EXISTING KAONI GYPSUM (MINOR MINERAL) MINING PROJECTenvironmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/EIA/06032020KBZCJ1PFFinalEIA.pdf · FINAL EIA/EMP REPORT FOR EXISTING KAONI GYPSUM (MINOR

FINAL EIA/EMP REPORT FOR

EXISTING KAONI GYPSUM (MINOR MINERAL) MINING PROJECT

AT

(ML NO 01/02, ML AREA 250.53 HA)

NEAR VILLAGE – KAONI, TEHSIL- KOLAYAT, DISTT - BIKANER

(RAJASTHAN)

Production Capacity:50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB (Category “A” as per EIA notification 2006 and its continuous amendments)

MCPL/EMD/MIN/2018-19/11/02/FINAL EIA V.00 Jan, 2020

APPLICANT FCI ARAVALI GYPSUM AND MINERALS INDIA LTD

Prepared By

MANTEC CONSULTANTS PVT.LTD. (QCI Accredited EIA Consultant at S.No.104 as per List of Accredited consultant Organizations/Rev. 82/Dec 2019

(NABET Accredited EIA consultant, MoEF&CC and NABL approved Laboratory)

Environment Division, D-36, Sector-6, Noida-201 301, U. P., Ph. 0120-4215000,

0120-4215807 Fax. 0120-4215809,

e-mail :[email protected]

http://www.mantecconsultants.co

ToR Letter No. J-11015/02/2019-IA.II (M) Dated 27.03.2019

Study Period: December 2018 to February 2019 (Winter Season)

Lease Area

mailto:[email protected]

Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd

Final EIA/EMP Report

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TABLE OF CONTENT

TABLE OF CONTENT…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..I

LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................................................................... VI

LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................................... VII

LIST OF ANNEXURE .................................................................................................................................... VIII

ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................................. IX

UNDERTAKING BY PROJECT PROPONENT .............................................................................................. X

UNDERTAKING BY ACCREDITED CONSULTANT ORGANIZATION ................................................... XI

NABET ANNEXURE – VII ............................................................................................................................. XII

TOR COMPLIANCE ....................................................................................................................................... XVI

CHAPTER-1 : INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 PURPOSE OF REPORT ............................................................................................................................................. 1

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT ................................................................. 2

1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF NATURE, SIZE, LOCATION OF THE PROJECT AND ITS

IMPORTANCE TO THE COMPANY REGION ............................................................................................................ 3

1.3.1 Importance of Project ...................................................................................................................................... 4 1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY ...................................................................................................................................... 5

1.4.1 Environmental Clearance Process .............................................................................................................. 5 1.4.2 LAWS APPLICABLE TO THIS PROJECT ..................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER-2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................. 8

2.0 GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................................... 8

2.1 TYPE OF THE PROJECT .................................................................................................................................... 8

2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT ................................................................................................................................ 8

2.3 LOCATION OF PROJECT .......................................................................................................................................... 8

2.4 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION (INCL. ASSOCIATED ACTIVITIES REQUIRED BY OR FOR THE

PROJECT) ...............................................................................................................................................................................12

2.5 TOPOGRAPHY OF THE AREA ................................................................................................................................12

2.6 GEOLOGY ................................................................................................................................................................12

2.6.1 Regional Geology ..............................................................................................................................................12 2.6.2 Local Geology .....................................................................................................................................................13 2.6.3 Physiography .....................................................................................................................................................13 2.6.4 Drainage ...............................................................................................................................................................13 2.6.5 Rainfall and Climatic condition ..................................................................................................................13 2.6.6 Seismicity of the Area .....................................................................................................................................13 2.7 EXPLORATION AND RESERVES .................................................................................................................14

2.7.1 Method of Estimation of Reserve ..............................................................................................................14 2.7.2 Life of mine .........................................................................................................................................................14 2.8 PREVIOUS PRODUCTION DETAIL ........................................................................................................................14

2.9 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................15

2.9.1 Mining Methology ............................................................................................................................................15 2.9.2 The Ultimate Extent and Size of Quarries ..............................................................................................15 2.9.3 Ultimate capacity of Dumps .........................................................................................................................15



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2.9.4 Post Mining Reclamation Plan including afforestation ....................................................................15 2.9.5 Extent of Mechanization................................................................................................................................15 2.9.6 Waste Management .........................................................................................................................................16 2.9.7 Use of Mineral ....................................................................................................................................................16 2.9.8 Land Use Pattern of Mining Area at various stages ...........................................................................16 2.9.9 Project Requirements ....................................................................................................................................16 2.10 LITIGATION ............................................................................................................................................................19

2.11 SUMMARY ...............................................................................................................................................................19

CHAPTER-3 : DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................20

3.1 INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................................20

3.2 STUDY AREA AND PERIOD ...................................................................................................................................20

3.3 STUDY PERIOD ......................................................................................................................................................20

3.3.1 Components & Methodology .......................................................................................................................21 3.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT ..............................................................................................................................................22

3.4.1 Micro-meteorological data ...........................................................................................................................22 3.4.2 Primary Data ......................................................................................................................................................23 3.5 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY .......................................................................................................................................24

3.5.1 Selection of Sampling Locations ................................................................................................................24 3.5.2 Methodology ......................................................................................................................................................26 3.5.3 Data Analysis .....................................................................................................................................................26 3.5.4 Interpretation: ...................................................................................................................................................29 3.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT..........................................................................................................................................30

3.6.1 Methodology of noise measurement .......................................................................................................30 3.6.2 Data Analysis .....................................................................................................................................................30 3.6.3 Interpretation ....................................................................................................................................................32 3.7 TRAFFIC STUDY .....................................................................................................................................................33

3.7.1 Data Analysis .....................................................................................................................................................33 3.7.2 Existing traffic scenario .................................................................................................................................33 3.7.3 Interpretation ....................................................................................................................................................35 3.8 WATER ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................................................................................37

3.8.1 Methodology ......................................................................................................................................................37 3.8.2 Interpretation of Results ...............................................................................................................................38 3.9 SOIL ENVIRONMENT.............................................................................................................................................40

3.9.1 Methodology ......................................................................................................................................................40 3.9.2 Data Analysis .....................................................................................................................................................40 3.9.3 Interpretation ....................................................................................................................................................42 3.10 LAND USE AND LAND COVER .............................................................................................................................42

3.10.1 Land Use of the Study area ........................................................................................................................42 3.10.2 Results ................................................................................................................................................................43 3.11 HYDROLOGY...........................................................................................................................................................47

3.11.1 Geomorphology ..............................................................................................................................................47 3.11.2 Geology ..............................................................................................................................................................48 3.11.3 Climate and Rainfall......................................................................................................................................48 3.11.4 Hydrogeology ..................................................................................................................................................49 3.11.5 Site specific Hydrogeology: .......................................................................................................................50 3.12 ECOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY .............................................................................................................................51

3.12.1 Introduction .....................................................................................................................................................51 3.12.2 Material and Methods ..................................................................................................................................51 3.12.3 Eco-Sensitive zone in the study area .....................................................................................................53 3.12.4 Description of vegetation and forest types in the project area ..................................................53



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3.12.5 Quantitative Attributes of the Vegetation of the Project Area ....................................................55 3.12.6 Fauna of the study area:..............................................................................................................................61 3.12.7 Aquatic Environment ...................................................................................................................................62 3.13 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................64

3.13.1 Introduction .....................................................................................................................................................64 3.13.2 Objectives of the Study ................................................................................................................................65 3.13.3 Steps taken to prepare the SEIA Report ...............................................................................................65 3.13.4 Concept & Definition of terms used in the SEIA Report ................................................................66 3.13.5 Methodology ....................................................................................................................................................68 3.13.6 Study Area ........................................................................................................................................................69 3.13.7 Baseline Data ...................................................................................................................................................69 3.13.8 Population Composition .............................................................................................................................71 CHAPTER-4 : ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES ......75

4.1 INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................................75

4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................75

4.2.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE ................................................................................................................................76 4.2.2 OPERATION PHASE ........................................................................................................................................76 4.2.3 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES .............................................................77 4.3 AIR QUALITY MODELING .............................................................................................................................77

4.3.1 ISCST3 Dispersion Model .............................................................................................................................77 4.3.2 Model Setup ........................................................................................................................................................77 4.3.3 Meteorological Data ........................................................................................................................................78 4.3.4 Modeling Methodology ..................................................................................................................................79 4.3.5 Results for PM 2.5 ............................................................................................................................................79 4.3.6 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................................................80 4.3.7 Mitigation Measures .......................................................................................................................................82 4.4 IMPACTS OF AIR POLLUTION AND MITIGATION MEASURES .......................................................83

4.4.1 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................................................84 4.5 IMPACTS OF NOISE/VIBRATIONS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ..............................................84

4.5.1 Mathematical Noise Model ...........................................................................................................................84 4.5.2 Noise Sources ....................................................................................................................................................84 Mitigation Measures ......................................................................................................................................................84 4.5.3 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................................................85 4.6 IMPACTS OF WATER POLLUTION AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................85

4.6.1 Impact on Surface Water and ground water Environment ............................................................85 4.6.2 Mitigation Measures .......................................................................................................................................86 4.6.3 Management of generated domestic Waste ..........................................................................................87 4.7 IMPACTS ON LAND USE AND MITIGATION MEASURES ..................................................................89

4.7.1 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................................................89 4.8 IMPACTS ON SOIL ENVIRONMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................................89

4.9 IMPACTS ON HYDROLOGY AND MITIGATION MEASURES .............................................................90

4.9.1 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................................................90 4.10 IMPACTS ON ECOLOGY & BIODIVERSITY AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES ........................91

4.10.1 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................93 4.11 SOCIO ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE PROJECT ......................................................................................93

4.12 IMPACTS DUE TO SOLID WASTE/OVERBURDEN AND MITIGATION MEASURES ................94

4.13 IMPACTS ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY .....................................................................94

4.14 TRAFFIC ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................................................................95

Budget .................................................................................................................................................................................96 4.15 IMPACTS ON GEOLOGY AND MITIGATION ...........................................................................................96



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4.16 MINE CLOSURE PLAN ....................................................................................................................................96

4.16.1 General ...............................................................................................................................................................96 4.17 SUMMARY ...........................................................................................................................................................97

CHAPTER-5 : ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) ......................................................99

5.1 INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................................99

5.1.1 ALTERNATIVE FOR MINE LEASE ..............................................................................................................99 CHAPTER-6 : ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ................................................................... 100

6.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 100

6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL ........................................................................................... 100

6.1.1 Responsibilities for Environmental Management Cell (EMC) .................................................... 100 6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCEDURE .......................................... 101

6.3 MONITORING METHODOLOGIES AND PARAMETERS .................................................................. 101

6.4 MONITORING SCHEDULE .......................................................................................................................... 103

6.5 LOCATIONS OF MONITORING STATIONS ........................................................................................... 103

6.6 BUDGET ALLOCATION FOR MONITORING ........................................................................................ 104

CHAPTER-7 : ADDITIONAL STUDIES ............................................................................................................... 105

7.0 GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................................ 105

7.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION .................................................................................................................................. 105

7.1.1 Public Hearing Notice .................................................................................................................................. 105 7.1.2 Photographs of public Hearing ................................................................................................................ 106 7.1.3 Action plan for issue raised in Public Hearing .................................................................................. 107 The Proceedings of the Public Hearing has been issued by Regional Officer, Bikaner (Copy Attached as Annexure-...........) and action plan has been prepared against the issue raised in Public Hearing are as follows; ................................................................................................................................ 107 7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................................................. 110

7.2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 110 7.2.2 Hazard identification and risk assessment ........................................................................................ 110 7.2.3 Mitigation measures and Disaster Management Plan ................................................................... 110 7.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY AT MINE SITE................................................................................. 113

7.3.1 The Occupational Health Surveillance Program .............................................................................. 114 7.3.2 Impact on Human Health ........................................................................................................................... 114 7.3.3 Implementation of Occupational Health and Safety Measures .................................................. 115 7.3.4 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................ 115 7.4 SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................................ 116

CHAPTER-8 : PROJECT BENEFIT ....................................................................................................................... 117

8.0 GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................................. 117

8.1 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................................................. 117

8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ..................................................................................... 117

8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL –SKILLED, SEMI-SKILLED AND UNSKILLED ............................ 117

8.4 ECOLOGICAL BENEFITS ............................................................................................................................. 118

8.5 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY .............................................................................. 118

8.6 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................................ 118

CHAPTER-9 : COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................... 119

CHAPTER-10 : ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN .......................................................................... 120

10.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 120

10.1 LAND USE PATTERN ................................................................................................................................... 121

10.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................................................................................... 121

10.3 NOISE AND VIBRATION ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................ 121



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10.3.1 Noise Abatement and Control ............................................................................................................... 121 10.4 WATER MANAGEMENT ............................................................................................................................. 122

10.4.1 Surface and Ground Water Management ......................................................................................... 122 10.4.2 Water Conservation ................................................................................................................................... 122 10.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ................................................................................................................ 122

10.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................................. 122

10.7 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT ................................................................................................................. 122

10.7.1 Plan for Greenbelt ...................................................................................................................................... 125 10.7.2 Plan for link road and haulage road.................................................................................................... 125 10.7.3 General guidelines for Greenbelt Development ............................................................................. 125 10.8 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY (CER) ........................................................... 130

10.9 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) .................................................................................. 130

10.10 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY .............................................................................................. 130

10.11 COST OF EMP MEASURES .......................................................................................................................... 131

10.12 DETAILS OF RAINWATER HARVESTING ............................................................................................ 131

10.13 CONSERVATION PLAN FOR SCHEDULED FAUNA IN THE STUDY AREA ................................ 133

10.13.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 133 10.13.2 Status of Biodiversity in the Study Area ......................................................................................... 133 10.13.3 Description of Schedule-I species ...................................................................................................... 133 10.13.4 Budget for Conservation Plan ............................................................................................................. 144 10.14 SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................................ 144

CHAPTER-11 : SUMMARY & CONCLUSION....................................................................................................... 145

11.1 GENERAL .......................................................................................................................................................... 145

11.2 DETAILS OF THE PROJECT ........................................................................................................................ 145

11.3 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 146

11.4 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................. 146

11.5 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................... 146

11.6 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ....................... 147

11.7 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ................................................................................................................. 147

11.8 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ................................................................................... 147

11.9 ADDITOINAL STUDIES................................................................................................................................ 148

11.10 PROJECT BENEFIT ........................................................................................................................................ 148

11.11 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................................................ 148

11.12 CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................................................................... 148

CHAPTER-12 : DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED ......................................................................... 149

12.1 INTRODUCTION OF ORGANIZATION ................................................................................................... 149

12.2 SERVICES OFFERED ..................................................................................................................................... 149

12.3 LABORATORY FACILITY & EQUIPMENTS .......................................................................................... 150

12.4 ADDRESS & CONTACTS .............................................................................................................................. 150

12.5 ESTEEMED CLIENTELE .............................................................................................................................. 151

12.6 OUR CREDENTIALS ...................................................................................................................................... 152



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LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1-1: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT .......................................................................................... 3 TABLE 2-1: DETAILS OF MINING ....................................................................................................................... 12 TABLE 2-2: REGIONAL STRATIGRAPHIC SEQUENCE ...................................................................................... 12 TABLE 2-3: CATEGORY WISE RESERVE ............................................................................................................ 14 TABLE 2-4: FIVE YEARS PROPOSED PRODUCTION DETAILS ......................................................................... 14 TABLE 2-5: LIST OF MACHINERIES ................................................................................................................... 15 TABLE 2-6: LAND USE PATTERN AT VARIOUS STAGES .................................................................................. 16 TABLE 2-7:EMPLOYMENT DETAILS ................................................................................................................. 17 TABLE 3-1: ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS AND THEIR METHODOLOGIES ............................................ 21 TABLE 3-2 ONSITE METEOROLOGICAL DATA (PERIOD: 1ST DECEMBER 2018 TO 31ST FEBRUARY 2019)

.................................................................................................................................................................... 23 TABLE 3-3: SHOWING AMBIENT AIR MONITORING LOCATIONS .................................................................. 26 TABLE 3-4 TECHNIQUES ADOPTED/PROTOCOLS FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING ................. 26 TABLE 3-5 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA ........................................................................................................ 27 TABLE 3-6: SHOWING NOISE MONITORING LOCATIONS ............................................................................... 30 TABLE 3-7: CPCB NOISE STANDARDS .............................................................................................................. 32 TABLE 3-8: NOISE LEVEL DATA ........................................................................................................................ 32 TABLE 3-9: MONITORING LOCATION OF SURFACE WATER AND GROUND WATER ................................... 37 TABLE 3-10: SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA .............................................................................................. 37 TABLE 3-11: SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS ....................................................................................................... 40 TABLE 3-12 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL ................................................................................ 42 TABLE 3-13: LAND USE/ LAND COVER ANALYSIS .......................................................................................... 43 TABLE 3-14: GEOMORPHOLOGIC UNITS, THEIR DESCRIPTION AND DISTRIBUTION ................................. 47 TABLE 3-15: COORDINATES FOR LINE TRANSECT SURVEY .......................................................................... 51 TABLE 3-16:REFERENCE OF AUTHENTIC SECONDARY SOURCES ................................................................ 53 TABLE 3-17: NUMBER OF FLORAL SPECIES IN DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF THE STUDY AREA .............. 54 TABLE3-18: FLORAL SPECIES FOUND IN THE PROJECT AREA ...................................................................... 54 TABLE 3-19: PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE FLORAL SPECIES IN THE EASTERN DIRECTION

OF THE PROJECT SITE .............................................................................................................................. 56 TABLE 3-20: PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE FLORAL SPECIES IN THE NORTHERN

DIRECTION OF THE PROJECT SITE .......................................................................................................... 57 TABLE 3-21: PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE FLORAL SPECIES IN THE SOUTHERN

DIRECTION OF THE PROJECT SITE .......................................................................................................... 58 TABLE 3-22: PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE FLORAL SPECIES IN THE WESTERN

DIRECTION OF THE PROJECT SITE .......................................................................................................... 59 TABLE 3-23: MAMMALS SPECIES REPORTED FROM THE PROJECT AREA ................................................... 61 TABLE 3-24: REPTILE SPECIES OF THE PROJECT AREA ................................................................................. 61 TABLE 3-25: AVIAN SPECIES OF THE PROJECT AREA .................................................................................... 62 TABLE 3-26: BUTTERFLY SPECIES OF THE PROJECT AREA ........................................................................... 62 TABLE 3-27: LIST OF RURAL/URBAN AREAS IN THE STUDY AREA .............................................................. 69 TABLE 3-28: DEMOGRAPHIC PARTICULARS/POPULATION DETAILS OF THE STUDY AREA ..................... 69 TABLE 3-29: BASIC AMENITIES AVAILABLE IN THE STUDY AREA ............................................................... 73 TABLE 4-1: EMISSIONS RATES .......................................................................................................................... 78 TABLE 4-2: PREDICTED GLC OF PM10 AT AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS ..................... 79 TABLE 4-3: PREDICTED GLC OF PM2.5 AT AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS .................... 80 TABLE 4-4: IMPACT ON WATER REGIME AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE ................................................................ 86 TABLE 4-5:IMPACTS ON SOCIO ECONOMY AND MITIGATION MEASURES ................................................... 94 TABLE 6-1: MONITORING METHODOLOGIES AND PARAMETERS .............................................................. 101 TABLE 6-2: MONITORING SCHEDULE ............................................................................................................ 103 TABLE 10-1: MOST SUITABLE FLORAL SPECIES FOR THE GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT AND

PLANTATION ACTIVITIES IN THE PROJECT AREA .............................................................................. 123 TABLE 10-2:DETAILS OF CSR ACTIVITIES FOR THE YEAR 2016-2020 ....................................................... 130



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TABLE 10-3: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN................................................................................. 131 TABLE 10-4: DATA ASSUMED AND/OR AVAILABLE FOR RAIN WATER HARVESTING ............................. 132 TABLE 10-4: WATER QUANTITY OF RUNOFF WATER .................................................................................. 132 TABLE 10-5: HOURLY RUNOFF ....................................................................................................................... 132 TABLE10-6: BUDGET FOR CONSERVATION PLAN ........................................................................................ 144

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 2-1: LOCATION MAP OF THE PROJECT SITE ........................................................................................ 9 FIGURE 2-2: SITE VISIT PHOTOGRAPHS ............................................................................................................. 9 FIGURE 2-3: 10 KM STUDY AREA MAP ............................................................................................................. 10 FIGURE 2-4:GOOGLE IMAGE (SHORT VIEW) OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT SITE ......................................... 10 FIGURE 2-5: TOPOGRAPHY MAP OF MINE LEASE AREA ................................................................................ 11 FIGURE2-6: WATER BALANCE .......................................................................................................................... 17 FIGURE 3-1: WIND ROSE DIAGRAM OF STUDY PERIOD (DECEMBER 2018 TO FEBRUARY 2019)............. 23 FIGURE 3-2: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATION .................................................................... 25 FIGURE 3-3 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATIONS OF PARTICULATE POLLUTANTS (PM10 AND PM 2.5) .......... 28 FIGURE 3-4 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF NO2 AND SO2 POLLUTANT ................................................ 28 FIGURE 3-5 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF CO POLLUTANT .................................................................. 29 FIGURE 3-6: NOISE QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS ............................................................................... 31 FIGURE 3-7 EQUIVALENT NOISE LEVELS AT ALL LOCATIONS ...................................................................... 32 FIGURE 3-8: PIE CHART REPRESENTATIONS FOR TOTAL VEHICULAR DATA ON SH-3 .............................. 34 FIGURE 3-9: SHOWING THE EVACUATION GATES AND HAULAGE ROAD /MOTORABLE ROAD MAP ....... 35 FIGURE 3-10:- TRANSPORTATION MAP OF 10 KM BUFFER AREA ................................................................ 36 FIGURE 3-11: MAP SHOWING WATER SAMPLING LOCATION ....................................................................... 39 FIGURE 3-12: MAP SHOWING SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS........................................................................... 41 FIGURE 3-13:LAND USE LAND COVER .............................................................................................................. 45 FIGURE 3-14: GEOLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL MAP OF THE BIKANER DISTRICT ...................... 48 FIGURE 3-15: RAINFALL DISTRIBUTION MAP OF THE DISTRICT ................................................................. 49 FIGURE 3-16: HYDROGEOLOGY AND STAGE OF GROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT (BLOCK WISE) MAP OF

BIKANER DISTRICT ................................................................................................................................... 50 FIGURE 3-17:DEPTH TO WATER LEVEL IN THE PRE AND POST MONSOON PERIOD (2011) ..................... 51 FIGURE 3-18: MAP SHOWING SAMPLING LOCATIONS FOR BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT ......................... 52 FIGURE 4-1: SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PREDICTED GLCS OF PM10 DUE TO MINING............................... 81 FIGURE 4-2: SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PREDICTED GLCS OF PM 2.5 DUE TO MINING ............................. 82 FIGURE 4-3:SITE SPECIFIC GROUND WATER TABLE ALONG WITH SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF WATER

TABLE ......................................................................................................................................................... 86 FIGURE 4-4: MODEL OF SEPTIC TANK FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT .................................................. 87 FIGURE 7-1: NOTICE FOR PUBLIC HEARING .................................................................................................. 105 FIGURE 10-1: ENVIRONMENT MONITORING CELL ....................................................................................... 120 FIGURE 10-2: PLANTATION DONE BY FCI ARAVALI GYPSUM AND MINERALS LTD. ................................. 128 FIGURE 10-3: SURFACE PLAN SHOWING PLANTATION ............................................................................... 129



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LIST OF ANNEXURE

Annexure I: ToR Letter

Annexure II: Letter of Intent

Annexure III: Mine Plan Approval Letter

Annexure IV: Earlier EC, CTE & CTO

Annexure V: Past Production Details

Annexure VI: NABL Certificate

Annexure VII: Affidavit by Project Proponent

Annexure VIII: Environmental Policy of FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd

Annexure-IX: No dues certificate

Annexure-X: Public Hearing proceedings



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ABBREVIATIONS

R&R Rehabilitation & Resettlement RDS Respirable Dust Sampler RPM Respirable Particulate Matter RSPM Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter SE South- East SEIAA State Level Environmental Assessment Authority SO2 Sulphur-di-Oxide SOI Survey Of India SOPs Standard Operating Procedures SPCB State Pollution Control Board SPM Suspended Particulate Matter SSE South Of South-East SSW South Of South-West TPA Tone Per Hour TDS Total Dissolve Solid TOR Terms Of Reference TPH Tones Per Hour TS Total Solid US EPA United State Environmental Protection Agencies w.e.f. With Effective From w.r.t. With Reference To W/W Weight By Weight WNW West of North-West WSW West of South-West LOS Level of Service PCU Passenger Car Unit AAQM Ambient Air Quality Monitoring CM Centimeter CPCB Central Pollution Control Board dB Decibel DG Diesel Generator



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Undertaking by Project Proponent

The Environmental Impact Assessment Report and Environment Management Plan for

Existing Kaoni Gypsum Mining project, over an area of area 250.53 ha with production

capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum and 136191 cu.m/year by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and

Minerals India Ltd by Mantec Consultants Pvt Ltd have been reviewed thoroughly at our

end before submission. I, on behalf of M/ FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd

hereby undertake that the data and information provided in the report are correct to

the best of our understanding, and we own responsibility for correctness of contents of

the EIA report.

M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd



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Undertaking by Accredited Consultant Organization

I, A. S. Brara, hereby, confirm that the this EIA EMP Report for Existing Kaoni Gypsum

Mining project, over an area of area 250.53ha with production capacity 50,000 TPA

Gypsum and 136191 cu.m/year by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd has

been prepared at Mantec Consultants Pvt. Ltd.

I also confirm that I shall be fully accountable for any miss-leading information

mentioned in this Report.

Signature :

Name : Mr. A.S. Brara

Designation : CMD

Name of the EIA Consultant Organization: Mantec Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Noida-01301

QCI/NABET Accredited EIA Consultant at S.No.104 as per List of Accredited consultant

Organizations/Rev.82/Dec, 2019 and MoEF&CC and NABL approved Laboratory.



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NABET Annexure – VII

Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral)

Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA

Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat Distt - Bikaner

(Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd.

Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA:

I, hereby, certify that I was part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the

above EIA.

EIA Coordinator: Name : Mr. S.B. Sinha,

Signature and Date :

Period of Involvement: November 2018 to May 2019 EIA Coordinator: Name : Mr. Punit Lal Mahto,

Signature and Date :

Period of Involvement: October 2019 to till date

Functional Area Expert

S. No.

Functional Areas

Name of the Experts

Involvement (task & period)

Signature & Date

1 AP* Mr. A.S. Brara

November 2018 to May 2019 Identification of Air Quality Monitoring

Network Supervision of ambient air quality

monitoring Review of primary air quality

monitoring report and analysis Addressing air quality issues in EIA

Report and suggesting mitigation measures for impacts due to air pollution and review

Review and analysis of primary meteorological data

2 WP* Mr. S.B. Sinha

November 2018 to May 2019 Identification of water sampling

locations, their time and frequency



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xiii

pertaining to site conditions Counter checking of analysis of data by

literature study and consultation with local people and concerned departments

Identification of water quality by analysis report study and detection of potential hazards due to developmental activity

Checking of water availability by literature study and by interacting concerned Govt. Officials like GWB and irrigation dept.

Assisted by Mr. A.S. Brara in all aspects related to Water Pollution

3 SHW* Mr. S.B.

Sinha November 2018 to May 2019 Estimated the waste generation quantity

due to various construction activity Devising measures to minimize wastes;

recycle and disposal Identification methods of recycling and

reuse Ensured incorporation of the same into the EIA report.

