Express Team

University of New Mexico

February 24, 2006

Project location

University of New Mexico

1

Foot prints

2

Climate

Month Avg. high

Avg. Low

Record High

Record Low

Avg. Precipitation

Jan 48 0F 24 0F 69 0F 17 0F 0.49 in

July 92 0F 65 0F 105 0F 52 0F 1.27 in

WIND (MPH)

HIGHEST WIND SPEED 14

AVERAGE WIND SPEED 6.6

HIGHEST WIND DIRECTION - North

TEMPERATURE & RAINFALL

Other Constraints

• Cactus Garden

• Fluctuating Water Table

Architecture

CHAIR’S OFFICESENIOR ADMIN. OFFICE

SECRETARIESFACULTY OFFICESFACULTY LOUNGE

SMALL CLASSROOMSSEMINAR ROOMS

STUDENT OFFICES

INSTRUCTIAL LABSCOMPUTER MACH. RM.TECHNICAL SUPPORT

STORAGE

AUDITORIUMLARGE CLASSROOMS

TAOS PUEBLO, TAOS, NEW MEXICO. ADOBE ARCHITECTURE

CHAIR’S OFFICESENIOR ADMIN. OFFICE

SECRETARIESFACULTY OFFICESFACULTY LOUNGESTUDENT OFFICES

AUDITORIUMLARGE CLASSROOMSSMALLCLASSROOMS

SEMINAR ROOMSINSTRUCTIONAL LABSCOMPUTER MACH. RM.TECHNICAL SUPPORT

STORAGE

First architectural concept

The Wrapper - Floor 1

The Wrapper – Floor 2 & 3

The Wrapper – Cross sections

The Wrapper - Loads1st floor: 215 psf → 2.08 klf2nd floor: 188 psf → 1.82 klf3rd floor: 178 psf → 1.72 klfRoof: 154 psf → 1.50 klf

[psf] [klf]

The Wrapper – Structural system 1

System 1 - Gravity System

• 6-7 Columns and Shear Walls to hold up Roof Truss

• 35 cables (17 on each side +1) – hang from a 4’ high roof truss holds up floors 2 and 3

• Lightweight concrete deck – on simple connected steel beams

• Steel Moment Resisting Frame – on the Auditorium (building) – also support the long staircase

System 1 - Lateral System

• Earthquake controls:

Base shear V=375k

• Shear walls – 2@18” thick, 5’

long• Moment resisting

frame in the auditorium

System 1 – Roof truss

• Modeled as a cantilevered beam under point load (from cables)

Convention Centers as Precedence

David L. Lawrence Convention Center, Pittsburgh, PAhttp://www.pubs.asce.org/ceonline/ceonline03/1103feat.html

System1 - Preliminary dimensions

• Cable diameter :T=120 kips 2” diameter, 875’ total length

• Roof truss sections:– SIX (42’x 4) long 4’ deep trusses

• W14x176 top and bottom chord• TOTAL ROOF steel : 330 Tons

– Or FOUR (42’x4) long 4’ deep trusses• W14x370 chords• TOTAL ROOF Steel: 455 Tons

• Column sections: – FOUR W14x211 and TWO W14x283

System 1 – Foundation

• Mat foundation– Demand: 1 ksf < Capacity: 4 ksf

The Wrapper – Structural system 2

• Steel beams & columns– Relatively light (compared to concrete)– Easy to hide, easy to work with

• Hollow core pre-stressed slabs– Low weight– Span up to 18 m– Width of 60 cm (~2’)

System 2 – Transfer of loads

Column

Beam

Slab

Calculated section

System 2 – Initial calculations

Max M = -513 kips ftMax N = -294 kips

29’ 29’58’ 53’

169’

System 2 – Typical dimensions

Beams: M = 513 klbf ft → W18x97

d = 17’’, A = 29.7 in2 (M =~ 530 klbf ft)

Columns: N = 294 klb → W14x53– Due to bending, lateral loads and the fact that

we want the columns to be stronger than the beams (earthquake load and resulting failure)

→ Columns W18x106

System 2 – Floor slabs

Different type of slabs:– Different length but the

same width and depth– Depth estimation ~14’’– Standard width 60cm

(~2’)– Openings– 2h fire resistance– Fast assembly

The Wrapper – Structural system 3

• EXTREME approach• IDEA: no colums, open space, one piece structure

System 3 – Extreme idea

• Approach: Bridge design – post-tensioned slabs, divide building into 3 parts

slab

Pre-fabricatedelement

1st floor - Load bearing walls

System 3 – Extreme idea

• Construction: Temporary columns

After post-tensioning Columns removedCables

111’

Is there a solution for this extreme idea?

