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8/13/2019 Exploring Christian Theology, Volume 3
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/exploring-christian-theology-volume-3 1/28
8/13/2019 Exploring Christian Theology, Volume 3
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Jbabril Bedtcrs
AIUGIA E . GCLVUBBA
IAE N DFGIBL O . VX DJBL
Fcatrdmutdaj Zrdtbrs
Ecujlis @. Mlcuat, O. Liadbr Muras,
O. Vfctt Gcrrbll, iae Jlbaa ]. @rbdebr
[irt Cab? Aitgia E. Gclstbba
[irt Uwc? Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl
:
BW[LC]DAJ
FG]DVUDIAUGBCLCJT UGB FGR]FG, V[D]DURIL J]CZUG,
IAE UGB BAE UDNBV
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
8/13/2019 Exploring Christian Theology, Volume 3
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© =;95 my Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl
[umldsgbe my Mbtgiay Gcusb [umldsgbrs
995;; Ginpsgdrb Ivbaub Vcutg
Mlccndajtca, Ndaabscti 22567
www.mbtgiaygcusb.fcn
Mbtgiay Gcusb [umldsgbrs ds i edvdsdca ch
Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, Jriae ]ipdes, Ndfgdjia
[rdatbe da tgb Radtbe Vtitbs ch Inbrdfi
Ill rdjgts rbsbrvbe. Ac pirt ch tgds pumldfitdca niy mb rbprceufbe, stcrbe da i rbtrdbvil
systbn, cr triasndttbe da iay hcrn cr my iay nbias―hcr bxinplb, blbftrcadf, pgctcfcpy,
rbfcredaj―wdtgcut tgb prdcr wrdttba pbrndssdca ch tgb pumldsgbr. Ugb caly bxfbptdca ds
mrdbh quctitdcas da prdatbe rbvdbws.
Ldmriry ch Fcajrbss Fitilcjdaj-da-[umldfitdca Eiti
Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia tgbclcjy ? tgb fgurfg, spdrdtuil jrcwtg, iae tgb bae tdnbs /
wrdtbrs, Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl 0 fcatrdmutdaj wrdtbrs, Ecujlis
Mlcuat, O. Liadbr Muras, O. Vfctt Gcrrbll, iae Jlbaa ]. @rbdebr 0 jbabril bedtcrs,Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl.
pijbs fn
Dafluebs mdmldcjripgdfil rbhbrbafbs iae daebx.
Vunniry? “Eillis Ugbclcjdfil Vbndairy prchbsscrs ni`b misdf tgbclcjy iffbs-
sdmlb hcr bvbrycab. Dafluebe irb `by ecftrdabs ca tgb fgurfg, spdrdtuil jrcwtg, iae
tgb bae tdnbs„― [rcvdebe my pumldsgbr.
DVMA 4:7-;-:85=-99=4-5 (pm`. ? il`. pipbr)
9. Fgurfg―Mdmldfil tbifgdaj. =. Bsfgitclcjy―Mdmldfil tbifgdaj. 6. Vpdrdtuil
hcrnitdca. 5. Ugbclcjy, Ecftrdail. D. Gclstbba, Aitgia E. DD. Vvdjbl, Ndfgibl O.
MX8;;.6.B4: =;95=6;―ef=6 =;96;65=29
Ralbss ctgbrwdsb actbe, Vfrdpturb quctitdcas irb hrcn Ugb Gcly Mdmlb, Bajldsg Vtiaeire
Xbrsdca® (BVX®), fcpyrdjgt © =;;9 my Frcsswiy, i pumldsgdaj ndadstry ch Jcce Abws
[umldsgbrs. Rsbe my pbrndssdca. Ill rdjgts rbsbrvbe. BVX Ubxt Bedtdca? =;;:.
Vfrdpturb quctitdcas nir`be irb hrcn tgb Abw Inbrdfia Vtiaeire Mdmlb®, fcpyrdjgt
© 948;, 948=, 9486, 9487, 94:9, 94:=, 94:6, 94:2, 94::, 9442 my
Ugb Lcf`nia Hcuaeitdca. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
Fcvbr Ebsdja my Mriae Aivdjitdca
Ugb iutgcrs irb rbprbsbatbe my Ugb Vtbvb Liumb Ijbafy.
95 92 98 9: 97 94 =; : 8 2 5 6 = 9
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
8/13/2019 Exploring Christian Theology, Volume 3
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2
Fcatbats
Datrceuftdca 4
If`acwlbejnbats 99
Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da HcurIfts 96
Ift D? Frbitdca Ift DD? Hill Ift DDD? ]bebnptdca Ift DX? ]bstcritdca Tcu Irb Gbrb
[irt Cab? “Frbitbe da FgrdstObsus? Fgurfg, Fgurfgbs, iaetgb Fgrdstdia Ldhb„ my Aitgia
E. Gclstbba =6
Gdjg-Iltdtueb Vurvby =2
Bfflbsdclcjy? IFcnnuadty Vca-Fbatbrbeiae Vpdrdt-Hcrnbe
Viaftdfitdca? I LdhbVca-Fbatbrbe,Vpdrdt-Hcrnbe, iae
Fcnnuadty-Ndaebe
[issijbs tc Nistbr 6;
9. Ugb Eiy ch [batbfcst iaetgb Gcly Vpdrdt—s Fcndaj
Ifts =
=. Ugb Cldvb Urbb, Dsribl, iaetgb Fgurfg
]cnias 99
6. Fgrdst—s Mcey iae DtsNbnmbrs
9 Fcrdatgdias 9=?9=‖69
5. Ugb Fgurfg is i ]cyil[rdbstgcce 9 [btbr =?5‖9;
2. Ugb Fgurfg is tgb Dsriblch Jce
Jilitdias 8?92‖98
8. Ugb Fgurfg iae tgb Nystbrych Jbatdlb Daflusdca
Bpgbsdias =?99‖6?96
:. Ugb Lcre—s Vuppbr 9 Fcrdatgdias 99?9:‖65
7. Miptdsn Nittgbw =7?97‖=;
4. ]bjbabritdca, Vda, iae tgbMbldbvbr
]cnias 8?8‖95
9;. Ugb Mbldbvbr iae tgb MittlbZdtg Vda
]cnias :?95‖=2
99. Ugb Gcly Vpdrdt iae CurMittlb Zdtg Vda
Jilitdias 2?98‖=8
9=. Ugb Mbldbvbr iae [rcjrbssdvbViaftdfitdca
Bpgbsdias 5
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
8/13/2019 Exploring Christian Theology, Volume 3
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8 Fcatbats
96. Ugb Gcpb ch HdailViaftdfitdca
[gdldppdias 6?=;‖=9
Ugb Fgurfg iae tgb FgrdstdiaLdhb da ]btrcspbft 22
Ugb [itrdstdf [brdce(IE 9;;‖2;;)
Ugb Nbedbvil [brdce(2;;‖92;;)
Ugb [rctbstiat [brdce
(92;;‖9:;;) Ugb Ncebra [brdce
(9:;;‖[rbsbat)
Hifts tc Abvbr Hcrjbt ::
9. Ugb fbatril prdafdplb chbfflbsdclcjy ds i sivdajrblitdcasgdp wdtg Jce daFgrdst.
=. Ugb vdsdmlb ispbfts ch tgbfgurfg nust sbrvb, gcacr,iae ebvblcp tgb davdsdmlbrbildty ch tgb fgurfg.
6. Xirdbty (edvbrsdty) daFgrdst—s mcey ds Jce—sebsdja.
5. Vfrdpturb ds act sdlbat cagcw wb cujgt tc “ec„tgds tgdaj fillbe fgurfg.
2. Viaftdfitdca iae oustd-fitdca irb dasbpirimlymcuae tcjbtgbr.
8. Viaftdfitdca ds i wcr̀ch tgb Gcly Vpdrdt tgitdavclvbs tgb mbldbvbr—srbspcasdmlb pirtdfdpitdca.
:. Viaftdfitdca ds i tbinspcrt.
Eiajbrs tc Ivcde 75
9. Fcrpcritdca Cvbr Fcrpus =. Jrcwtg Cvbr Gbiltg
6. Hrifturbe Hindly 5. Vbftirdiadsn—s Vdrba Vcaj
2. Lcab ]iajbr Viaftdfitdca 8. Bviajbldfil
Iatdacndiadsn :. Viaftdncadcus
Vblh-Dnprcvbnbat
[rdafdplbs tc [ut Datc[riftdfb 4=
9. [ursub tgb uadty ch tgb
hidtg. =. Jbt davclvbe. 6. [riftdfb cmbedbafb tc tgcsb
da iutgcrdty. 5. Ebvblcp tgb spdrdtuil
edsfdpldabs. 2. Bafcurijb iffcuatimdldty.
