 12.8 °Cmass of cesium hydroxide 5.347 g 5.203 g 3.009 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 24.4 °C 23.8 °C 22.4 °C Part A = 0.385 J/g°CFinal temperature 44.4 °C 41.2 °C 33.2 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ccopper

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +25.7 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

63.559 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctin

Part D = 334 J/g

74.215 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –71.6 kJ/mol

DATA SET 852 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.8 mL 24.8 mL 20.2 mLMass of calorimeter 42.002 g 41.542 g 43.426 g Volume HCl 25.2 mL 25.6 mL 25.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 105.618 g 105.907 g 115.297 g Initial temperature solution 23.8 °C 24.8 °C 22.8 °CMass of zinc Final temperature 42.0 °C 41.6 °C 37.6 °CInitial temperature zinc 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 24.6 °C 22.8 °C 23.2 °C Mass of calorimeter 40.993 g 41.544 g 42.834 gFinal temperature 29.4 °C 28.2 °C 28.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 86.878 g 89.489 g 92.393 g

Initial temperature water 21.0 °C 22.0 °C 25.6 °CMass of calorimeter 44.797 g 47.911 g 49.020 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 92.959 g 96.298 g 102.384 gMass of calorimeter + water 70.987 g 75.270 g 71.039 g Final temperature 11.0 °C 11.0 °C 9.4 °Cmass of potassium chlorate 3.382 g 3.880 g 5.277 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 25.2 °C 20.8 °C 20.6 °C Part A = 0.388 J/g°CFinal temperature 17.2 °C 11.4 °C 5.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 853 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.8 mL 25.0 mL 20.8 mLMass of calorimeter 49.350 g 43.614 g 45.147 g Volume HCl 21.0 mL 23.8 mL 22.2 mLMass of calorimeter + water 121.796 g 108.099 g 121.110 g Initial temperature solution 24.6 °C 23.4 °C 25.4 °CMass of cobalt Final temperature 40.0 °C 41.2 °C 41.4 °CInitial temperature cobalt 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.4 °C 22.6 °C 22.4 °C Mass of calorimeter 42.292 g 44.143 g 44.457 gFinal temperature 26.2 °C 28.8 °C 28.2 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 90.746 g 90.937 g 96.933 g

Initial temperature water 23.0 °C 23.6 °C 21.0 °CMass of calorimeter 50.945 g 43.206 g 48.664 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 100.633 g 99.591 g 104.331 gMass of calorimeter + water 75.534 g 66.814 g 72.448 g Final temperature 7.2 °C 9.8 °C 9.6 °Cmass of lithium bromide 3.509 g 4.493 g 4.440 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.8 °C 23.0 °C 23.0 °C Part A = 0.421 J/g°CFinal temperature 36.8 °C 41.4 °C 41.2 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

66.638 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –49.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part B

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Czinc

56.528 gPart D

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +42.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ccobalt

DATA SET 854 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 22.8 mL 21.0 mL 22.6 mLMass of calorimeter 49.109 g 46.641 g 44.932 g Volume HCl 22.2 mL 25.8 mL 25.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 120.980 g 117.163 g 115.088 g Initial temperature solution 23.0 °C 24.2 °C 25.6 °CMass of chromium Final temperature 40.8 °C 40.4 °C 42.6 °CInitial temperature chromium 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.0 °C 22.8 °C 22.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 41.290 g 48.483 g 47.801 gFinal temperature 25.6 °C 28.4 °C 28.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 92.891 g 100.553 g 94.694 g

Initial temperature water 25.2 °C 22.2 °C 22.8 °CMass of calorimeter 40.229 g 44.578 g 42.613 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 102.476 g 108.605 g 104.079 gMass of calorimeter + water 66.888 g 67.425 g 70.518 g Final temperature 10.8 °C 9.8 °C 8.0 °Cmass of potassium nitrate 4.750 g 5.239 g 4.270 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 22.0 °C 21.4 °C 23.8 °C Part A = 0.461 J/g°CFinal temperature 10.2 °C 8.0 °C 13.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 855 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 21.0 mL 23.0 mL 24.6 mLMass of calorimeter 44.596 g 45.281 g 46.638 g Volume HCl 20.6 mL 24.0 mL 23.4 mLMass of calorimeter + water 117.474 g 123.505 g 125.325 g Initial temperature solution 21.0 °C 21.6 °C 24.2 °CMass of iron Final temperature 37.4 °C 38.2 °C 41.8 °CInitial temperature iron 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.2 °C 20.4 °C 23.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 46.103 g 48.872 g 42.856 gFinal temperature 31.8 °C 26.8 °C 29.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 93.428 g 100.226 g 96.509 g

