Explicit and implicit responses to environmental sounds

Alex Ronald Loacutepez RoloacutenRonny WernerChristian Kaernbach

Institut fuumlr Allgemeine PsychologieUniversitaumlt Leipzig

Early Motivation

bull Goose Pimple Sounds (GPS)ndash Chalk on blackboard

ndash

bull Peter Baileyrsquos groupndash itrsquos not similarity to

primate warning calls

ndash 28 kHz component is most important but

ndash integrity of total stimulus is also important

ndash context may play an important role

First study Method Context3x3x2 Design

sound soundwithout with contextcontext context alone

Explicit ratings

RT

physiol resp

N=15 N=15 N=15

dimensionpleasure

arousal

pleasurearousal

pleasurearousalIm

plic

it

Stimulibull 7 sounds from IADS sound database (Bradley amp Lang)

ndash ldquoInternational Affective Digitized Sound Systemrdquobull in total 111 soundsbull in analogy to IAPS ldquoInternational Affective Picture Systemrdquobull IADS sounds are 6 s longbull some sounds in IADS are not well prepared

ndash IADS sounds come with valence and arousal ratingsbull choose 7 sounds such as to ldquocover the groundrdquo

bull 3 sounds from Peter Bailey University of Yorkndash chalk on blackboard grinding engine dropping spade

bull 2 musical instrument soundsbull all sounds cut to 2 s length and leveled in rms power

Stimuli

gaumlhnende Frau

Babylachen

Babyschrei

lachende Menschen

Schrei einer Frau

Gesang

Schweinegrunzen

groszlige Maschine

Kreidequietschen

fallender Spaten

tiefer Celloton

Klarinette

yawning women

laughing baby

crying baby

laughing people

cry of a woman

chant

grunting pig

big engine

squeaking chalk

dropping a spade

bass note on cello

clarinet

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

aro

usa

l ra

tings

context

Explicit ratings

bull Self Assessment Manikin SAM (Bradley amp Lang)ndash pleasure scale

ndash arousal scale

ndash dominance scale

Explicit ratings First results

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

soundN=15

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

aro

usa

l ra

ting

s

sound + contextN=14

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

context aloneN=16

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

Implicit responses

bull Motivationndash It is often difficult to verbalize onersquos feelingsndash It might not be politically correct to state

explicitly onersquos emotional reaction to certain stimulindash Emotion systems are different from cognitive systems

bull Intact emotional memory in amnesic patient (Claparegravede 1911)bull Emotional memory closely linked to implicit memory

bull Methodsndash RT based on Implicit Association Testndash physiological responses

F A I

L U R

E

bull alternating tasksndash relevant task on irrelevant material

ndash irrelevant task on relevant material

bull (dual) key assignmentsndash blockwise constant

ndash vary between blocks

bull react as fast as possible

Implicit Association Test

love

murder

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

What is the

F A I

L U R

E

1

2

3

45

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

bull relevant task on irrelevant material ndash 24 pictures from IAPS data base

bull 6 pleasant 6 unpleasant pictures ldquopleasance IATrdquobull 6 arousing 6 non-arousing pictures ldquoarousal IATrdquo

bull irrelevant task on relevant materialndash sound localization

bull 1-ms delay causes clear-cut localization effect

bull difference from classical IATndash We had a single stimulus design

bull not classes (black faces versus white faces) but single stimulibull repeat sound stimulibull use only RT data on sound localization task

Our Implicit Association Test-Based Reaction Time Measure

Early Motivation

bull Goose Pimple Sounds (GPS)ndash Chalk on blackboard

ndash

bull Peter Baileyrsquos groupndash itrsquos not similarity to

primate warning calls

ndash 28 kHz component is most important but

ndash integrity of total stimulus is also important

ndash context may play an important role

First study Method Context3x3x2 Design

sound soundwithout with contextcontext context alone

Explicit ratings

RT

physiol resp

N=15 N=15 N=15

dimensionpleasure

arousal

pleasurearousal

pleasurearousalIm

plic

it

Stimulibull 7 sounds from IADS sound database (Bradley amp Lang)

ndash ldquoInternational Affective Digitized Sound Systemrdquobull in total 111 soundsbull in analogy to IAPS ldquoInternational Affective Picture Systemrdquobull IADS sounds are 6 s longbull some sounds in IADS are not well prepared

ndash IADS sounds come with valence and arousal ratingsbull choose 7 sounds such as to ldquocover the groundrdquo

bull 3 sounds from Peter Bailey University of Yorkndash chalk on blackboard grinding engine dropping spade

bull 2 musical instrument soundsbull all sounds cut to 2 s length and leveled in rms power

