Exodus. Title e;xodoj ‘tAmv. hL,aeªw> Author: Moses

Exodus

Title

e;xodoj

‘tAmv. hL,aeªw>

Author: Moses

Mosaic Authorship: The Testimony of the OT

1 Kings 2:3 Keep the charge of the LORD your God, to walk in His ways, to keep His statutes, His commandments, His ordinances, and His testimonies,

according to what is written in the Law of Moses.


Ezra 6:18 Then they appointed the priests to their divisions and the Levites in their orders for the service of God in

Jerusalem, as it is written in the book of Moses.


Malachi 4:4 Remember the law of Moses My servant, even the statutes and ordinances which I commanded him in Horeb for all Israel.

Mosaic Authorship: The Testimony of the NT

Matthew 8:4 And Jesus said to him, "See that you tell no one; but go, show yourself to the priest and present the

offering that Moses commanded, as a testimony to them."


John 7:19 Did not Moses give you the Law?


Romans 10:19 But I say, surely Israel did

not know, did they? First Moses says, "I WILL MAKE YOU JEALOUS BY THAT WHICH IS NOT A NATION, BY A NATION WITHOUT UNDERSTANDING WILL I ANGER YOU." (a quotation from Deut. 32:21)

Date of Writing

Roughly the same time as the Exodus from

Egypt, between 1446 and 1406 BC.

Theme – Redemption

1.Spiritual Redemption – Plagues

2.Physical Redemption – The Exodus

Spiritual Redemption – Plagues

Plague 1 - The Nile turned to blood.The Egyptians worshiped the Nile as the giver of life.


Plague 2 – Frogs. Isis, the fertility goddess was often pictured as a frog.


Plague 3 – Lice or Gnats. Set was the god of the earth, from which this plague came.


Plague 4 – Flies. Kheper was the “Scarab-god”; the god of beetles and flies.


Plague 5 – Diseased Livestock. The Egyptians worshiped Apis, the sacred bull.


Plague 6 – Boils. The Egyptian shamans couldn’t cure the boils and they were afflicted themselves.


Plague 7 – Hail. The Egyptian shamans were supposedly in control of the weather.


Plague 8 – Locusts. The Egyptian shamans were supposedly in control of crop growth.


Plague 9 – Darkness. Amen-Re was the god of the sun. He was also thought to be the father of the Pharaoh.


Plague 10 – Death of the firstborn of those who had no Passover.


Physical Redemption – The Exodus

Purpose of Writing – To demonstrate to the Israelites that Yahweh was the only true God, as opposed to all of the false gods of the Egyptians and to chronicle the story of Israel’s birth as a nation and God’s central role in that process. Later writers continually looked back to God’s role in Israel’s deliverance as proof of the covenant between God and Israel.

Christ in ExodusMoses

He is prophet, priest and king.He is in danger of being killed while still a baby.He voluntarily renounces power.

Christ in Exodus

The Passover

Christ in Exodus – The PassoverExodus 12:1-3, 6-8, 12-13 Now the LORD said

to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, 2 "This month shall be the beginning of months for you; it is to be the first month of the year to you. 3 Speak to all the congregation of Israel, saying, 'On the tenth of this month they are each one to take a lamb for themselves, according to their fathers' households, a lamb for each household…. 6 You shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same month, then the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel is to kill it at twilight.

7 Moreover, they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel of the houses in which they eat it. 8 They shall eat the flesh that same night, roasted with fire, and they shall eat it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs…. 12 For I will go through the land of Egypt on that night, and will strike down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments-- I am the LORD. 13 The blood shall be a sign for you on the houses where you live; and when I see the blood I will pass over you, and no plague will befall you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.’”

Christ in Exodus – The Passover

John 1:29 The next day he saw Jesus coming to him and said, "Behold, the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world!”

1 Corinthians 5:7 Clean out the old leaven

so that you may be a new lump, just as you are in fact unleavened. For Christ our Passover also has been sacrificed.

Christ in Exodus

The Exodus

Christ in Exodus – The Exodus

Exodus 12:41; 13:21; 14:22 And at the end of four hundred and thirty years, to the very day, all the hosts of the LORD went out from the land of Egypt…. 13:21 The LORD was going before them in a pillar of cloud by day to lead them on the way, and in a pillar of fire by night to give them light, that they might travel by day and by night…. 14:22 The sons of Israel went through the midst of the sea on the dry land, and the waters were like a wall to them on their right hand and on their left.

Christ in Exodus – The Exodus

1 Corinthians 10:1-2 For I do not want you to be unaware, brethren, that our fathers were all under the cloud and all passed through the sea; 2 and all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea.

Christ in Exodus

The Manna and the Water

Christ in Exodus – The Manna and the Water

Exodus 16:13-15, 31 in the morning there was a layer of dew around the camp. 14 When the layer of dew evaporated, behold, on the surface of the wilderness there was a fine flake-like thing, fine as the frost on the ground. 15 When the sons of Israel saw it, they said to one another, "What is it?" For they did not know what it was. And Moses said to them, "It is the bread which the LORD has given you to eat…. 31 The house of Israel named it manna, and it was like coriander seed, white, and its taste was like wafers with honey.