Initial temperature water 25.8 °C 22.4 °C 25.4 °CMass of calorimeter 48.603 g 45.962 g 44.207 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 101.421 g 107.288 g 106.480 gMass of calorimeter + water 76.435 g 73.679 g 74.960 g Final temperature 12.8 °C 11.6 °C 10.2 °Cmass of lithium chloride 3.696 g 3.343 g 4.455 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.0 °C 23.8 °C 23.4 °C Part A = 0.461 J/g°CFinal temperature 45.4 °C 42.6 °C 46.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

66.944 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –36.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ciron

Part C

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +34.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

chromium

54.273 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C)

DATA SET 856 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 21.6 mL 22.4 mL 20.4 mLMass of calorimeter 50.041 g 46.639 g 45.038 g Volume HCl 25.4 mL 20.8 mL 22.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 122.458 g 111.741 g 111.683 g Initial temperature solution 20.0 °C 25.4 °C 24.6 °CMass of manganese Final temperature 36.8 °C 41.4 °C 41.6 °CInitial temperature manganese 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.0 °C 23.6 °C 20.2 °C Mass of calorimeter 46.944 g 49.868 g 48.864 gFinal temperature 31.2 °C 30.4 °C 26.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 94.623 g 102.153 g 97.813 g

Initial temperature water 24.8 °C 24.0 °C 25.0 °CMass of calorimeter 48.814 g 40.639 g 48.438 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 102.878 g 109.291 g 106.462 gMass of calorimeter + water 74.753 g 66.049 g 78.740 g Final temperature 10.8 °C 13.2 °C 10.6 °Cmass of potassium permanganate 4.137 g 3.768 g 4.106 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.4 °C 22.8 °C 20.4 °C Part A = 0.477 J/g°CFinal temperature 12.8 °C 15.6 °C 12.8 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 857 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 23.0 mL 25.4 mL 21.4 mLMass of calorimeter 50.607 g 49.201 g 48.983 g Volume HCl 23.8 mL 24.0 mL 22.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 121.764 g 110.022 g 119.940 g Initial temperature solution 24.8 °C 24.4 °C 23.4 °CMass of nickel Final temperature 41.2 °C 42.2 °C 39.6 °CInitial temperature nickel 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 22.2 °C 21.6 °C 22.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 46.261 g 46.074 g 40.232 gFinal temperature 30.2 °C 31.2 °C 31.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 96.085 g 94.966 g 93.038 g

Initial temperature water 24.6 °C 22.2 °C 23.6 °CMass of calorimeter 49.957 g 40.754 g 41.974 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 105.895 g 102.893 g 101.864 gMass of calorimeter + water 80.922 g 70.541 g 66.021 g Final temperature 9.0 °C 10.0 °C 9.8 °Cmass of potassium hydroxide 4.017 g 5.038 g 5.348 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.8 °C 25.8 °C 21.2 °C Part A = 0.502 J/g°CFinal temperature 48.2 °C 57.0 °C 60.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Cnickel

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +44.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

60.765 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Cmanganese

Part D = 334 J/g

78.260 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –57.6 kJ/mol

DATA SET 858 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 21.8 mL 25.4 mL 24.8 mLMass of calorimeter 43.677 g 41.738 g 45.085 g Volume HCl 22.8 mL 21.6 mL 22.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 105.346 g 110.836 g 112.396 g Initial temperature solution 24.4 °C 22.0 °C 21.2 °CMass of titanium Final temperature 40.8 °C 37.8 °C 37.2 °CInitial temperature titanium 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 22.6 °C 25.4 °C 22.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 46.878 g 41.179 g 41.397 gFinal temperature 26.8 °C 29.0 °C 25.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 100.577 g 95.797 g 89.227 g