Stimuli

gaumlhnende Frau

Babylachen

Babyschrei

lachende Menschen

Schrei einer Frau

Gesang

Schweinegrunzen

groszlige Maschine

Kreidequietschen

fallender Spaten

tiefer Celloton

Klarinette

yawning women

laughing baby

crying baby

laughing people

cry of a woman

chant

grunting pig

big engine

squeaking chalk

dropping a spade

bass note on cello

clarinet

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

aro

usa

l ra

tings

context

Explicit ratings

bull Self Assessment Manikin SAM (Bradley amp Lang)ndash pleasure scale

ndash arousal scale

ndash dominance scale

Explicit ratings First results

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

soundN=15

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

aro

usa

l ra

ting

s

sound + contextN=14

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

context aloneN=16

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

Implicit responses

bull Motivationndash It is often difficult to verbalize onersquos feelingsndash It might not be politically correct to state

explicitly onersquos emotional reaction to certain stimulindash Emotion systems are different from cognitive systems

bull Intact emotional memory in amnesic patient (Claparegravede 1911)bull Emotional memory closely linked to implicit memory

bull Methodsndash RT based on Implicit Association Testndash physiological responses

F A I

L U R

E

bull alternating tasksndash relevant task on irrelevant material

ndash irrelevant task on relevant material

bull (dual) key assignmentsndash blockwise constant

ndash vary between blocks

bull react as fast as possible

Implicit Association Test

love

murder

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

What is the

F A I

L U R

E

1

2

3

45

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

bull relevant task on irrelevant material ndash 24 pictures from IAPS data base

bull 6 pleasant 6 unpleasant pictures ldquopleasance IATrdquobull 6 arousing 6 non-arousing pictures ldquoarousal IATrdquo

bull irrelevant task on relevant materialndash sound localization

bull 1-ms delay causes clear-cut localization effect

bull difference from classical IATndash We had a single stimulus design

bull not classes (black faces versus white faces) but single stimulibull repeat sound stimulibull use only RT data on sound localization task

Our Implicit Association Test-Based Reaction Time Measure

First study Method Context3x3x2 Design

sound soundwithout with contextcontext context alone

Explicit ratings

RT

physiol resp

N=15 N=15 N=15

dimensionpleasure

arousal

pleasurearousal

pleasurearousalIm

plic

it

Stimulibull 7 sounds from IADS sound database (Bradley amp Lang)

ndash ldquoInternational Affective Digitized Sound Systemrdquobull in total 111 soundsbull in analogy to IAPS ldquoInternational Affective Picture Systemrdquobull IADS sounds are 6 s longbull some sounds in IADS are not well prepared

ndash IADS sounds come with valence and arousal ratingsbull choose 7 sounds such as to ldquocover the groundrdquo

bull 3 sounds from Peter Bailey University of Yorkndash chalk on blackboard grinding engine dropping spade

bull 2 musical instrument soundsbull all sounds cut to 2 s length and leveled in rms power

Stimuli

gaumlhnende Frau

Babylachen

Babyschrei

lachende Menschen

Schrei einer Frau

Gesang

Schweinegrunzen

groszlige Maschine

Kreidequietschen

fallender Spaten

tiefer Celloton

Klarinette

yawning women

laughing baby

crying baby

laughing people

cry of a woman

chant

grunting pig

big engine

squeaking chalk

dropping a spade

bass note on cello

clarinet

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

aro

usa

l ra

tings

context

Explicit ratings

bull Self Assessment Manikin SAM (Bradley amp Lang)ndash pleasure scale

ndash arousal scale

ndash dominance scale

Explicit ratings First results

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

soundN=15

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

aro

usa

l ra

ting

s

sound + contextN=14

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

context aloneN=16

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

Implicit responses

bull Motivationndash It is often difficult to verbalize onersquos feelingsndash It might not be politically correct to state

explicitly onersquos emotional reaction to certain stimulindash Emotion systems are different from cognitive systems

bull Intact emotional memory in amnesic patient (Claparegravede 1911)bull Emotional memory closely linked to implicit memory

bull Methodsndash RT based on Implicit Association Testndash physiological responses