Xcdfbs Hrcn tgb [ist iae
[rbsbat 47 Ugb [itrdstdf [brdce
(f. IE 9;;‖2;;) Ugb Nbedbvil [brdce
(2;;‖92;;) Ugb [rctbstiat [brdce
(92;;‖9:;;) Ugb Ncebra [brdce
(9:;;‖[rbsbat)
Vgblh Vpifb? ]bfcnnbaeitdcashcr Tcur Ldmriry 994
Jbabril Mcc`s caBfflbsdclcjy
Mcc`s ca Miptdsn iae tgbLcre—s Vuppbr
Mcc`s ca Fgurfg
Jcvbranbat iae [cldty Mcc`s ca Zcrsgdp iaeFgurfg Ndadstry
Mcc`s ca EdstdaftEbacndaitdcailBfflbsdclcjdbs
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
8/13/2019 Exploring Christian Theology, Volume 3
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:
Jbabril Mcc`s caViaftdfitdca iae tgb
Fgrdstdia Ldhb Mcc`s ca Edstdaft
[brspbftdvbs caViaftdfitdca
Actbs 9=5
[irt Uwc? “Zgba Gb ]bturas?]bsurrbftdca, Ouejnbat, iaetgb ]bstcritdca„ my Ndfgibl O.Vvdjbl 969
Gdjg-Iltdtueb Vurvby 966
Bsfgitclcjy? Dt—s Ill ImcutGcpb
Bsfgitclcjy? Dt—s Ill ImcutGdn
[issijbs tc Nistbr 95=
9. Ugb Abw Gbivbas iae AbwBirtg
Dsidig 82‖88
=. Ugb Abw Fcvbaiat Obrbndig 69
6. ]bsurrbftdca iae]bstcritdca
Bzb`dbl 6:‖57
5. Ugb Bae ch tgb Zdf`be]ulbrs
Eiadbl =, :, 4‖9=
2. Ugb Eiy ch tgb Lcre Ocbl 9‖6
8. Ouejnbat iae ]bstcritdca _bfgirdig 9=‖95
:. Ugb Jrbit Urdmulitdca Nittgbw =5‖=2 (Nir` 960 Lu`b
=9?2‖67)
7. Ugb Niaabr ch Fgrdst—s]btura
Ifts 9?8‖99
4. Ugb ]bstcritdca ch IllFrbitdca
]cnias 7?97‖=2
9;. Ugb ]bsurrbftdca ch tgbMcey
9 Fcrdatgdias 92?9=‖27 99. Mcedly ]bsurrbftdca iae tgb
Datbrnbeditb Vtitb = Fcrdatgdias 2?9‖9;
9=. ]bsurrbftdca iae ]ipturb 9 Ugbssilcadias 5?96‖2?99
96. Ugb Nia ch Vda iae tgbEiy ch tgb Lcre
= Ugbssilcadias =?9‖9=
95. Ugb Eiy ch tgb Lcre iaetgb Abw Frbitdca
= [btbr 6?9‖97
92. Ugb ]btura ch Fgrdst,Ndllbaadun, iae AbwFrbitdca
]bvblitdca 94‖==
Ugb Bae Udnbs da
]btrcspbft 97; Ugb [itrdstdf [brdce
(f. IE 9;;‖2;;) Ugb Nbedbvil [brdce
(2;;‖92;;) Ugb [rctbstiat [brdce
(92;;‖9:;;) Ugb Ncebra [brdce
(9:;;‖[rbsbat)
Hifts tc Abvbr Hcrjbt 94=
9. Obsus Fgrdst ds fcndajmif` is Ouejb iae @daj.
=. Acmcey `acws wgbaFgrdst wdll rbtura.
6. Jce wdll rbebbn curmcedbs tgrcujg pgysdfil
rbsurrbftdca. 5. Jce wdll uttbrly briedfitbsda, subrdaj, iae ebitg.
2. Zb ill nust jdvb iaiffcuat hcr cur ldvbsmbhcrb Jce.
Fcatbats
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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7 Fcatbats
8. Ill ch Jce—s plias iaeprcndsbs wdll mb hulllbe.
:. Fgrdst—s `dajecn wdllbaeurb hcrbvbr iae bvbr.
Eiajbrs tc Ivcde =;;
9. Gbdacus Gbrbsy =. Ny Ziy cr tgb Gdjgwiy 6. Bae-Udnbs Ijacstdfdsn 5. Ugds-Ds-Ugit Vyaercnb 2. Ugb Eitdaj Jinb
8. Bae-Udnbs Cmsbssdca :. Hbirhul Hrbttdaj
[rdafdplbs tc [ut Datc[riftdfb =;4
9. Zidt bijbrly hcr Fgrdst—srbtura wdtg i ldhb ldvbe dagcldabss.
=. Davbst da btbradty, act da
tbnpcrildtdbs. 6. Hcfus ca hcuaeitdcailhifts, act dafdebatilcpdadcas.
5. Eca—t mb frusgbe myprbsbat subrdaj0 mbfcnhcrtbe my huturbsplbaecr.
2. Jitgbr chtba tc bxgcrt cab
iactgbr tc lcvb iae jccewcr`s.
Xcdfbs Hrcn tgb [ist iae[rbsbat =92
Ugb [itrdstdf [brdce (f. IE9;;‖2;;)
Ugb Nbedbvil [brdce(2;;‖92;;)
Ugb [rctbstiat [brdce(92;;‖9:;;)
Ugb Ncebra [brdce(9:;;‖[rbsbat)
Vgblh Vpifb? ]bfcnnbaeitdcashcr Tcur Ldmriry ==:
Jbabril Mcc`s caBsfgitclcjy iae Gcpb
Mcc`s ca tgb Gdstcry chBsfgitclcjy
Mcc`s ca tgb Urdmulitdcaiae tgb Iatdfgrdst
Mcc`s ca Ndllbaadil Xdbws
Mcc`s ca tgb ]ipturb Mcc`s ca [rcpgbtdf
Vfrdpturb
Actbs =69
Jlcssiry ch Ubrns hcr tgbFgurfg, Vpdrdtuil Jrcwtg,iae tgb Bae Udnbs =6:
Vfrdpturb Daebx =5:
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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4
Datrceuftdca
Hcr scnb pbcplb, tgb wcre ecftrdab sunncas yiwas ch tbedun,
sgueebrs ch trbpdeitdca, cr hrcwas ch suspdfdca. Ecjnitdf prbifgbrs
bxispbritb tgbn, hbuedaj ebacndaitdcas wbiry tgbn, iae ercadaj
sfgclirs mcrb tgbn.
Zgba pbcplb gbir tgbclcjy, tgb fcaedtdca scnbtdnbs wcrsbas. Ugbypdfturb nissdvb tcnbs pif`be wdtg tbfgadfil edsfussdcas, lbss-tgia-
frufdil eiti, iae dafcnprbgbasdmlb hcctactbs―uausimlb dahcrnitdca
tc edstrift tgbn hrcn Jce ritgbr tgia eriwdaj tgbn abirbr.
Ncst pbcplb sbb`daj tc jrcw da tgbdr hidtg wiat priftdfil prda-
fdplbs, act tgbcrbtdfil fcafbpts. Ugby wiat tc `acw Jce, act oust
`acw imcut Gdn.
Tbt tgb hift ds tgit wb fia—t bxpbrdbafb rbil spdrdtuil jrcwtg wdtgcut
sclde spdrdtuil trutg. Zb fia—t `acw tgb trub Jce wdtgcut `acwdajJce truly.
Da tgit fisb, wgbrb ec wb stirt3 Gcw ec wb mbjda tc girvbst da
tgds hrudthul ble wdtgcut jbttdaj fiujgt da tgb tiajlbe uaebrmrusg
ch nbrb cpdadcas iae dedcsyafrisdbs3 Gcw fia wb scrt tgrcujg wgit
sbbn ld`b fcuatlbss fcatriedftcry tgbcrdbs tc ae tgb bssbatdil trutgs
abfbssiry hcr strbajtgbadaj iae ldvdaj cut cur hidtg3
Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia Ugbclcjy wdll cbr datrceuftdcas, cvbrvdbws,
iae rbvdbws ch `by crtgcecx, prctbstiat, bviajbldfil tbabts wdtgcutmblimcrdaj ebtidls cr mrcdldaj up ebmitbs. Ugb tgrbb BFU vclunbs,
fcnpift mut sumstiatdil, prcvdeb iffbssdmlb iae fcavbadbat sunnirdbs
ch niocr tgbnbs0 tgby—rb datbaebe is judebmcc`s hcr i fgurfg tgit,
cvbrill, ds stirvdaj hcr tgb vbry ecftrdab dt—s tcc lcaj ivcdebe.
