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① Discuss with class:

1- How often do you visit the dentist and why?

2- How do you feel when you have a toothache?

3- What do you do when you have a toothache?

Discussion

Grammar: Perfect Tenses:

Present Perfect Past Perfect

Speaking :Having a Bad

Toothache.

Getting Your

TeethCleaned.

Chipped Tooth.

Vocabulary: Expressing Your Need

Talking to the Doctor

Expressing Pain

Unit5

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BEFORE YOU READ

Answer the following questions:

1- What is abscess?

a. Tooth decay b. Pus-pocket c. Jaw pain

2- What happens if you don’t treat abscess?

3- How do you protect your teeth from having a tooth abscess?

② Now read the following text:

Abscess

An abscessed tooth is an infection caused by tooth decay, periodontal disease or a cracked tooth.

These problems can let bacteria enter the pulp (the soft tissue of a tooth that contains nerves,

blood vessels and connective tissue) and can lead to pulp death. When pus builds up at the root

tip in the jaw bone, it forms a pus-pocket called an abscess. If the abscess is not treated, it can

lead to a serious infection in the jaw bone, teeth and surrounding tissues.

Symptoms of an abscess include:

1. pain

2. swelling

3. redness in the gums

4. bad taste in the mouth

5. fever

An abscessed tooth can be treated with various treatments, depending on the severity of the

infection. Here are some of the treatment methods a dentist may consider:

antibiotics, to destroy the bacteria causing the infection

drainage of the infection

cleaning the space between the tooth and the gum if the cause is from gum disease

root canal treatment if the abscess is caused by decay or a cracked tooth

Following good oral hygiene practices and routine dental exams will significantly reduce your risk

of developing a tooth abscess.

Reading

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AFTER YOU READ

Answer the following questions:

1. According to you, what is the worst symptom of an abscess?

2. According to you, what is the most effective way to treat abscess?

3. What is pus?

BEFORE YOU READ

Answer the following questions:

1. What do you know about jaw pain?

2. Why is it difficult to diagnose facial or jaw pain?

③Now read the following text:

Jaw Pain

Many adults suffer from chronic jaw and facial pain. Some common symptoms include pain in or

around the ear, tenderness of the jaw, pain when biting, or headaches. Many things can cause

facial pain, which can make it difficult to diagnose and treat. Your dentist will conduct a thorough

exam, which may include X-rays, to determine the cause of the pain.

Possible causes of jaw pain or facial pain include:

toothache infections injury tooth grinding

Your dentist’s plan for treatment will depend on the source of your facial pain, but recommendations may include:

mouth protector muscle relaxants exercises anti-inflammatory drugs antibiotics root canal therapy periodontal treatment extraction

If you suffer from jaw pain or facial pain, speak with your dentist or physician for diagnosis and treatment.

50

AFTER YOU READ

Answer the following questions:

1. What are the common symptoms of jaw pain?

2. What would you recommend to treat jaw pain and why?

3. What are the causes of jaw pain? Can you think of other causes?

④Practice this conversation with your partner, then switch roles.

Expressing Pain:

Having a Bad Toothache

Fred: Hello, Jodie. How are you doing?

Jodie: Not good, doc! I’m having a bad toothache.

Fred:Hmmm..Let me check...

Jodie: Is it something bad?

Fred: Well, nothing unusual for a sweet tooth like you! You’ve got another set of cavities.

Jodie: Ouch. But, I’ve been taking good care of my teeth.

Fred: The gaps you have between your teeth make you prone to frequent cavities. This is the

reason I keep on asking you to visit the dentist once every 6 months to maintain your oral

hygiene.

Jodie: Yes, I know you’re right. Are the cavities really bad?

Fred: Not that bad. We’ll fix them up with composite filling.

Getting Your Teeth Cleaned.

Sam: Hi, how are you?

Welson: I’m good. I’m actually tired of these stains on my teeth. Could you suggest any

treatment that could remove them permanently?

Sam: Well, we can fix that with scaling and polishing.

Welson: How much will it cost?

Sam: The whole process will take 3-4 sittings of 45 minutes each. Each sitting will cost you $50.

Welson: Will it be painful?

Sam: No. Not at all! You won’t even know what’s going on.

Speaking

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Welson: Can I get an appointment for the first sitting?

Sam: Sure. You can come tomorrow morning at 11.

Welson: Okay, thanks.

Chipped Tooth.

Sam: Hi Susan. How are you?

Susan: Not good, doc. I got my tooth chipped last night.

Sam: How did that happen?

Susan: I slipped off the stairs last night.

Sam: Sounds bad. C’mon, show me your chipped tooth. Ouch!...That’s really bad.

Susan: Can you fix it?

Sam: Well, we’ll have to put a crown over the chipped tooth.

Susan: Will that be painful?

Sam: Yes, it can be a little painful. But, if you want, I can use anesthesia.

Susan: No, that’s okay. I can bear a little pain.

Getting Veneers.

Welson: I have these gaps in between my front teeth. Is there any way I can get them covered?

Sam: Yes. We can use composite material to fix them up. But, I see you have pretty big gaps on

both sides. I suggest veneers.

Welson: How much would it cost?

Sam: Veneers would cost you around $250 per tooth.

Welson: That’s pretty expensive! And how long would it last?

Sam: Veneers can last up to 7 years if taken care of properly.

Welson: That’s pretty good. Alright. I’ll check my dental plan coverage first and let you know.

⑤ Practice with your classmate and Write a conversation in your own words.

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⑥Guess and match the meaning of the following words with their meanings:

a. ( ) Sweet tooth

b. ( ) Cavities

c. ( ) Treatment

d. ( ) Hygiene

e. ( ) Prone

f. ( ) Composite

g. ( ) Filling

h. ( ) Stains

i. ( ) Permanently

j. ( ) Appointment

k. ( ) Chipped

l. ( ) Slip off

m. ( ) Crown

n. ( )Anesthesia

o. ( ) Veneers

1. Something that is done to cure an illness or injury, or to make

somebody look and feel good.

2. Inclined to; likely to experience

3. Any of various substances (metal, plastic, etc) for inserting into the

prepared cavity of a tooth

4. Patches of color different from that of the basic color

5. An arrangement to do something or meet someone at a particular

time and place.

6. A layer of material placed over a tooth, either to improve the

aesthetics of a tooth or to protect the tooth's surface from damage.

7. Conditions and practices that serve to promote or preserve health.

8. A crack or flaw caused by the removal of a small piece.

9. The part of a tooth that is covered by enamel and projects beyond

the gum line.

10. A fondness or craving for sweets.

11. Made up of various parts or elements.

12. Soft decayed areas on teeth.

13. For a long time without essential change

14. A drug, administered for medical or surgical purposes, that induces

partial or total loss of sensation and may be topical, local, regional,

or general, depending on the method of administration and area of

the body affected.

Vocabulary

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Grammar

54

⑦ Answer the following exercises about the present perfect:

55

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⑧ Answer the following exercises about the past perfect:

57

⑨ Write a topic about your worst visit to the dentist

(NOTE: Try to use the two tenses you learned in this unit)

Writing