Initial temperature water 24.8 °C 23.4 °C 24.0 °CMass of calorimeter 47.504 g 43.384 g 42.673 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 109.736 g 103.372 g 96.813 gMass of calorimeter + water 76.210 g 69.175 g 72.922 g Final temperature 10.8 °C 12.0 °C 11.8 °Cmass of sodium nitrate 3.782 g 5.370 g 5.230 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.6 °C 20.0 °C 24.4 °C Part A = 0.544 J/g°CFinal temperature 15.4 °C 11.0 °C 16.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 859 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.4 mL 21.2 mL 21.4 mLMass of calorimeter 42.885 g 41.308 g 43.375 g Volume HCl 24.8 mL 24.8 mL 23.2 mLMass of calorimeter + water 105.364 g 116.804 g 112.714 g Initial temperature solution 22.2 °C 21.6 °C 22.2 °CMass of aluminum Final temperature 40.2 °C 38.0 °C 39.4 °CInitial temperature aluminum 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.8 °C 21.4 °C 22.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 42.746 g 43.304 g 44.767 gFinal temperature 31.0 °C 25.6 °C 26.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 87.912 g 94.099 g 90.642 g

Initial temperature water 24.2 °C 24.4 °C 22.6 °CMass of calorimeter 46.995 g 42.132 g 44.787 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 94.884 g 101.522 g 96.755 gMass of calorimeter + water 77.922 g 70.326 g 68.092 g Final temperature 12.4 °C 13.0 °C 12.4 °Cmass of sodium hydroxide 5.184 g 3.164 g 3.521 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 25.0 °C 24.6 °C 25.6 °C Part A = 0.903 J/g°CFinal temperature 59.4 °C 48.4 °C 54.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

23.250 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –44.3 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part B

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctitanium

32.887 gPart D

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +20.4 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Caluminum

DATA SET 860 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 25.0 mL 22.2 mL 23.2 mLMass of calorimeter 48.705 g 40.135 g 41.439 g Volume HCl 23.8 mL 24.8 mL 22.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 116.102 g 104.550 g 115.067 g Initial temperature solution 25.0 °C 20.2 °C 24.6 °CMass of lead Final temperature 41.8 °C 36.2 °C 42.4 °CInitial temperature lead 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 21.6 °C 25.6 °C 25.4 °C Mass of calorimeter 47.873 g 42.086 g 48.134 gFinal temperature 24.0 °C 28.2 °C 27.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 101.257 g 96.317 g 100.207 g

Initial temperature water 25.8 °C 25.8 °C 24.8 °CMass of calorimeter 40.814 g 48.035 g 40.643 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 109.048 g 104.528 g 106.451 gMass of calorimeter + water 66.427 g 78.523 g 70.872 g Final temperature 13.4 °C 13.8 °C 15.2 °Cmass of ammonium chloride 5.954 g 3.306 g 5.205 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 25.0 °C 25.6 °C 24.8 °C Part A = 0.128 J/g°CFinal temperature 13.8 °C 20.0 °C 16.2 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 861 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.0 mL 22.6 mL 21.8 mLMass of calorimeter 42.680 g 41.118 g 49.960 g Volume HCl 22.2 mL 20.4 mL 23.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 117.629 g 104.648 g 118.368 g Initial temperature solution 23.6 °C 23.0 °C 24.4 °CMass of tungsten Final temperature 41.0 °C 39.8 °C 41.0 °CInitial temperature tungsten 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.2 °C 23.4 °C 25.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 46.046 g 41.596 g 44.695 gFinal temperature 29.2 °C 28.8 °C 30.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 101.364 g 97.518 g 93.971 g

Initial temperature water 25.0 °C 21.0 °C 25.0 °CMass of calorimeter 47.915 g 49.900 g 43.574 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 108.364 g 105.424 g 102.442 gMass of calorimeter + water 75.937 g 79.888 g 69.074 g Final temperature 14.8 °C 9.6 °C 11.2 °Cmass of calcium chloride 3.017 g 3.383 g 3.464 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.4 °C 20.8 °C 20.6 °C Part A = 0.134 J/g°CFinal temperature 38.8 °C 36.2 °C 39.8 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

157.967 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –82.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctungsten

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +14.7 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

lead

85.224 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part C

DATA SET 862 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 23.6 mL 25.8 mL 22.6 mLMass of calorimeter 42.942 g 44.361 g 44.679 g Volume HCl 21.6 mL 22.0 mL 25.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 103.150 g 110.352 g 107.436 g Initial temperature solution 21.2 °C 22.0 °C 21.6 °CMass of tin Final temperature 37.0 °C 37.8 °C 37.4 °CInitial temperature tin 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.0 °C 21.0 °C 25.2 °C Mass of calorimeter 40.150 g 42.767 g 42.117 gFinal temperature 28.2 °C 24.2 °C 28.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 92.528 g 94.041 g 91.958 g