4 SE* Mr. Anil Kumar

November 2018 to May 2019 Evaluation of socio economic status of

tribal/ non- tribal areas Assessment of social impact Collection of secondary information

Survey tool design Reconnaissance study, transect walk Community participation, Mitigation

plan Stakeholder consultation

5 EB Dr. Vivek Diwedi Dr. Rajdeep

November 2018 to May 2019 Visited site to identify the ecological

condition of project area by direct field study and identification of major floral and faunal species

Identification of potential impact due to the project interventions and developing mitigation measures by direct field study and consulting the stakeholders like forest and wildlife officials, local people etc.



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xiv

6 HG* Mr. R. K. Khanna

November 2018 to May 2019 Identification of the water sources and

drainage pattern Analyze them to identify the likely

impacts Devise mitigation measures and assisted

in preparation of the EIA report.

7 GEO* Mr. B.M. Sinha

November 2018 to May 2019 Identification of nature of geology of

the project area Identification of areas likely to be

affected by soil erosion Devised protection measures for

embankment slope and water bodies

8 SC* Dr. Vivek Diwedi

November 2018-till now; Identification of soil quality and soil type

for establishing the baseline conditions Assessing the impact on soil due to

various activities of the project Suggest mitigation measures to control

the adverse impact Preparation of report for incorporation

in the EIA

Dr. Rajdeep November 2018-till now; Identification of soil quality and soil type

for establishing the baseline condition Assessing the impact on soil due to

various activities of the project Suggest mitigation measures to control

the adverse impact Preparation of report for incorporation

in the EIA

9 AQ* Mr. S.B. Sinha

November 2018 to May 2019 Analysis of air quality data,

meteorological data, traffic data etc. as per the requirements of Pollution Dispersion model (ISCST3)

Assessment of secondary data requirements for modeling, collection of secondary data like mixing height, stability class etc.

Predict air quality using pollution dispersion model (ISCST3)

Interpretation, analysis and presentation of predicted results of pollution dispersion modeling

Review and finalization of report

Mr. A.S. Brara

November 2018-till now; • Analysis of air quality data,

meteorological data, traffic data etc. as



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xv

per the requirements of Pollution Dispersion model (AERMOD)

• Assessment of secondary data requirements for modeling, collection of secondary data like mixing height, stability class etc.

• Predict air quality using pollution dispersion model (AERMOD)

• Interpretation, analysis and presentation of predicted results of pollution dispersion modeling

• Review and finalization of report 10 NV* Mr. A.S.

Brara November 2018-till now; • Identification of Noise Quality

Monitoring Network and noise sensitive location along the project stretch

• Supervision of ambient noise quality monitoring

• Review of noise quality monitoring report

• Addressing noise related issues in EIA report and suggesting measures for impacts due to noise pollution

Analysis of noise quality data, traffic data etc. as per the requirement of mathematical model of FHWA-TNM Interpretation, analysis and presentation of predicted results.

11 LU* Mr. Manoj Kr. Singh

November 2018-till now; Identification and collection of satellite

images and other associated maps for the project area

Creation of GIS data base and processing of satellite imageries

Devised measure to save sensitive and productive land uses by suggesting option of realignment, bypass and eccentric widening

Analysis of land use map and incorporation of land use details into EIA

12 RH* Mrs. Ashwani Ganvir

November 2018-till now; Identification of the potentially

hazardous material and events that night occur during various phases of the project

Devising contingency plan for each type of hazard

Incorporation of the same in the EIA report

Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd


Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xvi

TOR COMPLIANCE

ToR was issued by Ministry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi vide file NoJ-11015/02/2019-IA.II (M) on dated 27.03.2019 for the for Existing

Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year

OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd. Point wise compliance of

ToR has been given below in table:-

ToR Description Reply Citation

Standard Terms of Reference (TOR) for Mining Project

1. The TOR will not be operational till such time the

Project Proponent complies with all the

statutory requirements and judgment of Hon‘ble

Supreme Court dated the 2nd August 2017 in

Writ Petition (Civil) No. 114 of 2014 in the

matter of Common Cause versus Union of India

and Ors.

Project Proponent will comply with all the statutory

requirements and judgment of Hon‘ble Supreme Court dated

the 2nd August 2017 in Writ Petition (Civil) No. 114 of 2014 in

the matter of Common Cause versus Union of India and Ors.

--

2. Department of Mining & Geology, State

Government shall ensure that mining operation

shall not commence till the entire compensation

levied, for illegal mining paid by the Project

Proponent through their respective Department

of Mining & Geology in strict compliance of

judgment of Hon‘ble Supreme Court dated the

2nd August 2017 in Writ Petition (Civil) No. 114

of 2014 in the matter of Common Cause versus

Union of India and Ors.

Not applicable, as mining operation is being carried out from

the allotted mine lease for Mining of Gypsum. There is no

illegal mining.

No dues NOC dated 28.11.2018 has been obtained from Mines

and Geology Department, Bikaner.

Annexure-IX

3. Year-wise production details since 1994 should

be given, clearly stating the highest production

achieved in any one year prior to 1994. It may

This is a existing mining Lease area and lease has been grant

by DMG vide order no. F-3(141) Khan/Group-2/07 on dated

17/10/2011 for a period of 20 years i.e. 01/04/2003 to

Annexure-II

Annexure-V.



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xvii

also be categorically informed whether there had

been any increase in production after the EIA

Notification, 1994 came into force w.r.t. the

highest production achieved prior to 1994.

31/03/2023. As per the amendment in MMDR Act-1957 came

in to existence on dated 12.01.2015 where the lease period is

automatically extended for 50 years i.e. up to 31.03.2053. Past

production details is attached as Annexure-V.

4. A copy of the document in support of the fact

that the Proponent is the rightful lessee of the

mine should be given.

The copy of lease grant from Mining department and a copy of

Earlier EC is attached as Annexure-II and IV.

Annexure-II

Annexure-IV

5. All documents including approved mine plan,

EIA and Public Hearing should be compatible

with one another in terms of the mine lease area,

production levels, waste generation and its

management, mining technology etc. and should

be in the name of the lessee.

Complied. --

6. All corner coordinates of the mine lease area,

superimposed on a High Resolution

Imagery/toposheet, topographic sheet,

geomorphology and geology of the area should

be provided. Such an Imagery of the proposed

area should clearly show the land use and other

ecological features of the study area (core and

buffer zone).

All corners of the coordinates of ML area are superimposed on

topo sheet of survey of India Toposheet (OSM) No.44 H/4,

44H/3, 44D/15, 44D/14 and given in Chapter-1.

High Resolution Imagery/topo-sheet, topographic sheet of the

10 Km radius study area of proposed project has been given in

land environment study of Chapter-3.

Chapter-2, Figure 2-5,

Page –11

Chapter-3, Figure 3-

15, page 45

7. Information should be provided in Survey of

India Toposheet in 1:50,000 scale indicating

geological map of the area, geomorphology of

land forms of the area, existing minerals and

mining history of the area, important water

bodies, streams and rivers and soil

characteristics.

All maps are provided superimposed on toposheet of survey

of India in 1:50,000 scales showing all land forms of the area,

important water bodies, streams and rivers etc. are given in

chapter 3.

Geological and Mineral Map of Bikaner District is incorporated

in chapter-3 of EIA/EMP Report.

Chapter-2, Figure 2-5,

Page 11

Chapter-3, Figure 3-

15, page 45

Chapter-3, Figure-3-

17, page 48



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xviii

Important water bodies, streams and rivers related

information given in Chapter-1.

Chapter-1, Table-1-1

page 3

8. Details about the land proposed for mining

activities should be given with information as to

whether mining conforms to the land use policy

of the State; land diversion for mining should

have approval from State land use board or the

concerned authority.

The allotted lease area is 250.53 ha at Near Village – Kaoni,

Tehsil Kolayat Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan). This lease area has

been allotted to proponent by government hence, there is no

land diversion needed.

------

9. It should be clearly stated whether the

proponent Company has a well laid down

Environment Policy approved by its Board of

Directors? If so, it may be spelt out in the EIA

Report with description of the prescribed

operating process/procedures to bring into

focus any infringement/deviation/violation of

the environmental or forest norms/ conditions?

The hierarchical system or administrative order

of the Company to deal with the environmental

issues and for ensuring compliance with the EC

conditions may also be given. The system of

reporting of non-compliances / violations of

environmental norms to the Board of Directors

of the Company and/or shareholders or

stakeholders at large, may also be detailed in the

proposed safeguard measures in each case

should also be provided.

Yes, The company has formulated Environmental policy which

is approved by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India

Ltd and has been incorporated in EIA report.

The Policy contains the hierarchical system of the company to

deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring the

compliance with EC conditions. All the non-

compliances/violations of environmental laws will as per

QMS.

Annexure-VIII

Chapter-10, section

10.0, figure-10-1, page

120

10. Issues relating to Mine Safety, including

subsidence study in case of underground mining

and slope study in case of open cast mining,

Mines safety for workers working at the site has been taken

care of. Safety measures related to risks during mining

activity, natural disasters, etc. has been proposed. The details

Chapter-7, section 7.2,

7.3 page 110-115.



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xix

blasting study etc. should be detailed. The

proposed safeguard measures in each case

should also be provided.

Risk assessment study has been incorporated in the EIA/EMP

Report.

There will be no underground mining; hence, subsidence

study is not required.

Blasting Study

There is no blasting activity is proposed in this mining project.

11. The study area will comprise of 10 km zone

around the mine lease from lease periphery and

the data contained in the EIA such as waste

generation etc. should be for the life of the mine

/ lease period.

10 Km periphery of the ML boundary has been considered as

study area in this EIA report.

Life of Mine at the rate of 50000 TPA excavation rate will be

14.05 Years.

The total OB generated during the next five years will be

682589 m3.

Chapter-2, section

2.7.2 and 2.9.6, Table-

2-4 page 14-16.

12. Land use of the study area delineating forest

area, agricultural land, grazing land, wildlife

sanctuary, national park, migratory routes of

fauna, water bodies, human settlements and

other ecological features should be indicated.

Land use plan of the mine lease area should be

prepared to encompass preoperational,

operational and post operational phases and

submitted. Impact, if any, of change of land use

should be given.

Land Use of the study area has been incorporated.

S. No Classes Area (sq.km) Area in % 1 Settlement 79.47 20.40

2 Agriculture 210.15 53.94

3 Vegetation 4.43 1.14 4 Waste Land 1.26 0.32 5 Water Bodies 2.11 0.54 6 Desert 92.18 23.66

Total 389.60 100.00

Land use plan of the mine lease area showing the

preoperational, operational and post operational phases is

incorporated in Chapter-2 of the EIA/EMP Report.

Impact of mining on land use also incorporated in Chapter-4.

Chapter-3, section-

3.10, Table 3-13, Page

43

Chapter-2, section-

2.9.8, Table- 2-6, Page-

16

Chapter-4, section-4.7,

page 89.

13. Details of the land for any Over Burden Dumps

outside the mine lease, such as extent of land

area, distance from mine lease, its land use, R&R

There is 682589 m3 waste will be generated during the next 5

years and generated quantity of OB will be simultaneously

year wise backfilled in 17.62 ha.

Chapter -2, section

2.7.2 and 2.9.6, Table-

2-4 page 14-16



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xx

issues, if any, should be given. At the end of the mine 241.18, ha area will be mined out and

followed by backfilling. All the backfilled part will be

converted into green belt. There is no human settlement in

allotted mine lease area.

14. A Certificate from the Competent Authority in

the State Forest Department should be provided,

confirming the involvement of forest land, if any,

in the project area. In the event of any contrary

claim by the Project Proponent regarding the

status of forests, the site may be inspected by the

State Forest Department along with the Regional

Office of the Ministry to ascertain the status of

forests, based on which, the Certificate in this

regard as mentioned above be issued. In all such

cases, it would be desirable for representative of

the State Forest Department to assist the Expert

Appraisal Committees.

The Mining Lease area does not involve any forest land. --

15. Status of forestry clearance for the broken up

area and virgin forestland involved in the Project

including deposition of net present value (NPV)

and compensatory afforestation (CA) should be

indicated. A copy of the forestry clearance should

also be furnished.

The Mining Lease area does not involve any forest land. ---

16. Implementation status of recognition of forest

rights under the Scheduled Tribes and other

Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of

Forest Rights) Act, 2006 should be indicated.

There is no involvement of forest land in the project area. --

17. The vegetation in the RF / PF areas in the study

area, with necessary details, should be given.

Proposed mine lease area is free from any forest land (RF/PF).

There is no National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Biosphere

Chapter-3, section-

3.12, page 53-62.



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxi

Reserve within 10 km of project site. Vegetation study has

been done in 10 Km periphery of mine lease area and their

details is given in Chapter-3.

18. A study shall be got done to ascertain the impact

of the Mining Project on wildlife of the study

area and details furnished. Impact of the project

on the wildlife in the surrounding and any other

protected area and accordingly, detailed

mitigative measures required, should be worked

out with cost implications and submitted.

EB Study has been carried out by the Ecology and Biodiversity

Expert (NABET/QCI Approved) in and around the lease area

to study the wild life of the area heir details is given in

Chapter-3.

Nine Schedule-I species (Wildlife protection Act, 1972) was

recorded and their conservation plan (Rs. 20 Lakhs) has been

given in Chapter-10 of EIA/EMP Report.

Chapter-3, section-

3.12, page 53-62.

Chapter-10, section-

10.13, page 131

19. Location of National Parks, Sanctuaries,

Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Corridors, Ramsar

site Tiger/Elephant Reserves/(existing as well as

proposed), if any, within 10 km of the mine lease

should be clearly indicated, supported by a

location map duly authenticated by Chief

Wildlife Warden. Necessary clearance, as may be

applicable to such projects due to proximity of

the ecologically sensitive areas as mentioned

above, should be obtained from the Standing

Committee of National Board of Wildlife and

copy furnished.

No National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuary, Biosphere Reserves

Wildlife Corridors, Tiger/Elephant Reserves/Critically

Polluted areas/Aravali are falling within 10 Km of the study

area.

Chapter-1 & 2, Table-

1-1, page-3 and

Figure-2-5, page 11

20. A detailed biological study of the study area

[core zone and buffer zone (10 km radius of the

periphery of the mine lease)] shall be carried

out. Details of flora and fauna, endangered,

endemic and RET Species duly authenticated,

separately for core and buffer zone should be

A detailed biological study (of 10 Km radius study area) was

conducted by Ecology and Biodiversity Expert and the details

are incorporated in the Chapter 3.

List of Flora and Fauna has been prepared based on primary

survey and secondary sources.

Chapter-3, section-

3.12, page 51-64.



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxii

furnished based on such primary field survey,

clearly indicating the Schedule of the fauna

present. In case of any scheduled-I fauna found

in the study area, the necessary plan along with

budgetary provisions for their conservation

should be prepared in consultation with State

Forest and Wildlife Department and details

furnished. Necessary allocation of funds for

implementing the same should be made as part

of the project cost

21. Proximity to Areas declared as ‘Critically

Polluted‘ or the Project areas likely to come

under the ‘Aravali Range‘, (attracting court

restrictions for mining operations), should also

be indicated and where so required, clearance

certifications from the prescribed Authorities,

such as the SPCB or State Mining Dept. Should be

secured and furnished to the effect that the

proposed mining activities could be considered.

The project site is neither falling in proximity to area declared

as Critically Polluted nor falling in Aravali Range. The valid

and lawful LoI of this project site has been granted to the lease

holder by the Mining Department of Rajasthan Government.

The mine lease area is neither falling under Aravali Plantation

nor in forest area under section 4 and 5 PLPA 1900 as per

record of Forest Department, Govt. of Rajasthan.

Annexure-II

22. Similarly, for coastal Projects, A CRZ map duly

authenticated by one of the authorized agencies

demarcating LTL. HTL, CRZ area, location of the

mine lease w.r.t CRZ, coastal features such as

mangroves, if any, should be furnished. (Note:

The Mining Projects falling under CRZ would

also need to obtain approval of the concerned

Coastal Zone Management Authority).

Not Applicable, since the project site does not comes under

coastal area.

--

23. R&R Plan/compensation details for the Project

Affected People (PAP) should be furnished.

There is no Project Affected Person (PAP) by the proposed

mining activities. Hence, there is no need of R&R Plan.

--



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxiii

While preparing the R&R Plan, the relevant

State/National Rehabilitation & Resettlement

Policy should be kept in view. In respect of SCs

/STs and other weaker sections of the society in

the study area, a need based sample survey,

family-wise, should be undertaken to assess

their requirements, and action programmes

prepared and submitted accordingly, integrating

the sectoral programmes of line departments of

the State Government. It may be clearly brought

out whether the village(s) located in the mine

lease area will be shifted or not. The issues

relating to shifting of village(s) including their

R&R and socio-economic aspects should be

discussed in the Report.

Socio economic study has been done and incorporated in

chapter 3.

Chapter-3, section

3.13, page 64-74.

24. One season (non-monsoon) [i.e. March May

(Summer Season); October-December (post

monsoon season); December- February winter

season)]primary baseline data on ambient air

quality as per CPCB Notification of 2009, water

quality, noise level, soil and flora and fauna shall

be collected and the AAQ and other data so

compiled presented date-wise in the EIA and

EMP Report. Site-specific meteorological data

should also be collected. The location of the

monitoring stations should be such as

torepresent whole of the study area and justified

keeping in view the predominant downwind

direction and location of sensitive receptors.

Baseline data of study area within 10 Km radius of the project

site was collected during winter season (Dec. 2018 to

February 2019) as per ToR no. J-11015/02/2019-IA.II (M)

approved from MoEF&CC dated 27.03.2019.

The laboratory report and field monitoring data of Air, water,

noise and soil etc. has been collected and give in EIA/EMP

Report.

Site specific meteorology data was collected and incorporated

in EIA/EMP Report.

Chapter-3, section 3.4-

3.12 page 22-64.

Chapter-3, section

3.4.2, page 22-23.



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxiv

There should be at least one monitoring station

within 500m of the mine lease in the pre -

dominant downwind direction. The

mineralogical composition of PM10, particularly

for free silica, should be given.

25. Air quality modeling should be carried out for

prediction of impact of the project on the air

quality of the area. It should also take into

account the impact of movement of vehicles for

transportation of mineral. The details of the

model used and input parameters used for

modelling should be provided. The air quality

contours may be shown on a location map

clearly indicating the location of the site, location

of sensitive receptors, if any, and the habitation.

The wind roses showing pre-dominant wind

direction may also be indicated on the map.

Complied in chapter 4 of EIA/ EMP Report. Chapter-4, section 4.3

at Page-77

26. The water requirement for the Project, its

availability and source should be furnished. A

detailed water balance should also be provided.

Fresh water requirement for the Project should

be indicated.

Water requirement in this project site is 43.55 KLD. Water will

be taken from existing water sources from tanker supply. The

details are incorporated in the EIA/EMP report.

Total Water Requirement= 43.55KLD

Dust Suppression =17.15 KLD

Plantation= 25 KLD

Domestic Purpose= 1.4 KLD

Chapter-2, section

2.9.9.1 page 16-17.

27. Necessary clearance from the Competent

Authority for drawl of requisite quantity of

water for the Project should be provided.

Water requirement will be fulfilled through the hired tanker

supply.

----

28. Description of water conservation measures

proposed to be adopted in the Project should be

Plantation is proposed, which will increase the water holding

capacity and help in recharging of ground water. Rainwater

Chapter-10, section-

10.12 page 131



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxv

given. Details of rainwater harvesting proposed

in the Project, if any, should be provided.

harvesting has been proposed to install. For water harvesting

system Rs. 0.70 lakhs budget has been allocated in the EMP.

29. Impact of the Project on the water quality, both

surface and groundwater, should be assessed

and necessary safeguard measures, if any

required, should be provided.

No toxic substances are released both into the atmosphere or

water courses due to mining of gypsum. Water sampling of

both surface water was done and tested. Water quality is

below the permissible limit.

Impacts & its mitigation measures are discussed in chapter-4.


page 85.

30. Based on actual monitored data, it may clearly be

shown whether working will intersect

groundwater. Necessary data and

documentation in this regard may be provided.

In case the working will intersect groundwater

table, a detailed Hydro Geological Study should

be undertaken and Report furnished. The Report

inter-alia, shall include details of the aquifers

present and impact of mining activities on these

aquifers. Necessary permission from Central

Ground Water Authority for working below

ground water and for pumping of ground water

should also be obtained and copy furnished.

The ground water table will be intercepted 40-50 meter below

the surface and the mining is proposed up to an ultimate

depth of 4.55 meter. So, mining will not intersect the ground

water table.

Chapter-4, Figure-4-3

page 86.

31. Details of any stream, seasonal or otherwise,

passing through the lease area and modification

/ diversion proposed, if any, and the impact of

the same on the hydrology should be.

There is no stream modification/ diversion due to proposed

mining activity.

--

32. Information on site elevation, working depth,

ground water table etc. Should be provided both

in AMSL and BGL. A schematic diagram may also

be provided for the same.

Schematic diagram of mining depth also incorporated in

Chapter-4.

Chapter-4, Figure-4-3

page 86.

33. A time bound Progressive Greenbelt A suitable combination of trees that can grow fast and have Chapter-10, section-



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxvi

Development Plan shall be prepared in a tabular

form (indicating the linear and quantitative

coverage, plant species and time frame) and

submitted, keeping in mind, the same will have

to be executed up front on commencement of the

Project. Phase-wise plan of plantation and

compensatory afforestation should be charted

clearly indicating the area to be covered under

plantation and the species to be planted. The

details of plantation already done should be

given. The plant species selected for green belt

should have greater ecological value and should

be of good utility value to the local population

with emphasis on local and native species and

the species which are tolerant to pollution.

good leaf cover shall be adopted to develop the greenbelt. It is

proposed to plant 5000 numbers of native species every year.

Schedule of Plantation has been given in EIA/ EMP Report.

10.7 page -122

34. Impact on local transport infrastructure due to

the Project should be indicated. Projected

increase in truck traffic as a result of the Project

in the present road network (including those

outside the Project area) should be worked out,

indicating whether it is capable of handling the

incremental load. Arrangement for improving

the infrastructure, if contemplated (including

action to be taken by other agencies such as

State Government) should be covered. Project

Proponent shall conduct Impact of

Transportation study as per Indian Road

Congress Guidelines.

During the mining operation the mine out Gypsum material

will be transported by road, this will increase the existing

traffic.

About 18 PCU will be added to the existing traffic in the area,

daily. The existing network of roads would be able to absorb

additional PCU. Details traffic study is given in Chapter-3

However, regular maintenance of roads is proposed.

Details regarding impact, mitigation and control measures of

traffic are discussed in chapter-4.


Page 33-36.

Chapter-4, section

4.14, Page 95.

35. Details of the onsite shelter and facilities to be Facilities like mine office, rest shelter, first aid room, tool Chapter-2, section



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxvii

provided to the mine workers should be

included in the EIA report.

store, drinking water facility and work shop will be

constructed at the mine site as given in chapter-2.

2.9.9.4, page 18.

36. Conceptual post mining land use and

Reclamation and Restoration of mined out areas

(with plans and with adequate number of

sections) should be given in the EIA report.

Conceptual post mining Land use is incorporated in the

EIA/EMP Report.

Chapter-2, section

2.9.8, Table 2-6, page

16

37. Occupational Health impacts of the Project

should be anticipated and the proposed

preventive measures spelt out in detail. Details

of pre-placement medical examination and

periodical medical examination schedules should

be incorporated in the EMP. The project specific

occupational health mitigation measures with

required facilities proposed in the mining area

May be detailed.

In view of the mining the workers shall be trained to do their

jobs in safe manner. Protective equipments would be

provided. Regular health checks shall be conducted.

The details of Occupational health aspects related to various

activities and preventive and mitigation measures proposed

are given in Chapter-4.


page 113-115

Chapter-4, section

4.13, page 94.

38. Public health implications of the Project and

related activities for the population in the impact

zone should be systematically evaluated and the

proposed remedial measures should be detailed

along with budgetary allocations.

Public health implication like respiratory disorders, noise

induced problems are major issues which will be addressed

properly. Study has been performed which includes to gain an

understanding of the source, identification of exposure

pathway and determination of likely receptor. The impact will

not be concentrated and confined to particular zone. Periodic

health camps will be undertaken under CER activities in the

villages.

Rs 0.42 Lakhs per year will be spent on health checkup camps

for affected population adjacent to the proposed project

activity and proper budget allocation has been given under

CER budget in this EIA/EMP Report.

Chapter-8 section 8.5,

page 118.

39. Measures of socio economic significance and

influence to the local community proposed to be

Local people near to proposed project will be benefited in

terms of employment and social welfare program which are

Chapter-8 section 8.5,

page 118.



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxviii

provided by the Project Proponent should be

indicated. As far as possible, quantitative

dimensions may be given with time frames for

implementation.

proposed under CSR & CER.

Details of CER & CSR activities have been given in detailed in

Chapter- 8 &10.

Chapter-10, section

10.9, page 130

40. Detailed environmental management plan to

mitigate the environmental impacts which,

should inter-alia include the impacts of change of

land use, loss of agricultural and grazing land, if

any, occupational health impacts besides other

impacts specific to the proposed Project.

Complied in Chapter-10 of EIA/EMP Report. Chapter-10 page no.

120-144

41. Public hearing points raised and commitment of

the project proponent on the same along with

time bound action plan to implement the same

should be provided and also incorporated in the

final EIA/EMP Report of the Project.

Public Hearing was held on 20.11.2019 at 11:00 am at venue

Rajiv Gandhi Seva Kendra, Kaoni under the chairmanship of

Mr. A.H. Gauri, Additional District Collector, Bikaner,

Rajasthan. The copy of the notice for Public Hearing is given

figure 7-1. The advertisements for Public Hearing were

published in "Dainik Kamyab Club" on 19.10.2019 and in

"Rajasthan Patrika" on 20.11.2019, copy attached as

Annexure-X

Chapter-7, section 7.1

at page 105-109.

Annexure-X

42. Details of litigation pending against the project, if

any, with direction /order passed by any Court

of Law against the project should be given.

There is no court case or litigation pending against this project

in any court of law.

--

43. The cost of the project (capital cost and

recurring cost) as well as the cost towards

implementation of EMP should clearly be spelt

out.

Complied. ---

44. A Disaster Management Plan shall be prepared

and included in the EIA/EMP report.

Disaster Management Plan is given in chapter-7 of the

EIA/EMP Report.

Chapter-7, section-

7.2.3, page 110



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxix

45. Benefits of the project if the project is

implemented should be spelt out. The benefits of

the project shall clearly indicate environmental,

social, economic, employment potential etc.

Details of benefits of the project, which indicates

environmental, social, economic, employment potential etc.

are given in Chapter-8 of EIA/ EMP Report.

Chapter-8 section 8.5, page 118.

46. The activities and budget earmarked for

Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER)

shall be as per Ministry's O.M No 22-65/2017-

IA.II(M) dated 01.05.2018 and the action plan on

the activities proposed under CER shall be

submitted at the time of appraisal of the project

included in the EIA/EMP Report.

The activities and budget earmarked for Corporate

Environmental Responsibility (CER) shall be as per Ministry's

O.M No 22-65/2017-IA.II(M) dated 01.05.2018 and the action

plan on the activities proposed under CER for the project are

given Chapter- 8 of EIA/EMP Report.

Chapter-8 section 8.5, page 118.

47. The Action Plan on the compliance of the

recommendations of the CAG as per Ministry's

Circular No. J-11013/71/2016-IA.I (M), dated

25.10.2017 needs to be submitted at the time of

appraisal of the project and included in the

EIA/EMP Report.

