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Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations

Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

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Page 1: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

Preterite tense verbs

Explanation and conjugations

Page 2: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

Preterite Tense NotesPreterite tense • The preterite is used for a past action that is completed.

Treat the preterite tense as a word ending in the letters -ED.

How to form regular verbs:

1: drop the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, -ir) 2: add the appropriate endings to match the subject. -ar verb endings -er /-ir endings

éaste

ó

amos

aronasteis

íisteió

imosisteisieron

Note: the nosotros forms for -ar and -ir verbs are the same in both preterite and present tenses: hablamos, vivimos. Context gives us the clues to know which tense is being used.

Page 3: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

Spelling Changes in the PreteritChanges for sound • In order to preserve the sound of the

infinitive verb, some verbs change spelling in a few forms in the preterite tense. • "Yo" form changes only: – Verbs that end in -gar change g to gué

Verbs that end in -car change c to quéVerbs that end in -zar change z to cé

Ayer, yo tocé el pianotoqué

Page 4: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

Jugar

jugué jugamos

jugaste

jugó jugaron Buscar

busqué buscamos

buscaste

buscó buscaronEmpezar

empecé empezamos

empezaste

empezó empezaron

Page 5: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

Spelling Changes, continued• For ER/IR verbs that end in two vowels

before the R (ie "leer" or "contribuir"), some the 3rd and 5th forms will conjugate with 3 vowels in a row • This is not usually allowed in Spanish,

so the "i" is changed into a "y":Leer

Leí LeimosLeiste LeisteisLeyó Leyeron

Page 6: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

Stem changers in the preterite • -ar and -er verbs that change their

stem in the present tense do not change in the preterite. They are conjugated just like other regular preterite verbs.

Soñar - to dream

Soñé Soñamos

Soñaste Soñasteis

Soñó Soñaron

Devolver - to return

Devolví Devolvimos

Devolviste Devolvisteis

Devolvió Devolvieron

Page 7: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

Stem changers in the preterite • -ir verbs that change their stem in the present

tense do change in the preterite. However, they make different changes in the preterite:

• If they change o-UE in the present, they change o-u in the preterite. This change only occurs in the él and ellos forms.

Dormir - PRESENT

duermo Dormimos

Duermes

Duerme Duermen

Dormir - PRETERITE

Dormí Dormimos

Dormiste

Durmió durmieron

Page 8: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

Stem changers in the preterite • If they change e-ie or e-i in the

present, they change e-i in the preterite. This change only occurs in the él and ellos forms.

Mentir - PRESENT

miento mentimos

mientes

miente mienten

Mentir - PRETERITE

mentí mentimos

mentiste

mintió mintieron

Page 9: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

Irregular Verbs in the PreteriteAlternate endings • Some verbs, because of their

short length, take alternate endings • ser / ir

• dar (takes -er endings)

fuifuiste

fue

fuimos

fueron

Page 10: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

Irregular Verbs in the PreteriteAlternate endings • A number of verbs that are

irregular in the preterite follow a particular pattern. Their stems change in ALL FORMS, and they all take the following irregular endings:

• -e -imos -iste -isteis -o -ieron

Page 11: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

Infinitive Stem Change

andar anduv-

estar estuv-

tener tuv-

poder pud-

poner pus-

saber sup-

hacer hic-

querer quis-

venir vin-

decir dij-

traer traj-

Here are the irregular verbs, along with their corresponding stem changes. Remember to use the irregular endings on these verbs.

Note: One exception is the él form (3rd person, singular) of hacer. To preserve the sound, the C changes to Z to form "él hizo."

Note: A second exception is the ellos form (3rd person, plural) of decir and traer. These two verbs take the ending "eron" without the "i"

Page 12: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

Verbs that change meaning in the preterite tense:

• Some verbs actually change meaning,

When they are used in the preterite. • Conocer met • Querer tried • no querer refused • Saber found out • Poder succeeded in • Tener received

Page 13: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

ConversaciónYour partner asks if you did each of these actions yesterday. Respond yes and add a sentence about how

it was (ie. "it was fun")• comer en un

restaurante • enviar textos • tomar el tren • escribir un ensayo

• leer un libro • ver una película • trabajar • visitar la familia

Page 14: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

14

Listening practice1. Hola, amigo. ¿Recibiste las notas del primer

semestre? 2. Sí, nos las pasaron en la segunda clase. 3. ¿Y sacaste buenas notas? 4. Sí, en todos menos la clase de Profe Brown.

Él me marcó muy mal. 5. ¿Hablaste con él? 6. Sí, unos otros estudiantes y yo fuimos a su

oficina para preguntarle por qué. 7. ¿Y qué les contestó? 8. Que no estudiamos suficientemente para el

examen. 9. Ay, sí. Yo también fracasé en éste. 10. Sí, fue horrible.

Page 15: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

Preterite Tense Conjugations

On the following slides, you will find sample verbs and

conjugaations. The first conjugation chart is the PRESENT tense conjugation. The second

conjugation chart is the PRETERITE tense conjugation.