Exodus 17:3-6 3 But the people thirsted there for water; and they grumbled against Moses and said, "Why, now, have you brought us up from Egypt, to kill us and our children and our livestock with thirst?" 4 So Moses cried out to the LORD, saying, "What shall I do to this people? A little more and they will stone me." 5 Then the LORD said to Moses, "Pass before the people and take with you some of the elders of Israel; and take in your hand your staff with which you struck the Nile, and go. 6 Behold, I will stand before you there on the rock at Horeb; and you shall strike the rock, and water will come out of it, that the people may drink." And Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel.

Christ in Exodus – The Manna and the WaterJohn 6:31-35, 48-50 31 "Our fathers ate the

manna in the wilderness; as it is written, 'HE GAVE THEM BREAD OUT OF HEAVEN TO EAT.'" 32 Jesus then said to them, "Truly, truly, I say to you, it is not Moses who has given you the bread out of heaven, but it is My Father who gives you the true bread out of heaven. 33 For the bread of God is that which comes down out of heaven, and gives life to the world." 34 Then they said to Him, "Lord, always give us this bread." 35 Jesus said to them, "I am the bread of life; he who comes to Me will not hunger, and he who believes in Me will never thirst.


John 6:48-50 48 I am the bread of life. 49 Your fathers ate the manna in the wilderness, and they died. 50 This is the bread which comes down out of heaven, so that one may eat of it and not die. 51 I am the living bread that came down out of heaven; if anyone eats of this bread, he will live forever; and the bread also which I will give for the life of the world is My flesh."


1 Corinthians 10:3-4 3 and all ate the same spiritual food; 4 and all drank the same spiritual drink, for they were drinking from a spiritual rock which followed them; and the rock was Christ.

Christ in Exodus

The Tabernacle

Christ in Exodus – The Tabernacle

Exodus 26:31, 33 31 You shall make a veil of blue and purple and scarlet material and fine twisted linen; it shall be made with cherubim, the work of a skillful workman….. 33 You shall hang up the veil under the clasps, and shall bring in the ark of the testimony there within the veil; and the veil shall serve for you as a partition between the holy place and the holy of holies.


Matthew 27:50-51 50 And Jesus cried out again with a loud voice, and yielded up His spirit. 51 And behold, the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom.


Hebrews 10:19-22 19 Therefore, brethren, since we have confidence to enter the holy place by the blood of Jesus, 20 by a new and living way which He inaugurated for us through the veil, that is, His flesh, 21 and since we have a great priest over the house of God, 22 let us draw near with a sincere heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.

Christ in Exodus

The High Priest

Christ in Exodus – The High Priest

Exodus 28:9-12 9 You shall take two onyx stones and engrave on them the names of the sons of Israel, 10 six of their names on the one stone and the names of the remaining six on the other stone, according to their birth. 11 As a jeweler engraves a signet, you shall engrave the two stones according to the names of the sons of Israel; you shall set them in filigree settings of gold. 12 You shall put the two stones on the shoulder pieces of the ephod, as stones of memorial for the sons of Israel, and Aaron shall bear their names before the LORD on his two shoulders for a memorial.

Christ in Exodus – The High PriestExodus 28:15-21 You shall make a breastpiece of

judgment, the work of a skillful workman; like the work of the ephod you shall make it: of gold, of blue and purple and scarlet material and fine twisted linen you shall make it. 16 It shall be square and folded double, a span in length and a span in width. 17 You shall mount on it four rows of stones; the first row shall be a row of ruby, topaz and emerald; 18 and the second row a turquoise, a sapphire and a diamond; 19 and the third row a jacinth, an agate and an amethyst; 20 and the fourth row a beryl and an onyx and a jasper; they shall be set in gold filigree. 21 The stones shall be according to the names of the sons of Israel: twelve, according to their names; they shall be like the engravings of a seal, each according to his name for the twelve tribes.

The Priestly Garments:

Christ in Exodus – The High PriestRomans 8:34 Christ Jesus is He who died, yes,

rather who was raised, who is at the right hand of God, who also intercedes for us.

Hebrews 9:11-12 11 But when Christ appeared

as a high priest of the good things to come, He entered through the greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this creation; 12 and not through the blood of goats and calves, but through His own blood, He entered the holy place once for all, having obtained eternal redemption.

Place in the Canon – Exodus is the basis for the many of the customs of Israel. It serves as the foundation stone for the traditions that Israel celebrated up through the New Testament times and even today. It is also part of the historical basis for the continuing relationship between God and Israel. The prophets were continually looking back at God’s redemption of the nation of Israel from Egypt as proof of God’s love for them and as a demonstration of their obligation to be obedient.

Documents

Exodus. Title e;xodoj ‘tAmv. hL,aeªw> Author: Moses