Second architectural concept

Second concept - Loads

Floor Area [sf] Average load/sf

1 9409.3 211.15

2 11340 183.97

3 12877 167.77

Roof 16539 94.9With 21 columns 396.67 kips per column

Vertical loads

Lateral loads

Base shear, V = 360 kips

Requires shear walls with a thickness of about 18”

Second concept - Foundation• Footing

- Need of 21 footings of the dimension: 10’ x 10’ x 2.5’

- Rebar: 10#8 @ 1’ with tied bar in both direction

- Minimum drainage is recommended

Second concept - Structural system

?

SPACE TRUSS PARTIAL SPACE TRUSS

SPACE FRAME !!!

Second concept – Transfer of loads

Second concept – Structural system 1

System 1 – Results in W-E direction

Max. moment: 423 kips ftMax. axial force: 289 kip

System 1 – Results in N-S direction

Max. moment: 576 kip ftMax. axial force: 376 kip

System 1 – Typical dimensions

Beams: M = 624 klbf ft

W14x132

Columns: N = 1390 klbf

A = 9 sq in

Some reserve is needed due to:

•Bending

•Lateral load

•Earthquake load

W16x57

Second concept – Structural system 2 To reduce moment and reaction forces, supports by

means of bracings, can be used every x meters.

System 2 – Results in W-E direction

Max. moment: 342 kip ftMax. axial force: 293 kip

System 2 – Results in N-S direction

Max. moment: 520 kip ftMax. axial force: 379 kip

System 2 – Typical dimensions•Concrete columns:Dimensioned with interaction diagrama = 40 cm = 15.75’’Reinforced with 12#18mm bars

•Concrete composite slab:One way slab , depth 2’

•Steel beams & inclined bracings:W14x132 height = 14.7’’

OR

Concrete beams:Dimensioned with interaction diagram

60 x 40 cm

Reinforced with 11#36mm bars in tension

Construction

The Wrapper System #1Project Sequence

Sequencing cont’d

Cost EstimateItem Description Quantity Unit Unit Price Sub Total

01 FOUNDATION $186,922

Site Excavation & Backfill 3,400 CY 50.00$ 170,000.00$

Dewatering 30 day 75.00$ 2,250.00$ Cast in place spread footings 16 Ea 917.00$ 14,672.00$

02 SUBSTRUCTURE $47,8958" thick slab on grade, reinforced 9,300 SF 5.15$ 47,895.00$

03 SUPERSTRUCTURE $992,648Shear Wall cast in place concrete 260 CY 5.70$ 1,482.00$ Shear Wall rebar 450 Ton 1,025.00$ 461,250.00$ 2" diameter steel cable 875 LF 34.00$ 29,750.00$

W14x176, 4' deep, steel open web joists 330 Ton 1,395.00$ 460,350.00$

W14x211 Structural steel column 144 VLF 165.00$ 23,760.00$ W14x283 Structural steel column 72 VLF 223.00$ 16,056.00$ Precast Prestressed Concrete Slab, 6" thick 23,523 SF 7.25$ 170,541.75$ Auditorium walls 2,730 CY 90.00$ 245,700.00$

04 EXTERIOR CLOSURE $1,520,035

Straw bale exterior walls 17,600 SF 45.00$ 792,000.00$

Aluminum Composite Panels 17,650 SF 2.50$ 44,125.00$ Glass Curtain Wall 7,700 SF 87.00$ 669,900.00$ Exterior windows 8 Ea 445.00$ 3,560.00$ Exterior doors 2 Ea 2,075.00$ 4,150.00$ Storefront doors 3 Ea 2,100.00$ 6,300.00$

Cost Estimate (cont’d)

05 ROOFING & WATERPROOFING $50,740Roof coverings 10,795 SF Roof $ 4.00 43,180.00$ Waterproofing membrane - 1 layer 10,800 SF 0.70$ 7,560.00$

06 INTERIOR CONSTRUCTION $715,868Partitions 16,000 SF 8.20$ 131,200.00$ Interior doors 52 Ea 225.00$ 11,700.00$ Fittings 32,685 SF Floor 3.25$ 106,226.25$ Emergency Stair Construction 1 Ea 4,500.00$ 4,500.00$ Main Stair Construction 1 Ea 12,750.00$ 12,750.00$

Wall finishes 14,000 SF 6.75$ 94,500.00$

Floor finishes 32,685 SF 8.25$ 269,651.25$ Ceiling finishes 5,000 SF 4.00$ 20,000.00$ Sound absorbing panels 240 SF 16.00$ 3,840.00$ Auditorium seating 300 Ea 205.00$ 61,500.00$

07 CONVEYING SYSTEM $65,000Elevators 1 Ea 65,000.00$ 65,000.00$

08 MECHANICAL $1,277,044Plumbing Fixtures 3 Ea 3,500.00$ 10,500.00$ Domestic Water Distribution 32,685 SF Floor 0.75$ 24,513.75$ Geothermal Pump System 32,685 SF 30.00$ 980,550.00$ Terminal Units 32,685 SF Floor 8.00$ 261,480.00$