Initial temperature water 21.6 °C 24.8 °C 25.2 °CMass of calorimeter 45.466 g 44.304 g 45.532 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 100.604 g 103.310 g 100.412 gMass of calorimeter + water 76.184 g 71.034 g 74.407 g Final temperature 9.2 °C 11.0 °C 12.2 °Cmass of ammonium nitrate 5.978 g 4.716 g 3.326 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 24.0 °C 22.6 °C 22.0 °C Part A = 0.218 J/g°CFinal temperature 11.4 °C 11.8 °C 14.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 863 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.4 mL 25.8 mL 22.8 mLMass of calorimeter 46.757 g 47.701 g 44.294 g Volume HCl 22.2 mL 23.0 mL 23.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 107.781 g 119.189 g 115.423 g Initial temperature solution 23.4 °C 25.4 °C 21.8 °CMass of copper Final temperature 39.6 °C 41.4 °C 39.8 °CInitial temperature copper 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 23.6 °C 22.8 °C 20.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 46.746 g 40.669 g 41.867 gFinal temperature 30.6 °C 29.2 °C 26.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 100.635 g 85.687 g 91.539 g

Initial temperature water 22.2 °C 24.0 °C 22.4 °CMass of calorimeter 44.184 g 41.547 g 48.161 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 106.645 g 91.962 g 97.964 gMass of calorimeter + water 70.440 g 67.791 g 71.006 g Final temperature 12.8 °C 12.6 °C 11.6 °Cmass of cesium hydroxide 3.404 g 5.183 g 4.784 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 22.4 °C 23.0 °C 22.4 °C Part A = 0.385 J/g°CFinal temperature 33.2 °C 41.0 °C 39.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

73.722 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –71.6 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ccopper

tin

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +25.7 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

57.554 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part C

DATA SET 864 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 21.4 mL 25.4 mL 25.0 mLMass of calorimeter 49.379 g 41.569 g 46.029 g Volume HCl 25.8 mL 23.4 mL 20.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 127.555 g 102.117 g 119.807 g Initial temperature solution 24.6 °C 20.6 °C 20.2 °CMass of zinc Final temperature 41.0 °C 38.0 °C 35.4 °CInitial temperature zinc 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 21.6 °C 21.0 °C 24.6 °C Mass of calorimeter 49.744 g 41.300 g 49.564 gFinal temperature 26.6 °C 26.8 °C 29.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 97.763 g 91.015 g 102.917 g

Initial temperature water 24.8 °C 23.6 °C 23.0 °CMass of calorimeter 40.060 g 45.671 g 40.122 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 106.217 g 100.355 g 108.919 gMass of calorimeter + water 65.297 g 76.124 g 66.665 g Final temperature 10.8 °C 9.6 °C 14.0 °Cmass of potassium chlorate 3.077 g 5.686 g 3.239 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 22.8 °C 21.2 °C 23.0 °C Part A = 0.388 J/g°CFinal temperature 15.2 °C 8.4 °C 15.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 865 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 21.2 mL 25.2 mL 24.8 mLMass of calorimeter 49.284 g 49.563 g 41.659 g Volume HCl 23.8 mL 23.2 mL 20.2 mLMass of calorimeter + water 127.749 g 123.345 g 104.920 g Initial temperature solution 20.6 °C 23.2 °C 24.2 °CMass of cobalt Final temperature 37.6 °C 40.4 °C 40.4 °CInitial temperature cobalt 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 21.2 °C 20.6 °C 20.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 40.008 g 46.113 g 44.751 gFinal temperature 28.0 °C 27.6 °C 28.2 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 87.559 g 101.105 g 100.125 g

Initial temperature water 24.2 °C 24.8 °C 24.4 °CMass of calorimeter 40.008 g 48.567 g 42.884 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 96.276 g 109.873 g 109.175 gMass of calorimeter + water 70.060 g 74.775 g 65.655 g Final temperature 10.2 °C 11.6 °C 10.8 °Cmass of lithium bromide 4.201 g 3.687 g 4.107 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 20.6 °C 25.4 °C 22.6 °C Part A = 0.421 J/g°CFinal temperature 35.2 °C 39.4 °C 40.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ccobalt

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +42.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Czinc