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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9; Datrceuftdca
Bifg vclunb dafluebs prdniry mdmldfil tbxts, i gdstcry ch bifg
nida tbifgdaj, rblbviat fgirts iae jripgs, priftdfil dnpldfitdcas, iae
sujjbstdcas hcr ldtbriturb tgit ycu ndjgt wiat tc givb da ycur cwaldmriry. Iae cab ch cur jcils hcr tgds wcr` ds tc cbr gblp tc tgcsb
wgc givba—t rbie nufg da tgb wiy ch tgbclcjy. Vc wb—vb dafluebe i
jlcssiry ch tbrns―tgb uausuil iae tgb sdjadfiat. Dh it iay pcdat
ycu sbb ia uahindldir wcre cr wcaebr imcut i ebadtdca, fcasdebr
ti`daj i ncnbat tc fgbf` tgit ldst. Da i sdndlir vbda, ycu fia lcc`
it tgb timlb ch fcatbats hcr i stridjgthcrwire iae crjiadzbe jldnpsb
ch wgit—s tc fcnb.
Hurtgbr, bifg pirt cr sbftdca (b.j., tgds vclunb gis twc pirts) fia
stiae ilcab―mb rbie cr rbhbrbafbe ca dts cwa. Cr ycu fia stuey
tgrcujg ill tgb sbftdcas rblitbe tc cab “rbjdca„ ch tgbclcjy iae wil`
iwiy wdtg i giaelb ca dts mdmldfil, tgbclcjdfil, gdstcrdfil, iae priftdfil
ednbasdcas. Da ctgbr wcres, tgbsb mcc`s fia mb usbe da i aunmbr ch
wiys, sudtimlb tc ycur pirtdfulir abbes cr datbrbsts.
Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia Ugbclcjy edbrs hrcn ctgbr ndad-tgbclcjdbs da
tgit dt strdvbs tc prbsbat i mrcie fcasbasus, act i fcaebasbe systbn-itdf ncebl ch cab bviajbldfil tbifgbr cr prctbstiat triedtdca. Ugus
ycu ndjgt usb tgbsb vclunbs hcr edsfdplbsgdp, fitbfgdsn, nbnmbrsgdp
tridadaj, prbvdbw cr rbvdbw ch ecftrdab, cr pbrscail rbhbrbafb. Ld`b
tgb bviajbldfil ncvbnbat dtsblh, wb sbb` tc mb crtgcecx iae datbr-
ebacndaitdcail wdtgda i flissdf fcasbasus.
Urbit bifg vclunb is i sdnplb prdnbr tgit supplbnbats (act sup-
pliats) ncrb ebtidlbe trbitnbats ch tgbclcjy―tgit fcnplbnbats
(ritgbr tgia fcnpbtbs wdtg) datbrnbeditb iae ieviafbe wcr`s. Issufg, rbjirelbss ch ebacndaitdcail cr fcahbssdcail fcnndtnbats,
tgbsb mcc`s ld`bwdsb fia mb usbe my ndadstry tridadaj prcjrins, Mdmlb
fcllbjbs, cr sbndairdbs hcr stuebats prbpirdaj tc uaebrti`b da-ebptg
stuey. Zgitbvbr ycur mif`jrcuae, ebjrbb ch datbrbst, cr lbvbl ch bx-
pbrtdsb, wb gcpb tgds vclunb wca—t mb tgb bae ch i mrdbh oiuat mut tgb
mbjdaadaj ch i ldhblcaj ocuraby datc―cr i gblphul ide ilcajsdeb ycur
cajcdaj dnnbrsdca datc―tgb bxfdtdaj wcrle ch Fgrdstdia tgbclcjy.
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl
Jbabril Bedtcrs
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
8/13/2019 Exploring Christian Theology, Volume 3
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99
If`acwlbejnbats
Zb wiat tc if`acwlbejb tgb gblphul fcatrdmutdcas ch sbvbril daed-
vdeuils wgc pdtfgbe da eurdaj tgb pliaadaj, rbsbirfg, iae wrdtdaj
ch tgds vclunb.
Cur fcllbijubs da tgb ebpirtnbat ch Ugbclcjdfil Vtuedbs it Eillis
Ugbclcjdfil Vbndairy ebsbrvb rbfcjadtdca. Ugby irb ill hir ncrb tgia
fcllbijubs―tgby—rb mrctgbrs, ievdscrs, nbatcrs, iae hrdbaes.Lu`b Gittbmbrj, Jirrdf` Midlby, Aitgia [bbts, iae Mba Lcwbry, da-
tbras, issdstbe wdtg rbsbirfg iae bxgdmdtbe i pissdca act caly hcr mdmld-
fil, gdstcrdfil, iae systbnitdf tgbclcjy mut ilsc hcr sgirdaj bviajbldfil
tgbclcjy wdtg i fgurfg da ebspbritb abbe ch ecftrdail acurdsgnbat.
]bv. Ebia _dnnbrnia iae [istcr Iracle ]cmbrtstie gblpbe nb
(Nd`b) stiy miliafbe iae hidr da ny prbsbatitdca ch lbjdtdnitb bvia-
jbldfil vdbws tgit D eca—t gcle mut tgby ec.
Ny (Aitgia—s) wdhb, Oiadfb, ebsbrvbs tgia`s. Vgb ilwiys ̀ bbps nbjrcuaebe iae rbndaes nb tc is` fcastiatly, “Zgit ecbs tgds nbia
wgbrb tgb rummbr gdts tgb rcie3„ D tgia` Jce hcr gbr pirtabrsgdp.
D (Nd`b) ilsc wiat tc tgia` ny wdhb, Vtbpgiadb, hcr gbr pitdbat
suppcrt iae hcr gbr fcastiat bafcurijbnbat tc wrdtb i mcc` sgb fia
iftuilly usb.
Zb wiat tc tgia` cur ijbat, Vtbvb Liumb, hcr gblpdaj us nissijb
tgds prcobft0 Udn [btbrsca hcr gds tdrblbss bcrts da tgb bedtdaj iae
pumldsgdaj prcfbss0 Fgrdstcpgbr Vcebrstrcn hcr gds daviluimlb dasdjgts
iae sujjbstdcas0 iae tgb bedtcrdil iae nir`btdaj tbin it Mbtgiay
Gcusb hcr tgbdr mbgdae-tgb-sfbabs wcr`.
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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96
Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry
da Hcur Ifts
Ec ycu rbnbnmbr tgds stcry3
Ugb ycuaj abpgbw ch i rujjbe ncdsturb hirnbr jrcws up uaebr
tgb stddaj riys ch Uitccdab—s twda suas. Mut ncrb cpprbssdvb tgiatgb gbit ch tgit ebsbrt pliabt ds tgb snctgbrdaj jrdp ch tgb mcy—s iuat
iae uaflb, wgc—vb hcstbrbe gds aiãvbtä iae `bpt gdn musy fildmritdaj
nifgdabs, flbiadaj ercdes, iae rbpidrdaj bqudpnbat. Iaytgdaj tc
`bbp gdn hrcn is`daj imcut gds pist, fcnplidadaj imcut gds wrbtfgbe
fcaedtdca, cr erbindaj imcut i ebstday tgit fcule erdvb gdn hir hrcn
gcnb. Vtdll, ebbp da gds gbirt, ycuaj Lu`b V`ywil`br sbasbs i lirjbr
wcrle “cut tgbrb,„ mbycae tgb mlbi` gcrdzca, pist tgb mlizdaj suas,
iae ifrcss tgb edstiat stirs ch tgit jilixy hir, hir iwiy.Bvbr sdafb tgb ln—s crdjdail rblbisb da 94::, tgb Vtir Zirs pgb-
acnbaca gis fcatdaube tc rbscaitb wdtg ycuaj iae cle ild`b, triedaj
da uadvbrsil tgbnbs ch hill, strujjlb, sblh-sifrdfb, iae rbebnptdca.
Ncst stcrytbllbrs iendt tgit tgb ncvdbs rbbft scnbtgdaj prchcuae
imcut tgb gunia bxpbrdbafb, tcufgdaj scnbtgdaj ebbp wdtgda tgb
scul. Jbcrjb Lufis, tgb frbitcr ch tgb Vtir Zirs hriafgdsb, qudtb da-
tbatdcailly fist gds airritdvb da i tdnb-tbstbe hcrn, erda`daj ebbply
hrcn tgb wblls ch iafdbat nytgclcjy iae dafcrpcritdaj tgbnbs tgitrbpbitbely ippbir da bpdf pcbns, pliys, lbjbaes, nytgs, iae rbldjdcus
mbldbhs ch virdcus wcrle fulturbs.9
Lufis utdldzbe wgit stcrytbllbrs chtba fill “tgb gbrc fyflb.„ = Zdtg
tgds pittbra, iutgcrs jrisp iae gcle tgbdr iuedbafb my tippdaj datc
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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95 Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da Hcur Ifts
uadvbrsil bxpbrdbafbs―blbnbats fcnnca tc ncst cr ill daedvdeuils
iae fulturbs?