F A I

L U R

E

bull alternating tasksndash relevant task on irrelevant material

ndash irrelevant task on relevant material

bull (dual) key assignmentsndash blockwise constant

ndash vary between blocks

bull react as fast as possible

Implicit Association Test

love

murder

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

What is the

F A I

L U R

E

1

2

3

45

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

bull relevant task on irrelevant material ndash 24 pictures from IAPS data base

bull 6 pleasant 6 unpleasant pictures ldquopleasance IATrdquobull 6 arousing 6 non-arousing pictures ldquoarousal IATrdquo

bull irrelevant task on relevant materialndash sound localization

bull 1-ms delay causes clear-cut localization effect

bull difference from classical IATndash We had a single stimulus design

bull not classes (black faces versus white faces) but single stimulibull repeat sound stimulibull use only RT data on sound localization task

Our Implicit Association Test-Based Reaction Time Measure

Stimulibull 7 sounds from IADS sound database (Bradley amp Lang)

ndash ldquoInternational Affective Digitized Sound Systemrdquobull in total 111 soundsbull in analogy to IAPS ldquoInternational Affective Picture Systemrdquobull IADS sounds are 6 s longbull some sounds in IADS are not well prepared

ndash IADS sounds come with valence and arousal ratingsbull choose 7 sounds such as to ldquocover the groundrdquo

bull 3 sounds from Peter Bailey University of Yorkndash chalk on blackboard grinding engine dropping spade

bull 2 musical instrument soundsbull all sounds cut to 2 s length and leveled in rms power

Stimuli

gaumlhnende Frau

Babylachen

Babyschrei

lachende Menschen

Schrei einer Frau

Gesang

Schweinegrunzen

groszlige Maschine

Kreidequietschen

fallender Spaten

tiefer Celloton

Klarinette

yawning women

laughing baby

crying baby

laughing people

cry of a woman

chant

grunting pig

big engine

squeaking chalk

dropping a spade

bass note on cello

clarinet

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

aro

usa

l ra

tings

context

Explicit ratings

bull Self Assessment Manikin SAM (Bradley amp Lang)ndash pleasure scale

ndash arousal scale

ndash dominance scale

Explicit ratings First results

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

soundN=15

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

aro

usa

l ra

ting

s

sound + contextN=14

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

context aloneN=16

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

Implicit responses

bull Motivationndash It is often difficult to verbalize onersquos feelingsndash It might not be politically correct to state

explicitly onersquos emotional reaction to certain stimulindash Emotion systems are different from cognitive systems

bull Intact emotional memory in amnesic patient (Claparegravede 1911)bull Emotional memory closely linked to implicit memory

bull Methodsndash RT based on Implicit Association Testndash physiological responses

F A I

L U R

E

bull alternating tasksndash relevant task on irrelevant material

ndash irrelevant task on relevant material

bull (dual) key assignmentsndash blockwise constant

ndash vary between blocks

bull react as fast as possible

Implicit Association Test

love

murder

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

What is the

F A I

L U R

E

1

2

3

45

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

bull relevant task on irrelevant material ndash 24 pictures from IAPS data base

bull 6 pleasant 6 unpleasant pictures ldquopleasance IATrdquobull 6 arousing 6 non-arousing pictures ldquoarousal IATrdquo

bull irrelevant task on relevant materialndash sound localization

bull 1-ms delay causes clear-cut localization effect

bull difference from classical IATndash We had a single stimulus design

bull not classes (black faces versus white faces) but single stimulibull repeat sound stimulibull use only RT data on sound localization task