Complied. --

48. Compliance of the Ministry‘s Office

Memorandum No. F: 3-50/2017-IA.III (Pt.),

dated 30.05.2018 on the judgment of Hon‘ble

Supreme Court, dated the 2nd August, 2017 in

Writ Petition (Civil) No. 114 of 2014 in the

matter of Common Cause versus Union of India

needs to be submitted and included in the

EIA/EMP Report.

Complied. ---

General Points

49. Besides the above, the below mentioned general points are also

a) All documents to be properly referenced with index and continuous

page numbering.

Complied. --



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxx

b) Where data are presented in the Report especially in Tables, the

period in which the data were collected and the sources should be

indicated.

Indicated --

c) Project Proponent shall enclose all the analysis/testing reports of

water, air, soil, noise etc. using the MoEF&CC/NABL accredited

laboratories. All original analysis/testing reports should be

available during appraisal of the project.

Enclosed --

d) Where the documents provided are in language other than English,

an English translation should be provided.

Provided ---

e) The Questionnaire for environmental appraisal of mining projects

as devised earlier by the Ministry shall be filled and submitted.

Complied --

f) While preparing the EIA report, the instructions for the proponents

and instructions for the Consultants issued by MoEF vide O.M. No. J-

11013/41/2006-IA.II(I) dated 4th August, 2009, which are available

on the website of this Ministry, should be followed.

Followed ---

g) Changes, if any made in the basic scope and project parameters (as

submitted in Form-1 and the PFR for securing TOR) should be

brought to the attention of MoEF&CC with reasons for such

changes and the permission should be sought, as the TOR may also

have to be altered. Post Public Hearing changes in structure and

content of the Final EIA/EMP (other than modifications arising out

of the P.H. process) will entail conducting the PH again with the

revised documentation.

Will be complied --

h) As per the circular no.J-11011/618/2010-IA. II (I) dated 30.5.2012,

certified report of the status of compliance of the conditions

stipulated in the environment clearance for the existing operations

of the project, should be obtained from the Regional Office of

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, as may be

applicable.

Will be complied --



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxxi

i) The EIA report should also include (i) surface plan of the area

indicating contours of main topographic features, drainage and

mining area, (ii) geological maps and sections and(iii) Sections of

the mine pit and external dumps, if any, clearly showing the land

features of the adjoining area.

Included --

Specific ToR (Mining)

1 PP should submit an undertaking by way of affidavit as

required as per Ministry's O.M No 3-50/2017 -IA. II(M) dated

30.05.2018 to comply with all the statutory requirements and

judgment of Hon'ble Supreme Court dated the 2nd August

2017 in Writ Petition (Civil) No. 114 of 2014 in the matter of

Common Cause versus Union of India and Ors.

Already submitted at the time of ToR Presentation. copy attached as

Annexure-VII

2 PP should submit the details of statutory clearances,

permissions, No objection certificates, consents etc. required

for this project under various Acts, Rules and regulations.

Environmental Clearance for Kaoni Gypsum (Minor

Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area

250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA

Gypsum under the provisions of EIA Notification,

1994 has been obtained vide letter no J-

11015/143/2005-IA.II (M) dated 26th May, 2006.

Copy enclosed as

Annexure-IV.

3 The PP should submit the detailed plan in tabular format (year-

wise for 30 years) for afforestation and green belt development

in and around the mining lease. The PP should submit the

number of saplings to be planted, area to be covered under

afforestation & green belt, target for survival rate and budget

earmarked for the afforestation &green belt development. In

addition to this PP should show on a surface plan (5 year

interval for 30 years) of suitable scale the area to be covered

under afforestation & green belt clearly mentioning the latitude

and longitude of the area to be covered during each 5 years.

The detailed afforestation and green belt

development plan is given in chapter-10 of this

EIA/EMP Report.

Chapter-10,

Figure- 10.3,

section 10.7, page

122-129.



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxxii

4 The PP should submit the quantity of surface or ground water

to be used for this project. The complete water balance cycle

need to be submitted. In addition to this PP should submit a

detailed plan for rain water harvesting measures to be taken.

The PP should submit the year wise target for reduction in

consumption of ground water by developing alternative source

of water through rain water harvesting measures. The capital

and recurring expenditure to be incurred in this needs to be

submitted.

The total water requirement for the proposed

project is 43.55 KLD and water requirement will be

fulfilled through tanker supply. No ground water

will be withdrawal. Water balance diagram is given

in Chapter of this EIA EMP Report.

No ground water will be used for this mining

Project. A detailed plan for rainwater harvesting is

given in chapter-10.

The capital and recurring expenditure is given

under EMP Budget.

Chapter-2, section

2.9.9.1, figure 2-6,

page 16-17

Chapter-10,

section 10.12,

page 131.

Chapter-10, table-

10-3, page 131

5 The PP should clearly bring out the details of the manpower to

be engaged for this project with their

roles/responsibilities/designations. In addition to this PP

should mention the number and designation of person to be

engaged for implementation of environmental management

plan (EMP).

The details of the manpower to be engaged for this

project with their

roles/responsibilities/designations are given in

Chapter-2.

Chapter-2, section

2.9.9.2 at page-17.

6 The PP should submit the year-wise, activity wise and time

bound budget earmarked for EMP, occupational health

surveillance & Corporate Environmental Responsibility needs

to be submitted.

Year-wise, activity-wise and time bound budget

earmarked for EMP is given in Chapter-10.

Occupational health surveillance & Corporate

Environmental Responsibilities are given in

Chapter-7.

Chapter-10,

section 10.11,

Table- 10-3 page

131

Chapter-7, section

7.3, page 113

7 PP should submit the measures to be adopted for prevention of

illegal mining and pilferage of mineral needs to be submitted.

The procedure for re-conciliation of the material excavated

from the mines needs to be submitted, frequency of

The mining activities are being done in the allotted

lease area for the extraction of Gypsum. The

activities are not showing any type of illegal mining.

Mining operation will be carried out in Systematic

----



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxxiii

reconciliation of the material excavated with material

dispatched, material stored within the mining lease area,

waste/O.B/reject dumped in the mining lease area, top soil

dumped and utilized needs to be submitted.

The provision of internal and external audit and how the

records of re-conciliation will be maintained. In addition to

these details of security arrangements, use of surveillance

system, installation of weighbridge, GPS tracking system etc.

needs to be submitted.

In addition to this conversion factor i.e. specific gravity of all

type of material available in the mining lease needs to be

submitted along with test certificate from the authorized

agency.

manner only in allotted lease area to avoid any type

of violation.

The total OB generated during the next five years

will be 682589 m3. The OB generated during the

mining will be utilized to backfilled in excavated

area simultaneously after winning the mineral. The

alluvium is neither suitable for agriculture nor

suitable for any economic purpose. So there is no

separate stacking arrangement of the waste will be

made.

The Internal and external audit will be done to

maintain the records of re-conciliation and proper

security arrangements, use of surveillance system,

installation of weighbridge, GPS tracking system etc.

will be done.

As per approved Scheme of Mining, specific gravity

of Gypsum is 2.1 per cubic meter. Test certificate

will be submitted at the time of EC.

8 PP should submit the detailed mineralogical and chemical

composition of the mineral and percentage of free silica from a

NABL/MoEF&CC accredited laboratory.

This is an existing mine of Gypsum. Therefore, there

is no silica present in the emission.

---

9 PP should clearly show the transport route of the mineral and

protection and mitigative measure to be adopted while

transportation of the mineral. The impact from the center line

of the road on either side should be clearly brought supported

with the line source modeling and isopleths. Further, frequency

of testing of Poly Achromatic Hydrocarbon needs to be

submitted along with budget. Based on the above study the

compensation to be paid in the event of damage to the crop and



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page xxxiv

land on the either side of the road needs to be mentioned.

10 PP should clearly bring out that what is the specific diesel

consumption and steps to be taken for reduction of the same.

Year-wise target for reduction in the specific diesel

consumption needs to be submitted.

All machinery used for the operation are on

contract basis. For reduction of diesel consumption

the following control measures should be adopted :-

Proper maintenance, oiling and greasing of

machines at regular intervals will be done.

The diesel engines are properly maintained.

11 PP should bring out the awareness campaign to be carried out

on various environmental issues, practical training facility to be

provided to the environmental engineers/diploma holders,

mining engineers/diploma holders, geologists, and other trades

related to mining operations. Target for the same needs to be

submitted.

The awareness campaign is being carried out on

various environmental issues, practical training

facility to be provided to the environmental

engineers/diploma holders, mining

engineers/diploma holders, geologists, and other

trades related to mining operations.

--

12 PP should obtain cluster certificate from Department of Mines

8s Geology, Govt. of Rajasthan. The Cluster certificate should be

as per S.O. 141 (E) dated 15.01.2016 and S.O. 2269 dated

01.07.2016. The PP should prepare the EIA/EMP for entire

cluster area as mentioned in cluster certificate".

There is no mining lease present within the 500 m

radius.

--

13 In case of violation of above undertaking, the

ToR/Environmental Clearance shall be liable to be terminated

forthwith.

Not applicable --



Mantec Consultants Private Limited Page 1

CHAPTER-1 : INTRODUCTION

1.0 PREAMBLE

Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process used to identify the environmental, social &

economic impacts of a project prior to decision making. It is a decision-making tool, which guides

the decision makers in taking appropriate decisions for proposed projects. It aims predicting

environmental impacts at an early stage of project planning and design, find ways and means to

reduce adverse impacts, shape projects to suit the local environment and present the predictions

and options to decision makers. By using EIA, both environmental & economic benefits can be

achieved. By considering environmental effects prediction & mitigation, early benefits in project

planning, protection of environment, optimum utilization of resources, thus saving overall time &

cost of the project.

1.1 PURPOSE OF REPORT

M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd has obtained environmental clearance for Kaoni

Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production

capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum under the provisions of EIA Notification, 1994 vide letter no J-

11015/143/2005-IA.II (M) dated 26th May, 2006. The mine has not undergone any modernization,

expansion and change of mining technology so far.

Now, As per the MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018, Fresh Environmental clearance is

required under the provisions of EIA Notification, 2006 for all the mining projects having EC under

EIA Notification, 1994. Accordingly, application for obtaining Environmental Clearance is being

submitted for above subject mining project as per provisions of EIA Notification, 2006.

As per EIA Notification dated 14.09.2006and its latest amendments, this project falls under

Category ‘A’ Project of Activity 1(a) for “Mining of Mineral”.

In this context, Form-I and Pre-Feasibility Report has been submitted to Ministry of Environment &

Forests, New Delhi on date 29 Nov 2018 (online) and requesting for issue of “Terms of Reference”

(ToR).The ToR Presentation was held on 22.01.2019 before EAC of MoEF&CC New Delhi.

Subsequently, the ToR was issued on date 27.03.2019 by Honorable EAC, MoEF&CC vide letter no

J-11015/02/2019-IA.II (M) (enclosed as Annexure-I). We have collected data for one season i.e.

from Dec 2018 to Feb 2019.

About the mining lease:The mining lease over an area of 250.53 ha has been granted in favor of

M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd by the DMG vide order no. F-3(141) Khan/Group-

2/07 on dated 17/10/2011 for a period of 20 years i.e. 01/04/2003 to 31/03/2023. As per the

amendment in MMDR Act-1957 came in to existence on dated 12.01.2015 where the lease period is

automatically extended for 50 years i.e. up to 31.03.2053. The lease area is Located at khasra No.-

74,75,161/1,161/13,162, 165/1,165/2,166/1,131/5,131/6, 131/7,131/8, 131/12 to 131/16,

131/20 to 131/24, Village- Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, District- Bikaner (Raj.) (Copy enclosed as

Annexure-II).

Mine Plan and Progressive Mine Closure Plan/ Mining Scheme: Mining Scheme with

Progressive Mine Closure Plan has been approved by Superintending Mining Engineer, Mines &

Geology Department., Bikaner vide letter No SME/BKN/CC-III/M.S/ML-01/02/679 dated

01.03.2017(Copy enclosed as Annexure-III).




Environmental clearances & Consents

Environmental Clearance for Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML

Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum under the provisions of EIA

Notification, 1994 has been obtained vide letter no J-11015/143/2005-IA.II (M) dated 26th May,

2006.

Consent to Operate has been granted by Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board, Jaipur vide its

file no–F(Mines)/Bikaner(Kolayat)/1940(1)/2015-2016/9791-9795 & order no 2017-

2018/Mines/9720 dated 05.03.2018 valid upto 31.12.2022 for production of 50000 TPA

gypsum (Copy enclosed as Annexure-IV).

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT

Identification of Project and Project Proponent

M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd has obtained environmental clearance for Kaoni

Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production

capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum under the provisions of EIA Notification, 1994 vide letter no J-

11015/143/2005-IA.II (M) dated 26th May, 2006.

Now, As per the MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018, Fresh Environmental clearance is

required under the provisions of EIA Notification, 2006 for all the mining projects having EC

under EIA Notification, 1994. Accordingly, application for obtaining Environmental Clearance is

being submitted for above subject mining project as per provisions of EIA Notification, 2006. The

Mining lease over an area of 250.53 ha has been granted in favor of M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and

Minerals India Ltd by the DMG vide order no. F-3(141) Khan/Group-2/07 on dated 17/10/2011

for a period of 20 years i.e. 01/04/2003 to 31/03/2023. As per the amendment in MMDR Act-

1957 came in to existence on dated 12.01.2015 where the lease period is automatically extended

for 50 years i.e. up to 31.03.2053.

Project Proponent

M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd (FAGMIL) under flagship of Department of

Fertilizers, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers is ISO certified premier company in the country

for producing agriculture and mineral gypsum which has been playing major role in land

reformation in agriculture sector by reclamation od sodic land in India. It has experience of

almost six decades in supplying of gypsum for producing Ammonium Sulphate in Sindri Unit,

Dhanbad. During this period it helped the country in achieving self – sufficiency in food grain

production.

After demerger of FCIL in 2003, it started independently supplying gypsum to cement industries

and different land improvement projects of world bank in UP. Since then, it reclaimed over

thousands of hectare of land in UP and various other states like Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan.

The company excavates gypsum from its various mines situated in different cities of Rajasthan

like Barmer, Jaiselmer, Bikaner, Suratgarh.

Almost all the mines and its registered offices are ISO 9001:2015 and 14001:2015, BS OHSAS

18001:2007. Its mines are equipped with environment friendly and other safety equipments.

The Applicant details are gives below-




S.

No.

Name of the Mine

lease area

Applicant Proponent Name

1. Kaoni Gypsum Mine,

ML Area 250.53 Ha.

Distt - Bikaner

Rajasthan

M/s FCI Aravali

Gypsum and Minerals

India Ltd

Shri Surender Singh Shekhawat, General

Manager

Telephone-0291-2551908, 2544392

Email id: [email protected]

1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF NATURE, SIZE, LOCATION OF THE PROJECT AND ITS

IMPORTANCE TO THE COMPANY REGION

Table 1-1: Brief Description of the Project

S.

No.

Particulars Details

A. Nature and Size of the

Project

Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated

06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral)

Mining project(ML No 01/02,) with production capacity 50,000

TPA Gypsum &136191cum/year OB by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum

and Minerals India Ltd.

B. Location

Name of Unit Khasra Number Area of Block in ha

Kaoni Gypsum Mine 74,75,161/1,161/13,162,165/1,165/2,1

66/1,131/5,131/6,131/7,131/8,131/12

to 131/16, 131/20 to 131/24

250.53

Total 250.53

Village Kaoni,

Tehsil Kolayat,

District Bikaner

State Rajasthan

Geographical

Coordinates

Point Latitude Longitude

A 28009’ 41.49” N 730 06’ 44.83” E

B 28010’ 9.76” N 730 06’ 34.53” E

C 28009’ 42.37” N 730 04’ 58.85” E

D 28009’ 14.11” N 730 05’ 9.15” E

Toposheet (OSM) No. 44 H/4, 44H/3, 44D/15, 44D/14

C. Lease Area Details

Lease Area 250.53ha

Type of Land Govt. Waste land

Topography Flat terrain

Site Elevation Range 170 mRL to 178 mRL Source: Mining Plan

D. Cost Details

Cost of the project Rs. 42.47 Lakhs

Cost for EMP Rs. 5.00 Lakhs/Yr

Cost for CER RS. 0.42 Lakhs/Yr




OH&S Rs. 2.00 Lakhs/Yr

Cost For Biodiversity

Conservation

Rs.10.00 Lakhs/-

E. Environmental Settings of the area

Ecological Sensitive Areas

(National Park, Wild Life

Sanctuary, Biosphere

Reserve, Reserve/

Protected Forest etc.)

within 10 Km radius

No such area is located within 10km radius of the mine lease area.

Inter-state boundary

within 5 Km radius


Nearest Town/ Major City

with 200000 population

Bikaner ~ 24 km in SE direction

Nearest Railway Station Nal railway station~17.08 Km in SE

Nearest State Highway/

National Highway

NH-15 ~13.36 Km in SSE,

SH-3 , ~ 7.73 Km in ENE

Nearest Airport Bikaner Airport ~24.30 Km in SE

Medical Facilities

PHC at village Kaoni, ~0.300 Km SE

Hospital at Bikaner ~ 24.00 km in SE direction

Education Facilities Primary & Sr. Sec. School at village Kaoni, ~0.300 Km SE

Seismic Zone Zone III

Water Body Indira Gandhi Canal ~ 2.34 Km in E

(Source: Site visit /Baseline Data and Pre-feasibility Report)

1.3.1 Importance of Project

The basic objective of the project is the effective utilization of mineral in the country and in the

region.

Role of Gypsum in Cement Industry

Gypsum plays dual role in cement. It is used in a small quantity in the range of 2.5-3.0 percent in

terms of SO4. Gypsum is identified as a set regulator or retarder, and also contributes for

strength acceleration in the early stages of hydration.

Gypsum is the basic requirement for manufacture of cement & fertilizer. Cement and agriculture

are the two major industries in which Gypsum finds its major use. It is estimated that more than

80% of the gypsum production from Rajasthan is used in cement industries, many of whom are

located in southern Rajasthan. Apart from this it is also used in manufacturing of plaster of paris,

partition blocks, sheets and tiles, insulation boards, pharmaceuticals, textiles, paints, paper, in

agriculture as soil conditioner etc.

Over 90% of Gypsum reserves of the India are located in Rajasthan. Rajasthan gypsum is mostly

of gypsite type found in bedded deposits. From the natural gypsum, marine gypsum is recovered

while evaporating brines and phosphor gypsum as a by-product from the phosphatic fertilizer

plants.




Gypsum deposits are available in the western part of the state which account for 81.39% of total

country’s reserves. Rajasthan is the principal producer of Gypsum, accounting for 98.81% of the

total country’s production.

About 20-25% of the gypsum is used for agriculture and land reclamation purposes in the

Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.

Certain Gypsum bearing areas will be reserved by the Directorate of Mines & Geology, wherein

Gypsum mining will be permitted to plaster of paris unit owners on the basis of MoUs executed

between the Directorate and plaster of paris units.

1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

In line with the Terms of Reference (TOR) prescribed by EAC, MoEF&CC reference no. J-

11015/02/2019-IA.II(M) dated 27.03.2019, the area comprising 10 km radius around the

proposed mine lease boundary is considered as the study area. The scope of the study includes

detailed characterization of the environmental attributes like Air, Water, Noise, and Land, Biological

and Socio-economic aspects.

1.4.1 Environmental Clearance Process

The EIA includes the following details:

1. Study of the reports like Geological report, Pre-Feasibility Report (PFR) or mining plan made

available by the client.

2. Present Environmental Setting

3. Identification, prediction and evaluation of Anticipated Environmental Impact due to the

proposed mine and related facilities.

The environmental impacts will be anticipated in core and buffer zone on:

Topography and drainage

Climate

Water quality (Surface/Ground)

Hydro-geological Regime

Air quality

Noise Levels

Soil Quality

Flora and Fauna

Traffic density survey

Land-Use

Socio-Economic Conditions

Health, culture, human environment including public health, occupational health and

safety

This EIA Report is prepared in accordance with EIA Notification, 2006 and its subsequent

amendments and that has been divided into twelve chapters (in addition to Executive Summary)

as briefed hereunder:




Chapter 1 – Introduction

The chapter provides description of project background, site and surroundings, objectives, scope

and organization of the study and format of this report.

Chapter 2 – Project Description

This chapter provides information on project and capacity; need for the project; location; size or

magnitude of operation; technology and process description; maps showing project layout,

component of projects etc.

Chapter 3– Description of the Environment

This chapter deals with the methodology and findings of field studies undertaken with respect to

ambient air, meteorology, water, soils, noise levels, ecology to define the various existing

environmental status in the area of the project. This also deals with the infrastructural

development as a part of project and sources of pollution from the proposed mining project.

Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

In this chapter, the potential impacts of the proposed mining and allied activities, which could

cause significant environmental concerns, are identified and discussed. This discussion will form

the basis for environmental management activities.

Chapter 5 – Analysis of Alternatives (Technology and Site)

This chapter will include a comparison of alternatives in this chapter to determine the best method

of achieving the project objectives with minimum environmental impacts or indicates the most

environmentally friendly and cost effective options, if any.

Chapter 6 – Environmental Monitoring Program

This chapter will include ascertaining the environmental impacts; state of pollution within the

mine lease and in its vicinity; planning for predictive or corrective actions in respect of pollution to

keep it within permissible limits.

Chapter 7 – Additional Studies

This chapter will include outcomes of public consultation, risk assessment, social impact

assessment, R&R action plan, biodiversity conservation plan, watershed management etc.

Chapter 8 – Project Benefits

This chapter deals with improvements in the physical infrastructure, social infrastructure,

employment potential and other tangible benefits due to proposed project activity.

Chapter 9 – Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis

This chapter includes environmental value enhancement (biodiversity, crop productivity, eco

tourism etc.)

Chapter 10 – Environmental Management Plan

This chapter will include the description of administrative aspects of ensuring that the mitigation

measures suggested are implemented and their effectiveness is monitored, after approval of the

EIA.




Chapter 11 – Summary

This will constitute the summary of EIA Report.

Chapter 12 – Disclosure of Consultant

This will includes the names of the consultants engaged in preparation of EIA and nature of

consultancy rendered.

1.4.2 LAWS APPLICABLE TO THIS PROJECT

The Acts, Notifications, Rules and Amendments applicable for setting up a new mining industry or

its expansion of an existing mine and for operation of a mine include the following:-

EIA Notification, 2006 under EPA Act, 1986.

Rajasthan Mines and Mineral Concession, Stock, Transportation of Mineral and Prevention

of Illegal Mining Rules, 2012.

Rajasthan Mines and Mineral Concession Rule 2017

The Mines and Mineral (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2015

The Mines and Mineral (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957.

The Mines Act, 1952.

Mines Rules, 1955.

Mineral Concession Rules, 1960.

Mineral Conservation and Development Rules, 1968

The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Acts1974/ Rules 1975

The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Acts 1981/ Rules 1982

The Environment (Protection) Acts1986/Rules 1986

Contract Labor (Regulation & Abolition) Act1970 & Its Central Rule 1971

The Central Motor Vehicle Rules 1989(Under Motor Vehicle Act 1988)




CHAPTER-2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.0 GENERAL

Proposed proposal pertains to Gypsum mining project by semi mechanized open cast method on

allotted mine lease area at existing Kaoni Gypsum Mine near village Kaoni of Kolayat tehsil of

Bikaner district, Rajasthan. The total allotted Mine lease for the proposed project is 250.53 ha with

their maximum annual production capacity i.e. 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/Year OB. This

chapter deals with the broad description of the project, location, type of mineral deposit(s), quality

of reserve, mining methodology, various site utilities and infrastructure, etc.

2.1 TYPE OF THE PROJECT

The project is proposed for mining of “Gypsum over an area of 250.53 ha. It is an opencast semi

mechanized mining project. M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and mineral India Ltd. is the project proponent

who is seeking prior environmental clearance for the proposed project as per MoEF&CC Notification

dated 06th April, 2018.

As per EIA Notification dated 14.09.2006 and its latest amendments, this project falls under

Category ‘A’ Project of Activity 1(a) for “Mining of Mineral”.

2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT

This is an important project for production of Gypsum mineral which is the main raw material for

Cement, Fertilizers and Plaster of Paris, manufacturing partition blocks, boards, sheets, tiles and

insulation boards & other industries. Cement, fertilizers and plaster of paris are the three important

industries in which Gypsum is utilized. Proportion of Gypsum in cement is ranged 4-5% of the

cement. Gypsum is used in manufacturing of Plaster of Paris. A number of small scale calcinations

plants for Gypsum are setup in Bhadwasi area, for producing plaster of paris. By the production of

huge quantity of Gypsum from this mine will definitely improve the living standards of the

inhabitants in the surrounding area as there is a scarcity of industries.

2.3 Location of Project

The project area is located near village Kaoni; Tehsil Kolayat & District- Bikaner, Rajasthan. The

Mining lease area falls in Survey of India Toposheet No. 44 H/4 between Latitude 280 09’14.11” N to

28010’ 9.76” N& Longitude 730 04’ 58.85” E to 730 06’ 44.83” E.

The general location is given below:-




Figure 2-1: Location Map of the Project Site

Figure 2-2: Site visit Photographs




Figure 2-3: 10 Km Study area Map

Figure 2-4:Google Image (Short View) of the proposed Project Site

Environmental Clearance as per MoEF & CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd.



Figure 2-5: Topography Map of Mine Lease area




2.4 Size or Magnitude of Operation (Incl. Associated activities required by or for the

project)

In this Mining lease area only 250.53ha. area is available for mining as per Terms of Reference

approved by MoEF&CC for the production capacity of gypsum is 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191

cum/year OB. It is an open cast mine and it is proposed to do mining by semi mechanized

efficient & scientific operations.

Table 2-1: Details of Mining

2.5 Topography of the area

The lease area is situated in the western part of Bikaner district having flat terrain. The area is

covered with layer of alluvium. Shape of the lease is sequare polygon type with highest

elevation is 178mRL between Pillar K2 & K3 and lower elevation is 170 mRL. The vegetation is

poor, limiting it to shrubs and few throny desert trees.

2.6 Geology

2.6.1 Regional Geology

The area around Bikaner is known for tertiary and quaternary formation. These tertiary rocks

were deposited in Bikaner-Nagaur basin. The tertiary starts underlie Marwar Super group (not

exposed) are categorized into four formations, namely Palana, Marh, Jogira and Kolayat. The

lowermost Palana formation is represented by various rocks like sandstone, clay, shale,

carbonaceous shale, carbonaceous shale, lignite etc. whereas quaternary are represented by

beds of sand, clay calcrete (Locally Known as Kankar), alluvium etc.

Table 2-2: Regional stratigraphic sequence

Pleistocene

to Recent

Kolayat Formation Sand & alluvium, Iron stone nodule, Sandy calcareous grit,

kankar, ferruginous band etc.

----------------------------------Un-Conformity--------------------------------------

Lower to

MiddleEocene

Jogira Formation

(Calcareous facies)

Shale $ Marly limestone with foraminifer, clayeymarl,

fullers earth with shale parting, yellow shales Ochers, marl

-----------------------------------Un-Conformity----------------------------------------------

Upper

Paleocene

Marh Formation

( Arenaceous

facies)

Upper clay horizon one clay bed (3-10 m)

Ferruginous sandstone, gritty sandstone (60 m)

Middle clay horizon with five day beds & sandstone

parting (50 m)

Ferruginous sandstone, grit, siltstone (70 m)

Lower clay horizon with one clay bed (1-3 m)

S. No. Particulars Details 1. Method of Mining Open Cast Semi-mechanized 2. Geological Reserves 8,52,227 MT 3. Mineable Reserves 7,02,716MT 4. Proposed Production 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB 5. Elevation Range of the Mine Site 170 mRL to 178 mRL 6. Bench Height 3 m 7. Bench Width (Average) 3 m or more 8. Ultimate pit depth 4.55m




Ferruginous sandstone, siltstone (20 m)

-------------------------------Gradational Contact----------------------------------------------

Lower

Paleocene

Palana Formation

(Calcareous facies)

Fine grained sandstone, carbonaceous shale and lignite.

