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Exploring Poetry
Basic Question: What is poetry?
• A type of literature that expresses ideas, feelings, or tells a story in a specific form (usually using lines and stanzas). Here are some types of stanzas:
Couplet a two line stanza
Triplet (Tercet) a three line stanza
Quatrain a four line stanza
Quintet a five line stanza
Sestet (Sextet) a six line stanza
Septet a seven line stanza
Octave an eight line stanza
Sound devices used in poetry
• Rhythm-- The beat created by the sounds of the words in a poem; this can be achieved by using alliteration (light/lemon), assonance (vowel rhyme date/fade) consonance (milk/walk the ending consonants rhyme but the vowels at the beginning don’t)
• Meter – pattern of stressed/unstressed syllables; the order can also be unstressed/stressed; there are specific terms for the type of feet the poet is using.• Iambic-- unstressed/stressed Dactyllic – stressed, unstressed, unstressed
• Trochaic – stressed/unstressed Anapestic- unstressed, unstressed, stressed
• Spondaic – stressed, stressed
Sound devices (con’t.)
• Metrical Line terms:
monometer one foot on a line dimeter two feet on a line trimeter three feet on a line tetrameter four feet on a line pentameter five feet on a line hexameter six feet on a line heptameter seven feet on a line octometer eight feet on a line
• To find your metrical line in a poem you have to use some math….count up the syllables in the line then divide that number by 2. This will give you your meter…
• Let’s try an example together….
Cowards die many times before their deaths;
The valiant never taste of death but once.
Types of Poetry
• Narrative – as in fiction, a narrative poem tells a story with characters, plot, and a setting
• There are two specific types of narratives; an epic (The Illiad) and a ballad which is like a song
• Dramatic – tells a story using a character’s own thoughts or spoken statements; think a dramatic monologue such as Hamlet’s
• Lyric– express feelings of a single speaker and is the most common type of poem
Types of Poetry (con’t.)
• Poems are also categorized by their structure, or form; here are a few types
• Haiku – three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables; the Tanka has five unrhymed lines of five, seven, five, seven, and seven syllables. Both use imagery to convey a single vivid emotion.
• Free verse- has no set rhythm or rhyme and sounds like normal speech
• Sonnet – 14 line lyric poem with formal patterns of rhyme, rhythm, and structure; there are two types Shakespearean and Petrarchean
Homework Assignment
• 1st two pages from your packet
• Due Monday