Our Implicit Association Test-Based Reaction Time Measure

Stimuli

gaumlhnende Frau

Babylachen

Babyschrei

lachende Menschen

Schrei einer Frau

Gesang

Schweinegrunzen

groszlige Maschine

Kreidequietschen

fallender Spaten

tiefer Celloton

Klarinette

yawning women

laughing baby

crying baby

laughing people

cry of a woman

chant

grunting pig

big engine

squeaking chalk

dropping a spade

bass note on cello

clarinet

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

aro

usa

l ra

tings

context

Explicit ratings

bull Self Assessment Manikin SAM (Bradley amp Lang)ndash pleasure scale

ndash arousal scale

ndash dominance scale

Explicit ratings First results

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

soundN=15

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

aro

usa

l ra

ting

s

sound + contextN=14

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

context aloneN=16

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

Implicit responses

bull Motivationndash It is often difficult to verbalize onersquos feelingsndash It might not be politically correct to state

explicitly onersquos emotional reaction to certain stimulindash Emotion systems are different from cognitive systems

bull Intact emotional memory in amnesic patient (Claparegravede 1911)bull Emotional memory closely linked to implicit memory

bull Methodsndash RT based on Implicit Association Testndash physiological responses

F A I

L U R

E

bull alternating tasksndash relevant task on irrelevant material

ndash irrelevant task on relevant material

bull (dual) key assignmentsndash blockwise constant

ndash vary between blocks

bull react as fast as possible

Implicit Association Test

love

murder

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

What is the

F A I

L U R

E

1

2

3

45

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

bull relevant task on irrelevant material ndash 24 pictures from IAPS data base

bull 6 pleasant 6 unpleasant pictures ldquopleasance IATrdquobull 6 arousing 6 non-arousing pictures ldquoarousal IATrdquo

bull irrelevant task on relevant materialndash sound localization

bull 1-ms delay causes clear-cut localization effect

bull difference from classical IATndash We had a single stimulus design

bull not classes (black faces versus white faces) but single stimulibull repeat sound stimulibull use only RT data on sound localization task

Our Implicit Association Test-Based Reaction Time Measure

Explicit ratings

bull Self Assessment Manikin SAM (Bradley amp Lang)ndash pleasure scale

ndash arousal scale

ndash dominance scale

Explicit ratings First results

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

soundN=15

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

aro

usa

l ra

ting

s

sound + contextN=14

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

context aloneN=16

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

Implicit responses

bull Motivationndash It is often difficult to verbalize onersquos feelingsndash It might not be politically correct to state

explicitly onersquos emotional reaction to certain stimulindash Emotion systems are different from cognitive systems

bull Intact emotional memory in amnesic patient (Claparegravede 1911)bull Emotional memory closely linked to implicit memory

bull Methodsndash RT based on Implicit Association Testndash physiological responses

F A I

L U R

E

bull alternating tasksndash relevant task on irrelevant material

ndash irrelevant task on relevant material

bull (dual) key assignmentsndash blockwise constant

ndash vary between blocks

bull react as fast as possible

Implicit Association Test

love

murder

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

What is the

F A I

L U R

E

1

2

3

45

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

bull relevant task on irrelevant material ndash 24 pictures from IAPS data base

bull 6 pleasant 6 unpleasant pictures ldquopleasance IATrdquobull 6 arousing 6 non-arousing pictures ldquoarousal IATrdquo

bull irrelevant task on relevant materialndash sound localization

bull 1-ms delay causes clear-cut localization effect

bull difference from classical IATndash We had a single stimulus design

bull not classes (black faces versus white faces) but single stimulibull repeat sound stimulibull use only RT data on sound localization task

Our Implicit Association Test-Based Reaction Time Measure

Explicit ratings First results

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

soundN=15

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

aro

usa

l ra

ting

s

sound + contextN=14

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

context aloneN=16

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

002040608

1

pleasure arousal

corr

elat

ion

with

IA

DS

Implicit responses

bull Motivationndash It is often difficult to verbalize onersquos feelingsndash It might not be politically correct to state

explicitly onersquos emotional reaction to certain stimulindash Emotion systems are different from cognitive systems

bull Intact emotional memory in amnesic patient (Claparegravede 1911)bull Emotional memory closely linked to implicit memory

bull Methodsndash RT based on Implicit Association Testndash physiological responses