Cost Estimate

09 ELECTRICAL $756,083Electrical service/distribution 32,685 SF Floor 3.50$ 114,397.50$ Lighting & Branch Wiring 32,685 SF Floor 9.15$ 299,067.75$ Communications & Security 32,685 SF Floor 3.50$ 114,397.50$ Battery-operated Emergency Lighting 1 Ea 670.00$ 670.00$ Photovoltaic Module 150 Watt, 33 Volt 235 Ea 935.00$ 219,725.00$ DC to AC Photovoltaic Converter 1 Ea 4,075.00$ 4,075.00$ Phtovoltaic System Accessories 1 Ea 3,750.00$ 3,750.00$

11 FIRE PROTECTION $41,250Sprinkler System 33,000 SF Floor 1.25$ 41,250.00$

12 SITEWORK $250,000Site landscape 1 Allow 50,000.00$ 50,000.00$ Site Preparation 1 Allow 100,000.00$ 100,000.00$ Site Improvements 1 Allow 50,000.00$ 50,000.00$ Site Utilities 1 Alllow 50,000.00$ 50,000.00$ INDIRECT COST 5,903,484.00$ $5,903,484General Conditions 10% $590,348 $590,348Fee 5% $295,174 $295,174Contingency 5% $295,174 $295,174TOTAL COST 7,084,181$ $7,084,181

The Wrapper System #2Project Sequencing

Project Sequencing (cont’d)

Cost EstimateItem Description Quantity Unit Unit Price Sub Total

01 FOUNDATION $186,922

Site Excavation & Backfill 3,400 CY 50.00$ 170,000.00$

Dewatering 30 day 75.00$ 2,250.00$ Cast in place continuous footings 16 Ea 917.00$ 14,672.00$

02 SUBSTRUCTURE $47,8958" thick slab on grade, reinforced 9,300 SF 5.15$ 47,895.00$

03 SUPERSTRUCTURE $1,036,939Shear Wall cast in place concrete 260 CY 5.70$ 1,482.00$ Shear Wall rebar 450 Ton 1,025.00$ 461,250.00$ W16x100 structural steel members 825 VLF 165.00$ 136,125.00$ Precast Prestressed Concrete Slab, 6" thick 23,523 SF 7.25$ 170,541.75$ Ground floor walls 2,730 CY 98.00$ 267,540.00$

04 EXTERIOR CLOSURE $1,520,035

Straw bale exterior walls 17,600 SF 45.00$ 792,000.00$

Aluminum Composite Panels 17,650 SF 2.50$ 44,125.00$ Glass Curtain Wall 7,700 SF 87.00$ 669,900.00$ Exterior windows 8 Ea 445.00$ 3,560.00$ Exterior doors 2 Ea 2,075.00$ 4,150.00$ Storefront doors 3 Ea 2,100.00$ 6,300.00$

05 ROOFING & WATERPROOFING $50,740

Waterproofing membrane - 1 layer 10,800 SF 0.70$ 7,560.00$

09 ELECTRICAL $756,083Electrical service/distribution 32,685 SF Floor 3.50$ 114,397.50$ Lighting & Branch Wiring 32,685 SF Floor 9.15$ 299,067.75$ Communications & Security 32,685 SF Floor 3.50$ 114,397.50$ Battery-operated Emergency Lighting 1 Ea 670.00$ 670.00$ Photovoltaic Module 150 Watt, 33 Volt 235 Ea 935.00$ 219,725.00$ DC to AC Photovoltaic Converter 1 Ea 4,075.00$ 4,075.00$ Phtovoltaic System Accessories 1 Ea 3,750.00$ 3,750.00$

11 FIRE PROTECTION $41,250Sprinkler System 33,000 SF Floor 1.25$ 41,250.00$

12 SITEWORK $250,000Site landscape 1 Allow 50,000.00$ 50,000.00$ Site Preparation 1 Allow 100,000.00$ 100,000.00$ Site Improvements 1 Allow 50,000.00$ 50,000.00$ Site Utilities 1 Alllow 50,000.00$ 50,000.00$ INDIRECT COST 6,111,200$ $6,111,200General Conditions 10% $611,120 $611,120Fee 5% $305,560 $305,560Contingency 5% $305,560 $305,560TOTAL COST $7,333,440

Extreme Wrapper ConceptProject Sequencing

Sequencing (cont’d)

Adobe/Space Frame ConceptConstruction Schedule

• Mobilization: 1 week• Surveying, Shore Piling & Excavation: 3-4 weeks• Compaction, Footings, Plinth beams: 2 weeks• Erection of Steel Frame: 1-2 weeks• Concreting of Deck : 6-8 weeks• Exterior & Interior walls: 4-6 weeks• Interior Finishing: 4-6 weeks• Miscellaneous: 2-3 week• Demobilization: 1 week