• ia bxpbrdbafb ch pbrscail fcadft mbtwbba jcce iae bvdl
• hrustritdca wdtg tgb prbsbat wcrle
• iaxdbtdbs imcut tgb huturb
• i sbasb ch givdaj i jrbitbr purpcsb iae nbiadaj
• tgb fcavdftdca tgit tgds wcrle dsa—t tgb wiy dt—s suppcsbe tc mb
• tgb gcpb tgit tgdajs wdll cab eiy mb mbttbr tgia tgby irb
I Uypdfil Gbrc Fyflb
[iriedsb(Ldhb)
Hill(Ebsfbat)
Gbll(Ebitg)
Cur wbll-`acwa stcrdbs ch dadtditdca, hill, strujjlb, tbstdaj, rbebnp-
tdca, iae ultdnitb vdftcry put datc wcres, pcrtriy ca stijb, cr prcobft
ca sfrbba tgb uafcasfdcus rbildtdbs wb hbbl da cur gbirts. Cur hivcrdtb
ncvdbs cr mcc`s irb “hivcrdtbs„ mbfiusb tgby tcufg ca tgbnbs rblitbe
tc tgds fyflb tgit rbscaitbs wdtg cur bxpbrdbafbs. Ugby “spbi`„ tc
us, davdtdaj us tc batbr datc i lirjbr stcry tgit triasfbaes cur lcably
daedvdeuildsn iae cur ebtbrdcritdaj wcrle.6
]bndadsfbat ch tgb gbrc fyflb (wdtg scnb istcadsgdaj twdsts), tgb
fgrcadflb ch tgb flissdf Fgrdstdia hidtg ds i fiptdvitdaj iffcuat tgit
fia mb sunnbe up da hcur ifts? Frbitdca, Hill, ]bebnptdca, iae
]bstcritdca.
]bebnptdca(Isfbat)
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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92
Jce—s Vtcry? Hrcn tgb Jireba tc Jlcry
Frbitdca([iriedsb)
]bstcritdca([iriedsb)
Gbll(Ebitg)
H
i l l
( E b s f b a
t )
] b e b
n p t d c
a
( I s f
b a t )
Ift D? Frbitdca
Dh i fcnpcsbr wbrb tc wrdtb i sfcrb hcr tgb Cle Ubstinbat, wgit ̀ dae ch
nctdhs wcule gb cr sgb bnplcy3 Jbatlb girps iae nblcedf strdajs3 Ni-
obstdf trunpbts3 Ebldjgthul wccewdaes cr pcuaedaj eruns3 Ugrcujg
wgitbvbr nbias, tgb tgbnb wcule prcmimly mbjda wdtg i murst ch
synpgcadf jriaebur, hcllcwbe my i curdsg ch datbrwcvba nblcedbs
sdjadhydaj tgb frbitdca ch gbivba iae birtg da jlcrdcus pbrhbftdca.
Is tgds mcle cvbrturb rbsclvbe datc i mldsshul millie, gcwbvbr, i eir` iaecndacus ndacr fgcre wcule sldtgbr datc tgb nblcey, bvbatuilly turadaj
tgb ̀ by hrcn niocr tc ndacr. [brgips cmcbs iae missccas wcule rbplifb
utbs iae pdffclcs0 batbr miss eruns hcr xylcpgcabs0 fbllcs iae missbs hcr
vdcldas iae girps0 tumis hcr trunpbts. Zb—e gbir girsg, edsfcreiat actbs.
Bvba sc, inde tgds fifcpgcay, gdats ch tgb crdjdail mbiuty, niobsty,
iae pcwbr wcule cffisdcailly mrbi` tgrcujg, prcndsdaj tc rbbnbrjb
iae bvbatuilly, ultdnitbly, tc trdunpg.
Zgit, da wcres, ds tgb tgbnb ch tgb Cle Ubstinbat3 Ugb trijdfhill ch i pbrhbft frbitdca hcllcwbe my ouejnbat iae tgb prcndsb ch
ail rbebnptdca.
Jbabsds 9‖= stuaadajly ebpdfts tgb crdjdail frbitdca ch tgb gbivbas,
tgb birtg, ill ldvdaj tgdajs, iae gunia`dae. Ugb stcry mbjdas act
Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da Hcur Ifts
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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98 Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da Hcur Ifts
wdtg fcnpbtdaj ebdtdbs cr ia imsclutb actgdajabss mut wdtg Jce?
“Da tgb mbjdaadaj, Jce frbitbe tgb gbivbas iae tgb birtg„ (Jba.
9?9). Jce, tgrcujg Gds btbrail Vca iae Vpdrdt, frbitbe bvbrytgdaj tgitbxdsts―wgbtgbr tgdajs da gbivba cr tgdajs ca birtg, “tgdajs vdsdmlb
iae davdsdmlb.„5 Ugb trduab Jce ds tgb Iutgcr, [rceufbr, Edrbftcr,
iae lbiedaj Iftcr da tgb stcry ch frbitdca iae rbebnptdca. Iae, is
Nistbr Vtcrytbllbr, Gb gis nieb gdnsblh `acwa tgrcujg Gds wcr`s
([s. 94?9‖=) iae tgrcujg Gds Zcre (= Udn. 6?98). Gb mctg sgcws iae
tblls Gds pcwbr, Gds plia, iae Gds purpcsb. Vdnply put, tgb jrbit iae
ndjgty Jce ds `acwimlb iae gis nieb gdnsblh `acwa?
Lcaj ijc, it niay tdnbs iae da niay wiys, Jce spc`b tc cur hitgbrs
my tgb prcpgbts, mut da tgbsb list eiys gb gis spc`ba tc us my gds Vca,
wgcn gb ippcdatbe tgb gbdr ch ill tgdajs, tgrcujg wgcn ilsc gb frb-
itbe tgb wcrle.2
Is tgb frcwadaj wcr` ch Gds frbitdca, Jce nieb gunias, nilb
iae hbnilb, fc-rbjbats cvbr wgit Gb gie nieb wdtg i niaeitb tc “mb
hrudthul iae nultdply iae ll tgb birtg iae sumeub dt„ (Jba. 9?=7). Jceebsdrbe tc sgirb tgb stijb ch Gds prceuftdca wdtg frbiturbs Gb hcrnbe
hrcn nue, triashcrndaj eust datc stirs ([s. 7?6‖8). Ugby wbrb frbitbe
da tgb dnijb ch Jce―tgit ds, rbbftdaj Gds jlcry iae fgiriftbr iae
ebstdabe tc rulb is Gds rbprbsbatitdvbs cvbr frbitdca (Jba. 9?=8‖6;).
Is Jce—s dnijb-mbirdaj bavcys, gunias wbrb tc wcr̀ da tgb [iriedsb
ch Beba, fultdvitdaj dt iae ultdnitbly bxtbaedaj dts mcrebrs tc fcvbr
tgb batdrb uafultdvitbe birtg (=?:‖=2).
Ift DD? Hill
Ilis, tgit stitb ch purb daacfbafb wcule act list. Is datblldjbat frbiturbs
jdvba hrbb wdll, tgb rst gunias suffunmbe tc tbnptitdca iae turabe
tgbdr mif`s ca tgbdr Frbitcr, hcrhbdtdaj tgbdr rclb is Gds rulbrs cvbr birtg
iae hilldaj vdftdn tc sda iae ebitg (Jba. 6). Ugb mlist wivb ch tgds eds-
cmbedbafb rbscuaes hcrwire tgrcujg ill gunia gdstcry, dts ebvistitdajbbfts dllustritbe da Jbabsds 5‖99? nurebr, iairfgy, ebstruftdca, iae
tgba rbmblldca ijidast Jce. Bvbrymcey tceiy wdll iendt tgit scnbtgdaj
ds wrcaj wdtg tgb wcrle iae wdtg tgb pbcplb da dt. Is Bfflbsdistbs siys,
“Vurbly tgbrb ds act i rdjgtbcus nia ca birtg wgc ecbs jcce iae abvbr
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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9:
sdas„ (:?=;), iae “Ugb gbirts ch tgb scas ch nba irb hull ch bvdl iae
dasiadty ds da tgbdr gbirts tgrcujgcut tgbdr ldvbs„ (4?6 ).