62.085 gPart D

Part D = 334 J/g

77.330 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –49.1 kJ/mol

DATA SET 866 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.0 mL 22.2 mL 21.6 mLMass of calorimeter 40.853 g 46.115 g 45.193 g Volume HCl 21.8 mL 24.6 mL 22.4 mLMass of calorimeter + water 103.952 g 126.963 g 124.427 g Initial temperature solution 23.0 °C 25.6 °C 23.8 °CMass of chromium Final temperature 38.8 °C 41.8 °C 41.6 °CInitial temperature chromium 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 25.4 °C 20.2 °C 24.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 47.680 g 47.420 g 45.992 gFinal temperature 31.4 °C 26.0 °C 29.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 102.691 g 96.880 g 92.506 g

Initial temperature water 24.2 °C 21.4 °C 24.4 °CMass of calorimeter 42.317 g 41.694 g 43.143 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 110.195 g 103.497 g 99.210 gMass of calorimeter + water 72.971 g 67.368 g 71.133 g Final temperature 12.6 °C 10.4 °C 12.4 °Cmass of potassium nitrate 4.364 g 3.100 g 5.107 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 20.8 °C 21.8 °C 21.4 °C Part A = 0.461 J/g°CFinal temperature 11.6 °C 14.4 °C 10.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 867 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 25.8 mL 23.6 mL 22.0 mLMass of calorimeter 44.730 g 42.374 g 47.515 g Volume HCl 22.0 mL 24.8 mL 24.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 118.363 g 117.402 g 120.473 g Initial temperature solution 24.6 °C 21.6 °C 24.2 °CMass of iron Final temperature 40.0 °C 38.0 °C 40.2 °CInitial temperature iron 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.8 °C 23.0 °C 21.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 46.111 g 42.638 g 40.932 gFinal temperature 27.6 °C 29.2 °C 27.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 99.750 g 96.532 g 96.118 g

Initial temperature water 22.0 °C 24.4 °C 21.6 °CMass of calorimeter 49.522 g 41.855 g 50.365 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 106.897 g 106.184 g 105.723 gMass of calorimeter + water 77.615 g 64.165 g 79.692 g Final temperature 11.6 °C 9.6 °C 7.8 °Cmass of lithium chloride 4.345 g 4.774 g 5.864 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 25.8 °C 24.6 °C 23.0 °C Part A = 0.461 J/g°CFinal temperature 52.0 °C 58.6 °C 54.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

65.374 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –36.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +34.9 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Cchromium

60.968 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ciron

DATA SET 868 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.8 mL 21.4 mL 25.6 mLMass of calorimeter 45.726 g 47.793 g 46.038 g Volume HCl 24.2 mL 24.8 mL 20.0 mLMass of calorimeter + water 107.300 g 127.184 g 126.500 g Initial temperature solution 22.4 °C 21.4 °C 24.6 °CMass of manganese Final temperature 38.0 °C 37.2 °C 39.4 °CInitial temperature manganese 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 21.0 °C 23.2 °C 21.2 °C Mass of calorimeter 44.110 g 50.621 g 50.648 gFinal temperature 27.6 °C 29.0 °C 26.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 94.071 g 98.202 g 100.123 g

Initial temperature water 22.6 °C 24.2 °C 23.2 °CMass of calorimeter 44.238 g 42.599 g 43.921 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 101.115 g 106.059 g 107.276 gMass of calorimeter + water 74.629 g 71.022 g 68.035 g Final temperature 11.6 °C 11.0 °C 12.0 °Cmass of potassium permanganate 4.192 g 4.484 g 4.137 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 22.8 °C 24.6 °C 24.4 °C Part A = 0.477 J/g°CFinal temperature 15.6 °C 16.6 °C 16.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 869 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 25.0 mL 22.4 mL 21.2 mLMass of calorimeter 50.628 g 48.832 g 46.383 g Volume HCl 24.0 mL 23.4 mL 25.4 mLMass of calorimeter + water 127.990 g 122.404 g 119.251 g Initial temperature solution 24.0 °C 25.0 °C 23.0 °CMass of nickel Final temperature 40.6 °C 42.8 °C 39.6 °CInitial temperature nickel 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 24.6 °C 21.4 °C 24.4 °C Mass of calorimeter 42.800 g 49.479 g 47.668 gFinal temperature 31.6 °C 29.2 °C 32.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 97.991 g 97.174 g 97.707 g

