Experience in Implementing and installing co-generation and energy-saving schemes

PUNTO ENERGIA

Experience in Implementing and installing co-generation and energy-saving schemesEng. Michele VioPresident of AICARR 2011 - 2013Eng. Luca A. PiteràTechnical Secretary - AICARR2013 October 24 – CERN – Genève

Eng. M. Vio Eng. L. A. Piterà - AiCARR

2AGENDA

Elettra and Fermi Lightsources

Trigeneration Systems

Absorption Chillers

Energy Supply

Conclusion


3ELETTRA AND FERMI LABORATORY


4GENERAL LAY - OUT

Conventional Auxiliary

Plants

FERMI

Laboratory

Elettra Laboratory

Laboratories

and Offices


5TGP1 AND TGP2

TGP1

TGP2

Power LinkTGP1

Fermi Trigeneration system

TGP2Elettra Trigeneration System

Power LinkBetween Elettra and FermiElectric lineThermal line


6TRIGENERATION SYSTEM

Trigeneration is an evolution of Cogeneration Systems

Cogeneration or Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is the use of a heat engine or power station to simultaneously generate electricity and useful heat.


7LABORATORY LOADSCoolling load of the Electra or Fermi magnets

Coolling load of the Electra or Fermi laboratory HVAC system


8COGENERATION SYSTEM AND ELECTRICAL CHILLER

Electrical

Chiller

Electricity grid

Winter Season


9COGENERATION SYSTEM AND ELECTRICAL CHILLER

Electrical

Chiller

Electricity grid

Summer and Middle Season


10TRIGENERATION SYSTEM

Trigeneration or Combined Cooling, Heat and Power (CCHP) refers to the simultaneous generation of electricity and useful heating and cooling from the combustion of a fuel or a solar heat collector.CCHP

What changes in absorption chiller than vapour

compression chiller…


11

Condenser

ABSORPTION CHILLER

A Vapour Compression Chiller is a

machine that removes heat from a

liquid via a vapor-compression

refrigeration cycle. This liquid can then

be circulated through a heat exchanger

to cool air or equipment as required.

The absorption cycle uses a heat-driven concentration

difference to move refrigerant vapors (usually water) from

the evaporator to the condenser. The high concentration

side of the cycle absorbs refrigerant vapors (which, of

course, dilutes that material). Heat is then used to drive

off these refrigerant vapors thereby increasing the

concentration again. Lithium bromide is the most common

absorbent used in commercial cooling equipment, with

water used as the refrigerant.

Evaporator

Cold source

Hot source

Compressor Thermostatic

HIGH Pressure

LOW Pressure

Evaporator

Condenser

Absorber

Generator

Hot source

Cold source


12ABSORPTION ENERGY BALANCE

CCHP

Doubble

Effects

Absorption

Chiller

100 Fuel

52

38

EER = 0,7

52CCHP

100 Fuel

38

EER = 1

52

16 Energy loss

Single

Effect

Absorption

Chiller

36

Heating

Cooling

Electric

Loss

Fuel

10

10


13DOUBLE EFFECT ABSORPTION CHILLER

Hot source

HIGH Pressure

Evaporator

Absorber

LOW Pressure

High Temp

Generator

Low Temp

Generator

Condenser

Cold source

Hot source


14

HIGH Pressure

Evaporator

Absorber

LOW Pressure

High Temp

Generator

Low Temp

Generator

Condenser

Cold source

DOUBLE EFFECT ABSORPTION CHILLER

CCHP

Heat Recovery from

engine 90°C

Heat Recovery from

engine exhaust 150°C

Hot source


15HEAT PUMP (HP)

A Heat Pump (HP) is a device that transfers heat energy from a heat

source to a heat sink against a temperature gradient. Heat pumps are

designed to move thermal energy opposite to the direction of

spontaneous heat flow

To increase the Heat recovery of CCHP, can I use a Heat Pump for

cooling the cabinet and the intercoller of CCHP, and increase their

heat level (45° to 90°)


16DOUBLE EFFECT ABSORPTION CHILLER

HIGH Pressure

Evaporator

Absorber

LOW Pressure

High Temp

Generator

Low Temp

Generator

Condenser

Cold source

CCHP

Heat Recovery from

engine + HP 90°C

CCHP

HP

Increase Heat Flow

Heat Recovery from

engine exhaust 150°C


17MAIN PERFORMANCES OF TGP1 AND TGP2

2 * 3 Engines Single Electric Pw: 580 kWe

Total Electric Pw: 3,480 kWe

Single Heating Pw: 760 kWt

Total Heating Pw: 4,560 kWt

2 * 1 Absorption Chiller Pw: 1,569 kWf

Total Cooling Pw: 3,138 kWf


18HOW TO WORK THE SINGLE TGP

Cooling Load is minor than Absorption Chiller capacity

70% total time - Absorption Chiller ON and cover the cooling demand


19HOW TO WORK THE SINGLE TGP + CHILLER

When Cooling Load is greater than Absorption Chiller capacity

Absorption Chiller ON and Electric Chiller are ON


20HOW TO WORK THE LINK BETWEEN TGP1 AND TGP2

TGP2

TGP1Hydronic system

Electricity

If the cooling power of one of the two Systems (TGP1 e TGP2) is less than the maximum. Is more efficient produce cooling energy in the absorption chiller and integrate the cooling loads, via link.


21HOW TO WORK THE SINGLE TGP + LINK

When Cooling Load is greater than Absorption Chiller capacity

20% total time - Absorption Chiller ON and Link ON


22HOW TO WORK THE SINGLE TGP + LINK + CHILLER

When Cooling Load is greater than Absorption

Chiller and Link capacity10% total time - Absorption Chiller, Link and Electric Chiller are ON


23CONCLUSION

For Elettra and Fermi Lightsources the actions to improve energy efficiency are:

Maximize the use of the thermal energyThe adoption of trigeneration systems to take advantage of the heat produced in summer and middle season.The adoption of double-effect absorption chiller to maximize cooling capacity.The logics of operation and support of various systems.

At the moment we are monitoring and collecting data that will be presented soon as possible. (Parallel Session A4)

PUNTO ENERGIA

THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION

Eng. Michele VioPresident of AICARR – [email protected]

Eng. Luca A. PiteràTechnical Secretary – [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

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Experience in Implementing and installing co-generation and energy-saving schemes