Ugus gilh tgb stcry fyflb ds fcnplbtb―hrcn [iriedsb iae ldhb,tgrcujg trijdf hill, tc ia birtgly stitb ch ldvdaj fcaebnaitdca iae
tgba uadvbrsil ebitg.
Ift DDD? ]bebnptdca
Dh wb wbrb tc fcnndssdca tgb sinb fcnpcsbr tc sfcrb i Abw Ubsti-
nbat sbqubl tc tgb Cle Ubstinbat pirt ch tgb stcry, wgit `dae chtgbnbs wcule wb wiat3 Gcw ecbs tgb fcatdauitdca ch Gds-stcry da
tgb Abw Ubstinbat rblitb tc dts mbjdaadajs da tgb Cle3
Ugb sbqubl—s sfcrb wcule prcmimly lcc` ld`b i ndrrcr dnijb ch
tgb dadtdil tgbnbs. Hrcn eir`abss tc ldjgt, hrcn hill, ouejnbat, iae
prcndsbs ebliybe tc prcndsbs hulllbe, nbrfy iae jrifb bxtbaebe, iae
rbebnptdca rbildzbe. Edsfcreiat actbs iae fgcres wcule mb rbplifbe
my i synpgcay ch dastrunbats iae vcdfbs sdajdaj pridsbs tc cur Jce
iae @daj. Ugb abirly hcrjcttba cpbadaj sfbabs ch tgb prbqubl wculemb rbstcrbe iae tgba surpissbe.
Zgit, tgba, ds tgb tgbnb ch tgb Abw Ubstinbat3 Ugb lcaj-iwidtbe
rbebnptdca ch i hillba frbitdca hcllcwbe my tgb rbstcritdca iae hulll-
nbat ch ill Jce—s prcndsbs iae purpcsbs.
Jce ede act imiaeca gunia`dae tc gcpblbssabss. Ilrbiey da Jba-
bsds 6, ihtbr tgb hill ch Iein iae Bvb, Gb plbejbe tgit tgb csprdaj ch
tgb wcnia wcule mrudsb tgb Vbrpbat—s gbie, ultdnitbly ebstrcydaj sda
iae bvdl (v. 92). Gb tgba ieviafbe Gds plia ch rbebnptdca tgrcujg tgb
filldaj ch Imrigin (Jba. 9=), tc wgcn Gb prcndsbe tgit i pirtdfu-
lir csprdaj wcule nbeditb mlbssdajs tc tgb wcrle (Jba. 96?920 Jil.
6?92‖98). Ihtbr tgds prcndsb pissbe hrcn Imrigin tgrcujg Dsiif iae
Oifcm tc tgb trdmb ch Oueig, dt tgba airrcwbe tc tgb eyaisty ch @daj
Eivde. Da Dsidig—s hincus prcpgbfy tgds sinb prcndsb ch i ]bebbnbr
ds airrcwbe tc ia daedvdeuil fcndaj `daj, tgb Nbssdig?
Ugb pbcplb wgc wil` da eir`abss
Zdll sbb i jrbit ldjgt0
Ugcsb wgc ldvb da i eir` liae,
Ugb ldjgt wdll sgdab ca tgbn. . . .
Hcr i fgdle wdll mb mcra tc us, i sca wdll mb jdvba tc us0
Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da Hcur Ifts
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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97 Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da Hcur Ifts
Iae tgb jcvbranbat wdll rbst ca Gds sgculebrs0
Iae Gds ainb wdll mb fillbe Zcaebrhul Fcuasblcr, Ndjgty Jce,
Btbrail Hitgbr, [rdafb ch [bifb.Ugbrb wdll mb ac bae tc tgb dafrbisb ch Gds jcvbranbat cr
ch pbifb,
Ca tgb tgrcab ch Eivde iae cvbr gds `dajecn,
Uc bstimldsg dt iae tc upgcle dt wdtg oustdfb iae rdjgtbcusabss
Hrcn tgba ca iae hcrbvbrncrb. (Dsi. 4?=, 8‖: )
Ugb rbebnptdca plia fcatdaube tc mb rbvbilbe tgrcujgcut tgb Cle
Ubstinbat Vfrdpturbs. Ebspdtb gunia hidlurbs―bvba ch tgcsb tc wgcnGb—e jdvba inizdaj juiriatbbs ch Gds prbsbafb iae lcvb―Jce rb-
nidabe hidtghul, ultdnitbly sbaedaj tgb prcndsbe Csprdaj―Gds
cwa edvdab Vca (Ocga 6?98).
Zgba Jce—s Vca wis tc batbr tgb rbebnptdca stcry, Jce sbat tgb
iajbl Jimrdbl tc fcarn tgit tgds fgdle, mcra tc i pccr hindly hrcn ia
dasdjadfiat vdllijb, wis tgb Cab tgrcujg wgcn tgb iafdbat prcndsbs
wcule mb hulllbe?
Tcu wdll fcafbdvb da ycur wcnm iae mbir i sca, iae ycu sgill ainb
Gdn Obsus. Gb wdll mb jrbit iae wdll mb fillbe tgb Vca ch tgb Ncst
Gdjg0 iae tgb Lcre Jce wdll jdvb Gdn tgb tgrcab ch Gds hitgbr Eivde0
iae Gb wdll rbdja cvbr tgb gcusb ch Oifcm hcrbvbr, iae Gds `dajecn
wdll givb ac bae. (Lu`b 9?69‖66 )
Is tgb plct uahclebe, tgcujg, Jce—s airritdvb tcc` i wcrle-sgi`daj
tura. Dastbie ch hcllcwdaj tgb fyflb—s upwire pitg―tgb Gbrc pissbstgrcujg virdcus trdils, baeurbs sbtmif`s, iae cvbrfcnbs hidlurbs wgdlb
prbssdaj ca tcwire Gds rbwire―Jce—s Fgcsba Cab rbtrifbe tgb eb-
sfbat, surrbaebrdaj Gds ldhb tc tgb bxbfutdcabr. Ugb caly mbdaj da
gunia gdstcry tgit ebsbrvbe abvbr-baedaj ldhb wdtg Jce vcluatirdly
subrbe i mrutil ebitg ([gdl. =?2‖7).
Bvba tgds drcadf hitb gie mbba hcrbtcle da tgb prcpgbfdbs ch Dsidig?
Vurbly cur jrdbhs Gb Gdnsblh mcrb,
Iae cur scrrcws Gb firrdbe0
Tbt wb cursblvbs bstbbnbe Gdn strdf`ba,
Vndttba ch Jce, iae istdftbe.
Mut Gb wis pdbrfbe tgrcujg hcr cur triasjrbssdcas,
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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94
Gb wis frusgbe hcr cur dadqudtdbs0
Ugb fgistbadaj hcr cur wbll-mbdaj hbll upca Gdn,
Iae my Gds sfcurjdaj wb irb gbilbe.Ill ch us ld`b sgbbp givb jcab istriy,
Bifg ch us gis turabe tc gds cwa wiy0
Mut tgb L gis fiusbe tgb dadqudty ch us ill
Uc hill ca Gdn. (Dsi. 26?5‖8 )
Abvbrtgblbss, hcr Jce—s nitfglbss Gbrc, ebitg wis act tgb bae.
Ijidast ill bxpbftitdcas―dafluedaj tgcsb ch Gds ebspidrdaj hcllcwbrs―
Obsus ch Aizirbtg wis ridsbe hrcn tgb jrivb iae stbppbe cut ch tgbtcnm ncrb tgia ildvb―Gb wis jlcrdbe. Givdaj edbe da i ncrtil
mcey susfbptdmlb tc sdf`abss, pida, iae ebitg, Gb wis ridsbe da i pgys-
dfil mut dnncrtil mcey, dafipimlb ch dllabss, dnpbrvdcus tc gurt, iae
cvbrcwdaj wdtg btbrail ldhb.
Hurtgbrncrb, tgrcujg Obsus Fgrdst, Jce mbjia wrdtdaj Gds-stcry—s
ail fgiptbr. Ugcsb pbcplb wgc mbfinb uadtbe wdtg Fgrdst my plifdaj
tgbdr hidtg da Gdn fcule acw pirti`b ch Gds jlcry, sgirdaj tgb Gbrc—s
rbwire, iae surpissdaj bvba tgb crdjdail purpcsb hcr gunia`dae tgitJce gie bstimldsgbe ijbs ijc da Beba.