Initial temperature water 23.4 °C 22.2 °C 22.6 °CMass of calorimeter 47.702 g 46.956 g 43.205 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 107.826 g 106.441 g 105.407 gMass of calorimeter + water 71.623 g 76.944 g 65.407 g Final temperature 8.8 °C 8.0 °C 10.8 °Cmass of potassium hydroxide 5.314 g 4.211 g 4.830 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 24.8 °C 21.6 °C 25.6 °C Part A = 0.502 J/g°CFinal temperature 66.8 °C 49.6 °C 66.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Cnickel

71.741 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –57.6 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Cmanganese

60.293 gPart D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +44.1 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

Part D = 334 J/g

DATA SET 870 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 23.6 mL 21.0 mL 23.0 mLMass of calorimeter 46.508 g 49.532 g 44.489 g Volume HCl 23.6 mL 20.6 mL 20.2 mLMass of calorimeter + water 110.895 g 118.866 g 117.271 g Initial temperature solution 25.2 °C 22.2 °C 24.6 °CMass of titanium Final temperature 43.2 °C 38.6 °C 41.6 °CInitial temperature titanium 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 24.2 °C 22.2 °C 22.4 °C Mass of calorimeter 47.859 g 46.307 g 42.929 gFinal temperature 28.2 °C 26.0 °C 25.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 94.882 g 101.325 g 89.770 g

Initial temperature water 25.6 °C 24.4 °C 21.0 °CMass of calorimeter 48.333 g 46.404 g 47.037 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 102.214 g 110.688 g 97.592 gMass of calorimeter + water 79.200 g 75.573 g 76.648 g Final temperature 12.8 °C 11.0 °C 7.8 °Cmass of sodium nitrate 4.081 g 5.862 g 5.802 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 25.6 °C 23.2 °C 24.8 °C Part A = 0.544 J/g°CFinal temperature 19.6 °C 14.4 °C 15.6 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 871 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.2 mL 25.8 mL 24.0 mLMass of calorimeter 45.794 g 41.773 g 43.384 g Volume HCl 23.0 mL 20.2 mL 25.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 106.904 g 106.584 g 104.045 g Initial temperature solution 20.6 °C 21.2 °C 25.0 °CMass of aluminum Final temperature 36.0 °C 37.0 °C 41.4 °CInitial temperature aluminum 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 21.2 °C 22.4 °C 20.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 44.616 g 45.924 g 45.860 gFinal temperature 26.0 °C 26.8 °C 24.8 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 99.570 g 92.327 g 92.434 g

Initial temperature water 22.0 °C 23.8 °C 22.2 °CMass of calorimeter 42.805 g 50.197 g 44.735 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 109.543 g 99.620 g 100.352 gMass of calorimeter + water 68.387 g 74.659 g 71.195 g Final temperature 7.4 °C 11.6 °C 9.6 °Cmass of sodium hydroxide 4.218 g 4.824 g 5.605 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 20.2 °C 20.4 °C 23.8 °C Part A = 0.903 J/g°CFinal temperature 55.0 °C 59.0 °C 66.0 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –44.3 kJ/mol

Part D = 334 J/g

Part D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Caluminum

20.029 g

Part D

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +20.4 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctitanium

32.315 g

Part D

DATA SET 872 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 24.6 mL 23.8 mL 22.4 mLMass of calorimeter 50.950 g 50.800 g 42.783 g Volume HCl 20.2 mL 24.4 mL 25.8 mLMass of calorimeter + water 123.493 g 118.666 g 105.388 g Initial temperature solution 20.8 °C 21.4 °C 25.0 °CMass of lead Final temperature 37.2 °C 38.4 °C 41.8 °CInitial temperature lead 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.2 °C 21.2 °C 24.8 °C Mass of calorimeter 50.237 g 46.138 g 47.632 gFinal temperature 22.8 °C 24.0 °C 27.6 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 104.984 g 100.768 g 101.321 g

