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Exotic Atoms and Exotic Nuclei. @Chiral 05,RIKEN 16 Feb. ’05 S. Hirenzaki (Nara Women’s Univ.). Objects. Hadron – Nucleus bound systems. Coulomb + Strong … Exotic Atoms (Deeply Bound) atom, Kaonic atom, atom … Strong … Exotic Nuleus - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Exotic Atoms and Exotic Nuclei
@Chiral 05,RIKEN
16 Feb. ’05
S. Hirenzaki (Nara Women’s Univ.)
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Hadron – Nucleus bound systems.Coulomb + Strong … Exotic Atoms
(Deeply Bound) atom, Kaonic atom, atom …
Strong … Exotic NuleusMesic Nucleus, Hypernuclei, …
Exotic Many Body Systems. In Medium Hadron Properties.
Spectroscopic Methods ( Peak structure) Quasi-Static Systems around
Objects
Features ( cf Invariant Mass Methods)
Interests
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Many Interesting Systems
… … , Interior state
… in medium
… anomaly
… … … Penta - Hypernuclei
K. Itahashi ‘s talk.
J. Yamagata, H. Nagahiro,
H. Nagahiro ‘s talk,
R. S. Hayano ‘s talk
H. Nagahiro ‘s talk
R. S. Hayano ‘s talk, N. Muramatsu ‘s talk
H. Nagahiro, T. Hatsuda, T. Kunihiro.H. Nagahiro, D. Jido.
Y. Okumura.
M.J. Vicente Vacas ‘s talk
H. Nagahiro, E. Oset, M.J. Vicente Vacas
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Basic Concepts
N
initial finallook carefully !!
In-Medium Dispersion RelationIn-Medium Dispersion RelationZoom
In
meson
Medium EffectsMedium Effects
Peaks!!
: Missing Mass ( Invariant Mass): Missing Mass ( Invariant Mass)
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Effective Number approach
Recoilless Substitutional States formation For large widths systems; Green function Method by O. Morimatsu, K. Yazaki, NPA 435, 727 (85), NPA 483, 493 (88)
:smaller distortion, background large?
Formation Cross Section by ‘pick-up’ reactions, (d,3He), (, N), etc.
Experimental data or Theoretical model
Experimental data or Theoretical model
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Pionic 1s states of Sn nuclei
K. Suzuki et al. PRL (04)
Umemoto, Hirenzaki, Kume, Toki PRC62(00)024606Umemoto, Hirenzaki, Kume, Toki PRC62(00)024606
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
K. SuzukiK. Suzuki et alet al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(2004)072302 observation Kolomeitsev, Kaiser, WeiseKolomeitsev, Kaiser, Weise (PRL90(2003)092501) in two-loop chiral perturbatio
Energy dependent of Gauge coupling of Phenomenological pieces, ( , p-wave terms)
Discussion on rn (n>1) ?… (Garcia-Recio, Nieves, OsetGarcia-Recio, Nieves, Oset)
E. Friedman and A. GalE. Friedman and A. Gal
G. Chanfray, M. Ericson, M. OertelG. Chanfray, M. Ericson, M. Oertel
‘Chiral Restoration in nonlinear realization’ D. Jido, T. Hatsuda, T. KunihiroD. Jido, T. Hatsuda, T. Kunihiro, PRD63(2000)011901
U.-G. Meissner, J. Oller, A. WirzbaU.-G. Meissner, J. Oller, A. Wirzba, … Ann. Phys. 297 (2002) 27
There are active discussions
are important
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Many activities in these days. What we consider
Chiral Unitary K-Nucleus interaction (by Ramos, Oset)(K-,p) by Neff approach (Same as p atom)Both atom + Nucleus states systematically
YamagataYamagata, Nagahiro, Hirenzaki (+Okumura)
K-atom/K-nucleus
K-
K-
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
KN reaction - (In-flight K,N) Reaction B.E. [MeV]
130, 90, 50
[T.Kishimoto, et al., Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 149 (2003) 264][ T.Kishimoto Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999) 4701]
- (Stopped K,N)
108 86
[Y.Akaishi,T.Yamazaki, Phys. Rev. C 65 (2002) 044005] 173 194
[M.Iwasaki, et al., nucl-ex/0310018][T.Suzuki, et al., Phys. Lett. B 597 (2004) 263]
Kishimoto Group (Exp.)