Page 16: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

4

1. To beser

soyereses

somos

sonsois

2.fuisteis

fueron

fuimos

fuefuistefui

Page 17: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

6

1. To goir

voyvasva

vamosvaisvan

2. fuifuistefue

fuimosfuisteis

fueron

Page 18: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

8

1. To seever

veovesve

vemos

venvéis

2. vivistevio

visteisvieron

vimos

Page 19: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

7

1. To give, to throw(a

party)dar

doydasda

damos

dandais

2. didistedio

disteisdimos

dieron

Page 20: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

5

1. To beEstar

EstoyEstásEstá Están

EstamosEstáis

2. estuveestuviste

estuvoestuvisteisestuvimos

estuvieron

Page 21: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

13

1. To havetener

tengotienestiene tienen

tenemostenéis

2. tuvetuvistetuvo

tuvisteistuvieron

tuvimos

Page 22: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

23

1. To knowsaber

sésabessabe

sabemossabéissaben

2. supesupiste

suposupisteissupieron

supimos

Page 23: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

17

1.

To be able to, can

poderpodemosPodéis

puedopuedespuede pueden

2. pudepudistepudo

pudisteispudieron

pudimos

Page 24: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

20

1. To do, to

makehacer

hagohaceshace

hacemoshacéishacen

2. hicehicistehizo

hicisteishicieron

hicimos

Page 25: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

18

1. To put, to

placeponerpongoponespone

ponemosponéisponen

2. pusepusistepuso

pusisteispusieron

pusimos

Page 26: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

14

1.

To want, to wish,

To love

quererquieroquieres

quiere quieren

queremosqueréis

2. quisequisistequiso

quisisteisquisieron

quisimos

Page 27: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

22

1. To comeVenir

VengoVienesviene

VenimosVenísvienen

2. vinevinistevino

vininsteisvinieron

vinimos

Page 28: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

29

1. To say, to telldecir

digodicesdice

decimosdecísdicen

2. dijedijistedijo

dijisteisdijeron

dijimos

Page 29: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

21

1. To bringtraer

traigotraestrae

traemostraéistraen

2. trajetrajistetrajo

trajisteistrajeron

trajimos

Page 30: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

16

1. To sleepdormir

duermoduermesduerme duermen

dormimosdormís

2. dormídormiste

durmiódormisteisdurmieron

dormimos

Page 31: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

30

1.

To ask for, to requestpedirpidopidespide

pedimospedíspiden

2. pedípedistepidió

pedisteispidieron

pedimos

Page 32: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

31

1.

To follow, to continueseguir

sigosiguessigue

seguimosseguíssiguen

2. seguíseguiste

siguióseguisteissiguieron

seguimos

Page 33: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

9

1. To readleer

leoleeslee

leemosleéisleen

2. leíleísteleyó

leísteisleyeron

leímos

Page 34: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

32

1. To hearoír

oigooyesoye

oímosoísoyen

2. oíoísteoyó

oísteisoyeron

oímos

Page 35: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

10

1. To paypagar

pagopagaspaga

pagamos

paganpagáis

2. paguépagastepagó

pagasteispagaron

pagamos

Page 36: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

11

1. To touch, to play (an

instrument)tocar

tocotocastoca

tocamos

tocantocáis

2. toquétocastetocó

tocasteistocaron

tocamos

Page 37: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

15

1. To begincomenzar

comienzocomienzascomienza comienzan

comenzamoscomenzáis

2.comencécomenzaste

comenzócomenzasteiscomenzaron

comenzamos

Page 38: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

1

1. To talk, to

speakHablar

HabloHablasHabla

Hablamos

HablanHabláis

2. habléhablastehabló

hablamoshablasteishablaron

Page 39: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

12

1. To learnaprender

aprendoaprendesaprende

aprendemos

aprendenaprendéis

2. aprendíaprendisteaprendió

aprendisteisaprendieron

aprendimos

Page 40: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

19

1.

To leave, to go out

salirsalgosalessale

salimossalíssalen

2. salísalistesalió

salisteissalieron

salimos

Page 41: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

24

1. To know, to be familiar

withconocerconozcoconocesconoce

conocemosconocéisconocen

2. conocíconociste

conocióconocisteisconocieron

conocimos

Page 42: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

25

1. To wash one’s

selfLavarseMe lavoTe lavasSe lava

Nos lavamosOs laváisSe lavan

2. me lavéte lavaste

se lavóos lavasteisse lavaron

nos lavamos

Page 43: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

26

1. To go to bedacostarse

Me acuestoTe acuestasSe acuesta

Nos acostamosOs acostáisSe acuestan

2. me acostéte acostastese acostó

os acostasteisse acostaron

nos acostamos

Page 44: Explanation and conjugations - Wikispaces · Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations. Preterite Tense Notes ... Irregular Verbs in the Preterite Alternate endings • A

27

1.

To enjoy one’s self, To have a good time

divertirseme diviertote diviertesse divierte

nos divertimosos divertísse divierten

2. me divertíte divertistese divirtió

os divertisteisse divirtieron

nos divertimos