F A I

L U R

E

bull alternating tasksndash relevant task on irrelevant material

ndash irrelevant task on relevant material

bull (dual) key assignmentsndash blockwise constant

ndash vary between blocks

bull react as fast as possible

Implicit Association Test

love

murder

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

What is the

F A I

L U R

E

1

2

3

45

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

bull relevant task on irrelevant material ndash 24 pictures from IAPS data base

bull 6 pleasant 6 unpleasant pictures ldquopleasance IATrdquobull 6 arousing 6 non-arousing pictures ldquoarousal IATrdquo

bull irrelevant task on relevant materialndash sound localization

bull 1-ms delay causes clear-cut localization effect

bull difference from classical IATndash We had a single stimulus design

bull not classes (black faces versus white faces) but single stimulibull repeat sound stimulibull use only RT data on sound localization task

Our Implicit Association Test-Based Reaction Time Measure

Implicit responses

bull Motivationndash It is often difficult to verbalize onersquos feelingsndash It might not be politically correct to state

explicitly onersquos emotional reaction to certain stimulindash Emotion systems are different from cognitive systems

bull Intact emotional memory in amnesic patient (Claparegravede 1911)bull Emotional memory closely linked to implicit memory

bull Methodsndash RT based on Implicit Association Testndash physiological responses

F A I

L U R

E

bull alternating tasksndash relevant task on irrelevant material

ndash irrelevant task on relevant material

bull (dual) key assignmentsndash blockwise constant

ndash vary between blocks

bull react as fast as possible

Implicit Association Test

love

murder

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

What is the

F A I

L U R

E

1

2

3

45

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

bull relevant task on irrelevant material ndash 24 pictures from IAPS data base

bull 6 pleasant 6 unpleasant pictures ldquopleasance IATrdquobull 6 arousing 6 non-arousing pictures ldquoarousal IATrdquo

bull irrelevant task on relevant materialndash sound localization

bull 1-ms delay causes clear-cut localization effect

bull difference from classical IATndash We had a single stimulus design

bull not classes (black faces versus white faces) but single stimulibull repeat sound stimulibull use only RT data on sound localization task

Our Implicit Association Test-Based Reaction Time Measure

F A I

L U R

E

bull alternating tasksndash relevant task on irrelevant material

ndash irrelevant task on relevant material

bull (dual) key assignmentsndash blockwise constant

ndash vary between blocks

bull react as fast as possible

Implicit Association Test

love

murder

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

goodblack

badwhite

What is the

F A I

L U R

E

1

2

3

45

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

bull relevant task on irrelevant material ndash 24 pictures from IAPS data base

bull 6 pleasant 6 unpleasant pictures ldquopleasance IATrdquobull 6 arousing 6 non-arousing pictures ldquoarousal IATrdquo

bull irrelevant task on relevant materialndash sound localization

bull 1-ms delay causes clear-cut localization effect

bull difference from classical IATndash We had a single stimulus design

bull not classes (black faces versus white faces) but single stimulibull repeat sound stimulibull use only RT data on sound localization task

Our Implicit Association Test-Based Reaction Time Measure

F A I

L U R

E

1

2

3

45

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pleasure ratings (5 = neutral)

arou

sal r

atin

gs

bull relevant task on irrelevant material ndash 24 pictures from IAPS data base

bull 6 pleasant 6 unpleasant pictures ldquopleasance IATrdquobull 6 arousing 6 non-arousing pictures ldquoarousal IATrdquo

bull irrelevant task on relevant materialndash sound localization

bull 1-ms delay causes clear-cut localization effect

bull difference from classical IATndash We had a single stimulus design

bull not classes (black faces versus white faces) but single stimulibull repeat sound stimulibull use only RT data on sound localization task