Ugb Gbrc—s vdftcrdcus rbbatriafb datc tgb gills ch gbivba cpbabe i
abw fgiptbr da Jce—s uahcledaj erini. Ihtbr tgb rbsurrbftbe Vivdcr—s
isfbasdca, iae prdcr tc Gds da-tgb-bae rbtura is Ouejb iae @daj, Gb
sbat Gds Vpdrdt tc stdr tgb gbirts ch Gds hcrnbr babndbs iae fill tgbn tc
Gds fiusb. Fcuatlbss fcavbrts hrcn bvbry aitdca, trdmb, pbcplb, iae lia-
juijb givb mbba iae stdll irb cf`daj tc Gds sdeb (]bv. :?4‖9;). Ugrcujg
spdrdtuil uadca wdtg tgbdr @daj, tgds `dajecn-da-tgb-ni`daj ilsc bx-
pbrdbafbs i sgirbe spdrdtuil fcnnuadca da tgb fgurfg. Ugrcujg tgds
spdrdtuil-pgysdfil fcnnuadty ch tgb ldhb-jdvdaj Vpdrdt, fbatbrbe ca Obsus
Fgrdst—s pbrsca iae wcr` iae hcfusbe ca tgb jlcry ch Jce tgb Hitgbr,
nbnmbrs ch Fgrdst—s mcey jrcw da hidtg, gcpb, iae lcvb. Ucjbtgbr tgby
mbfcnb ncrb iae ncrb ld`b Obsus tgbdr @daj, tgb Vpdrdt wcr`daj da tgbn
tc firry cut tgb Hitgbr—s rbebnptdvb ndssdca da tgds stdll-hillba wcrle.8
Ift DX? ]bstcritdca
Ugit mrdajs us tc tgb ail rbsclutdca, tgb huturb rbstcritdca ch tgb
crdjdail frbitdca. Da tgb mbjdaadaj, gunias wbrb bxpbllbe hrcn Beba,
Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da Hcur Ifts
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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=; Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da Hcur Ifts
uaimlb tc bxpbrdbafb dnncrtildty da i [iriedsb hrbb hrcn subrdaj,
hrustritdca, hbir, iae ebitg. It tgb prbsbat tdnb Jce, tgrcujg Fgrdst
iae my tgb Vpdrdt, ds filldaj tc gdnsblh i pbcplb wgc wdll pirtdfdpitb daGds erini—s ail fgiptbr. Zgba Obsus rbturas iae rbabws ill tgdajs,
frbitdca—s jrciadaj wdll mb turabe tc jlcry is tgb batdrb birtg ds trias-
hcrnbe datc i abw, bvba mbttbr Beba, iae ill tgcsb wgc—vb mbba uadtbe
wdtg Fgrdst wdll mb nieb ld`b Gdn (9 Ocga 6?=).
]bvblitdca =9?6‖5 ebsfrdmbs tgb jlcrdcus fcndaj rbildty?
Mbgcle, tgb timbraiflb ch Jce ds incaj nba, iae Gb wdll ewbll incaj
tgbn, iae tgby sgill mb Gds pbcplb, iae Jce Gdnsblh wdll mb incajtgbn, iae Gb wdll wdpb iwiy bvbry tbir hrcn tgbdr bybs0 iae tgbrb
wdll ac lcajbr mb iay ebitg0 tgbrb wdll ac lcajbr mb iay ncuradaj, cr
frydaj, cr pida0 tgb rst tgdajs givb pissbe iwiy. ()
Ugus, mbtwbba Jbabsds iae ]bvblitdca―hrcn tgb Jireba tc Jlcry―
Jce—s uapirillblbe stcry uahcles. Bvbry pbrsca iae bvbat ncvbs gds-
tcry iae guniadty hcrwire tcwire i ail jcil―rbstcritdca. Jce—s
jriae airritdvb ch frbitdca, hill, rbebnptdca, iae rbstcritdca trulysitdsbs cur rbstlbss lcajdajs hcr purpcsb iae nbiadaj iae ilsc hul-
lls cur gbirt—s ebsdrb hcr iffbptiafb da nbiadajhul rblitdcasgdp. Is
Iujustdab cafb priybe, “Tcu givb nieb us hcr ycursblh, iae cur gbirt
ds rbstlbss uatdl dt rbsts da ycu.„:
Ugb tdnblbss stcry ilsc prcvdebs ia ultdnitb iaswbr tc gunia daous-
tdfb iae dabquildty, is Fgrdst—s `dajecn wdll mb ia btbrail jcleba ijb
ch pbifb iae prcspbrdty hcr ill (Dsi. 99?9‖4). Ld`bwdsb, dt cbrs vdtil,
uasgi`imlb gcpb tc tgcsb wgc acw irb gurtdaj, iae lcably, iae lcst.Ugb fcafrbtb prcndsbs iae ebtidlbe vdsdcas Jce gis prbsbrvbe hcr us
tgrcujgcut tgb Vfrdpturbs prcvdeb gbildaj gcpb tc tgcsb strujjldaj
wdtg iaxdbty, hbir, ebspidr, iae ebprbssdca. Zgba i pbrsca—s jizb ds
eriwa hrcn gds cr gbr tbnpcriry jrciadaj tc tgb fbrtidaty ch huturb
bvbrlistdaj jlcry tgrcujg rbsurrbftdca iae rbstcritdca, tgb wcres ch
tgb ipcstlb [iul rdaj trub?
D fcasdebr tgit tgb subrdajs ch tgds prbsbat tdnb irb act wcrtgy tc mb
fcnpirbe wdtg tgb jlcry tgit ds tc mb rbvbilbe tc us. Hcr tgb iaxdcus
lcajdaj ch tgb frbitdca widts bijbrly hcr tgb rbvbildaj ch tgb scas ch
Jce. Hcr tgb frbitdca wis sumobftbe tc hutdldty, act wdlldajly, mut mbfiusb
ch Gdn wgc sumobftbe dt, da gcpb tgit tgb frbitdca dtsblh ilsc wdll mb
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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sbt hrbb hrcn dts slivbry tc fcrruptdca datc tgb hrbbecn ch tgb jlcry
ch tgb fgdlerba ch Jce. Hcr wb `acw tgit tgb wgclb frbitdca jrcias
iae subrs tgb pidas ch fgdlemdrtg tcjbtgbr uatdl acw. Iae act calytgds, mut ilsc wb cursblvbs, givdaj tgb rst hrudts ch tgb Vpdrdt, bvba
wb cursblvbs jrcia wdtgda cursblvbs, widtdaj bijbrly hcr cur iecptdca
is scas, tgb rbebnptdca ch cur mcey. Hcr da gcpb wb givb mbba sivbe,
mut gcpb tgit ds sbba ds act gcpb0 hcr wgc gcpbs hcr wgit gb ilrbiey
sbbs3 Mut dh wb gcpb hcr wgit wb ec act sbb, wdtg pbrsbvbriafb wb widt
bijbrly hcr dt. (]cn. 7?97‖=2 )
Ugb jcce abws imcut Jce—s stcry ds tgit iaycab fia mbfcnb ipirt ch dt. Obsus ch Aizirbtg ds truly Jce da tgb bsg0 Gb truly edbe
iae wis ridsbe hrcn ebitg, iae Gb truly cbrs i abw debatdty iae
abw huturb hcr ill wgc trust da Gdn ilcab hcr silvitdca. Iae tgcsb
wgc bnmrifb da hidtg tgb Gbrc ch tgds stcry wdll givb i sgirb da tgb
rbstcritdca ch ill tgdajs.
Gb wgc sdts ca tgb tgrcab side, “Mbgcle, D in ni`daj ill tgdajs abw.„
Iae Gb side, “Zrdtb, hcr tgbsb wcres irb hidtghul iae trub.„ Ugba Gbside tc nb, “Dt ds ecab. D in tgb Ilpgi iae tgb Cnbji, tgb mbjdaadaj
iae tgb bae. D wdll jdvb tc tgb cab wgc tgdrsts hrcn tgb sprdaj ch tgb
witbr ch ldhb wdtgcut fcst. Gb wgc cvbrfcnbs wdll dagbrdt tgbsb tgdajs,
iae D wdll mb gds Jce iae gb wdll mb Ny sca„ (]bv. =9?2‖: ).
Tcu Irb Gbrb
Ugb twc pirts ch tgds mcc` ti b̀ us up tc tgb ultdnitb fgiptbr ch Jce—sstcry. Gbrb wb ncvb hrcn tgb hill iae tgb wcr` ch rbebnptdca . . .
tgrcujg tgb datbrnbeditb ndssdca ch tgb fgurfg . . . tc tgb bvbatuil
bbfts ch rbstcritdca.
Da [irt Cab, “Frbitbe da Fgrdst Obsus? Fgurfg, Fgurfgbs, iae
tgb Fgrdstdia Ldhb,„ wb edsfcvbr tgb rbsfub cpbritdca ch tgb fgurfg
iae tgb Vpdrdt—s cajcdaj wcr` ch rbni`daj tgb nbnmbrs ch Fgrdst—s
mcey datc tgb dnijb ch tgbdr @daj. Ugds triasdtdcas us hrcn rbebnp-
tdca da tgb tgbcrbtdfil iae gdstcrdfil tc rbebnptdca da tgb priftdfiliae prbsbat.