Initial temperature water 22.0 °C 21.8 °C 25.8 °CMass of calorimeter 45.173 g 48.189 g 49.820 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 114.410 g 109.968 g 107.445 gMass of calorimeter + water 74.020 g 74.736 g 75.810 g Final temperature 8.0 °C 9.0 °C 16.0 °Cmass of ammonium chloride 4.241 g 5.772 g 5.434 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 22.2 °C 21.8 °C 21.2 °C Part A = 0.128 J/g°CFinal temperature 14.2 °C 10.2 °C 10.8 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 873 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.4 mL 20.6 mL 21.2 mLMass of calorimeter 45.317 g 45.020 g 48.139 g Volume HCl 23.0 mL 24.2 mL 22.2 mLMass of calorimeter + water 106.004 g 116.198 g 124.177 g Initial temperature solution 20.4 °C 21.0 °C 22.4 °CMass of tungsten Final temperature 37.4 °C 36.4 °C 40.0 °CInitial temperature tungsten 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 24.8 °C 22.2 °C 24.4 °C Mass of calorimeter 48.993 g 47.583 g 46.181 gFinal temperature 29.6 °C 26.6 °C 28.0 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 97.476 g 95.419 g 102.040 g

Initial temperature water 21.8 °C 24.2 °C 23.0 °CMass of calorimeter 49.099 g 47.676 g 45.945 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 104.709 g 102.754 g 111.113 gMass of calorimeter + water 76.816 g 71.826 g 68.298 g Final temperature 10.4 °C 11.6 °C 9.8 °Cmass of calcium chloride 5.962 g 5.217 g 4.017 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.6 °C 23.6 °C 25.0 °C Part A = 0.134 J/g°CFinal temperature 52.8 °C 51.8 °C 47.4 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –82.9 kJ/mol

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ctungsten

145.231 g

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Clead

97.519 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +14.7 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

Part D = 334 J/g

Part D

DATA SET 874 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 22.0 mL 20.6 mL 23.6 mLMass of calorimeter 49.287 g 48.279 g 43.592 g Volume HCl 24.0 mL 20.2 mL 21.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 129.778 g 121.199 g 123.738 g Initial temperature solution 20.6 °C 22.6 °C 20.2 °CMass of tin Final temperature 38.0 °C 38.8 °C 36.4 °CInitial temperature tin 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 22.2 °C 22.0 °C 21.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 49.702 g 47.450 g 48.464 gFinal temperature 24.8 °C 24.6 °C 23.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 101.885 g 92.620 g 100.092 g

Initial temperature water 24.6 °C 21.4 °C 24.2 °CMass of calorimeter 40.808 g 47.201 g 48.906 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 109.911 g 102.254 g 106.614 gMass of calorimeter + water 66.525 g 73.270 g 72.409 g Final temperature 11.8 °C 6.2 °C 14.0 °Cmass of ammonium nitrate 4.190 g 5.363 g 5.690 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 23.0 °C 24.2 °C 24.8 °C Part A = 0.218 J/g°CFinal temperature 12.8 °C 12.6 °C 10.2 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

DATA SET 875 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Metal name Volume NaOH 20.2 mL 25.4 mL 20.8 mLMass of calorimeter 46.283 g 47.133 g 41.765 g Volume HCl 24.0 mL 21.8 mL 21.6 mLMass of calorimeter + water 117.570 g 111.033 g 109.401 g Initial temperature solution 23.4 °C 21.8 °C 21.0 °CMass of copper Final temperature 39.8 °C 37.2 °C 37.2 °CInitial temperature copper 100.0 °C 100.0 °C 100.0 °CInitial temperature of water 20.8 °C 20.0 °C 21.0 °C Mass of calorimeter 41.279 g 45.464 g 44.046 gFinal temperature 26.4 °C 26.4 °C 26.4 °C Mass of calorimeter + water 95.445 g 95.079 g 96.036 g

Initial temperature water 23.6 °C 22.2 °C 21.4 °CMass of calorimeter 47.530 g 49.315 g 43.996 g Mass of calorimeter + water + ice 105.062 g 101.324 g 103.869 gMass of calorimeter + water 75.843 g 78.396 g 74.040 g Final temperature 9.2 °C 11.8 °C 10.0 °Cmass of cesium hydroxide 3.489 g 4.021 g 4.130 gInitial temperature water/calorimeter 21.6 °C 23.0 °C 23.4 °C Part A = 0.385 J/g°CFinal temperature 32.2 °C 35.0 °C 36.2 °C Part C = –57.3 kJ/mol

Part B

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = –71.6 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part Ccopper

65.054 gPart D

tin

56.191 gPart D

Part B

EXP 8 - Thermochemistry

Part A (calorimeter constant = 32.8 J/°C) Part C

Theoretical values for data analysisPart B = +25.7 kJ/molPart D = 334 J/g