-----------------------------------Base not encountered ----------------------------------------------

2.6.2 Local Geology

The gypsum deposit of the applied area belongs to recent to sub-recent age and is free from

any geological disturbance. It is a sedimentary, which occurs in the area as seam or bands.

The sand overlying gypsum of the entire area and the grain size varies from 60 to 200

meshes. The gypsum deposit of the region appears to be deposited in a shallow basin. It is a

flat deposit and hence no specific dip can be assigned. The litho logical succession of the area

is as under:-

Alluvium:0.9 to 1.10 m

Gypsum:1.85 to 1.90 m

2.6.3 Physiography

There is no streem and nalla exists within lease area. The physiography of the lease as per

the natural drainage.The area is covered with layer of alluvium. The highest elevation is

178mRL between Pillar K2 & K3 and lower elevation is 170mRL.

2.6.4 Drainage

There is no seasonal nallas is flowing through the lease area, so there will be no impact on the

surface water. The general ground water level is 174mRL. The proposed mining in the 5th year is

only up 4.55m depth from the surface. Ground water table is 40 to 50m deep from the surface

level so the ground water will not hinder the working.

2.6.5 Rainfall and Climatic condition

The rainfall is very limited and erratic. The general distribution of rainfall across can be

visualized from isohyets presented in the Plate III where major part of the district has received

average rainfall less than 500mm in the year 2010. Most of the rainfall, i.e., approximately 90%

of the total annual rainfall or more, is received during monsoon period and non-monsoon

rainfall is very limited or negligible. The annual average rainfall was 458.2mm based on the data

of available blocks while highest average annual rainfall is 595.4 mm in Dungargarh block.

Lowest of minimum average annual rainfall was in Khajuwal block (288.0 mm). Lunkaransar

block has received highest maximum annual rainfall of about 781.2 mm.

2.6.6 Seismicity of the Area

Rajasthan state lies in earthquake zones II, III and IV. Some area of Jalore, Sirohi, Barmer Alwar

and Bharatpur districts fall in zone IV where as many parts of Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Barmer,

Jodhpur, Pali, Sirohi, Dungarpur, Alwar, Banswara and Bharatpur fall in zone III. The project site

falls under seismic zone III which is moderate damage risk zone (MSK VII).

Source: http://nidm.gov.in/pdf/dp/Rjasthan.pdf

http://nidm.gov.in/pdf/dp/Rjasthan.pdf




2.7 EXPLORATION AND RESERVES

2.7.1 Method of Estimation of Reserve

The reserves are estimated as per UNFC classification. UNFC parameter for proved reserve in

(UNFC Code 111).

The category wise Mineable Reserve using UNFC code with the quantity and grade of the

mineral are tabulated as given as under:-

Table 2-3: Category wise Reserve

Classification Code Quantity (Tons)

Total Mineral Resources 852227

A. Mineral Reserve

1. Proved Mineable Reserve

2. Probable Mineable Reserve

111

121&122

---

702716

B. Remaining Resources

1. Feasibility Mineral Resource 211 ---

2. Prefeasibility Mineral Resource 221 & 222 149511

Source: Scheme of Mining with Progressive Mine Closure Plan at Page No. 11

Proposed Production= 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB

Working days=300 days

Daily Production=167MT/Day

Table 2-4: Five Years Proposed Production Details

Year Total excavation (m3) Re-handling (m3) Over burden (m3) Mineral (m3)

2016-17 159924 102164 135005 23673

2017-18 164003 104054 139011 23742

2018-19 161240 100391 136191 23796

2019-20 161240 100391 136191 23802

2020-21 161240 100391 136191 23808

Total 807647 507391 682589 118821


2.7.2 Life of mine

The mineable reserves are 702716 Tons. During five year period of this scheme of mining, about

249525tons of Gypsum is to be mined out from the lease. The life of the mine including present

proposal at the excavation rate of around 50000 Tons per Annum will be 14.05 Years. Source: Scheme of Mining with Progressive Mine Closure Plan at Page No. 14-15

2.8 Previous production detail

Previous production detail is attached as Annexure V.




2.9 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION

2.9.1 Mining Methology

• Mining is carried out by open cast semi-mechanized method.

• The Gypsum is surficial deposit occur in the form bedded type having considerable

thickness in the lease area. The OB as well as gypsum is not very hard & compact, so no

drilling and Blasting is required.

• As the mineral is occurring in the shallow depth so the height of the bench is governed by

thickness of Gypsum bed.

• It is proposed that the width of the bench will be kept more than height.

• The OB as well as mineral will be handled by JCB small capacity excavator.

• In case, on the particular place if the OB and mineral both are encountered, the mineral bed

will be excavated after the OB is fully removed to avoid the intermixing.

2.9.2 The Ultimate Extent and Size of Quarries

During the Proposed scheme of period, the pit will be reached up to a depth of 4.55 m and attain

a dimension of 650m in length and 418m in width and simultaneously pits will be backfilled. In

ultimate life of mine the pit dimensions will be 2708m in length and 853m in which will be

backfilled and rehabilitated accordingly.

2.9.3 Ultimate capacity of Dumps

During the excavation of mineral, overburden will be generate in the form of alluvium which

will be not used in any commercial purpose so it will be utilize to back filling the worked out

area.

In the five years proposal the OB generation would be 682589 m3 and the generated quantity of

OB will be simultaneous year wise backfilled in 3.51 ha, 3.55 ha, 3.50 ha, 3.49 ha, 3.57 ha at the

end of 1st year, 2nd Year, 3rd Year, 4th year and 5th year respectively. Thus total 17.62 ha area will

be backfilled at the end of scheme period.

2.9.4 Post Mining Reclamation Plan including afforestation

It has been Conceptualized that the total 241.18 ha area will be excavated by means of number

of small pits and back filled simultaneously and same will rehabilitate through greenbelt

development by trees & bushes.

Source: Scheme of Mining with Progressive Mine Closure Plan at Page No. 12-14

2.9.5 Extent of Mechanization

Following equipments are proposed to be deployed for the desired production.

Table 2-5: List of Machineries

S. No. Name of machinery Capacity Nos.

1. Excavated Capacity 20000 to 40000 tons

of OB per month

01

2. Dumper 20 tons 02





2.9.6 Waste Management

The Gypsum deposit of Kaoni mine covered by alluvium is about 1.0 m as overburden. The total

OB generated during the next five years will be 682589 cu.m. The OB generated during the

mining will be utilized to backfilling in excavated area simultaneously after winning the mineral.

The alluvium is neither suitable for agriculture nor usable for any economic purpose. Therefore,

no separate stacking arrangement of the waste will be made. The mineral reject also generated

in gypsum mining even lowest grade of Gypsum is also saleable which is used in different

industries.


2.9.7 Use of Mineral

Cement, fertilizer (ammonium sulphate) and Plaster of Paris are the three important

industries in which the gypsum is utilized.

Gypsum of less purity in crushed form is utilized in Portland cement manufacturing for

controlling the settling time of Portland cement (i.e. as a retarder to prevent quick set).

It is added to the clinker just before final grindling to finished cement.

Gypsum powder is directly used in alkaline soil for their treatment in the state of

Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana & Uttar Pradesh. Also the mining operation has brought

income to the state exchequer.


2.9.8 Land Use Pattern of Mining Area at various stages

Table 2-6: Land Use Pattern at Various Stages

S. No Particulars As on date Area (in Ha)

After end of

5th

year Area ( Ha)

Till end of the life of mine Area (Ha)

Post Mining Area (in Ha)

1. Pit & Quarry 154.99 154.99 241.18 32.68 developed as agriculture and handed over to local farmers

2. Infrastructure 0.01 0.01 -- -- 3. Road 0.60 0.60 -- -- 4. Plantation

on Fresh Land

1.0 1.0 9.35 217.85 backfilled area developed as green belt

5. Sub Total 156.60 156.60 -- -- 6. Undisturbe

d Area 93.93 93.93 --

Total 250.53 250.53 250.53 250.53


2.9.9 Project Requirements

2.9.9.1 Water Requirement

Domestic water requirement for the proposed project has been calculated on the basis of total

33 man power (31 (Mining staff as per mining plan) @ 43 L/day each = 1333+2 truck/tractor

drivers) will requires @ 10 L/day=20 L/day so total water requires ~1.4 KLD.




The water requirement for dust suppression during operation phase of mine and along the haul

road has been calculated on the basis of 1 Litre water requires for 1 m2 haul road. Haul Roads

are already exist within the mine lease area which connect to State highway, the total length of

approach road which connect to nearest highway is 3430 m. Water requirement for dust

suppression of 3430 m haul road requires approximately~17.15 KLD (3430*5*1). In worst case

condition on any specific haul road the watering intensity will be diverted from the low

pressure haul road.

As per statuary norms total 33% area will be cover by plantation So, there is total 5000 plants

will be planted per year within the lease area. 5L water will be used for each plant so 25 KLD

water will be use for 5000 plants.

So the daily water requirement for the plantation purpose will be around ~25 KLD.

Total water requirement for the mining project is 43.55 KLD.

Water supply: water requirement will be fulfilled through tanker supply. This will be used for

storage of water for mining work, spraying, watering the plants and drinking purposes.

Figure2-6: Water Balance 2.9.9.2 Man Power

Total estimate Man power would be about 31 persons as per the details given below:

Table 2-7:Employment Details

S. No. Category Numbers

1. Highly Skilled 3

2. Skilled 3

3. Unskilled 25

Total 31


Permanent -3 persons

Contractual-7 persons

Responsibilities of Mine Manager

To take overall charge at the place of incident and activate the Emergency Preparedness

Plan according to severity of situation.

· Inform doctor to be ready for treatment of affected employees and intimate their relatives.




· To depute staff, carry out following functions -

· To liaison with district administration and other departments and guide their personnel

· To supervise assembly and evacuation at all points

· To look after patients who are bed ridden and any casualties and give psychological support

· Inform and liaison with project proponent, Police department and District Emergency

Authority.

· Arrange for chronological records of emergency to be maintained.

· Issue authorized statements to news media.

Responsibilities of Mines Foreman

To take immediate charge at the site of incident and ensure that immediate steps as per

Emergency

Preparedness Plan are taken and immediately inform Mines manager.

Shall disseminate the information regarding emergency by blowing of siren / hooter.

Supervise assembly and evacuation as per plan, if required and ensure that casualties are

receiving proper medical care.

Ensure accounting for personnel and rescue of missing persons.

Control traffic movement in quarry premises.

Responsibilities of Trained Workers

A task force comprising of specially trained staff to act and deliver in the emergency situation

shall carryout the following work.

Fire-fighting and spill control till fire brigade takes the charge and thereafter assist the fire

brigade Ensuring safety and isolating equipment, materials, urgent repairing or replacement,

electrical work etc.

Controlling movement of equipment, transport vehicles, special vehicle at the mine site.

Extending first - aid and medical help.

2.9.9.3 Power

The mine will work in day time only, so no lighting arrangement will be required.

2.9.9.4 Infrastructure/Site Services

(i) Arrangement of Machinery will be made.

(ii) Electric facility is not available in mine site and it is not needed.

(iii) The Drinking water is supplied from tanker supply.

(iv) An office cum rest shelter is available in the lease area for keeping various registered and

government records. All statutory records will be maintained there.

(v) Portable first aid boxes are provided near rest shelter.




(vi) Norms as laid down under mine rule’s 1955 with regards to health, sanitation, first-aid,

medical appliances and medical examination of person employed in mine will be adhered.


2.10 Litigation

There is no court case against this project.

2.11 Summary

The proposed project is for mining of Gypsum (Minor Mineral) over an area of 250.53 Ha by

open cast semi-mechanized method. by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd. in

Tehsil- Kolayat and District-Bikaner, Rajasthan with proposed production capacity of 50,0000

TPA of Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB. The average annual rainfall in the district is 277.55mm

(since1991 to 2010). About 80% of rainfall takes places from June to September. The entire

district has hot and dry climatic conditions and characterized by semi-arid region. The project

site falls under seismic zone III. The total geological reserve is 8,52,227 MT and total mineable

reserve is 7,02,716 MT. It is proposed that the width of the bench will be kept more than

height. Total 682589 m3overburden will be generated during next 5 years mining proposal.

Gypsum is the basic requirement for manufacture of cement & fertilizer. Cement and agriculture

are the two major industries in which Gypsum finds its major use. Total water requirement for

the project is 43.55 KLD. Total man power requirement for the project is 31Nos. The site

facilities like office cum rest shelter is available in the lease area for keeping various registered

and government records. All statutory records will be maintained there. There is no litigation

pending against this project.




CHAPTER-3 : DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter illustrates the description of the existing environmental status of the study area

with reference to the major environmental attributes. The existing environmental setting is

considered to establish the baseline conditions, which are described with respect to physical

environment, air environment, water environment, noise environment, traffic pattern and

density, land environment, biological environment and socio economic environment.

The monitoring of environmental parameters was conducted within the core zone and buffer

zone (10 km radial distance) from project site located at village Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, District

Bikaner, in accordance with the guidelines issued by the MoEF&CC, CPCB, and SPCB during the

study period (December, 2018 to February,2019).

Baseline Environmental status in and around the proposed Gypsum Mining Project, depicts the

existing quality of Air, Noise, Water, Soil, Ecology & Biodiversity and Socio-economic

environment. Based on the baseline data, environmental impact assessment is carried out and

Environmental Management Plan is prepared.

This baseline environmental study reveals information on existing environmental scenario.

Delineation of project site and study area

Delineation of the environmental components and methodology

Delineation of study period

Delineation of the location of the site and description of its surroundings based on

secondary data. After delineation of the above for the present case the following studies

were conducted

Baseline data generation/establishment of baseline for different environmental

components

Baseline status of the existing site operating facilities

Traffic density at the inter-phase of project site and study area

3.2 Study area and Period

Studies of various environmental parameters have been done within 10 km radius area of the

proposed project site. The study area is located at district Bikaner, Rajasthan. The impact

identification always commences with the collection of baseline data such as Ambient Air

Quality, Micro-Meteorology, Ground and Surface Water Quality, Noise levels, Soil Quality, Land

use pattern, Biological Environment, Socio-economic Environment, Geology and Hydrology

within the study zone of 10 km radius.

3.3 Study Period

The baseline environmental study was done during winter season i.e. December 2018 to

February 2019 by Mantec Laboratory, NABL Accredited Lab and Certificate No. TC-6440 ( in lieu

of T-1417) dated 11.09.2017 valid until 10.09.2019 (copy enclosed as Annexure-VI) in

accordance with the Guidelines for EIA issued by the Ministry of Environment Forests and




Climate Change, Govt. of India and CPCB, New Delhi. Secondary data was also collected from

different government sources/Authorities.

3.3.1 Components & Methodology

The data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. Secondary meteorological

data of the nearest IMD station, Bikaner (~24 km from project site) was considered for the

selection of air monitoring stations. Micrometeorological data at site was also recorded using

Automatic Weather Station. Apart from these, secondary data have been collected from Census

Handbook, Revenue Records, Statistical Department, Soil Survey and Land use Organization,

District Industries Centre, Forest Department, Central Ground Water Authority, etc.

The studies involved in conducting field studies and analyzing various parameters that might be

affected due to the industry and conducting socio-economic survey among the people. For

reconnaissance survey the sampling locations were identified based on:

Existing topography and meteorological conditions

Location of human habilitation and other sensitive areas present in the vicinity of the

project site.

Representative areas for baseline conditions

Accessibility for sampling

The scoping and the extent of data generation were formulated based on interdisciplinary team

discussions, and professional judgment keeping in view of TOR assigned by SEAC, Rajasthan.

The various parameters surveyed and studied for the baseline study are tabulated below-

Table 3-1: Environmental components and their methodologies

S.N. Environmental

components Parameters Methodology

1 Air

Meteorology (Temp., RH,

WS, WD, RF)

USEPA(Meteorological Monitoring

guidance for regulatory modeling

applications)

Ambient Air Quality (PM10,

PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO)

IS-5182 part-14, CPCB (guidelines for

measurement of Ambient Air

Pollutants).

2 Water Water Quality (Surface &

Ground)

Standard limits: Surface- CPCB Water

quality criteria

Ground-IS 10500:2012

Sampling Methodology- IS:3025 Part-1

3 Noise Ambient Noise Quality

(Lmax, Lmin, Leq)

IS:9989(Assessment of noise with

respect to community response)

4 Soil

Soil Quality (pH, EC, BD, ,

Texture, SAR, Key nutrients,

OM, OC)

Sampling Methodology and Analysis-

IS: 2720/soil chemical analysis by M.L

Jackson

5 Land Use Land use types, Land

schedules, Satellite imagery Bhuvan, NRSA

6 Ecology Ecology studies (Floristic

diversity, Terrestrial Field Study / Secondary Data




S.N. Environmental

components Parameters Methodology

ecosystem sustainability,

Green belt development,

sinking capacity of

pollutants)

7 Socio Economic

Demography and

Occupational details,

agricultural situation etc.

Census, District report,

Public Consultation by Questionnaire

survey

8 Hydrology &

Geology

Geological, Hydrological,

Geo-morphological studies Geological Survey of India, NRSC

9 Traffic Study PCU/hr, LOS IRC 64:1990, ARAI,CPCB.

3.4 Air Environment

Dispersion of different air pollutants released into the atmosphere have significant impacts on

the neighborhood air environment of an mining project and forms an important part of impact

assessment studies. The ambient air quality status with respect to the study zone of 10 km

radial distance from the site will form the base line information over which the predicted

impacts due to the proposed project can be super imposed to find out the net (Final) impacts on

air environment. From the final impacts a viable Environmental Management Plan (EMP) can be

prepared based on the impact statement for the air environment. The design of monitoring

network in the air quality surveillance program has to be based on the following considerations.

Meteorological conditions on synoptic scale

Topography of the study area

Representation of regional background levels

Representation of site

Representation of cross sectional distribution in the downward direction

Inclusion of major distinct villages to collect the baseline status

3.4.1 Micro-meteorological data

Micro-meteorological data within the project area during the air quality survey period is an

indispensable part of air pollution study. Assessment of the micro and macro meteorology is

important from the standpoint of understanding the nature and extent of air pollution in the

study area.

The study area is located in district Bikaner. Usually Bikaner goes through a very hot summer, a

monsoon season and mild winter like many other Indian regions. The temperature varies from

48°Cin summer to 1°Cin winter. Atmosphere is generally dry except during the monsoon period.

It experiences a monsoon season, from July till September, when the excessive temperature of

the summer months reduces gradually.

Historical data of meteorological parameters also plays an important role in identifying the

general meteorological status of the region before the start of baseline study. The data

generated in the field is compared with the historical data in order to identify changes, which

may have taken place during the course of time.




3.4.2 Primary Data

The meteorological data recorded during study period is very useful for proper interpretation of

the baseline information as well as for input to predictive models for air quality impacts for

collection of Primary data. An Automatic Weather Station was installed at the site, for three

months (December 2018 to February 2019) and it has recorded hourly observations for the

parameters like Maximum and Minimum Temperature (ºC), Relative Humidity (%), Wind Speed

(Km/hr), Wind direction and Rainfall (mm). The hourly-recorded observations (wind velocity

and wind directions) during 12 weeks study period are used in computing percentage

frequencies and are depicted in the form of “wind roses” (Figure. 3.1). The summarized

meteorological data is provided in Table 3-2.

Table 3-2 Onsite Meteorological Data (Period: 1st December 2018 to 31st February 2019)

S. no. District Month Air Temperature Rainfall (mm)

Wind speed

Humidity (%) Min. Max.

1 Bikaner Dec 14 24 0 8.5 22

Jan 13 22 0 10.5 27 Feb 15 24 5.4 13 34

During the study period, wind speed measured on site varied between 0 to 2.84m/s. The wind

rose diagram indicates predominant wind direction is from South.

Figure 3-1: Wind Rose Diagram of Study Period (December 2018 to February 2019)




3.5 Ambient Air Quality

Ambient air quality monitoring is done to determine the general background concentration

levels of pollutant. The prime objective of the ambient air quality study is to assess the existing

air quality of study area and to establish the existing ambient air quality within the study area

and its conformity to NAAQS.

3.5.1 Selection of Sampling Locations

The sources of air pollution in the region are small scale and medium scale industries, mining

activity, vehicular traffic, dust arising from unpaved village roads and domestic fuel burning.

The due consideration during the selection of sampling locations was given to the likely affected

zones during mining activity. Eight (8) numbers of monitoring stations were set up to assess the

existing air quality of the study area. One station was located inside the proposed project site

(core zone) and remaining seven others, outside (buffer zone) the proposed project site. The

locations of the monitoring stations were based on the frequent wind directions (secondary

data) in order to site the stations as close as feasible to the anticipated maximum pollutant

deposition areas moreover duly considering human habitation and proximity to sensitive zones

within the study area. Logistic considerations as ready accessibility, security, availability of

reliable power supply etc. were examined while finalizing the monitoring locations. The

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring locations have been presented in Figure. 3.2.




Figure 3-2: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Location




Table 3-3: Showing Ambient Air Monitoring Locations

Stations Name Dis

(km)

Dir Lat. Long Criteria

AQ1 Mine Site 0 - 28°9'57.274"N 73°6'12.329"E Project Site

AQ2 Kawni 1.3 S 28°8'44.587"N 73°5'57.257"E Nearest habitation

AQ3 Mehrasar 5.8 NE 28°13'1.706"N 73°8'6.144"E 1st Pre-dominant Up-

Wind direction

AQ4 Sharah Borla

6.5 SW 28°7'5.329"N 73°1'58.797"E Densely population

area

AQ5 Gol Pratap singh

4 SE 28°7'40.269"N 73°7'44.046"E 1st Pre-dominant

down-Wind direction

AQ6 Sharah Ratani Vyas

8.2 S 28°4'50.152"N 73°5'37.503"E 3rd Pre-dominant

down-Wind direction

AQ7 Sharah Sutharan Makrah

9.1 SW 28°4'33.862"N 73°3'29.56"E Cross wind direction

AQ8 Sharah Sutharan Gopala

5.4 S 28°6'16.965"N 73°5'25.908"E 2ndPre-dominant

down-Wind direction

3.5.2 Methodology

As per the scope of work, 8 ambient air quality monitoring stations were monitored for specific air

pollutants during the study period. All the instruments (samplers) were installed between 1 to 4 m

above ground level which was free from any obstructions. The sampling and analysis of required

parameters were carried out as per IS:5182 and NAAQS Monitoring & Analysis Guideline, Volume 1.

Following are the parameters monitored during the study period.

Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5)

Sulphur dioxide (SO2)

Nitrogen dioxide (NOx)

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Table 3-4 Techniques Adopted/Protocols for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

S. No Parameters Techniques Technical Protocol

1 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) West& Geake IS:5182(P2) 2 Nitrogen Dioxide(NO2) Jacob & Hochheiser IS:5182(P6) 3 ParticulateMatterPM10 Gravimetric IS:5182(P15)

4 ParticulateMatterPM2.5 Gravimetric IS:5182 Part-24 5

Carbon-monoxide as CO

CO

NDIR IS:5182(P-10)

3.5.3 Data Analysis

The Ambient Air Quality survey has been carried out at 8 locations within 10 km radius around the

proposed project site. Measurement of Particulate pollutant (PM10&PM2.5) and gaseous pollutants

(SO2, NOX and CO) levels helps to understand the existing environmental scenario. The results of all




the locations were further computed for statistical parameters like Minimum, Maximum

concentrations and Arithmetic mean (AM). The results are shown in Table No. 3-5.

Table 3-5 Ambient Air Quality Data

Pollutant Location

Codes Max. Min. Avg.

98

Percentile NAAQS

PM10

(µg/m3)

A-1 82.00 62.00 69.45 80.16

100

A-2 80.00 60.00 68.20 78.16

A-3 74.00 58.00 65.79 74.00

A-4 72.00 56.00 65.16 72.00

A-5 72.00 60.00 65.70 70.00

A-6 68.00 54.00 62.20 68.00

A-7 67.00 52.00 61.20 66.54

A-8 66.00 56.00 61.08 66.00

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

A-1 48.00 36.00 40.58 42.00

60

A-2 46.00 36.00 40.49 45.32

A-3 44.40 34.00 39.05 45.54

A-4 43.20 34.00 38.72 45.32

A-5 42.00 36.00 39.38 43.20

A-6 40.00 30.25 34.83 38.50

A-7 38.00 30.00 34.59 41.15

A-8 39.00 30.00 36.05 43.80

NO2

(µg/m3)

A-1 30.00 20.00 25.00 29.08

80

A-2 29.00 21.00 24.91 28.54

A-3 25.60 17.60 21.90 25.60

A-4 28.00 18.00 23.08 27.54

A-5 29.00 18.00 24.45 28.54

A-6 28.00 19.00 23.29 28.00

A-7 29.00 19.00 23.66 26.54

A-8 28.00 20.00 23.95 28.00

SO2

(µg/m3)

A-1 14 8 10.41 13.54

80

A-2 13.00 7.00 10.16 13.00

A-3 11.00 5.00 9.04 11.00

A-4 14.00 7.00 10.12 14.00

A-5 13.00 6.00 10.41 13.00

A-6 12.00 5.00 9.00 12.00

A-7 13.00 8.00 10.37 13.00

A-8 14.00 6.00 9.45 13.54

CO

(mg/m3)

A-1 0.88 0.68 0.76 0.86

02 A-2 0.94 0.62 0.76 0.93

A-3 0.93 0.63 0.78 0.92




Pollutant Location

Codes Max. Min. Avg.

98

Percentile NAAQS

A-4 0.92 0.65 0.77 0.91

A-5 0.93 0.62 0.74 0.91

A-6 0.94 0.65 0.79 0.91

A-7 0.92 0.66 0.78 0.92

A-8 0.84 0.63 0.73 0.84

(Source: Mantec Laboratory)

Figure 3-3 Graphical representations of Particulate Pollutants (PM10 and PM 2.5)

Figure 3-4 Graphical representation of NO2 and SO2 pollutant

82 8074 72 72

68 67 66

100

48 46 44.4 43.2 42 40 38 39

60

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

A-1 A-2 A-3 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-7 A-8 NAAQS

Av

era

ge

Co

nce

ntr

ati

on

(µ

g/

m3)

Locations

PM10

PM2.5

14 13 1114 13 12 13 14

80

30 2925.6

28 29 28 29 28

80

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

A-1 A-2 A-3 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-7 A-8 NAAQS

Av

era

ge

Co

nce

ntr

ati

on

(µ

g/

m3)

Locations

SO2

NOX




Figure 3-5 Graphical representation of CO pollutant

3.5.4 Interpretation:

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring reveals that the concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 for all the 8

AAQM stations were found between 52.00 to 82.00μg/m3 and 30.00 to 48.00μg/m3 respectively.

Maximum concentration of particulate pollutant (both PM10 and PM2.5) was found at location A-1

due to presence of mining activities like extraction, loading & unloading, transportation of

mineral.

The concentrations of SO2 and NO2 were found to be in range of 5.00 to 14.00μg/m3 and 17.60 to

30.00μg/m3 respectively.