Iwasaki, Suzuki
Group (Exp.)
Akaishi, Yamazaki
Group (Theor.)
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Formulation -- Structure Klein-Gordon equation
kaon-nucleus reduced mass : Coulomb Potential
: Optical Potential
Optical Potential - Chiral Unitary ModelChiral Unitary Model [A.Ramos, E.Oset, Nucl. Phys. A671 (2000) 481] [Hirenzaki,Okumura,Toki,Oset,Ramos PRC 61 (2000) 055205]
- PhenomenologyPhenomenology [Batty,Friedman,Gal, Phys. Rep. 287 (1997) 385]
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Energy Levels of Kaonic States (Atomic and Nuclear)
- Nuclear State
- Atomic State
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Wave function
Nuclear 1s
Nuclear 2s
Atomic 1s
←Nuclear radius of 39K
1s
2s
4s
Phenomenology
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Energy Spectrum -- PK = 976 MeV/c (TK = 600 MeV )
bound region
Almost ‘No structure’
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Phase Space factor
threshold ・・・ B.E. ~ 240 MeV
[J. Mares, E. Friedman, A. Gal, nucl-th/0407063]
threshold ・・・ B.E. ~ 100 MeV
①②
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Energy Spectrum -- PK = 967MeV/c (TK = 600 MeV)
++ f ( B.E. )bound region
Chiral Unitary – Almost No structurePhenomenology – Some structure ?
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Energy Spectrum(In-flight K,n) PK = 930 MeV/c bound region
[ T.Kishimoto et al., Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 149 (2003)264 ]
[ Fig. taken from the seminar slide @NWU by Dr.Hayakawa ]
(In-flight K,p) PK = 976 MeV/c
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Narrow K-Nuclear state, Ultra high density matter,
Really exists ??
In flight (K,p) reaction
theoretical results Kishimoto exp.
Need systematic comparison of theoretical results and exp. data
Summary on K
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
H.C. Kim et al., [arXiv:hep-ph/0402141]the self-energy in nucleus
based on the decay
too weak to make bound in nuclei D. Cabrera, Q.B. Li, W. Magas, E. Oset and M.J. Vicente VacasD. Cabrera, Q.B. Li, W. Magas, E. Oset and M.J. Vicente Vacas
two kinds of contributions
very small … consistent to the results by H.C.Kim et al..
ph (particle-hole) from the absorption of a virtual pion.
large attractive potential of large attractive potential of
X.H. Zhong et al., [arXiv:nucl-th/0408046] framework of relativistic mean field / quark meson coupling model strong attractive interactionstrong attractive interaction for -nucleus and can be bound in nuclei.
Hypernuclei Studies of in-medium + properties
[arXiv:nucl-th/0407007][arXiv:nucl-th/0407007]
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Our motivation Possible Possible ++ hypernuclei formationhypernuclei formation
Theoretical predictions … + hypernuclei exist
Can we observe ?
New informationNew information about the Pentaquark Information on bound state
Information on + itself
S=+1S=+1 hypernuclei If it exists, + hypernuclei will open
a path for a research of new
many-body systems with S=+1.
S
0
-1
-2
+1+1 ??
Z
N
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Working HypothesisWorking Hypothesis ++ : , belongs to SU(3) antidecupletSU(3) antidecuplet SU(3) symmetric Lagrangian
N*(1710)N*(1710) also belongs to antidecuplet also belongs to antidecupletN*(1710) Ndecay deta fix the coupling const.
Interaction of the + with the nuclear mediumD. Cabrera, Q.B. Li, W. Magas, E. Oset and M.J. Vicente Vacas
[arXiv:nucl-th/0407007][arXiv:nucl-th/0407007]
: a vector current for two mesons
where
: antidecuplet states
: octet of ½+ baryons
: octet of 0- mesons
attractive interaction diagramattractive interaction diagram
+ +
N
K In the nuclear medium, new channels are
open.