Our Implicit Association Test-Based Reaction Time Measure

F A I

L U R

E-100

-50

0

50

100

-100 0 100

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)

arou

sal e

ffec

t [m

s]

soundN=15

-100

-50

0

50

100

-100 0 100

pleasure effect [ms]

arou

sal r

atin

gs

sound + contextN=14

-100

-50

0

50

100

-100 0 100

pleasure ratings (5=neutral)ar

ousa

l rat

ings

context aloneN=16

IAT-Based RT First results

bull some RT differences significantly different from zero in condition ldquosoundrdquo

bull however no correlations whatsoever were found

Physiological response

bull Arousalndash Electrodermal activity (EDA)ndash paired with SAM ratings

bull Pleasurendash EMG of m corrugator andor m zygomaticusndash Startle reflexndash ndash start in June

tktk eeCb 21

EDA analysisbull Fit of appropriate template

Pharmacokinetics suggest Bateman functiondiffusion from compartment A into B with time constant k1

elimination from compartment B with time constant k2

akbkb 12 aka 1

A Bk1 k2

intestines blood

Event-related EDA (ER-EDA)bull visible increase of activity after event(NB EEhaah Mamma we got Event-Related EDA)

Physiological response

bull Arousalndash Electrodermal activity (EDA)ndash paired with SAM ratings

bull Pleasurendash EMG of m corrugator andor m zygomaticusndash Startle reflexndash ndash start in June

tktk eeCb 21

EDA analysisbull Fit of appropriate template

Pharmacokinetics suggest Bateman functiondiffusion from compartment A into B with time constant k1

elimination from compartment B with time constant k2

akbkb 12 aka 1

A Bk1 k2

intestines blood

Event-related EDA (ER-EDA)bull visible increase of activity after event(NB EEhaah Mamma we got Event-Related EDA)

tktk eeCb 21

EDA analysisbull Fit of appropriate template

Pharmacokinetics suggest Bateman functiondiffusion from compartment A into B with time constant k1

elimination from compartment B with time constant k2

akbkb 12 aka 1

A Bk1 k2

intestines blood

Event-related EDA (ER-EDA)bull visible increase of activity after event(NB EEhaah Mamma we got Event-Related EDA)

Event-related EDA (ER-EDA)bull visible increase of activity after event(NB EEhaah Mamma we got Event-Related EDA)

Correlation of ER-EDA to SAM ratingsbull condition ldquosound onlyrdquo elicits ER-EDA correlated to arousal ratings

sound alonesound with contextcontext alone

Discussion

bull Explicit ratings correlate with IADS ratingsndash pleasure good correlation even for ldquodescription onlyrdquondash arousal correlation is best for ldquosound onlyrdquo

bull IAT-based Reaction Time effects non-consistentndash IAT-based RT seems not to apply to single-stimulus designndash coming soon affective priming

bull Event-related EDA correlates with arousal ratings for condition ldquosound onlyrdquondash simultaneous visual cue lessens arousalndash context (if given) should be non-predictive

bull facial EMG to follow soon

• Explicit and implicit responses to environmental sounds
• Early Motivation
• First study Method Context
• Stimuli
• Slide 5
• Explicit ratings
• Explicit ratings First results
• Implicit responses
• Implicit Association Test
• Our Implicit Association Test-Based Reaction Time Measure
• IAT-Based RT First results
• Physiological response
• EDA analysis
• Event-related EDA (ER-EDA)
• Correlation of ER-EDA to SAM ratings
• Discussion

Discussion

bull Explicit ratings correlate with IADS ratingsndash pleasure good correlation even for ldquodescription onlyrdquondash arousal correlation is best for ldquosound onlyrdquo

bull IAT-based Reaction Time effects non-consistentndash IAT-based RT seems not to apply to single-stimulus designndash coming soon affective priming

bull Event-related EDA correlates with arousal ratings for condition ldquosound onlyrdquondash simultaneous visual cue lessens arousalndash context (if given) should be non-predictive

bull facial EMG to follow soon

• Explicit and implicit responses to environmental sounds
• Early Motivation
• First study Method Context
• Stimuli
• Slide 5
• Explicit ratings
• Explicit ratings First results
• Implicit responses
• Implicit Association Test
• Our Implicit Association Test-Based Reaction Time Measure
• IAT-Based RT First results
• Physiological response
• EDA analysis
• Event-related EDA (ER-EDA)
• Correlation of ER-EDA to SAM ratings
• Discussion