The high concentration of SO2 was found at A1 which is due to emission from mining machinery.

The high concentration of NO2 was found at A1 due to the existing mining & allied activity.

A suitable green belt is planned along the haul road and at strategic locations inside the mine site

which will further reduce the air pollution.

The baseline data of ambient air quality was compared with air quality data of Bikaner city.

The proposed project is mining of Gypsum in which particulate pollutant are major contributors

to the environment. The baseline status of existing condition suggested that the ambient air

quality is well below NAAQS limits.

The CO level was in range of 0.62 to 0.94 mg/m3. The high concentration of CO was found at A2

which is due to the mining & its allied activities.

As per the analytical reports of the 10 Km study area the ambient air quality are well below the

NAAQS limits. However, after commissioning of the project the prevailing baseline status of area will

be distributed so to maintain the ambient air quality of the area, the latest / modern air pollution

control measurements along with suitable EMP will be adopted, which will be elaborated in Chapter-

4 of the report.

0.88 0.94 0.93 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.920.84

2

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

A-1 A-2 A-3 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-7 A-8 NAAQS

Av

era

ge

Co

nce

ntr

ati

on

(µ

g/

m3)

Locations

CO




3.6 Noise Environment

Noise often defined as unwanted sound, interferes with speech communication, causes annoyance,

distraction from work; disturb sleep, thus deteriorating quality of human environment. Noise

Pollution survey has therefore been carried out.

The noise level variation can be temporal, spectral and spatial. From environment point of view,

higher noise levels may affect health of human beings and disturbance to animals if they are close to

the noise generating sources. In order to know the baseline noise levels, in and around the project

site, noise levels were measured at the site and also at villages in the study area.

3.6.1 Methodology of noise measurement

For noise measurement, calibrated and integrated sound level meter manufactured by Baseline

Technologies USA (Cygnet Sl. No. A0703126) was used. SLM (Sound Level Meter) was mounted on a

tripod stand as per the standard methodology for noise measurements. Special care was taken while

recording the noise levels and also ensure to the least amount of reflective surface is exposed from

the body to the meter.

Noise levels were recorded at 8 locations by Sound Level Meter in dB (A). Noise levels were

recorded as per IS: 9989 entitled “Assessment of noise with respect to community response”

methodology. Noise levels were recorded at approximately 1.5 meter above the ground level. The

measurements were carried out 1 m away from the sources and 1 m away from the edge of the

roads. In order to reduce the disturbances from standing waves. The mean values were taken for

reporting. Ambient noise levels were compared with National Ambient Air Quality Standards in

respect to noise.

3.6.2 Data Analysis

The statistical analysis (Table-3.6) is done for recorded noise levels at 8 locations. The location of

Noise Quality Monitoring stations are depicted in Figure. 3.6.

Table 3-6: Showing Noise Monitoring Locations

Stations Name Latitude Longitude Dist (km) Dir Criteria

NQ1 Mine Site 28°9'57.274"N 73°6'12.329"E -- -- Project Site

NQ2 Kaoni 28°8'44.587"N 73°5'57.257"E 1.3 S Nearest habitation

NQ3 Mehrasar 28°13'1.706"N 73°8'6.144"E 5.8 NE Nearby habitation

NQ4 Sharah Borla 28°7'5.329"N 73°1'58.797"E 6.5 SW Near to the district

road

NQ5 Gol Pratap singh 28°7'40.269"N 73°7'44.046"E 4 SE Nearby habitation

NQ6 Sharah Ratani Vyas

28°4'50.152"N 73°5'37.503"E 8.2 S Nearby habitation

NQ7 Sharah Sutharan Makrah

28°4'33.862"N 73°3'29.56"E 9.1 SW Near to the district

road

NQ8 Sharah Sutharan Gopala

28°6'16.965"N 73°5'25.908"E 5.4 S Nearby habitation




Figure 3-6: Noise Quality Monitoring Locations




Table 3-7: CPCB Noise Standards

Table 3-8: Noise level data

Noise Result

Noise Standards of Noise Level Noise Level

db(A)

S. No. Location Category of

Area

Day dB

(A)

Night dB

(A)

Day

(Ld)

Night

(Ln)

1 Mine Site Mining Area 55 45 52.4 42.4

2 Kaoni Village Residential 55 45 48.2 39.6

3 Mehrasar Village Residential 55 45 50.4 37.9

4 Sharah Borla Residential 55 45 46.6 38.4

5 Sharah Ratani vyas Residential 55 45 47.2 36.2

6 Gol Pratap Singh Residential 55 45 44.6 36.7

7 Sharah Sutharan

Makrah

Residential 55 45 48.2 39.2

8 Sharah Sutharan Gopala Residential 55 45 45.4 37.4

Figure 3-7 Equivalent Noise Levels at all locations

3.6.3 Interpretation

The noise levels at project site is found to be 44.60-52.40 and 36.20-42.40 for day and night

time respectively.

52.4

48.250.4

46.6 47.244.6

48.245.4

42.439.6

37.9 38.436.2 36.7

39.237.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8

Ld Day Ln Night

Category of Zones Categorization of locations Noise level in dB(A)

Day Night Residential N1, N2, N3, N4, N5, N6, N7, N8 55 45

Silence Zone - 50 40




The high levels of noise in day for project site can be attributed due to mining activities and

vehicular activities. The night levels of Noise are low since the mining is carried out only in day

time.

The noise levels at all location are well below the NAAQS standards w.r.t noise.

3.7 Traffic Study

Traffic remains the concealed component of the impact analysis of any new development project.

Therefore, the impact of certain projects on traffic and transportation is too far reaching to be

subsumed under a generalized EIA study. Traffic Analysis is a study carried out to predict the

magnitude and effects that a proposed project, generates on the existing transportation network.

Traffic analysis can also be used to evaluate whether the proposed project is appropriate and what

type of transportation facility improvements would be necessary.

The three main types of automobile vehicles being used in the country are Passenger cars powered

by four strokes gasoline engines. Motor cars, scooters and auto rickshaws powered mostly by small

two stroke diesel engines. Large trucks and buses powered by mostly 4 stroked engines.

3.7.1 Data Analysis

The traffic study was carried out for SH-3 for 24 hours which is near to the proposed site and is a

medium for transportation of Gypsum to local market.

*100% mineral will transfer through NH-116A (50% up and 50% down)

3.7.2 Existing traffic scenario

The Level of Service (LOS) and the capacity of the Roadway segments computed is based on the

Indian Roads Congress (IRC) standards sourced from Guidelines for Capacity of Rural Roads in Plain

Areas IRC 64-1990. Following table provides the LOS standards adopted based on the volume to

capacity (V/C) ratios at the intersections and its performance.

V/C LOS Performance 0.0-0.2 A Excellent 0.2-0.4 B Very Good 0.4-0.6 C Good/ Average/ Fair 0.6-0.8 D Poor 0.8-1.0 E Very Poor

S.

No. Type of Vehicle Vehicle

Distribution/day PCU No. of Vehicles

in PCU/day Vehicles in

PCU/hr 1 Cars 100 1 100 4 2 Buses 30 3 90 4 3 Trucks 60 3 180 8 4 Tractors/Trailors 32 1.5 48 2 5 Two Wheelers 244 0.5 122 5 6 Three Wheelers 120 1 120 12

Total 586 660 28

Name of Highway Direction Dispatched Ratio in Percentage Up Down

SH-3 Sattasar Bikaner 100* Total Mineral transported through National Highways




Figure 3-8: Pie chart representations for Total vehicular data on SH-3

Type of Road Existing Volume

(PCU/day) Capacity in (PCU/day)

V/C Ratio

LOS

SH-3 660 2000 0.33 B

During Mine Operation

Total Capacity of mine 50000

No. of working days 300

Extraction and Transportation of mineral 167 MT/day

Working hours per day 8 hour

Truck Capacity 20 Tons

Frequency of trucks deployed/day (2 x 4 trips/day x 2 up/down) 16

Increase in PCU/day(= 16*3) 48

Frequency of trucks deployed/hr 6

Increase in PCU/hr 18

Road Increased PCU’s-

National Highway

Volume (V) Capacity

(C)

Modified

V/C Ratio

LOS

SH-3 48 660 +48 =708 2000 0.35 B

Daily Emissions from Transportation

Vehicle Type Emission factors (gm/km)

CO NOx HC PM Heavy Diesel Vehicles 1.5 3.5 0.96 0.02

CPCB Bharat Stage IV emission Vehicle Type and Nos. of

Vehicles Parameters (gm/km/day)

CO NOx HC PM Trucks/Dumper : 2 3.0 7.0 1.92 0.04

Parameters (gm /day)

Haul road length is 3.43 Km 10.29 24.01 6.5 0.13

17%

5%

10%

5%42%

21% Cars

Buses

Trucks

Tractors/Trailors

Two Wheelers

Three Wheelers





Out of the total traffic vehicles, 2 wheelers are very high followed by light and medium

vehicles. The movement of two wheelers and light vehicles are largely found in daytime.

The difference of heavy vehicle movement both day and night time was very marginal. The

density of heavy vehicles was comparatively low. The LOS study shows that the existing

traffic scenario is “Very good” and the free flow of vehicles is observed during the study

period.

Due to the mine project the traffic density will increase as the entire mineral will be

transported through the SH-3 under study and the value of LOS would remain same i.e. Very

good.

Figure 3-9: Showing the Evacuation Gates and Haulage Road /Motorable Road Map




Figure 3-10:- Transportation Map of 10 km Buffer Area




3.8 Water Environment

Water of high quality is essential to human life, and water of acceptable quality is essential for

agricultural, industrial, domestic and commercial uses; in addition, most recreation is water based;

therefore, major activities having potential effects on surface water are certain to be of appreciable

concern to the consumers.

3.8.1 Methodology

Water samples were collected from 2 locations (2 Surface Water)(Figure3.11). Samples were

collected as per IS: 3025 (Part 1) methodology. Necessary precautions were taken while collecting,

preserving and transporting. The parameters like pH, temperature and DO were measured at the

site while collecting the sample. For analyzing other parameters the samples were brought to Head

Laboratory situated in Noida. All the parameters were analyzed as per "Methods of Sampling and

Test (Physical and Chemical) for water and waste water” IS: 3025 and ‘Standard Methods for the

Examination of Water and Wastewater’ APHA. The results are then compared with the CPCB Water

Quality Criteria of water. 2 surface water samples were collected from the study area to assess the

water quality during the study period.

Note: Water samples were collected only surface water sources. Ground water is not available

in the study area.

Table 3-9: Monitoring Location of Surface Water and Ground Water S. No Location Dist (Km) Dir Latitude Longitude Criteria SW1 Near Mine site 2.7 E 28°9'28.122"N 73°6'17.756"E Pond SW2 Canal 0.18 S 28°10'4.929"N 73°8'25.06"E Tributary of Indira

Gandhi Canal

Table 3-10: Surface water quality data Sl. No. Parameters Units Pond Near

Mine Site Canal Water Near

Kaoni Village Standards as per CPCB for class D

1 pH _ 7.48 7.53 6.5 to 8.5

2 Temperature °C 20.4 21.2 -- 3 Colour Hazen Units <5 <5 -- 4 Order _ Agreeable Agreeable -- 5 Conductivity µmhos/ cm 1364 1094 -- 6 Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/L 214 192 -- 7 Total Dissolved Solids mg/L 865 714 -- 8 Total Suspended Solids mg/L <5 <5 -- 9 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/L 412 306 --

10 Calcium as CaCO3 mg/L 248 186 -- 11 Magnesium as CaCO3 mg/L 64 120 -- 12 Chloride as Cl mg/L 216 178 -- 13 Phosphate as PO4 mg/L 2.20 1.60 -- 14 Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 44 42 -- 15 Sulphate as SO4 mg/L 108 84 -- 16 Fluoride as Fe mg/L 2.40 3.20 -- 17 Phenolic Compound mg/L <0.001 <0.001 -- 18 Copper as Cu mg/L <0.01 <0.01 -- 19 Cadmium mg/L <0.001 <0.001 -- 20 Selenium as Se mg/L <0.01 <0.01 -- 21 Mercury as Hg mg/L <0.001 <0.001 -- 22 Total Arsenic as As mg/L <0.01 <0.01 -- 23 Lead as Pb mg/L <0.01 <0.01 --




24 Manganese as Mn mg/L <0.02 <0.02 --

25 Zinc as Zn, Max mg/L <0.01 <0.02 --

26 Chromium as Cr+6 mg/L <0.05 <0.05 -- 27 Boron as B mg/L ND ND -- 28 Anionic Detergents mg/L <0.05 <0.05 --

29 Iron as Fe mg/L 0.18 0.12 -- 30 Sodium as Na mg/L 166 112 -- 31 Potassium as K mg/L 22 16 -- 31 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 5.5 5.2 4mg/l or more

33 BOD mg/L 64 38 5 days 20C 3mg/l or less

34 COD mg/L 196 104 35 Total Coliform MPN/100ml 2841 2412 5000 or less 36 Faecal Coliform MPN/100ml 1536 1142

3.8.2 Interpretation of Results

The analysis results indicate that the pH value is 7.48 to 7.53. which is well within the

specified standard of 6.5 to 8.5.

The TDS was observed as 714 to 865 mg/l.

The chlorides were found as 178 to 216 mg/l.

The sulphate were found as 84 to108mg/l. It is observed that sulphate are within limits;

Total hardness ranges between 306 to 412 mg/l.

Metals: Iron is found in between 0.12 -0.18 mg/l.




Figure 3-11: Map showing Water Sampling Location




3.9 Soil Environment

In the study area sand is the dominant soil throughout the area. Soil is the media for supplying the

nutrient for plant growth. Nutrients are available for a plant at certain pH of soils can be reflected by

addition of pollutants in it either by air, water or by solid waste. In order to establish the baseline

status of soil characteristic, soil sampling is conducted in the study area based on the land

classification.

3.9.1 Methodology

Soil Sampling was carried out at 8 sites to understand the soil quality. Meticulous attention was paid

to collect adequate amount of composite soil samples for analysis. After removing the surface

vegetation cover, visible roots, plant litter, gravel, plastic materials and other foreign materials,

samples were collected by using Agar at a depth of 50, 150 and 300 cm and mixed thoroughly and

analyzed as a single unit sample.

3.9.2 Data Analysis

The soil samples were collected from eight locations around the 10 km radius of proposed project.

The samples were collected during the winter season from the selected locations (Figure. 3-12).

Table 3-11: Soil Sampling locations

Stations Name Latitude Longitude Distance

(km)

Direction

S1 Mine Site 28°9'57.274"N 73°6'12.329"E 0 -

S2 Kaoni 28°8'44.587"N 73°5'57.257"E 1.3 S

S3 Mehrasar 28°13'1.706"N 73°8'6.144"E 5.8 NE

S4 Sharah Borla 28°7'5.329"N 73°1'58.797"E 6.5 SW

S5 Gol Pratap singh 28°7'40.269"N 73°7'44.046"E 4 SE

S6 Sharah Ratani Vyas 28°4'50.152"N 73°5'37.503"E 8.2 S

S7 Sharah Sutharan

Makrah

28°4'33.862"N 73°3'29.56"E 9.1 SW

S8 Sharah Sutharan

Gopala

28°6'16.965"N 73°5'25.908"E 5.4 S




Figure 3-12: Map showing Soil sampling locations




Table 3-12 Physico-chemical Properties of Soil

Location(Sample ID)

S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8

S. No. Parameters Units Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value 1 pH - 7.56 7.86 8.14 7.51 8.36 8.46 8.22 7.48 2 Bulk Density gm/cm3 1.41 1.44 1.52 1.46 1.54 1.56 1.51 1.48 3 Conductivity Micro mhos/cm 382.4 392.8 462.6 378.4 398.2 426.6 418.6 354.8 4 Moisture % 8.8 9.2 10.2 8.6 11.6 10.8 11.2 8.4 5 Texture - Sandy

Loam Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

6 Sand % 68 70 72 66 74 66 72 66

7 Clay % 10 8 8 12 8 14 12 10

8 Silt % 22 22 20 22 18 20 16 24

9 Sodium mg/100gm 3.6 4.6 5.8 3.2 5.2 5.4 4.8 3.8

10 CEC meq/100gm 7.58 6.16 6.64 8.44 6.76 9.84 8.68 7.36

11 Potassium mg/100gm 1.6 2.2 3.4 1.9 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.1

12 Nitrogen mg/100gm 8.4 9.8 10.8 8.2 12.6 13.4 12.2 7.8

13 Phosphorous mg/100gm 0.62 0.74 0.82 0.68 0.88 0.94 0.84 0.76

14 Organic Matter

% 1.29 1.08 1.32 1.22 1.38 1.42 1.34 1.18

15 Ca meq/100gm 3.82 3.74 4.04 3.18 4.36 4.68 4.24 3.84

16 Mg meq/100gm 2.18 2.32 3.06 2.12 3.14 3.24 3.16 2.68

17 SAR - 0.91 1.14 1.33 0.85 1.22 1.18 1.08 0.92


The analysis results show that soil is basic in nature as pH value ranges from 7.51 to 8.46 with

organic matter 1.08 % - 1.42%.

The concentration of Nitrogen (7.8 mg/100gm to 13.4mg/100gm) Phosphorus (0.62 to

0.94mg/100gm) and Potassium (1.6 to 34 mg/100gm) has been found to be in good amount

in the soil samples. The soil is found to be suitable for the agricultural purpose.

The soil will not be affected by proposed mining project since the mining & its allied activities

will not affect the nearby soil quality of area.

3.10 Land Use and Land Cover

3.10.1 Land Use of the Study area

The objective of land use study is to provide the baseline status of the study area covering 10 km

radius around the proposed mine site so that temporal changes due to mining activities on

surrounding can be assessed in future. The land use land cover study has been done through digital

image processing and visual interpretation technique to generate output of Land use / Land cover

map of study area on 1:50,000 scale.”

Data Used

The software ERDAS Imagine 14 has been used for image processing of satellite data and in Arc GIS

10.2.1 Software, the final layout map with area calculation has been prepared. The satellite image

retrieved from Land sat 8. The methodology used for present LU/LC of study area is shown in

Figure below:




Figure 3-13: Methodology use for land-use classification & mapping

3.10.2 Results

A standard False Color Composite (FCC) image has also been generated on 1:50000 scale and given

in Figure 3-16. The proposed project site is located on land with scrub land use class. Results are

given in Table 3-13.

Table 3-13: Land use/ land cover analysis

S. No Classes Area (sq.km) Area in %

1 Settlement 79.47 20.40

2 Agriculture 210.15 53.94

3 Vegetation 4.43 1.14

4 Waste Land 1.26 0.32

5 Water Bodies 2.11 0.54

6 Desert 92.18 23.66

Total 389.60 100.00

(Source: Land Use Map)


The study area is dominated by agriculture Land which is approximately 53.94% of study

area. The irrigation of such land is through rainwater and some areas through Indira Gandhi

canal.

The settlement area is 20.40 % of total land use area which comprises of major residential

areas of Kaoni Village, Mehrasar, Gol Pratap Singh Dhani.

The land use covers desert which makes up to 23.66 % of total land use area.

0.54 % of the land use area is covered by water bodies which are covered by Indira Gandhi

Canal in the study area.

0.32 % of total land use area covered by waste land.

1.14 % of total land use area covered by vegetation.

Supervised Classification

Unsupervised

Classification

PCA / Band

Composit

ion

Procurement of Satellite Data

Image

Registration

Mosaking & Subset

Study Area

Classification

Accuracy

Assessment

Output




Figure 3-14: land-use classification of the study area

The land use land cover of the study area is depicted in figure 3-15

Settlement20.4%

Agriculture53.94%

Vegetation1.14%

Waste Land0.32%

Water Bodies0.54%

Desert23.66%

Land Use Classification based on 1991 dataSettlement

Agriculture

Vegetation

Waste Land

Water Bodies

Desert




Figure 3-15:Land use land cover




Figure 3-16:FCC Map




3.11 Hydrology

3.11.1 Geomorphology

Bikaner district is conspicuous of vast sandy areas and lack of hills. The topography is undulating

interspersed with dunes of eolian origin. The table below reveals that the minimum elevation in the

district is 103.7m above mean sea level (amsl) as found in Kolayat block whereas the maximum

elevation is 349.1 m amsl in Nokha block where rocks of Tertiary sandstone are exposed. General

slope of the terrain is from southeast to northwest. The geomorphology of the district is described

in the Table 3-14.

Table 3-14: Geomorphologic units, their description and distribution

(source: Groundwater Department Rajasthan report, 2013)

Origin Landform units Description

Aeolian

Dune Complex An undulating plain composed of number of sand

dunes of crescent shape

Dune Valley

Complex

Cluster of dunes and interdunal spaces with

undulating topography formed due to wind-blown

activity, comprising of unconsolidated sand and silt.

Eolian Plain Formed by aeolian activity, with sand dunes of

varying height, size, slope. Long stretches of sand

sheet. Gently sloping flat to undulating plain,

comprised of fine to medium grained sand and silt.

Also scattered xerophytic vegetation

Eolian Plain

(Reclaimed)

Gently sloping with sheet of sand or sand dunes,

scattered xerophytic vegetation

Interdunal

Depression

Slightly depressed area in between the dunal complex

showing moisture and fine sediments.

Interdunal Flat Flat, narrow land between dunes.

Sandy Plain Formed of aeolian activity, wind-blown sand with

gentle sloping to undulating plain, comprising of

coarse sand, fine sand, silt and clay

Denudational Buried Pediment Pediment covers essentially with relatively thicker

alluvial, colluvial or weathered materials

Pediment Broad gently sloping rock flooring, erosional surface

of low relief between hill and plain, comprised of

varied lithology, criss-crossed by fractures and faults.

Pediplain Coalescence and extensive occurrence of pediment.

Fluvial Alluvium Plain

(Sandy)

Flat to gentle undulating plain formed due to fluvial

activity, mainly consists of gravels, sand, silt and clay

with unconsolidated material of varying lithology,

predominantly sand along river.

Hills Structural Hill,

Linear to arcuate hills showing definite trend-lines

with varying lithology associated with folding,

faulting etc.




3.11.2 Geology

The Bikaner district is predominantly covered (about 80%) by alluvial and eolian sand. Most of the

eolian sand is seen as sand dunes of variable heights. Otherwise, the geologic succession of the area

is represented by rocks of Palaeosoic to Recent age. The next group of formations (after eolian and

alluvial sand) is that of Tertiary Group of rocks represented by Sandstones of variable grain size.

These are also exposed in Bikaner-Kolayat region. Marwar Super Group represented by Nagaur

Sandstones and Bilara limestone occupies southeastern part of the district.

Figure 3-17: Geological and Geomorphological map of the Bikaner District

3.11.3 Climate and Rainfall

The climate of the district is characterized by very high temperature, uncertain rainfall and dryness.

The winter season, which starts in November lasts till February, followed by summer lasting up to

June. Period from July to mid -September is monsoon season. There is a large variation between

maximum and minimum temperature within the district, while the average maximum temperature

is about reaches up to 50:C, the minimum is around 5:C. The average total annual rainfall is

approximately 455 mm.

The rainfall is very limited and erratic. The general distribution of rainfall across can be visualized

from isohyets presented in the Plate III where major part of the district has received average

rainfall less than 500mm in the year 2010. Most of the rainfall, i.e., approximately 90% of the total

annual rainfall or more, is received during monsoon period and non-monsoon rainfall is very

limited or negligible. The annual average rainfall was 458.2 mm based on the data of available

blocks while highest average annual rainfall is 595.4 mm in Dungargarh block. Lowest of minimum




average annual rainfall was in Khajuwal block (288.0 mm). Lunkaransar block has received highest

maximum annual rainfall of about 781.2 mm.

Figure 3-18: Rainfall distribution map of the district

3.11.4 Hydrogeology

Variety of rock-types constitutes aquifer in Bikaner district. While Older alluvium forms most

widespread aquifer material but most of it contains saline water rendering it not very useful and

only about 8% of the district’s aquifers contain fresh water in alluvial aquifers. Tertiary sandstones

are also very good aquifers both in spatial distribution as well as in ground water quality within

them because it occupies about 31% of the district area of which about 24% is fresh water aquifer.

Also important are Nagaur and Jodhpur sandstone and partly the Bilara limestone.




Ground water development stage

Categorization on the basis of stage of development of ground water

Block Name

Safe Kolayat, Lunkaransar OverExploited Nokha, Dungargarh, Kahjuwal, bikaner

Basis for categorization: Ground water development <= 70% - Safe and >100% - Over-Exploited.

Figure 3-19: Hydrogeology and Stage of Ground water Development (Block wise) Map of

Bikaner district

3.11.5 Site specific Hydrogeology: The deep water level around the site area varies between 67.35-111.70m bgl in the pre-monsoon

season (May, 2011) and the deep water level varies from 67.22 to 116.40 m bgl during post-

monsoon period (Nov, 2011). The water level fluctuation map is given in Figure 3-20.




Figure 3-20:Depth to water level in the pre and post monsoon period (2011)

3.12 Ecology and Biodiversity

3.12.1 Introduction

The proposed mine sites falls in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan which is full of sand and scattered

rocky, steep slopes. This is an arid zone where rainfall is sparse, ranging from 120 mm to 230 mm

annually and mean daily maximum temperature in summer ranges up to 480 C or even more. The

accumulation of sand masses forms sand ‘dunes’.

Topography and climate factors play significant role in determining the types of vegetation.

Therefore, being arid region vegetation in this area is sparse. Only xerophytic adapted plants are

able to establish themselves. Mostly, the vegetation consists of stunted, thorny or prickly shrubs and

herbs of drought resistance nature.

3.12.2 Material and Methods

The filed survey to assess the biodiversity of the area was performed in the month of Dec, 2018 to

Feb, 2019 in the core area and the buffer zone (10 km radius with reference to the project site).

For the estimation of floral species, total 8 locations (in core area and within 10 Km of buffer zone)

in the study area (Figure 3-21) were sampled.

Table 3-15: Coordinates for Line Transect Survey

Area SN Location Latitude Longitude

Core Area 1. Transect2 28°10'6.20"N 73° 6'54.38"E

2. Transect4 28° 9'25.44"N 73° 4'58.05"E




Buffer Area

3. Transect1 28°11'12.98"N 73° 5'23.84"E

4. Transect3 28° 7'57.59"N 73° 6'18.78"E

5. Transect5 28°14'21.97"N 73° 5'19.08"E

6. Transect6 28° 9'55.05"N 73°12'4.69"E

7. Transect7 28° 5'25.72"N 73° 6'38.31"E

8. Transect8 28° 7'31.33"N 73° 1'22.11"E

Figure 3-21: Map Showing Sampling Locations For Biodiversity Assessment

Quadrats were laid down on alternate gaps along the transects in all directions at the project

location and buffer area to enumerate the quantitative attributes of tree, shrub and herb with 20m,

10m and 3m customized size quadrate respectively due to sparse nature of the flora. Moreover,

basal area of the shrub and herb was not recorded. The saplings of tree species were counted as

shrubs and seedlings of bigger species also included in the herb layer. Estimation of density,

frequency and dominance, Importance Value Index (IVI) were carried out as per Mishra (1968) and

Phillips (1959).

Parallel to the above, endeavors to prepare an inventory on the faunal species in the project area

also have been carried out. Basic methods such as chance sightseeing, morning and evening survey,

corpse/carcasses identification, footmark and fecal matter identification were practiced. Local

people were interrogated for the presence of faunal species in the area as well as authentic

secondary resources were also consulted.

Available secondary sources (Table: 3-16 have also been consulted for validation of the collected

information.




All the species of the flora and fauna (recorded and reported) have been cross-verified with the

WPA and IUCN checklist of the endangered categories.