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Bound states of +
potential depth:
,» due to ambiguities of + properties
(D. Cabrera et al., [arXive:nucl-th/0407007, Phys. Lett. B, in print.])
width: two sources
› energy dependent self-energies» narrower widths for deeper bound statesnarrower widths for deeper bound states
We calculate the spectra for both cases.
++ bound spectra bound spectra
V= -60 /0 [MeV] V= -120 /0 [MeV]
No LS splitting» Volume type potential only
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
– Reported process in Prof. Nakano’s experiment
» ((, K, K––))
+ hypernuclei formation reaction
» + K+ – p
K0 0 p
K0 p
K+ 0 n
K+ n
K0 + n
+B
M M
Possible process
+
K–
n
» + K+ – p
K0 0 p
K0 p
K+ 0 n
K+ n
K0 + n
charged
– theoretical vertices, + into MMB, in the SU(3) Lagrangian
[D. Cabrera, Q.B. Li, W. Magas, E. Oset and M.J. Vicente Vacas, nucl-th/0407D. Cabrera, Q.B. Li, W. Magas, E. Oset and M.J. Vicente Vacas, nucl-th/0407007]007]
» (K(K++,,++))
» ((––, K, K––) )
Notice : (-,K-) could be
very small (KEK exp.)
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
+ hypernuclei formation reaction Which reaction is suitable ? Recoilless condition
momentum transfer q
q [M
eV/c
] ((, K, K––)) (K(K++,,++)) ((––, K, K––) )
Incident kinetic energy Ti [MeV]
In Lab frame, the energy conservation in heavy target limit is,
nucleon separation energy
binding energy
masseskinetic energies
700 450
300
600
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Numerical results of formation cross sections
,
list of parameters used in this calculationinitial Kaon kinetic energy :
TK=300 MeV (pK~620 MeV/c) (minimal momentum transfer)
+ potential depth :
targets12C
forward reaction
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
12C target case : V= -60 /0 [MeV]
clear peak separated from each otherclear peak separated from each other. Reasonable Reasonable cross section of the order of [micro b/sr MeV][micro b/sr MeV]
not too small
free + production threshold(s-state proton pick-up case)
free + production threshold
quasi-free + region
TK=300MeVpK~620MeV/c
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
12C target case : V= -120 /0 [MeV]
We can see clearclear peaks. quite different spectrumquite different spectrum from V=-60 /0 MeV case.
more bound states for V=-120 /0 MeV narrower peaks due to the deeper bound states
we may be able to distinguish these two type potentialsdistinguish these two type potentials by the spectrum, if we can see.
TK=300MeVpK~620MeV/c
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Summary on + hypernuclei
+ hypernuclei formation
by (K+,+) reaction
New frontier of S=+1 hypernuclei ?
(or just a dream)
Many Unknowns … Let’s try !
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
– Nucleus Bound Systems – Nucleus Potential
(in Unit of MeV)
… R. S. Hayano, S. Hirenzaki, A. Gillitzer
Eur. Phys. J. A6, 99 (1999)
… F. Klingl, T. Waas, W. Weise,
NPA 650, 299 (1999)
… M. F. M. Lutz, G. Wolf, B. Friman,
NPA 706, 431 (2002)
: No bound states
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Kinematics (, N) forward
mesic Nucleimesic Nuclei
E. Marco, W. Weise
0
100
200
300
400
500
0 500 1500 2000 2500 3000
q [M
eV/c
]
Phys. Lett. B502 (2001) 59
atom atom
S. Hirenzaki, E. Oset
Phys. Lett. B527 (2002) 69
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Potentials by : [Marco, Klingl, Waas, Weise] [Lutz, Wolf, Friman]
( MeV )
@Chiral05,RIKEN, 16 Feb. ‘05
Summary on nucleus
Different theoretical Results exist.
Exp. Coming soon … N. Muramatsu
Let’s wait what we will see.