Da [irt Uwc, “Zgba Gb ]bturas? ]bsurrbftdca, Ouejnbat, iae
tgb ]bstcritdca,„ wb wdll fcnb tc uaebrstiae tgb niocr fcatcurs ch
Jce—s plia hcr ail fcasunnitdca. Gds rbebbnbe pbcplb is wbll is
Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da Hcur Ifts
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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== Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da Hcur Ifts
tgds hillba frbitdca mctg givb ia dafcnprbgbasdmly wcaebrhul huturb
da Gds plia iae purpcsb.
Is wb bxplcrb tgb mdmldfil, tgbclcjdfil, iae gdstcrdfil hcuaeitdcasch bfflbsdclcjy, siaftdfitdca, iae bsfgitclcjy, wb—ll mb imlb tc lcc`
mif` it tgb batdrb swbbpdaj airritdvb ch frbitdca, hill, rbebnptdca,
iae rbstcritdca, iae ocda tgb gbivbaly fgcrus pridsdaj Jce hcr tgb
jrbit tgdajs Gb gis ecab . . . iae wdll ybt ec?
“Gillbluoig! Hcr tgb Lcre cur Jce tgb Ilndjgty rbdjas. Lbt us rbocdfb
iae bxult iae jdvb gdn tgb jlcry, hcr tgb nirrdijb ch tgb Linm gis
fcnb, iae gds Mrdeb gis nieb gbrsblh rbiey0 dt wis jriatbe gbr tcflctgb gbrsblh wdtg ab ldaba, mrdjgt iae purb„―hcr tgb ab ldaba ds
tgb rdjgtbcus ebbes ch tgb sidats. (]bv. 94?8‖7)
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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[ I ] U C A B
Frbitbe daFgrdst Obsus
Fgurfg, Fgurfgbs, iae tgb Fgrdstdia Ldhb
MT AIUGIA E. GCLVUBBA
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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=2
Gdjg-Iltdtueb Vurvby
Vpy acvbls givb jrdppbe nb hcr is lcaj is D fia rbnbnmbr.
D dagbrdtbe i lcvb ch rbiedaj hrcn ny pirbats, iae is i ycuaj nia
D fut ny tbbtg ca acvbls wrdttba my iutgcrs ld`b Ildstidr NifLbia. D
rbie bvbrytgdaj D fcule jbt ny giaes ca. D bvba rbie G.N.V. Rlyssbs.
Mut actgdaj da NifLbia prbpirbe nb hcr ny rst ]cmbrt Luelun
acvbl? Ugb Mcurab Debatdty. Tcu niy rbnbnmbr tgb misdf stcry? i niahcuae citdaj da tgb Nbedtbrriabia rbjidas fcasfdcusabss ihtbr gb—s
pullbe up my sgbrnba. Mut gb gis inabsdi iae sc fiaact rbnbnmbr
wgc gb ds―da hift, gb fia—t rbnbnmbr iaytgdaj imcut gds ldhb. Ugb
nba ti`b gdn tc i ecftcr, wgc aes i pdbfb ch ndfrcln surjdfilly
dnpliatbe da gds gdp. Ugit lbies gdn tc i sbfrbt mia` iffcuat da _urdfg.
Iae sc tgb tilb mbjdas. Is tgb nia hcllcws cab flub tc gds debatdty
ihtbr iactgbr, gb—s eriwa ebbpbr iae ebbpbr datc i eiajbr-bvbrywgbrb
bxdstbafb ch wgdfg gb gis ac nbncry.Ugit tgrdllbr—s datrdfitb plct ldab sdnply mlbw nb iwiy. D stdll rb-
nbnmbr ny gbie spdaadaj is D trdbe tc issbss iae issdndlitb ill tgb
dahc, sbb`daj tc jurb cut, rdjgt ilcaj wdtg Oisca Mcurab, wgc da tgb
wcrle DV tgds juy3
Rald`b tgit nistbrpdbfb ch bspdcaijb, tgb mcc` ycu acw gcle da
ycur giaes ds act i nystbry. Tcu wca—t givb tc wieb tgrcujg nultdplb
sgcctcuts cr ndrifulcus bsfipbs mbhcrb edsfcvbrdaj tgb bssbafb ch bfflb-
sdclcjy (tgb stuey ch tgb fgurfg) iae siaftdfitdca (ebvblcpdaj i ldhbch gcldabss). Da tgb pijbs tc hcllcw wb—rb jcdaj tc bxplcrb tgbsb twc
niocr irbis ch tgbclcjy, iae D wca—t mb trydaj tc pbrsuieb ycu tgit
ny pbrscail vdbws ca bdtgbr cr mctg irb prbfdsbly fcrrbft. Tbs, D givb
pbrscail vdbws tgit D tbifg iae prbifg, mut hcr tgds mcc` cur jcil ds
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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tc datrceufb ycu tc tgb uadty iae edvbrsdty ch bviajbldfil pbrspbftdvbs.
(Ijida, dh ycu—rb uahindldir wdtg tgbsb wcres cr ctgbrs, rbnbnmbr
tgbrb—s i jlcssiry ch tbrns da tgb mif`.) Da tgb mcc`—s rst gilh, D wiatact caly tc sgirb i tistb ch tgb uadqubabss ch virdcus vdbws mut ilsc tc
eriw ycu mif` tc tgb fbatbr ch bviajbldfildsn my gdjgldjgtdaj tgb prda-
fdplbs tgit mdae tcjbtgbr tgb edbrbat striaes ch cur edvbrsb triedtdca.
Da ybt iactgbr ebpirturb hrcn tgb Mcurab Debatdty pittbra, D ilsc
wiat tc flub ycu da rdjgt up hrcat tc cur niocr tgbnbs. Tcu ilrbiey
`acw tgit da [irt Cab wb—ll hcfus ca bfflbsdclcjy iae siaftdfitdca0
D—e ld`b tc prbpirb ycu hcr tgb iftuil flidns ycu—rb jcdaj tc bafcuatbr.
Hdrst, ia crdbatitdca tc bfflbsdclcjy.
Uc niay Fgrdstdias, tgb ecftrdab ch tgb fgurfg ecbs sbbn nystbrd-
cus, pbrgips ipprcifgdaj cpiqub. Bvba scnb prchbssdcail tgbclcjdias
sgy iwiy hrcn vbaturdaj tcc hir datc tgds rbiln. Mut D mbldbvb dt fia
mb prbsbatbe da i hidrly sdnplb hisgdca cafb wb—vb if`acwlbejbe tgb
ipprcprditb stirtdaj pcdat. Iae oust is hcr Oisca Mcurab, tgit stirtdaj
pcdat ds tc is`, “Zgc in D3„
Mcurab mbjia tc issbnmlb i fcnprbgbasdca ch gds lcst debatdty mycmsbrvdaj gds cwa s`dll sbt iae my trydaj tc isfbrtida gcw tgb pbcplb
ircuae gdn gblpbe flirdhy wgc gb wis. Zb—rb jcdaj tc ec scnbtgdaj
ld`b tgds da ipprcifgdaj tgb ecftrdab ch bfflbsdclcjy, iae wgba wb ec
wb—ll ae tgit ill ispbfts ch cur spdrdtuil s`dll sbt―iae bvbry spdrdtuil
rblitdcasgdp wb givb―pcdat ilwiys, caly, dabxcrimly, tc cab pbrsca?
Obsus Fgrdst. Ugds nbias tgb wiy tc stirt wrbstldaj wdtg bfflbsdclcjy ds
tc stcp wrbstldaj. Bvbry eitun pcdats tc Obsus. Uc put dt iactgbr wiy?
Zgc D in fia caly mb ebtbrndabe da rblitdca tc wgc Obsus ds―tgbJce-nia, cur ]bebbnbr, ny Vivdcr.
Acw, tgit stitbnbat pcdats tc tgb fbatril prdafdplb hcr ill prctbstiat
bviajbldfil bfflbsdclcjy. Ugds prdafdplb, wgdlb flbirly rblitbe, ds edstdaft?
Ugbrb ds ac iutgbatdf bfflbsdclcjy ipirt hrcn i sivdaj rblitdcasgdp
wdtg Obsus Fgrdst.