Total estimated time for construction: 28-32 weeks

Project Cost EstimateItem Description Quantity Unit Unit Price Sub Total

01 FOUNDATION $128,025

Site Excavation & Backfill 1,100 CY 50.00$ 55,000.00$

Dewatering 25 day 75.00$ 1,875.00$ Cast in place column footings 21 Ea 1,650.00$ 34,650.00$ 10 pile cluster precast concrete piles 2 Unit 11,750.00$ 23,500.00$ Recycled Concrete Crusher 1 Ea 13,000.00$ 13,000.00$

02 SUBSTRUCTURE $48,4108" thick slab on grade, reinforced 9,400 SF 5.15$ 48,410.00$

03 SUPERSTRUCTURE $477,224Post-tension concrete slabs 8,000 SF 20.30$ 162,400.00$ Cast in place concrete waffle slab 10,000 SF 14.00$ 140,000.00$ W24x45 structural steel beams 1,750 LF 65.00$ 113,750.00$ W12x79 structural steel columns 810 VLF 75.40$ 61,074.00$

04 EXTERIOR CLOSURE $644,450

Straw bale exterior walls 14,300 SF 40.00$ 572,000.00$

Glass Curtain Wall 300 SF 87.00$ 26,100.00$ Exterior windows 20 Ea 445.00$ 8,900.00$ Exterior doors 14 Ea 2,075.00$ 29,050.00$ Storefront doors 4 Ea 2,100.00$ 8,400.00$

05 ROOFING & WATERPROOFING $70,200Roof coverings 8,500 SF Roof $ 4.00 34,000.00$ Louver Skylight 550 SF 55.00$ 30,250.00$ Waterproofing membrane - 1 layer 8,500 SF 0.70$ 5,950.00$

06 INTERIOR CONSTRUCTION $605,775Partitions 9,000 SF 9.20$ 82,800.00$ Interior doors 14 Ea 225.00$ 3,150.00$ Fittings 18,000 SF Floor 3.25$ 58,500.00$ Stair Construction 1 Ea 4,000.00$ 4,000.00$

Wall finishes 12,500 SF 6.75$ 84,375.00$

Floor finishes 25,000 SF 8.25$ 206,250.00$ Ceiling finishes 12,000 SF 4.00$ 48,000.00$ Railings 400 LF 95.00$ 38,000.00$ Sound absorbing panels 1,200 SF 16.00$ 19,200.00$ Auditorium seating 300 Ea 205.00$ 61,500.00$

Cost Estimate (cont’d)07 CONVEYING SYSTEM $80,000

Elevators 1 Ea 80,000.00$ 80,000.00$ 08 MECHANICAL $1,783,000

Plumbing Fixtures 3 Ea 3,500.00$ 10,500.00$ Domestic Water Distribution 30,000 SF Floor 0.75$ 22,500.00$ Geothermal Pump System 22,000 SF 55.00$ 1,210,000.00$ Terminal Units 30,000 SF Floor 18.00$ 540,000.00$

09 ELECTRICAL $577,717Electrical service/distribution 34,480 SF Floor 3.50$ 120,680.00$ Lighting & Branch Wiring 34,480 SF Floor 9.15$ 315,492.00$ Communications & Security 30,000 SF Floor 3.50$ 105,000.00$ Battery-operated Emergency Lighting 1 Ea 670.00$ 670.00$ Photovoltaic Module 150 Watt, 33 Volt 30 Ea 935.00$ 28,050.00$ DC to AC Photovoltaic Converter 1 Ea 4,075.00$ 4,075.00$ Phtovoltaic System Accessories 1 Ea 3,750.00$ 3,750.00$

11 FIRE PROTECTION $43,100Sprinkler System 34,480 SF Floor 1.25$ 43,100.00$

12 SITEWORK $180,000Site landscape 1 Allow 50,000.00$ 50,000.00$ Site Preparation 1 Allow 50,000.00$ 50,000.00$ Site Improvements 1 Allow 50,000.00$ 30,000.00$ Site Utilities 1 Alllow 50,000.00$ 50,000.00$ INDIRECT COST 4,637,901.00$ $4,637,901General Conditions 10% $463,790 $463,790Fee 5% $231,895 $231,895Contingency 5% $231,895 $231,895TOTAL COST $5,565,481 $5,565,481

Job Site Layout

Location of Crane

Barricade erected around the Job site

Exit

Trailer

Shed for straw bale storage

Rest RoomsSecurity Office

Geo thermal vertical loop boring

Access for Trucks

Security Office

Cactus

Green Building

• Geothermal Pump System

• Straw bale

• Photovoltaic Modules

• Energy Efficient Elevator

• Concrete Recycling