Table 3-16:Reference of Authentic Secondary Sources

BSI (2016).State wise Distribution of Endemic and Threatened plant texa of

India.http://www.bsienvis.nic.in/Database/E_3942.aspx

ENVIS Centre on Wildlife & Protected Areas Schedule Species Database

http://wiienvis.nic.in/Database/ScheduleSpeciesDatabase_7969.aspx

Forest survey of India, State of Forest Report -2017

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, version 3.1 https://www.iucn.org/resources/conservation-

tools/iucn-red-list-threatened-species.

Mishra, R. (1968). Ecology Workbook. Oxford and IBH Publishing Inc., Calcutta, India, Pages

Pandey, R.P. and Parmar P.J. (1993).An assessment of biological spectrum of flora of Rajasthan. J.

Econ. Taxon. Bot. 17: 99-103.

Philips, E.A. (1959). Methods of Vegetation Study. Henry Holt Co. Inc., New York, USA., Pages: 107.

Prakash I. (2001) survival strategies of desert vertebrates, In Prakash (ed) Ecology of desert

environments Scientific publishers, Jodhpur, India, pp 459-471.

Rajasthan Forest Department - Government of Rajasthan. https://fmdss.forest.rajasthan.gov.in/

3.12.3 Eco-Sensitive zone in the study area

No Eco-Sensitive Zone exists within the 10 km radius of the project site.

3.12.4 Description of vegetation and forest types in the project area

Rajasthan state bears less biodiversity in comparison to the other states. Thar Desert being an arid

zone is characterized with low rainfall, intense sunlight and dry winds. The native plant species

have adaptations that enable them to reproduce, grow and survive in the most inhospitable

environmental conditions.

The simplest adjustment is to have a shorter lifecycle, which is found in the desert ephemerals that

germinate in the first rains in July and die out by the time the soil dries up by December, leaving

behind seeds that will bloom again next year. Some plants have evolved special and deep root

systems and some have unique leaf and thorns characteristics and to cope with low water

availability and loss of water from plant surface.

The majority of the vegetation is confined to the Southern and Eastern parts of the project site

whereas western part is much harsh desert terrain. In the studied site the most sparse kind of

Tropical Thorn Forests is found which may also be called as scrub open forest due to scanty

vegetation.

The most common tree species in the project area are; Prosopis cineraria, Zizyphus mauritiana,

Ailanthus excelsa, Tecomella undulata, Acacia nilotica, Dalbergia sissoo and Holoptelea integrifolia.

The most common Shrubs are Crotalaria burhia, Leptadenia pyrotechnica and Zizyphus nummularia

are the most common examples. The sand dunes are stabilized by sand binder’s species like

Calotropis procera, Saccharum bengalense and Cenchrus sps etc. Cuscuta sp. is the common total

stems parasites.

http://www.bsienvis.nic.in/Database/E_3942.aspx

http://wiienvis.nic.in/Database/ScheduleSpeciesDatabase_7969.aspx

https://www.iucn.org/resources/conservation-tools/iucn-red-list-threatened-species

https://www.iucn.org/resources/conservation-tools/iucn-red-list-threatened-species

https://fmdss.forest.rajasthan.gov.in/




A description of the floral species found in the study area has been mentioned in the table 3-18along

with their family and common name.

Table 3-17: Number of Floral Species in Different Categories of the Study Area

S. No. Plant Life Form Number of Species 1 Trees 20 2 Shrubs 18 3 Herbs 11 4 Climbers 3 5 Grasses 8

Total No. of Species 60 Total Number of Families 35

Table3-18: Floral species found in the Project Area

S.N. Species Local Name Family

Tree Species

1. Aegle marmelos Bel Rutaceae

2. Acacia arabica Kikar Fabaceae

3. Acacia catechu Khair Fabaceae

4. Acacia nilotica Babool Fabaceae

5. Ailanthus excelsa Mhanimb Simaroubaceae

6. Albizia lebbeck Siris Mimosaceae

7. Anogeissus latifolia Dhaura Combretaceae

8. Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae

9. Bauhinia purpurea Khairwal Caesalpinaceae

10. Dalbergia sissoo Shesham Fabaceae

11. Ficus benjamina Pokur Moraceae

12. Ficus glomerata Gular Moraceae

13. Ficus religiosa Peepal Moraceae

14. Holoptelea integrifolia Kanju Ulmaceae

15. Madhuca longifolia Mahua Sapotaceae

16. Phoenix dactylifera Khajur Arecaceae

17. Prosopis cineraria Khejri, Jand Fabaceae

18. Salvadora oleoides Pilwan/Mitha Jal Salvadoraceae

19. Salvadora apersica Khari Jal Salvadoraceae

20. Tecomella undulata Rohida Bignoniaceae

Shrub Species

21. Aerva persica Bui Amaranthaceae

22. Acacia jacquemontii Baonḷī Fabaceae

23. Cassia tora Charota Caesalpiniaceae

24. Capparis decidua Kair Brassicales

25. Carissa carandas Karonda Apocynaceae

26. Callotro pisprocera Mudar Asclepiadaceae

27. Duranta repens Kantamehendi Verbenaceae

28. Fagonia arabica Dhamasa Zygophyllaceae

29. Jasminum sambac Mogra Oleaceae




30. Lawsonia inermis Mehendi Lythraceae

31. Lantana camara Raimuniya Verbenaceae

32. Ocimum canum Babuitulsi Lamiaceae

33. Paspalum distichum Besak Poaceae

34. Ricinus cummunis Arandi Euphorbiaceae

35. Triumfetta rhomboidea Chikti Malvaceae

36. Xanthium indicum Chotadhatura Asteraceae

37. Ziziphus mauritiana Pemly Ber Rhamnaceae

38. Ziziphus nummularia Desert Ber Rhamnaceae

Herb Species

39. Achyranthes aspera Pricky chaff flower Amaranthaceae

40. Argemone mexicana Satyanashi, Daturi. Papveraceae

41. Ageratum conyzoides Visododi Asteraceae

42. Bidens pilosa Kumra Asteraceae

43. Calligonum polygonoides Phog Polygonaceae

44. Crotalaria burhia Saniya Fabaceae

45. Commelina benghalensis Kankawa Commelinaceae

46. Leptadenia pyrotechnica Kheemp Apocynaceae

47. Parthenium hysterophorus Chatakchandani Asteraceae

48. Phyllanthus niruri Bhuiamla Euphorbiaceae

49. Sesamum indicum SafedTil Pedialiaceae

Grass Species

50. Cenchrus biflorus Bhurat Poaceae

51. Cenchrus cilliaris Anjan Poaceae

52. Cenchrus setigerus Dhaman Poaceae

53. Cynodon dactylon Doob Poaceae

54. Desmostachya bipinnata Daabh Poaceae

55. Lasiurus scindicus Sewan Poaceae

56. Saccharum bengalense Moonj Poaceae

57. Saccharum spontaneum Kaans Poaceae

Climber Species

58. Cuscuta reflexa Amar bel Convolvulaceae

59. Gulancha tinospora Giloy Manispermaceae

60. Cucumis melo Wild Kharbooza Cucurbitaceae

3.12.5 Quantitative Attributes of the Vegetation of the Project Area

Quantitative Attributes of the Vegetation within the project area have been assessed along the

transects in four directions. The observed vegetation represents Tropical Thorn Forests in its most

sparse form. The majority of the vegetation is confined to the Southern and Eastern parts of the

project site whereas western part is much harsh desert terrain. The species richness and density of

trees were found to be in the of 5 to 19 species and 27.80 Ind/ha to 92.50 ind/ha respectively. In

case of shrubs species richness and density were found to be in the of 12 to 18 species and 215.00

Ind/ha to 605.00 ind/ha respectively whereas in case of herbs species richness and density were

found to be in the of 5 to 18 species and 1888.89 Ind/ha to 5222.22 ind/ha respectively. The

Shannon Winer Index Shannon Wiener Index is minimum in case of Western side of the project site




and maximum in case of eastern side due to the quantum of the greenery present there. The species

wise detail has been mentioned in the table 3-19 to 3-22.

On the basis of IVI the most dominant species are; Prosopis cineraria, Zizyphus mauritiana, Ailanthus

excelsa, Tecomella undulata, Acacia nilotica and Holoptelea integrifolia. The most common Shrubs

are Crotalaria burhia, Leptadenia pyrotechnica and Zizyphus nummularia are the most common

examples. The sand dunes are stabilized by sand binder’s species like Calotropis procera, Saccharum

bengalense and Cenchrus sp. etc. Cuscuta sp. is the common total stems parasites.

Table 3-19: Phytosociological attributes of the floral species in the Eastern Direction of the

Project site

SN Trees D (Ind/ha) F (%) TBA (m2/ha) IVI

1 Acacia catechu 5.00 20.00 0.80 17.81

2 Acacia nilotica var. indica 2.50 10.00 0.12 6.68

3 Aegle marmelos 2.50 10.00 0.12 6.71

4 Ailanthus excelsa 5.00 20.00 0.69 16.91

5 Albizia lebbeck 5.00 20.00 1.07 19.93

6 Azadirachta indica 5.00 20.00 1.51 23.42

7 Bauhiniapurpurea 2.50 10.00 0.24 7.66

8 Commelina benghalensis 2.50 10.00 0.39 8.80

9 Dalbergia sissoo 7.50 20.00 1.55 26.42

10 Ficus glomerata 2.50 10.00 0.89 12.74

11 Ficus religiosa 2.50 10.00 0.58 10.32

12 Holoptelea integrifolia 2.50 10.00 0.37 8.63

13 Phoenix dactylifera 10.00 30.00 0.83 26.43

14 Prosopis cineraria 12.50 40.00 1.35 36.26

15 Salvadora oleoides 7.50 30.00 0.58 21.78

16 Salvadora persica 5.00 20.00 0.47 15.19

17 Sesamum indicum 2.50 10.00 0.33 8.37

18 Triumfetta rhomboidea 2.50 10.00 0.31 8.14

19 Xanthium indicum 7.50 20.00 0.46 17.79

Species Richness = 19, Total Density = 92.50Ind/ha, Total Basal Area = 12.67 m2/ha,

Shannon Wiener Index = 2.82

SN Shrubs and Saplings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI

1 Acacia catechu 30.00 30.00 12.02

2 Aegle marmelos 5.00 5.00 2.00

3 Aerva persica 55.00 35.00 17.33

4 Argemone mexicana 60.00 40.00 19.33

5 Callotropis procera 45.00 30.00 14.50

6 Capparis decidua 50.00 30.00 15.32

7 Carissa carandas 10.00 10.00 4.01

8 Cassia tora 60.00 40.00 19.33

9 Cucumis melo 20.00 20.00 8.01

10 Duranta repens 40.00 30.00 13.67

11 Fagonia arabica 50.00 30.00 15.32

12 Jasminum sambac 30.00 20.00 9.66




13 Ocimum canum 10.00 10.00 4.01

14 Phoenix dactylifera 20.00 20.00 8.01

15 Prosopis cineraria 50.00 30.00 15.32

16 Ricinus cummunis 30.00 20.00 9.66

17 Ziziphus mauritiana 40.00 25.00 12.49

Species Richness = 17, Total Density = 605.00Ind/ha, Shannon Wiener index = 2.72

SN Herb, Grasses and Seedlings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI

1 Acacia catechu 333.33 15.00 13.02

2 Achyranthes aspera 444.44 22.50 18.47

3 Ageratum conyzoides 222.22 7.50 7.57

4 Albizia lebbeck 55.56 5.00 3.28

5 Bidens pilosa 527.78 17.50 17.83

6 Calligonum polygonoides 166.67 10.00 7.62

7 Cenchrus biflorus 583.33 7.50 14.44

8 Cenchrus cilliaris 361.11 17.50 14.66

9 Cenchrus setigerus 333.33 12.50 11.90

10 Cynodon dactylon 500.00 12.50 15.08

11 Desmostachya bipinnata 111.11 10.00 6.56

12 Lasiurus scindicus 111.11 7.50 5.45

13 Leptadenia pyrotechnica 194.44 7.50 7.04

14 Parthenium hysterophorus 388.89 20.00 16.30

15 Paspalum distichum 83.33 5.00 3.81

16 Ricinus cummunis 166.67 10.00 7.62

17 Saccharum bengalense 166.67 10.00 7.62

18 Saccharum spontaneum 83.33 5.00 3.81

19 Salvadora persica 416.67 22.50 17.94

Species Richness = 19, Total Density = 5250.00 Ind/ha, Shannon Wiener index = 2.82

Table 3-20: Phytosociological Attributes of the floral species in the Northern Direction of the

Project Site S.N. Trees D (Ind/ha) F (%) TBA (m2/ha) IVI

1 Acacia arabica 2.50 10.00 0.17 7.71 2 Acacia catechu 7.50 30.00 1.33 29.09 3 Acacia nilotica 5.00 20.00 0.28 14.99 4 Aegle marmelos 2.50 10.00 0.69 11.50 5 Ailanthus excelsa 2.50 10.00 0.37 9.13 6 Albizia lebbeck 2.50 10.00 0.58 10.66 7 Anogeissus latifolia 2.50 10.00 0.64 11.14 8 Artocarpus heterophyllus 2.50 10.00 0.78 12.11 9 Azadirachta indica 2.50 10.00 0.24 8.24

10 Bauhiniapurpurea 5.00 20.00 0.65 17.67 11 Commelina benghalensis 5.00 20.00 1.15 21.31 12 Dalbergia sissoo 2.50 10.00 0.94 13.26 13 Ficus benjamina 2.50 10.00 0.63 11.01 14 Ficus religiosa 2.50 10.00 0.41 9.43 15 Phoenix dactylifera 12.50 30.00 2.25 41.81 16 Prosopis cineraria 15.00 40.00 1.93 45.93 17 Salvadora oleoides 5.00 20.00 0.48 16.45




18 Xanthium indicum 2.50 10.00 0.29 8.57 Species Richness = 18, Total Density = 82.50 Ind/ha, Total Basal Area = 13.80 m2/ha,


SN Shrubs and Saplings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI 1 Acacia jacquemontii 30.00 20.00 13.53 2 Aerva persica 60.00 40.00 27.07 3 Argemone mexicana 45.00 25.00 18.66 4 Callotropis procera 30.00 15.00 11.89 5 Capparis decidua 35.00 20.00 14.70 6 Carissa carandas 10.00 10.00 5.60 7 Cassia tora 10.00 10.00 5.60 8 Duranta repens 40.00 30.00 19.14 9 Fagonia arabica 35.00 25.00 16.34

10 Gulancha tinospora 5.00 5.00 2.80 11 Jasminum sambac 30.00 20.00 13.53 12 Lawsonia inermis 10.00 10.00 5.60 13 Ocimum canum 5.00 5.00 2.80 14 Phoenix dactylifera 25.00 15.00 10.73 15 Prosopis cineraria 20.00 20.00 11.21 16 Ricinus cummunis 5.00 5.00 2.80 17 Ziziphus mauritiana 20.00 20.00 11.21

Species Richness = 17, Total Density = 430.00 Ind/ha, Shannon Wiener Index = 2.72

SN Herb, Grasses and Seedlings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI 1 Achyranthes aspera 444.44 27.50 28.95 2 Ageratum conyzoides 333.33 12.50 17.00 3 Calligonum polygonoides 138.89 10.00 9.86 4 Callotropis procera 388.89 15.00 20.08 5 Capparis decidua 194.44 10.00 11.49 6 Cenchrus biflorus 416.67 20.00 23.79 7 Cenchrus cilliaris 527.78 17.50 25.59 8 Cenchrus setigerus 111.11 10.00 9.05 9 Cynodon dactylon 27.78 2.50 2.26

10 Dalbergia sissoo 27.78 2.50 2.26 11 Desmostachya bipinnata 111.11 5.00 6.15 12 Leptadenia pyrotechnica 166.67 7.50 9.23 13 Parthenium hysterophorus 305.56 12.50 16.19 14 Paspalum distichum 55.56 5.00 4.52 15 Phyllanthus niruri 83.33 7.50 6.79 16 Saccharum spontaneum 83.33 7.50 6.79

Species Richness = 16, Total Density = 3416.67 Ind/ha, Shannon Wiener Index = 2.56 Table 3-21: Phytosociological attributes of the floral species in the Southern Direction of the

Project site S.N Trees D (Ind/ha) F (%) TBA (m2/ha) IVI 1 Acacia arabica 5.00 20.00 1.24 41.72 2 Acacia catechu 2.50 10.00 0.12 13.59 3 Acacia nilotica var. indica 2.50 10.00 0.40 17.61 4 Albizia lebbeck 5.00 20.00 0.07 24.56 5 Azadirachta indica 5.00 20.00 0.67 33.33 6 Bauhiniapurpurea 2.50 10.00 0.53 19.54




7 Ficus glomerata 2.50 10.00 0.25 15.43 8 Phoenix dactylifera 2.50 10.00 0.39 17.40 9 Prosopis cineraria 5.00 20.00 1.11 39.73

10 Salvadora oleoides 2.50 10.00 0.89 24.79 11 Salvadora persica 2.50 10.00 0.59 20.42 12 Triumfetta rhomboidea 2.50 10.00 0.37 17.15 13 Xanthium indicum 2.50 10.00 0.20 14.73

Species Richness = 13, Total Density = 42.50 Ind/ha, Total Basal Area = 6.84 m2/ha, Shannon Wiener Index = 2.49

SN Shrubs and Saplings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI 1 Acacia arabica 30.00 20.00 9.71 2 Aerva persica 90.00 30.00 21.43 3 Argemone mexicana 50.00 20.00 12.76 4 Callotropis procera 80.00 55.00 26.32 5 Capparis decidua 45.00 30.00 14.56 6 Carissa carandas 15.00 10.00 4.85 7 Cuscuta reflexa 5.00 5.00 2.05 8 Fagonia arabica 40.00 30.00 13.80 9 Ficus glomatra 10.00 10.00 4.09

10 Jasminum sambac 50.00 30.00 15.33 11 Phoenix dactylifera 30.00 20.00 9.71 12 Prosopis cineraria 70.00 30.00 18.38 13 Ricinus cummunis 60.00 40.00 19.42 14 Salvadora persica 40.00 30.00 13.80 15 Ziziphus mauritiana 30.00 20.00 9.71 16 Ziziphus nummularia 10.00 10.00 4.09

Species Richness = 16, Total Density = 655.00 Ind/ha, Shannon Wiener Index = 2.62 SN Herb, Grasses and Seedlings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI 1 Achyranthes aspera 527.78 15.00 15.77 2 Albizia lebbeck 166.67 12.50 7.91 3 Argemone mexicana 361.11 25.00 16.35 4 Bidens pilosa 472.22 30.00 20.36 5 Calligonum polygonoides 250.00 17.50 11.39 6 Callotropis procera 361.11 22.50 15.41 7 Cenchrus biflorus 527.78 27.50 20.48 8 Cenchrus setigerus 611.11 20.00 19.25 9 Desmostachya bipinnata 416.67 20.00 15.53

10 Fagonia arabica 222.22 7.50 7.09 11 Lasiurus scindicus 527.78 15.00 15.77 12 Leptadenia pyrotechnica 194.44 15.00 9.38 13 Phyllanthus niruri 305.56 20.00 13.40 14 Saccharum bengalense 277.78 17.50 11.92


Table 3-22: Phytosociological attributes of the floral species in the Western Direction of the

Project site

SN Trees D (Ind/ha) F (%) TBA (m2/ha) IVI 1 Acacia arabica 5.00 20.00 1.25 68.52 2 Acacia nilotica 7.50 30.00 0.37 64.05 3 Albizia lebbeck 2.50 10.00 0.41 28.77 4 Prosopis cineraria 10.00 40.00 1.35 107.64




5 Salvadora oleoides 2.50 10.00 0.50 31.01 Species Richness = 5, Total Density = 27.50 Ind/ha, Total Basal Area = 3.87 m2/ha,


SN Shrubs and Saplings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI 1 Acacia arabica 10.00 10.00 10.90 2 Aerva persica 30.00 20.00 26.45 3 Argemone mexicana 25.00 15.00 21.00 4 Callotropis procera 30.00 20.00 26.45 5 Capparis decidua 20.00 15.00 18.68 6 Carissa carandas 5.00 5.00 5.45 7 Fagonia arabica 15.00 15.00 16.35 8 Jasminum sambac 20.00 15.00 18.68 9 Prosopis cineraria 20.00 15.00 18.68

10 Ricinus cummunis 20.00 15.00 18.68 11 Ziziphus mauritiana 15.00 10.00 13.23 12 Ziziphus nummularia 5.00 5.00 5.45


SN Herb, Grasses and Seedlings D (Ind/ha) F (%) IVI 1 Acacia nilotica 55.56 2.50 5.64 2 Calligonum polygonoides 138.89 7.50 15.46 3 Callotropis procera 416.67 17.50 40.98 4 Cenchrus biflorus 138.89 10.00 18.16 5 Cenchrus setigerus 194.44 7.50 18.40 6 Desmostachya bipinnata 277.78 7.50 22.81 7 Lasiurus scindicus 194.44 10.00 21.10 8 Leptadenia pyrotechnica 166.67 10.00 19.63 9 Paspalum distichum 55.56 5.00 8.35

10 Saccharum bengalense 111.11 7.50 13.99 11 Salvadora oleoides 138.89 7.50 15.46


Agricultural Crops:

There are serious issues associated with agriculture sector of Rajasthan due to inherent scarcity of

water. Hardly, only 20% of the land is irrigated of the total cultivable land in this state. Rajasthan

farmers have to depend on different source of irrigation that include tube canals, wells and tanks

therefore the spectrum of crops is also not very wide.

With reference to the project area and within 10 km radius, Barley, Wheat, Gram, Pulses and

Mustard are the main Rabi crops which are sown in the months of October and November and are

harvested in the months of March and April. On the other hand, Bajra, Pulses, Jowar, Maize and

Ground Nuts are the main Kharif crops are grown during the months of June and July and harvested

during September and October.

Where the conditions allowed, farmers try to grow and maintain little gardens and orchards with

the fruit bearing species like Oranges, Guavas, Lemon, Pomegranates, Jackfruit (katahal) and

Mangoes. Common vegetables are also grown by the small land piece farmers along the water

canals only. Red chilies, cumin seeds, methi and are the famous herbal product of Rajasthan.




3.12.6 Fauna of the study area:

The fauna of arid regions are also adapted to the harsh and dry conditions. Many of the wildlife

species from Rajasthan dessert are listed in the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act that needs

protection.

In the thar dessert of Rajasthan wildlife includes Chinkara (Gazella bennettii), Desert cat (Felis

silvestris) and various reptiles, birds and butterflies are found. There are found migratory as well as

resident birds in the Thar region. The critically endangered Great Indian bustard (Ardeotis

nigriceps). Many varieties of vulture, eagle, and flacon are found hovering in the vast sky of the

vast desert.

Other common birds are Rufous-Tailed Lark (Ammoman phoenicurus) is an endemic lark, the

Trumpeter Finch (Bucanetesgith agineus) and Greater Hoopoe-Lark (Alaemona laudipes) that

often travel up to Pakistan. Cream-Coloured Courser (Cursorius cursor) has same color as the

sandy landscape and hard to see.

A list of common wild fauna reported in the study area has been given in the table, with their

common name and conservation status are given from table 3-23 to table 3-26.

Table 3-23: Mammals species reported from the Project Area

SN Species Common Name WPA Status IUCN

1 Canis aureus Jackal Sch II LC

2 Caracal caracal Caracal Sch I LC

3 Felis chaus Jungle Cat Sch II LC

4 Felis silvestris Desert Cat Sch I

5 Funambulus palmarum Palm Stripped Squirrel - -

6 Gazella bennettii Chinkara Sch I LC

7 Hyaena hyaena Striped Hyaena Sch III NT

8 Herpestes edwards Indian-Grey Mongoose Sch II LC

9 Lepus nigricollis Black-Naped Hare Sch IV LC

10 Manis crassicaudata Indian Pangolin Sch I EN

11 Mellivora capensis Ratel/ Honey Badger Sch I LC

12 Meriones hurrianae Indian- Desert Gerbil Sch IV LC

13 Paraechinus micropus Indian Hedgehog Sch IV LC

14 Presbytis entellus Grey Langurs - -

15 Rattus rattus Black Rat - LC

Abbreviation: LC= Least Concerned, CR= Critically Endangered, VU= Vulnerable, DD= Data Deficient, NT= Near Threatened, EN= Endangered

Table 3-24: Reptile species of the Project Area SN Species Common Name WPA Status IUCN

1 Naja oxiana Central Asian Cobra Sch II DD

2 Ptyas mucosus Rat Snake Sch II -

3 Uromastix hardwicki Spiny Tailed lizard Sch II -

4 Varanus bengalensis Monitor Lizard (Goh/ Goyra) Sch I -

5 Varanus griseus Desert Monitor Sch I DD





Table 3-25: Avian species of the Project Area

SN Species Common Name WPA

Status IUCN

1 Alaemonal audipes Greater Hoopoe-Lark - LC

2 Ammoman phoenicurus Rufous-Tailed Lark - LC

3 Aquila clanga Spotted Eagles - VU

4 Aquila heliaca Imperial Eagle - VU

5 Ardeotis nigriceps Great Indian Bustard Sch I CR

6 Bucanetes githagineus Trumpeter Finch - LC

7 Circaetus gallicus Short-Toed - LC

8 Cursorius cursor Cream-Coloured Courser - LC

9 Falco jugger Laggar Falcon - NT

10 Galloperdix lunulata Painted Spurfowl - LC

11 Gallus sonneratii Grey Jungle Fowl - LC

12 Grus grus Common Crane - LC

13 Grus virgo Demoiselle Crane - LC

14 Gyps indicus Indian Vulture - CR

15 Leptocoma zeylonica Indian Purple Sunbird - LC

16 Lonchura malacea Black Headed Munia - LC

17 Pavo cristatus Indian Peafowl Sch I LC

18 Pterocles exustus Chestnut-Bellied Sand

Grouses - LC

19 Sarcogyps calvus Red- Headed Vulture - CR

20 Saxicola macrorhyncha Stoliczka's Bushchat Sch II VU


Table 3-26: Butterfly species of the Project Area

SN Species Common Name Family WPA Status IUCN

1 Colitis etrade LittleOrange Tip Pieridae - -

2 Colotis danae Indian Crimson Tip Pieridae - -

3 Ixias marianne White Orange Tip Pieridae - -

4 Juninia almanac Peacock Pansy Nymphalidae - -

5 Junonia atlites Grey Pansey Nymphalidae - -

6 Neptis hylas Common Sailor Nymphalidae Sch IV -

7 Precis lemonias Lemon Pansy Nymphalidae - -

8 Pachliopta aristolochiae Common Rose Papilionidae - -

Abbreviation: LC= Least Concerned, CR= Critically Endangered, VU= Vulnerable,

DD= Data Deficient, NT= Near Threatened, EN= Endangered

3.12.7 Aquatic Environment

The study area has low availability of water in every form of water resources i.e. ground, surface,

rain and reservoir. Therefore, there is no significant aquatic life is observed in the study area except

very common algae and minor presence of the planktons just at the moist part of the canals, water

leakages and ponds at very random and rare points.