Is wb ill `acw, tgb aiturb ch tgit sivdaj rblitdcasgdp ds tgit dt—s
davdsdmlb―ac cab fia “sbb„ scnbcab blsb—s jbaudab hidtg. Ac mrdjgt
gilc gcvbrs imcvb tgb gbies ch iutgbatdf sidats. Ugbrb—s ac tday mlub
Frbitbe da Fgrdst Obsus
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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=:
LBE pliatbe da i mbldbvbr—s bir tc sgcw tgit gb cr sgb pirtdfdpitbs
da i sivdaj rblitdcasgdp wdtg Obsus. Iae wgdfg fcajrbjitdca cr eb-
acndaitdca i pbrsca mblcajs tc ecbsa—t ydble tgb iaswbr bdtgbr― jbaudab Fgrdstdias pirtdfdpitb da scnb prbtty ebie fgurfgbs, iae
aca-Fgrdstdias giaj cut da scnb vdmriat fgurfgbs. Cab ch ny gbrcbs,
Ocga Filvda, nieb tgds sinb cmsbrvitdca wgba gb tiujgt tgit “bvbry
fgurfg ds i ndxbe mcey.„9
Tcu niy givb gbire dt side tgit “Fgrdstdiadty dsa—t i rbldjdca, dt—s
i rblitdcasgdp.„ Vcnbtdnbs pbcplb usb tgds fldfgä tc edsndss tgb vds-
dmlb fgurfg hrcn tgbdr ldvbs iae hcfus oust ca tgbdr pbrscail, prdvitb,
daedvdeuil bxpbrdbafb wdtg tgb fccl Juy ainbe Obsus. Mut tgit nds-
usb―cr bvba imusb―sgculea—t ebtbr us hrcn scnbtgdaj abvbrtgblbss
trub imcut tgb fldfgä. Zgdlb dt dsa—t ia bxfusb tc edsndss tgb vdsdmlb
fgurfg is drrblbviat, cur davdsdmlb spdrdtuil rblitdcasgdp wdtg Obsus
Fgrdst ds wgit ni`bs tgb vdsdmlb fgurfg bndabatly rblbviat.
Bfflbsdclcjy? I Fcnnuadty Vca-Fbatbrbe iae Vpdrdt-Hcrnbe
Dt niy scuae cvbrly sdnpldstdf, ybt D mbldbvb tgb hcllcwdaj cmsbrvitdca
prcvdebs i gdjg-lbvbl cvbrvdbw ch bfflbsdclcjy? tgb stuey ch tgb fgurfg,
prcpbrly spbi`daj, nust stirt wdtg tgb davdsdmlb sivdaj rblitdcasgdp
mbtwbba tgb ]bebbnbr iae tgb rbebbnbe. Ugit ds, tgb fcnnuadty ch
tgb rbebbnbe ds Vca-fbatbrbe. Obsus Fgrdst ds tgb fbatbr iae scurfb
ch tgb fgurfg, wgdfg ds tgb fcnnuadty ch tgb rbebbnbe uaebr Gds
gbiesgdp. Zdtg tgds misdf stitbnbat, ill bviajbldfil Fgrdstdias wcule
ijrbb.Mut tgbrb—s ncrb tgit uadtbs bviajbldfils wdtg rbspbft tc tgb ecftrdab
ch bfflbsdclcjy. Ugb fcnnuadty ds ebadtbly Vca-fbatbrbe, iae dt—s
ilsc Vpdrdt-hcrnbe. Ugb Gcly Vpdrdt ch Jce hcrns tgb fgurfg ch Obsus
Fgrdst. (Ugds, wb—ll sbb, ds tgb nbssijb ch Vfrdpturb iae tgb fcasdstbat
istrnitdca ch bviajbldfils tgrcujgcut gdstcry.) Is i rbsult, tgb fgurfg
aes dts uadqub debatdty is tgb fcnnuadty ch tgb rbebbnbe mbfiusb
ch ia davdsdmlb rblitdcasgdp wdtg Obsus Fgrdst. Ugba wb rbfcjadzb tgit
caly mbfiusb ch tgb Vpdrdt—s ndadstry ec wb givb davdsdmlb uadca wdtg
cur Vivdcr iae vdsdmlb uadty wdtg Gds pbcplb.
Ugbsb irb tgb bnpgisbs ch ia bviajbldfil bfflbsdclcjy?
Ugb fgurfg ds Vca-fbatbrbe iae Vpdrdt-hcrnbe.
Gdjg-Iltdtueb Vurvby
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
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Viaftdfitdca? I Ldhb Vca-Fbatbrbe, Vpdrdt-Hcrnbe, iae
Fcnnuadty-Ndaebe
Is tc prcvdedaj i gdjg-lbvbl cvbrvdbw ch tgb ecftrdab ch siaftdfi-
tdca, tgb fcavbadbat trutg ds tgit dt stirts da nufg tgb sinb plifb is
bfflbsdclcjy. Uc rbtura ijida tc Oisca Mcurab, cafb gb mbjia tc iaswbr
“Zgc in D3„ gb ilsc mbjia tc hcrnulitb ia iaswbr tc “Zgit ec D
ec acw3„ Caly wgba wb rbildzb tgb hcrnbr fia wb cbr i rbiscaimlb
ipprcifg tc tgb littbr.
Ugds ds prbfdsbly wgy tgb prdafdplb tgit uaebrjdres bfflbsdclcjy
ilsc uaebrjdres siaftdfitdca? tgb stuey ch siaftdfitdca, prcpbrly
spbi`daj, nust stirt wdtg tgb davdsdmlb sivdaj rblitdcasgdp mbtwbba tgb
]bebbnbr iae tgb rbebbnbe. Cafb ijida, tgds ds tgb stirtdaj pcdat,
prbfdsbly mbfiusb ac cab fia bvba erbin ch ldvdaj tgb Fgrdstdia ldhb
ualbss gb cr sgb ds ilrbiey uadtbe tc Fgrdst da silvitdca. Ugit ds, iu-
tgbatdf siaftdfitdca cws cut ch jbaudab oustdfitdca. (My tgb wiy,
wb lcc` it oustdfitdca da nufg ncrb ebtidl da iactgbr vclunb da tgds
sbrdbs0 hcr acw, wb—ll hcfus ca tgb rblitdcasgdp mbtwbba oustdfitdcaiae siaftdfitdca.)
Ugb Xdsdmlb Fgurfg
Bstimldsgbe my Jce hcr Viaftdhdfitdca
Ugb fcnnuadty ch sidats bxgcrtdaj
cab iactgbr tc jrcwtg tcwire tgb dnijb ch
Fgrdst my tgb pcwbr ch tgb Gcly Vpdrdt.
Ugb Davdsdmlb Fgurfg
Bstimldsgbe my Jce tgrcujg Oustdhdfitdca
Ill tgcsb wgc givb i jbaudab sivdaj rblitdcasgdp
wdtg Fgrdst my tgb pcwbr ch tgb Gcly Vpdrdt.
Viaftdfitdca ds act nb-crdbatbe, dt—s wb-crdbatbe. Dts hcfus ds Fgrdst,
my tgb pcwbr ch tgb Vpdrdt―mut dts purpcsb ds fcnnuadty-crdbatbe.
Frbitbe da Fgrdst Obsus
(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)
Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.
8/13/2019 Exploring Christian Theology, Volume 3
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/exploring-christian-theology-volume-3 28/28
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Iae D eca—t nbia i jbcjripgdfil fcnnuadty0 D nbia tgb mcey ch
Fgrdst. Viaftdfitdca, is tgb jrcwtg da gcldabss ch daedvdeuils wgc
irb da i sivdaj rblitdcasgdp wdtg Obsus Fgrdst, gis is dts purpcsb tgbstrbajtgbadaj ch Gds mcey, tgb fgurfg. Is oustdbe daedvdeuils jrcw da
hbllcwsgdp wdtg Fgrdst iae wdtg cab iactgbr tgrcujg tgb wcr̀ ch tgb
Vpdrdt da tgb fcatbxt ch tgbdr lcfil fgurfg fcnnuadtdbs, tgb wcrlewdeb
mcey ch Fgrdst ilsc jrcws da gcldabss, nijadhydaj Fgrdst—s ainb iae
mrdajdaj jlcry tc Jce tgb Hitgbr.
Ugit—s dt. Ugit—s cur gdjg-iltdtueb cvbrvdbw. Ill tgit rbnidas ds tc
wcr` cut tgb fcasbqubafbs ch tgbsb twc misdf istrnitdcas?
• Ugb stuey ch tgb fgurfg, prcpbrly spbi`daj, nust stirt wdtgtgb davdsdmlb sivdaj rblitdcasgdp mbtwbba tgb ]bebbnbr iae tgbrbebbnbe.
• Ugb stuey ch siaftdfitdca, prcpbrly spbi`daj, nust stirt wdtgtgb davdsdmlb sivdaj rblitdcasgdp mbtwbba tgb ]bebbnbr iae tgbrbebbnbe.
Gdjg-Iltdtueb Vurvby