Photographs of flora species present in 10Km radius are as follows:-

Glimpse of Landscape

Prosopis cineraria(T) Glimpse of Landscape

Acacia nilotica(T) Ziziphus mauritiana(S)

Ziziphus nummularia(S) Lasiurus scindicus(G)




Cenchrus sp Lasiurus sp

Calotropis gigantean Argemone mexicana(H)

Dalbergia sissoo(T) Cucumis melo(C)

3.13 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT

3.13.1 Introduction

Socio-Economic Impact Assessment (SEIA) refers to systematic analysis of various social and

economic characteristics of human being living in a given geographical area. The geographical area

is often called Study Area or Impact Area. It is carried out simultaneously with Environment Impact

Assessment (EIA). The prime objective of SEIA is to identify and evaluate potential socio-economic




and cultural impacts of a proposed development project on the lives & conditions of people, their

families and communities. If the potential impacts are significant and adverse, SEIA assist the

developers and other stakeholders to reduce, remove or prevent these impacts from happening.

SEIA is a multidisciplinary, using theories and methods from Sociology, Statistics, Economics,

History, Psychology, Geography and Anthropology. It is pre-requisite before the project is put into

implementation. The study area consists of the core area where, the proposed project is expected to

come up and a buffer area encircling the project area with a radius of prescribed kilometers from

the periphery of the core area. For every new project Socio-Economic Impact Assessment is

mandatory. It is also mandatory for existing projects in case of expansion, modernization and

change in product mix. The Socio-Economic Impact Assessment focuses the effect of the project on

social and economic well-being of the community. Under the SEIA, it is examined how a

development project changes the lives of local residents. The outcome of the study relies on both

quantitative and qualitative measure of impacts. The impacts are evaluated in terms of changes in

community demographics, housing, employment, market effects, public services, retail business,

quality of life and artistic qualities of the community. Further, assessing proposed developments in

socio-economic context help the community leaders and local people identify potential social equity

issues, evaluate the adequacy of social services and determine whether the project has adverse

effects on overall social well-being or not.

SEIA also provides a forum for planning how to maximize the beneficial impacts of a proposed

development. Beneficial impacts can include:

a) A better standard of living due to increased access to employment, business opportunities,

training and education

b) Greater access to and from a community and

c) Increased funding to improve social infrastructure and cultural maintenance programs

3.13.2 Objectives of the Study

The objectives of Socio-Economic Impact Assessment of the project are as follows:

a) To collect baseline data of the study area

b) To comprehend socio-economic status of the people living in the study area

c) To assess probable impact of the project on social and economic aspects in the study area

d) To measure the impact of the project on quality of life of the people living in the study area

e) To ensure sustainability of positive impact

f) To suggest mitigation measures and agency responsible for taking action in case of adverse

impact

3.13.3 Steps taken to prepare the SEIA Report

Literature Review

Identification of the study area and important landmarks therein

Preparation of list of habitations located in the study area

Site visit to collect the facts through observations

Firming up of approach and methodology

Finalization of Questionnaires–Village/Town and Household Questionnaire

Collection of Secondary Data from Census Report, District profile, published and un-published

Literatures, Administrative records etc

Collection of primary data from sample villages and households therein




Manual scrutiny of field in schedules, the manual scrutiny aimed at removal of duplicate

records, missing records, alien records and consistency checks.

Data Entry and Data Validation

Generation of Tables

Data Analysis and preparation of report

3.13.4 Concept & Definition of terms used in the SEIA Report

Study Area: The study area, also known as Impact Area has been defined as the sum total of core

and buffer area with a radius of 10 km from the periphery of the project site. The study area

includes all the land marks both natural and manmade, falling therein.

Quality of Life: The Quality of Life refers to degree to which a person enjoys the important

possibilities of his/her life. The ‘Possibilities’ result from the opportunities and limitations, each

person has in his/her life and reflect the interaction of personal and environmental factors.

Enjoyment has two components:

a) The experience of satisfaction and

b) The possession or achievement of some characteristic

Baseline Data: Baseline data refers to basic information collected before a project/scheme is

implemented. It is used later to provide a comparison for assessing impact of the project. Any

attempt to collect baseline data while undertaking actual impact assessment study is faced with

recall error.

Household: A group of persons who normally live together and take their meals from a common

kitchen are called a household. Persons living in a household may be related or unrelated or a mix of

both. However, if a group of related or unrelated persons live in a house but do not take their meals

from the common kitchen, then they are not part of a common household. Each such person is

treated as a separate household. There may be one member households, two member households

or multi-member households.

Literature Review

Identification of the study area and

important landmarks therein

Preparation of list of habitations located

in the study area

Site visit to collect the facts through

observations

Firming up of approach and methodology

Finalization of Village/Town and

Household Questionnaire

Collection of Secondary Data

Collection of primary data from

sample villages and households therein

Manual scrutiny of field in schedules

Data Entry and Data Validation

Generation of Tables

Data Analysis and preparation of

report




Sex Ratio: Sex ratio is the ratio of females to males in a given population. It is expressed as 'number

of females per 1000 males'.

Literates: All persons aged seven years and above who can both read and write with understanding

in any language are taken as literate. It is not necessary for a person to have received any formal

education or passed any minimum educational standard for being treated as literate. People who

are blind but can read in Braille are also treated as literates.

Literacy Rate: Literacy rate of population is defined as the percentage of literates to the total

population aged seven years and above.

Labour Force: The labour force is the number of people employed and unemployed in a

geographical entity. The size of the labour force is the sum total of persons employed and

unemployed. An unemployed person is defined as a person not employed but actively seeking work.

Normally, the labour force of a country consists of everyone of working age (commencing from 16

years) and below retirement (65 years) that are participating workers, that is people actively

employed or seeking employment. People not counted under labour force are students, retired

persons, stay at home people, people in prisons, permanently disabled persons and discouraged

workers.

Work: Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or without

compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical and/or mental in nature. Work

involves not only actual work but also includes effective supervision and direction of work. The

work may be part time or full time or unpaid work in a farm, family enterprise or in any other

economic activity.

Worker: All persons engaged in 'work' are defined as workers. Persons who are engaged in

cultivation of land or milk production even solely for domestic consumption are also treated as

workers.

Main Workers: Those workers who had worked for the major part of the reference period (i.e. six

months or more in the case of a year) are termed as Main Workers.

Marginal Workers: Those workers who did not work for the major part of the reference period (i.e.

less than six months) are termed as Marginal Workers.

Work Participation Rate: The work participation rate is the ratio between the labour force and the

overall size of their cohort (national population of the same age range). In the present study the

work participation rate is defined as the percentage of total workers (main and marginal) to total

population.

Forest Area: This includes all land classified either as forest under any legal enactment, or

administered as forest, whether State-owned or private, and whether wooded or maintained as

potential forest land. The area of crops grow in the forest and grazing lands or areas open for

grazing within the forests remain included under the ‘Forest Area.

Area under Non-agricultural Uses: This includes all land occupied by buildings, roads and

railways or under water, e.g. rivers, canals and other land put to uses other than agriculture.

Barren/Un-culturable Land: This includes all land covered by mountains, deserts, etc. Land, which

cannot be brought under cultivation except at an exorbitant cost is classified as un-culturable

whether such land is in isolated blocks or within cultivated holdings.




Permanent Pasture and other Grazing Land: This includes all grazing land whether it is

permanent pasture/meadows or not. Village common grazing land is included under this category.

Land under Miscellaneous Tree Crops: All cultivable land which is not included in ‘Net Area

Sown’ but is put to some agricultural use such as land under censuring trees, thatching grasses,

bamboo bushes and other groves for fuel etc. which are not include under Orchards are classified

under this category.

Culturable Waste Land: Land available for cultivation, whether taken up or not taken up for

cultivation once, but not cultivated during the last five years or more in succession including the

current year for some reason or the other.

Fallow Lands (Other than Current Fallows): All land which was taken up for cultivation but is

temporarily out of cultivation for a period of not less than one year and not more than five years.

Current Fallows: Cropped area which is kept fallow during the current year.

Net Area Sown: The total area sown with crops and orchards. Area ‘sown’ more than once in the

same year is counted only once.

Area sown more than once: The areas on which crops are cultivated more than once during the

agricultural year. This is obtained by deducting Net Area Sown from Gross Cropped Area.

Gross Cropped Area: The total area sown once and/or more than once in a particular year, i.e., the

area is counted as many times as there are sowings in a year. This total area is also known as total

cropped area or total area sown.

3.13.5 Methodology

For Socioeconomic Impact Assessment of the proposed project we recourse to systematic analysis

of various socioeconomic characteristics, both in terms of quality and quantity. Accordingly, both

qualitative and quantitative data was collected through various sources from villages and urban

areas falling within the study area.

For collection of information, we approached the Census of India for published data/information,

visited state and district portal and referred to administrative records of the state and district

administration. The qualitative data deals with description; they can be observed but not measured.

Hence, codes were extensively used during collection of qualitative data. They were decoded after

data processing to facilitate data analysis and report writing.

Bikaner is a city in the northwest of the state of Rajasthan, India. It is located 330 kilometers

northwest of the state capital, Jaipur. Bikaner city is the administrative headquarters of Bikaner

District and Bikaner division. Formerly the capital of the princely state of Bikaner, the city was

founded by Rao Bika in 1488 and from its small origins it has developed into the fourth largest city

in Rajasthan. The Ganges Canal, completed in 1928, and the Indira Gandhi Canal, completed in 1987,

facilitated its development. The city celebrates its foundation day on Akshaya Tritiya by flying kites

and eating special Rajasthani food that includes Bajre Ka Khichda and Imli ka Paani (Tamarind

Water) among other snacks. The celebration lasts for two days, known as Chhoti Akha Teejand Badi

Akha Teej. People can be seen flying kites during these two days right from the early morning at 5-

6am till late sunset.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rao_Bika

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akshaya_Tritiya




As per 2011 Census of India the population of Bikaner city was 644,406 placing it in the top

70 major cities of India and 5th in Rajasthan. The female to male ratio in the city was 904/1,000.

The literacy rate in the city was about 79%, male literacy being 87% and female literacy being 71%.

3.13.6 Study Area

The area of the 10 km. radius from the project site is considered as the 250.53Ha. Gypsum mine. The

Rural/Urban-Town-CT part of villages located Bikaner District. A study was undertaken with

respect to demography, occupational pattern, literacy rate and other important socio-economic

indicators of villages likely to be affected by the project within 10 km.

Table 3-27: List of Rural/Urban areas in the study area

Villages/Towns falling in the Study Area

District: Bikaner

S. No. Name of Villages/Towns

01 Nalbari

02 Gol Pratapsingh

03 Badrasar

04 Mehrasar

05 Kawni

3.13.7 Baseline Data

The baseline data with respect to population and amenities available in the study area has

been worked out as under:

Table 3-28: Demographic particulars/population details of the study area

S. No. Description Number Percentage to

Respective Total

1 Total Population 14946 100.0

Male 8212 54.94

Female 6734 45.06

Sex Ratio 820

2 Population (0-6 age group) 2488 100.0

Male 1302 52.33

Female 1186 47.67

Sex Ratio 911

3 Population- Scheduled Caste 4558 100.0

Male 2417 53.03

Female 2141 46.97

Sex Ratio 886

4 Population- Scheduled Tribe 49 100.0

Male 29 59.18

Female 20 40.82

Sex Ratio 690




Source: Census 2011

5 Population- General (including OBC) 10339 100.0

Male 5766 55.77

Female 4573 44.23

Sex Ratio 793

6 Total No. of Households 2712

Average Household Size 6

7 Total Literates 7866 100.0

Male 5014 63.74

Female 2852 36.26

Overall Literacy Rate 63.14

Male 72.56

Female 51.41

Gender Gap in Literacy Rate 21.15

8 Total Workers 6044 100.0

Male 4551 75.30

Female 1493 24.70

Gender Gap in Work Participation Rate 50.60

9 Main Workers 5574 100.0

Male 4438 79.62

Female 1136 20.38


10 Marginal Workers 470 100.0

Male 113 24.04

Female 357 75.96


11 Household Industrial Workers 111 100.0

Male 67 60.36

Female 44 39.64

12 Total Agricultural Workers 481 100.0

Male 339 70.48

Female 142 29.52

13 Cultivators 2787 100.0

Male 1712 61.43

Female 1075

13(a) Agricultural Labour 394 100.0

Male 322 81.73

Female 72 18.27

14 ‘Other Workers’ 2665 100.0

Male 2433 91.29

Female 232 8.71




3.13.8 Population Composition

According to Census 2011, total population of the study area has been worked out to 14946. The

gender wise distribution of the above population is 8212 (54.94 per cent) male and 6734(45.06 per

cent) female. The overall sex ratio in the study area has been worked out to 820 females per 1,000

males.

Child Population Distribution

In the study area, the total child population of age group of 0-6 age group has been worked out to

2488 which constitute 16.65 per cent of the total population. Of the total child population, 52.33 per

cent are boys and remaining 47.67 per cent are girl child. The sex ratio of population in the age

group (0-6) is 911 girls per 1,000 boys.

Social Group Population Distribution

In the study area, Scheduled Caste population is 4558 which are 30.50 per cent of the total

population of the study area. Of this, 53.03 per cent is male and remaining 46.97 per cent is female.

The sex ratio among Scheduled Caste population has been worked out to 886 females per 1,000

males.

Further, the Scheduled Tribe population in the study area is 49 which represent only 0.33 per cent

of the total population. Of the total Scheduled Tribe population, 59.18 per cent is male and 40.82 per

cent is female. The sex ratio among the Scheduled Tribe population has been worked out to 690

females per 1,000 males.

Furthermore, the population of ‘General Category’ including ‘Other Backward Caste (OBC)’ has been

worked out to 10339 which comprises about 69.18 per cent of total population of the study area. Of

this, 55.77 per is male and remaining 44.23 per cent is female. Among the population of General

Category (including OBC), the sex ratio has been worked out to 793 females per 1,000 males.

14946

8212 6734

Total Population

Male Female

Population Distribution

Male54.94%

Female45.06 %

Population Share

2488

1302 1186

Total Child Population

Male Child Girl Child

Distribution of Child Population

Male Child

52.33%

Girl Child

47.67%

Share of Child Population




Household and Household Size

The entire population of the study area is distributed into approx. 2712households and the average

household size is Six.

Literates, Literacy Rate and Gender Gap in Literacy Rate

In the study area, 52.63 per cent of the population is literate. The gender wise distribution of

literates is male 63.74 per cent and female 36.26 per cent. The overall literacy rate in the study area

has been worked out to 63.14 per cent. The male literacy rate is 72.56 per cent and female literacy

rate is 51.41 per cent, creating a gender gap in literacy rate of 21.15 per cent.

Distribution of Literacy Rate

Description Literacy Rate (%)

Overall Literacy

Rate

63.14

Male Literacy Rate 72.56

Female Literacy

Rate

51.41

Gender Gap (%) 21.15

Workers and Work Participation Rate

Based on Census 2011, the total number of workers in the study area has been worked out to 6044

which is 40.44 per cent of the total population. Of the total workers, 75.30 per cent are males and

the remaining 24.70 per cent are females. In absolute term, the total number of male workers is

4551 and that of female is 1493. The gender gap in work participation rate is 50.60 per cent.

General Category (including 'OBC') Population

10339 (69.18 % of the TOTAL Population)

Male- 5766 (55.77 %) Female- 4573 (44.23%) Sex Ratio- 793

Scheduled Tribe Population

49(0.33% of the TOTAL Population)

Male- 29 (59.18%) Female- 20 (40.82 %) Sex Ratio- 690

Scheduled Caste Population

4558 (30.50% of the TOTAL Population)

Male- 2417 (53.03 %) Female- 2141 (46.97%) Sex Ratio- 886

14946

7866

5014 2852

Total Population

Total Literates Male Literates Female Literates

Distribution of Literate Population




Further, of the total workers 92.22 per cent are main workers and the remaining 7.78per cent are

marginal workers. Of the total main workers, 79.62 per cent are male and the remaining 20.38 per

cent are female. In case of marginal workers, 24.04 per cent are male and 75.96 per cent are female.

The workers are further divided into Agricultural Workers, Household Industrial Workers and

‘Other Workers’. Their shares in the total workers are 7.96 per cent, 1.84 per cent and 44.09 per

cent respectively. Of the people working in agricultural sector, 46.11 per cent are Cultivators who

possess cultivable land and the remaining 6.52 per cent are Agricultural Labour, who does not

possess land but work in the land owned by big farmers as wage earners or share cropper.

II. BASIC AMENITIES:

Table 3-29: Basic Amenities Available in the Study Area

EDUCATION

Educational Institutions Type of Institutes Number

Primary School (Govt. & Pvt.) 8

Middle School (Govt. & Pvt.) 4

Secondary School (Govt. & Pvt.) 2

Senior Secondary School (Govt. & Pvt.) 1

HEALTH

Health Facilities Type of Facilities Number

Family Welfare Centre 1

Maternity & Child Welfare Centre 1

Primary Health Sub-Centre 1

14946

6044 8902

Total Population Workers Non-workers

Workers Vs Non-workers

Workers40.44%

Non-workers59.56%

Share of Workers and Non-workers

Main Workers92.22 %

Marginal Workers7.78 %

Share of Workers

5574

4438

1136470 113 357

Distribution of Workers




WATER

Drinking Water Means of Drinking Water No. of Habitations where the

facility available

Tap 1

Tank 1

Well (Covered) 2

River/Canal 1

ELECTRICITY

Electricity Supply Power for Domestic Uses 2

ROAD

Approach Road Black Topped

(Paved/Pucca) Road

1

Gravel (Mud/Kachcha) Road 2

TRANSPORTATION

Road Transportation Bus Services 1

Source: Census 2011

Other Amenities available: Public Distribution System (PDS) Shops, Anganwadi, ASHA,

Agricultural Marketing Society, Post Offices, Self-Help Group (SHG),




CHAPTER-4 : ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND

ITS MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 INTRODUCTION

The environmental parameters likely to be affected by mining are related to many factors, i.e.

physical, social, economic, agriculture and aesthetic. The excavated mineral will be transported via

trucks to outsiders. The operations may disturb environment of the area in various ways, such as

removal of the mass, change of landscape, flora and fauna of the area, surface drainage, and change

in air, water, noise and soil quality. While for the purpose of development and economic up-liftment

of people, there is a need for establishment of mining industries but these should be

environmentally friendly. Therefore, it is essential to assess the impacts of mining on different

environmental parameters before starting the mining operations, so that abatement measures

could be planned in advance for eco-friendly mining in the area.

4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

The environment and development should be considered as mutually complementary,

interdependent, and an instrument of reinforcing the quality of life. Environmental Impact

Assessment (EIA) is the important aspect of overall environmental management strategy and an

important tool for sustainable development. It identifies major impacts of mining and associated

activities on the environment and provides guideline to prepare the necessary control measure

termed as Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

Alteration or modification of the above attributes may cause hazardous impact on ecological

equilibrium of the site. Besides this there will be some other reasons which will affect the

environment viz. traffic network route, and other vehicular movements, impacts on flora and fauna

of that area, surface drainage, and change in air, water and soil quality. The increasing awareness

among the people about ecological imbalance and environmental degradation has raised many

apprehensions. The impact assessment matrix is given below:-

Physical Environment Biological Environment Socio-Economic Environment

Ae

sth

eti

cs &

Vis

ua

l im

pa

cts

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The impacts on different environmental parameters due to this mining project are discussed below.

4.2.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE

This is a Gypsum mining project. There will be no impacts as no construction stage is envisaged in

this project.

4.2.2 OPERATION PHASE

Some of the impacts identified in various phases of the operation are insignificant and do not

warrant much attention, whereas some others are important especially with respect to the present

context.

Therefore, objective is to identify those impacts, which are significant and require a detailed

analysis for decision making or formulating adequate management measures. This section deals

with an assessment of the impact of various mining activities on the existing environmental

conditions. The methodology of assessment is based upon identification and description of the

existing project activities as well as environmental components followed by evaluating the impact

of mining and associated activities on the environment. The environmental components that are

likely to be influenced or modified by the continuation of project activities are:

Air Environment,

Noise and Vibration Environment,




Water Environment,

Land use

Soil Environment

Hydrology

Geology

Biological Environment,

Socioeconomic status of the area,

Solid Waste/overburden

4.2.3 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

The air pollution is in the form of dust, fumes and gases generated by mining machineries and

during different mining operations. The dust once allowed to go into the atmosphere cannot be

controlled hence it’s desirable not to allow them to be formed and Suppressed at the generating

source.

4.3 AIR QUALITY MODELING

4.3.1 ISCST3 Dispersion Model

The Industrial Source Complex (ISC) Short Term model provides options to model emissions from a

wide range of sources that might be present at a typical industrial source complex. ISCST3 is US-

EPA approved model to predict the air quality. The model uses urban dispersion and regulatory

defaults options as per guidelines on air quality models (PROBES/70/1997-1998).

4.3.2 Model Setup

Emission of PM10

The major sources of PM10 emission in case of Gypsum mining project are the loading activity at

mine site (loading of material over trucks / trucks by excavators) and the movement of vehicles on

unpaved haul roads. The emission rates for these sources are given in the latest USEPA’s AP-42

guidelines.

Loading of Material

The Gypsum will be loaded on dumpers using excavators. The PM10 emission rate due to loading

activity is calculated using below equation.

𝐸 = 𝑘 𝑋 0.0016 𝑋 𝑈

2.2

1.3

𝑀

2

1.4 --- AP42 (Nov 2006)

Where,

E = Emission Factor, kg/ton

k = Particle size multiplier, 0.35 for PM10

M = Moisture Content, % and u = Mean wind speed, m/s




Emission of PM10 due to Transportation

The hauling of mineral from the mine lease area to the end users via haul road (unpaved road) will

cause emission of particulate matters. The following empirical expressions is used to estimate the

quantity in pounds (lb) of size-specific particulate emissions from an unpaved road in industrial

sites, per vehicle mile traveled (VMT)

𝐸 = 𝑘 𝑠

12 𝑎 𝑊

3 𝑏

+ 𝐶 --- AP42 (Nov 2006)

Where

k, a, b are empirical constants i.e. different for different particle size.

E = size-specific emission factor (lb/VMT)

s = surface material silt content (%)

W = mean vehicle weight (tons)

C = emission factor for 1980's vehicle fleet exhaust, brake wear and tire wear, 0.0047

lb/VMT for PM10. The source characteristics s and W are referred to as correction

parameters for adjusting the emission estimates to local conditions.

Emission of CO from Vehicles

The mineral will be transported outside the mining area for end use. In order to estimate the

emission of CO from these vehicles exhaust ARAI-2007 emission factors were used in model. The

ARAI emission factors for CO emitting from heavy vehicles (diesel) is 3.92 gm/km or 6.32 g/mile.

Summary of calculating Emission Rates.

Table 4-1: Emissions Rates

Emission Rate Kg/ton g/s

PM10 Loading of

Material k x 0.0016 x ((U/2.2)^1.3/(M/2)^1.4) Kg/ton 0.000126 0.008693142

PM2.5 Loading of

Material k x 0.0016 x ((U/2.2)^1.3/(M/2)^1.4) Kg/ton 0.000002 0.000143253

Emission Rate g/s

PM10-Transportation

on Haul Road (kx(s/12)^0.9)x((W/3)^0.45))lb/VMT 7.577256101

PM2.5-Transportation

on Haul Road (kx(s/12)^0.9)x((W/3)^0.45))lb/VMT 0.757736571

4.3.3 Meteorological Data

The meteorology of the project area plays very important role in dispersion of pollutants and

buildup of pollution within the atmosphere. In the present study, one season (December 2018 –

February 2019) meteorological data has been taken to find the dispersion of pollutant

concentration. The mixing height for study period, which is an important parameter to express the

dispersive potential of atmosphere, has been taken from the atlas of hourly mixing height and

assimilative capacity of atmosphere in India. Wind Rose diagram of one season meteorological data

used for modelling is shown in Chapter-3.




4.3.4 Modeling Methodology

ISCST3 Model

The AERMODE model was used to predict the GLC of PM10 due to loading activity at mine site.

Excavators will be used to load total 50000 TPA of Gypsum on dumpers for further transportation

to end users. Point source resembling loading activity at mine site and having equivalent emission

rates were setup in mining lease to predict the maximum incremental concentration of PM10 at

baseline monitoring location (as shown in Chapter-3, Figure-3). The predicted incremental

concentration PM10was added to baseline concentration to obtain the cumulative concentration

level at baseline stations.

Results

The maximum incremental concentration of PM10 viz. 0.03338 µg/m3 was predicted at A1 location.

As the distance from source increases, the incremental concentration of PM10 drops drastically due

to settling of PM10 particles under gravity.

The predicted maximum cumulative GLC of PM10was found to be 82.03338 µg/m3 at A1location;

which is slight lower than the permissible NAAQ standard for PM10 concentration (100µg/m3).

Table 4-2: Predicted GLC of PM10 at Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations

Location

Code Location Name

Max Baseline

Conc. (µg/m3)

Predicted GLC (µg/m3)

– ISCST3 Model PM10

Cumulative GLC

(µg/m3)

AQ1 Mine Site 82.00 0.03338 82.03338

AQ2 Kawni 80.00 0.01883 80.01883

AQ3 Mehrasar 74.00 0.01826 74.01826

AQ4 Sharah Borla 72.00 0.01625 72.01625

AQ5 Gol Pratap singh 72.00 0.01615 72.01615

AQ6 Sharah Ratani

Vyas 68.00

0.01341 68.01341

AQ7 Sharah Sutharan

Makrah 67.00

0.01315 67.01315

AQ8 Sharah Sutharan

Gopala 66.00

0.01276 66.01276

4.3.5 Results for PM 2.5

The maximum incremental concentration of PM 2.5 (0.03410µg/m3) was predicted at location A1.

These locations are generally away from sensitive receptors (settlements etc.). As the distance from

source increases, the incremental concentration of PM2.5 drops drastically due to settling of PM10

particles under gravity.

The predicted maximum cumulative GLC of PM 2.5 was found to be 48.03410 µg/m3 at A1 (Ambient

Air Quality Monitoring Station–1); which is slight lower than the permissible NAAQ standard for

PM10 concentration (60µg/m3). The predicted 24 hours ground level concentrations at baseline air

quality monitoring locations are presented in table 4.3 below.




Table 4-3: Predicted GLC of PM2.5 at Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations

Location

Code Location Name Max Baseline

Conc. (µg/m3) Predicted GLC

(µg/m3) – ISCST3

Model PM2.5

Cumulative GLC

(µg/m3)

AQ1 Mine Site 48.00 0.03410 48.03410

AQ2 Kawni 46.00 0.02162 46.02162

AQ3 Mehrasar 44.40 0.02117 44.02117

AQ4 Sharah Borla 43.20 0.01933 43.21933

AQ5 Gol Pratap singh 42.00 0.01702 42.01702

AQ6 Sharah Ratani Vyas 40.00 0.01446 40.01446

AQ7 Sharah Sutharan

Makrah 38.00

0.01438 38.01438

AQ8 Sharah Sutharan

Gopala 39.00

0.01404 39.01404

4.3.6 Conclusion

From the results of AERMODE view (Version 8.8.9) model, it is concluded that the maximum

cumulative concentrations of PM10is due to mining activities and transportation which are

expected to be within the prescribed standards for PM10. It is to be noted that the predicted

concentrations from both mining activities and transportation are insignificant.

The maximum impact of incremental concentration of PM10 due to loading activity at mine

site is confined to limited distance (300m) only. Beyond 300m distance the concentration of

PM10 due to mining activities is expected to be lower due to settlement of PM10 particles over

short distances.

The incremental concentration due to transportation is limited to the length of unpaved

haul road from the mining lease area until nearest paved roads.

The concentration of CO due to vehicle exhaust is negligible due to overall size of project.

The concentrations of SOx and NOx generated from mining area are expected to be low due

to absence of any major source.

The overall impact on air quality due to proposed mining project is expected to be low

pertaining to small scale of mining activity and in proximity of unpaved haul roads only.




Figure 4-1: Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of PM10 due to Mining




Figure 4-2: Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of PM 2.5 due to Mining

4.3.7 Mitigation Measures

The proposed mining operations are not anticipated to raise the concentration of the pollutants

beyond prescribed limits. However, the following measures are suggested mitigate any harmful

impacts of pollutants -




Plantation of trees along haul roads to help to reduce the impact of dust in the nearby

villages.

Planning transportation routes of mined material so as to reach the nearest paved roads by

shortest route. (minimize transportation over unpaved road).

Dust mask shall be provided to the workers engaged at dust generation points like

excavations and loading points.

Covering of material during transportation on dumpers to prevent spillage of mineral from

the dumpers. The dumpers shall be covered by tarpaulin. Overloading shall be avoided.

Regular water sprinkling on unpaved roads to avoid dust generation during transportation;

Transportation of material shall be carried out during day time only.

The speed of dumpers plying on the haul road shall be limited to avoid generation of dust.

Haul road shall be covered with gravels.

4.4 IMPACTS OF AIR POLLUTION AND MITIGATION MEASURES

Attributes Impact Mitigation Measure Budget

Human A predicted cumulative GLC

of PM10 was 82.03338µg/m3

at A1(Ambient Air Quality

Monitoring Station) against

the threshold limit of 100

µg/m3 which can cause

adverse effect on human

health of neighboring

villagers and predicted

cumulative GLC of PM2.5 was

48.03410µg/m3 at

A1(Ambient Air Quality

Monitoring Station) against

the threshold limit of 60

µg/m3.

Dust generation due to

loading and unloading of

mineral and due to

transportation can also

affect the workers as well as

nearby villagers.

17.15KLD water will be proposed

for sprinkling on unpaved roads

to avoid dust generation during

transportation.

Safety equipment for the mining

worker Dust mask will be

provided to the workers engaged

at dust generation points like

excavation and loading points.

Planning transportation routes of

Gypsum to reach the nearest

paved roads by shortest route

(minimize transportation over

unpaved road). The speed of

trucks plying on the haul road

will be limited to avoid

generation of dust and covering

of material during transportation

on trucks to prevent mineral leak

from the trucks. The trucks will

be covered by tarpaulin.

Overloading will be avoided.

It is proposed to plant total 5000

Nos. of local species till the end of

5th year within the safety area of

mine lease, along the haul roads

and community level and school

premises etc. to prevent the

impact of dust in the nearby

Rs. 1.50

Lakhs/Annum

under Dust

Suppression is

proposed.

Rs. 2.0 Lakhs for

OHS.

Animal Grassing land will be

reduced.

Rs. 1.50

Lakhs/Annum

under Dust

Suppression is

proposed.




Plant Stomatal index may be

minimized due to dust

deposit on leaf.

village. Rs. 3.37 Lakhs/ Yr

(Plantation budget

as explained in

Chapter-10)

Crops Crop yield will be reduced.

Infrastructure There is no major impact on

infrastructure due this

mining operation.

-

4.4.1 Conclusion

In this mining project the only source of emission of air pollution is excavation, transportation,

loading, hauling operation and handling of Gypsum etc. The proposed mining operations are not

anticipated to raise the concentration of the pollutants beyond prescribed limits. However, the

measures are suggested to mitigate any harmful impacts of pollutants like plantation of trees along

haul roads, specially near settlements, to help to reduce the impact of dust on the nearby villages;

planning transportation routes of mined material so as to reach the nearest paved roads by shortest

route (minimize transportation over unpaved road); regular water sprinkling on unpaved roads to

avoid dust generation during transportation etc.

4.5 IMPACTS OF NOISE/VIBRATIONS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.5.1 Mathematical Noise Model

The resultant noise levels due to mining operations are calculated based on the

mathematical expression as below –

L2 = L1 – 20 log10 (R2/R1)

Where L1 dB(A) = Noise level at a distance R1(m)

L2 dB(A) = Noise level at a distance R2 (m)

L = 10 log10 (10L1/10+10L2/10+10L3/10+…………….+10Ln/10)

Where L1, L2 and Ln are noise level dB(A)

4.5.2 Noise Sources

The following sources of noise are expected to increase the noise levels in the mining zone as well

as in the surrounding areas:

Excavation

Loading / Unloading of Mineral

Vehicular Movement

Mitigation Measures

The following control measures should be adopted to keep the ambient noise levels well below the

limits.




Proper maintenance, oiling and greasing of machines at regular intervals shall be done to

reduce generation of noise.

The diesel engines are properly maintained.

Provision of sound insulated chambers for the workers deployed on machines producing

higher levels of noise.

Proper designing of plant & machinery by providing inbuilt mechanism like silencers,

mufflers and enclosures for noise generating parts and shock absorbing pads at the

foundation of vibrating equipment.

Green Belt/Plantation shall be developed around the mining activity area and along haul

roads. The plantation minimizes propagation of noise.

Impact Mitigation Measure Budget

Noise from the machinery can

cause hypertension, high stress

level, hearing loss, sleep

disturbance etc due to prolonged

exposure.

The machinery will be maintained in good

running condition so that noise will be reduced

to minimum possible level.

Awareness will be imparted to the workers

about the permissible noise level and effect of

maximum exposure to those levels.

Personal protective equipment will provide to

prevent the noise exposure. Personal

Protective Equipment will be provided during

mining activity.

Rs. 2.0 lakhs

for OHS

No. of 18PCU/hr will increase in

the existing traffic due to this

mining activity hence vehicle

collation may occur unwanted

sound and can also cause impact

on human health.

In addition, truck drivers will be instructed to

make minimum use of horns in the village area

and sensitive zones.

It is proposed to plant 5000 numbers of native

species every year with consultation of Forest

department with some fruit bearing and

medicinal trees, along the haul roads, outer

periphery within the lease area to reduce the

impact of noise in the study area.

Rs. 3.37

Lakhs/ Yr for

plantation

4.5.3 Conclusion

In summary, it can be stated that the impact on the present noise levels due to mining operations

will be restricted to the work zone areas only. The impact on the ambient noise levels will not be felt

at the settlement areas due to masking effect with the existing noise levels. Hence, the noise levels

and vibration impact due to the proposed mining operations on community will be minimal.

4.6 IMPACTS OF WATER POLLUTION AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES

There is no major impact on water environment. Assessment of the adverse impact and indicate the

proposed mitigating steps which will reduce the likely adverse impact are as follow:

4.6.1 Impact on Surface Water and ground water Environment

Surface Water: There will be no impact of mining in the natural flow of water and the drainage

system in the area. The lessee will construct garland drain, retaining walls, setting tanks all

around the pits and dumps. The rain water shall be utilized by harvesting techniques.




Ground Water: The water table in the area is 40-45m bgl (290-285 mRL). The mining activity

shall be reached up to 320 mRL at the end of fifth year. The ground water in the area is not likely

to be effected at all.

Contamination of flowing rain water: The ground water table of the project site ranges from 40-

50m bgl at the end of mining. The ultimate depth of mining will be 4.55m from the surface, hence

we do not intersect the water table during entire lease period at the site. The schematic diagram of

water table is given below.

Table 4-4: Impact on Water Regime and Its Significance

S. No. Particular Impact

1. Discharge of sewage from

mine site / offices etc.

The sewage discharge from mine will significant

impact on water quality. The Sewage will go to septic

tank.

2. Natural drain Impact on disturbance in natural drainage is

negligible.

3. Overburden quality and

characteristics of waste

Waste does not contain any toxic metal or acidic

material, and it is resalable.

4. Surface water source No surface water body exists in mining lease area.

Rain water harvesting pit will be construct to reduced

surface water flow

5. Ground water sources There will be no impact on ground water during the

mining activity.

Figure 4-3:Site Specific Ground Water Table along with Schematic Diagram of Water Table

4.6.2 Mitigation Measures

Natural drainage system will be followed for rain water.

No waste water will be generated from the mine.

Artificial pits will be used for rainwater harvesting.

No toxic effluents will be generated.




Regular monitoring of quality and quantity of ground water and surface water in the study

area are proposed to be done.

There is no surface water body and pond within the site.

Water conservation measure will be followed.

The mining pits will be properly benched; soil and waste dumps will be properly terraced

with inward slope retaining walls at the toe so that there is no land slide during the rains

and mixing of slits with flowing water thereof.

As the man power likely to be from nearby villages, therefore discharge of domestic waste

water will be limited can be easily controlled by septic tank.

4.6.3 Management of generated domestic Waste

The proposed man-power on the mine site is 31 and estimated Domestic Water Requirement 1.6

KLD out of which waste water generated is 1.12 KLD. Movable Toilets will be used for the purpose

of Sanitation. The treated water will be used in greenbelt development. A very small quantity of

waste will be derived & used as manure & green belt development within mine site.

The total water requirement will be 43.55KLD/day.

Generated waste water will be disposed off in septic tank/Movable Toilets. There are 2Nos. of septic

tank of capacity of 1KLD each.

Waste Water Generation : 1.12 KLD

Septic Tank Requirement : 2 Nos.

Figure 4-4: Model of septic tank for waste water treatment

Septic Tanks

A septic tank is a key component of a septic system, a small-scale sewage treatment system common

in areas that lack connection to main sewage pipes provided by local governments or private




corporations. Other components, generally controlled by local governments, may include pumps,

alarms, sand filters, and clarified liquid effluent disposal methods such as a septic drain field, ponds,

natural stone fiber filter plants or peat moss beds.

The project proponent has proposed 2 septic tanks of capacity1000 liters each.

The total retention time is 22 hours.

Description

A septic tank consists of three concrete tanks of between 400 and 1200 liters capacity. One end of

the first tank (anaerobic settling chamber) is connected to an inlet waste water pipe and the outlet

end of the tank is connected to aeration chamber. The relatively clear water passes to the

clarification tank from which the clear effluent is disposed to the septic drain field with the help of

an effluent pump.

Generally these pipe connections are made with a T pipe, allowing liquid to enter and exit without

disturbing any crust on the surface. The design of the tank usually incorporates three chambers;

each equipped with a manhole cover, and separated by a dividing wall with openings located about

midway between the floor and roof of the tank.

The retention time (RT) of the septic tank is usually 1 to 3 days. A longer retention time is chosen to

minimize cleaning frequency (running costs). A shorter retention time is chosen to minimize tank

size and initial cost. Larger tanks allow the sewage more time to digest and thus reduce the load on

the drainage system. Smaller tanks (< 6m3) need longer retention times due to increased turbulence

(i.e. 2 or 3 days.)

Settlement Chamber

Waste water enters the first chamber of the tank, allowing solids to settle and scum to float. The

time taken by the waste water is about 3 hrs after which the comparatively clear water (from the

settling zone) enters to the aeration chamber. The retention time for this stage is taken as 5hours.

Aeration Chamber

The settled solids are aerobically digested, reducing the volume of solids. The liquid component

flows through the dividing wall into the third chamber i.e. clarification chamber where further

settlement takes place. The retention time for this stage is taken as 7 hours.

Clarification Chamber

The excess liquid, now in a relatively clear condition, passes to the final pump chamber. The

retention time for this stage is taken as 10 hours.

Final Pump chamber

The liquid from the clarification Chamber, then drains from the outlet into the septic drain field,

with the help of an effluent pump. The disposable site is also referred to as a leach field, drain field

or seepage field, depending upon locality.

Conclusion

In this mining project in the entire lease period the ground water table will not be intersected hence

there will be no impact on the water environment.




4.7 IMPACTS ON LAND USE AND MITIGATION MEASURES

The project area does not consist of any forest land. It does not consist of any human habitations.

Land use plan of the mining lease area during pre-operational, operational and post operational is

shown in the Chapter 2.


The mining activity in

the mine site will be

converted into the

pit. which may cause

soil erosion, soil

degradation etc.

It is proposed to plant total of 5000 Nos. of native

species per year along the haul roads, and outside

the mining area which enhances the binding

property of the soil.

3.37 Lakhs/Yr

(Plantation budget

as explained in

Chapter-10)

Reclamation of land

affected by mining

activities during and

at the end of the

mining lease period.

It is proposed to improve the effected land wherever

possible for better land use, so as to support forestry

and creation of water reservoir, etc. Accordingly, the

land reclamation portion shall be done by planting

trees along the roads and outside the lease area.

__

4.7.1 Conclusion

The most of the land of this lease area is flat land to mild hillocks, the plantation scheme would help

in restoration of the excavated land and hence, there will be no impact on the land use. At the end of

the mining operations, a part of the mining lease area (excavated region) would be used as water

reservoir and backfilling and the surroundings would be fenced. The remaining area would be used

for afforestation after spreading top soil.

4.8 IMPACTS ON SOIL ENVIRONMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES


Mining activity may

increase the soil erosion

and soil degradation

which have adverse

impact on soil fertility.

It is already proposed to plant 5000 Nos. of local

species per year with consultation of Forest

department with some fruit bearing and medicinal

trees, along the haul roads, outer periphery within the

mining area which enhances the binding property of

the soil to check the erosion.

17.15 KLD water will be proposed for sprinkling on

unpaved roads to avoid dust generation and soil

erosion.

3.37 Lakhs/Yr

Top soil extraction from

lease area may also

affect the soil fertility

and productivity.

Top soil will be removed in advance of the actual

mining and will be stacked in a temporary stack

yard.




4.9 IMPACTS ON HYDROLOGY AND MITIGATION MEASURES


The mining in the mine site

area may cause the ground

water contamination due to

intersection of the water

table.

The water table will not be intersected

during mining as depth of pit will be up to

165mRL at the end of 5th year as the water

table is 40-45 m bgl from the surface.

Proper analysis/Monitoring will be done to

check the ground and surface water quality.

-----

Change the topography will

divert the water flow.

There is no proposal of any stream

modification/diversion due to this mining

activity hence there will be no any impact on

flow of water.

4.9.1 Conclusion

The flow of surface/ground water (sub surface flow) is following the trend of topography, which is

in the North to South direction. There is no proposal of any stream modification/diversion. Hence,

there will be no any impact on hydrology of the study area.




4.10 IMPACTS ON ECOLOGY & BIODIVERSITY AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES

Ecological Criteria

Identified Impacts

Ecological significance of

Impact

Magnitude Duration /Timing/

Frequency

Reversibility Mitigation Cumulative Impact

Zone of Influence

Project site habitat Due to Site clearance.

The proposed mining lease is located in village- Kaoni, Tehsil- Kolayat, District-Bikaner, Rajasthan. No site clearance is required.

Low impact - Reversible - No Cumulative impact

Zone of Influence

Ecological Impact Surrounding habitat due to fugitive emission.

Not much impact on the surrounding habitat is envisaged due to the transportation activity except some fugitive emission.

Temporary Impact

Only during the transportation activity.

Reversible The green belt/community forestry approach road will restrict the fugitive emission.

No cumulative impact

Accessibility Ecological Impact due to road construction

Haul Road construction between mine site to nearest approach road/highway.

No impact - - - No Impact

Zone of Influence

Ecological Impact on Surrounding/ Eco sensitive habitat due to waste water generated from the project activity.

During operation phase daily water requirement of the proposed mining activity will be 43.55 KLD out of which 1.4 KLD will be required for drinking which will be met through wells and tube wells. No waste water will be discharged in the nearby area.

No impact During operation Phase

No The waste water will be disposed off into septic tanks.

No impact




Zone of Influence

Ecological Impact on Surrounding/Eco sensitive habitat due to Noise generated from the project activity.

The Noise level during the operation phase is around 75dB. The impact on ambient noise level will be restricted only on the mine site. The ambient air quality of the surrounding villages may not have any significance increase due to the project activity.

Low impact on Flora and

fauna

During operation Phase

No As given in The EMP section.

No impact

Zone of Influence

Ecological Impact on Surrounding/Eco sensitive habitat due to Transportation

Transportation of Gypsum in the trucks/dumper will disturb the movement of Wild animals. Fugitive emission from vehicle movement will form a layer in leaves thus reducing the gaseous exchange process. This ultimately affects the growth of plants. Chances of vehicle collisions with wildlife attempting to cross roads are possible.

Moderate Impact

During operation Phase

No As given in EMP. Access roads will not encroach into the riparian zones. To the extent practicable, the right-of-way (ROW) to avoid residential areas and important wildlife habitat areas (e.g. rookeries, raptor nesting areas, and calving areas) will be provided.

Low Cumulative impact




4.10.1 Conclusion

9 scheduled-1 species has been found in the study area for which conservation plan has been

prepared and for that a budget of Rs. 10 Lakhs is proposed.

4.11 SOCIO ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE PROJECT

The socio-economic impacts of mining are many. Impacts of a mine project may be positive or

Negative. The adverse impacts attribute to physical displacement due to land acquisition, which is

followed by loss of livelihood, mental agony, changes in social structure, and risk to food security

etc. People are also directly affected due to pollution. Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is a process of

analysis, monitoring and managing the social consequences of a project. Study on Socio-economic

status has already been carried out using primary socio-economic survey for generating the

baseline data of Socio-economic status.

Anticipated Impact

From the primary Socio-economic survey & through secondary data available from established

literature and census data 2001 & 2011, it is found that there would be positive impact on Socio-

economic condition of the nearby area. There is no habitation in the mining lease area. Therefore,

neither villages nor any part of villages will be disturbed during the entire life of the mine. Mining in

this lease will give Around 31 persons will be deployed directly and100personsindirectlyinthe

project, priority will be given to the local people. Thus, limestone mining will create beneficial effect

on local people. With the operation of mining lease, various indirect employment opportunities will

also be generated. Several persons of the neighbouring villages have been benefited with contract

works, employment through contractors, running jeeps, trucks, tractors and buses on hire, running

canteens, different kinds of shops and transport related business avenues.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a Strategic Business Management concept through which a

company integrates social & environmental concerns in their business operations and can achieve a

balance of economic, environmental & social imperatives. Furthermore, at the same time attends to

the expectations of shareholders & stakeholders. Through it the company can make valuable

contribution to poverty reduction. The CSR refers to responsibility of a company to ensure positive

impact on environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and all other members

of public sphere. In India, it is comparatively a new but rising concept and the companies are going

through the learning curve. The CSR activities are increasingly being taken up by the project

proponents not only as fulfilling of mandatory provisions but also for formation and enhancement

of brand image. Besides all, CSR is seen more as a responsibility towards society rather than a

business philosophy. It is the need of the time for expansion of occupational welfare. Keeping in

mind these codes of belief, we have identified some activities, which may propose to undertake for

the benefits of the people living in the study area. This will not only improve the socio-economic

status of the people but also enhance the reputation of the project proponent among the

community. The following activities are proposed to be taken up for the benefits of the local

community:

1) Providing employment opportunities

2) Vocational training for skill development to the local youth

3) Educational scholarships and study materials to the meritorious students belonging to BPL




4) Providing drinking water facilities to nearby schools

5) Providing medical assistance/medicines to the local people

Table 4-5:IMPACTS ON SOCIO ECONOMY AND MITIGATION MEASURES


Mining activity will committed to

generate direct employment by

recruiting 31 people which will

be employed locally and

preference will be given to local

people.

Positive Impact

Rs. 1.50 lakhs/Yr

(Dust Suppression) Productivity of crops will be

deteriorated affecting the

agriculture based livelihood due

to the pollution arising out of the

mines, if proper mitigation

measures are not implemented

17.15 KLD water will be proposed

for dust suppression at mine site

and haul road (Motorable

Connecting road) by sprinklers to

avoid dust generation during mining

activity and transportation.

Mining generates extra vehicle

traffic, which negatively impairs

the environment and also the

local environment may be

impacted.

It is proposed to plant total of 5000

Nos. of local tree species per year

with consultation of Forest

department with some fruit bearing

and medicinal trees, along the haul

roads, community land and

government building to control the

dust.

Rs. 1.50 lakhs/Yr

(Dust Suppression)

4.12 IMPACTS DUE TO SOLID WASTE/OVERBURDEN AND MITIGATION MEASURES


The mine worker will generate

municipal solid waste of about

7.75 Kg per day (@0.25 kg per

person) which will have adverse

impact on human health.

2 Nos. (5 Kg each) of Garbage

bins will be provided for the

safe disposal of solid waste.

Rs 0.70 lakhs/Yr for Solid

waste and waste water

treatment

595603 Tons of waste will be

generated. Waste material is being

utilized for backfilling

continuously.

---

4.13 IMPACTS ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY


Due to noise exposure,

hearing disorder may be

resulted.

Ear-muffs will be provided to the workers and

good maintenance of vehicles will be provided.

The accident at the site due

to mining operation may be

anticipated.

Workers are informed, kept aware and trained

about possible accidents during the mining

operation and persona protective equipments




will be provided viz. gloves, safety shoes, dust

mask, safety jackets, helmet etc. In addition to,

the awareness about the occupational health

hazards due to mining activities to avoid any

incident will be provided to the workers. Pre-placement health checkup will be made

mandatory and periodic heath checkup will be

done quarterly.

The details of the proposed budget for the Occupational Health and Safety are given as in Chapter 7

of this EIA/EMP report.

4.14 TRAFFIC ENVIRONMENT

The materials from the site are transported mainly through lorry vehicles. These vehicles move

mainly through SH-3 which further diverts to Bikaner. There will be slight increase in road traffic.

Traffic volume on nearby roads will increase due to movement of medium and heavy vehicles

however considering the overall size and nature of the project, the increase in traffic will not have

any significant effect. The traffic density survey was conducted at SH-3 road. The increase in traffic

due to proposed project is calculated by considering the quantity of raw materials, total working

days and vehicle type and its capacities. (Details have been furnished in Chapter 3).

Interpretation

Out of the total traffic vehicles, 2 wheelers are very high followed by light and medium vehicles.

The movement of two wheelers and light vehicles are largely found in daytime.

The difference of heavy vehicle movement both day and night time was very marginal. The

density of heavy vehicles was comparatively low.

The LOS study shows that the existing traffic scenario for SH-3 will remain same as “Very good”.

Mitigation Measures

It is proposed to plant 5000 nos. of local tree species per year with consultation of local

administration and Forest department along the haul roads to prevent the impact of dust in the

nearby village.

To avoid accidents the speed of vehicles will be low near habitation areas.

Truck/tippers shall be parked in designated parking area only.

Minimize use of roads at any particular time by planning vehicles movements.

From above statements, it can be concluded that proposed mining project will have insignificant

effect on the traffic and proper management plan will further reduce the negative impacts.

All trucks are to be used for transportation will be covered with tarpaulin, maintained, optimally

loaded and have Pollution test certificates.

In peak hours the transportation of dumpers will be suspended. Dumpers will be transported

during day time only.

All vehicles and their exhausts would be well maintained and regularly tested for emission

concentration.




Transportation will be through covered trucks and wagons.

S.

No. Road Name Road

Length

(Km)

Road Connectivity Total Number

of Dumpers/

Day(8Hrs.)

Total Trips (Up/

Down)

Total Volume

of Mineral

Transported

(MT/Day)

From To

1. Haul Road 1 5.0 Mine Site SH-3 2 4 167

Total Production Capacity =50000 MTPA

Production/ day =167 MT/ Day

Dumper Capacity =20 MT

Total No. of Haul Road (Motorable Connecting Roads) = 1

In this mining project there are 1 haul road/Motorable road originating from mine site and

connecting to village road (all are metalled). The details of haul roads with the length and

transportation of dumpers (trips)/MT/Day are mentioned in the above table.

Budget

The total 3.43 Km long and 5m wide haul road already constructed to connect the mine lease to

nearest approach roads for transportation of minerals and a budget for the maintenance of this haul

road of Rs.1.0 Lakhs/ Yr has been proposed for the construction of haul road under EMP budget.

4.15 IMPACTS ON GEOLOGY AND MITIGATION


Degradation of land

Adopting methods that are less wasteful, use of

technologies that are user and environmentally

friendly.

It is proposed to plant total number of 5000 Nos.

of local tree species per year with consultation of

forest department with some fruit bearing and

medicinal trees, along the haul roads, community

land and government building to control the

dust.

Rs. 3.37 Lakhs/Yrs

(Plantation budget as

explained in Chapter-

10)

4.16 MINE CLOSURE PLAN

4.16.1 General

The mine closure plan is one of the most important requirements in the environmental

management of mining projects. The closure operation is a continuous series of activities right from

the commencement to decommissioning of the project. Therefore, the progressive mine closure

plan is specifically included in the mining plan, which is to be reviewed every five years in the

scheme of mining. The primary aim is to ensure that the following broad objectives along with the

abandonment of the mine can be successfully achieved:

Creation of a productive and sustainable after-use for the site, acceptable to mine owners,

regulatory agencies, and most importantly to the community.




Protection of public health and safety of the surrounding habitation.

Minimization of environmental damage.

Conservation of valuable attributes and aesthetics.

Counter balancing the adverse socioeconomic impacts.

Disposal of Mining Machinery

Initially all machinery has arranged on hire basis by the authorized contractors. There is no

proposal of disposal of mining machinery during the Scheme of Mining.

Safety and security

Safety measures to be implemented to prevent access to excavations area by un-authorized persons

as per Mines Act 1957, MMR, 1960.

i. Safety measures will be implemented as per Mines Act 1957, MMR, 1960, Mines Rules 1955.

ii. Protective equipment like dust masks, ear plugs / muffs and other equipments will be provided

for use by the work persons.

iii. Notice giving warning to prevent inadvertent entry of persons will be displayed at all

conspicuous places and in particular near mine entries.

iv. Danger signs will be displayed near the excavations.

v. Security guards will be posted.

vi. In the event of temporary closer, approaches will be fenced off and notice displayed.

Time Scheduling for Abandonment

The mining area has enormous potential for continuance of operations even after the expiry of the

awarded period. The details of time schedule of all abandonment will be given at the time of final

closer plan.

4.17 SUMMARY

The proposed mining operations are not anticipated to raise the concentration of the pollutants

beyond prescribed limits. However, the measures are suggested to mitigate any harmful impacts of

pollutants like a plantation of trees along haul roads, especially near settlements, to help to reduce

the impact of dust on the nearby villages; planning, transportation routes of mined material so as to

reach the nearest paved roads by the shortest route; regular water sprinkling on unpaved roads to

avoid dust generation during transportation etc. Some of impacts may be due to increase in the

PCU/hr which is 18 PCU/hr. Transportation of Gypsum should be minimized in the morning and

evening and cannot be done in night. Fugitive emission from vehicle movement will form a layer on

leaves, thus reducing the gas exchange process.The impact on the present noise levels due to mining

operations will be restricted to the work zone areas only. The impact on the ambient noise levels

will not be felt at the settlement areas due to masking effect with the existing noise levels. The

waste generated will be year wise backfilled. The mining activities will be done in a systematic

manner by maintaining the road infrastructure and vehicle transport, which will be a protective

measure for preserving the topography and drainage in the area. No human settlement should be

permitted in the lease mining or the nearby area. No mining will be carried out during the rainy




season to minimize impact on aquatic life. There are 9 species of Schedule I, observed during the

study period hence, for the same conservation plan has been prepared. Subsequently, a budget of

Rs. 10.0 lakhs has allotted for the conservation of wildlife species. The mining of Gypsum likely to

increase the per capita income of local people by which the socioeconomic status of the people will

be improved. The local people have been provided with either direct employments or indirect

employment such as business, contract works and development work like roads, etc. and other

welfare amenities such as medical facilities, conveyance, free education, drinking water supply etc.

Except dust generation, there is no source which can show a probability for health related diseases.

Regular water sprinkling will be done with sprinkles mounted tankers and dust masks will be

provided to the workers. All workers will be subjected to a medical examination as per Mines Rule

1955 both at the time of appointment and at least once in a year. Medical camps will be organized

for this activity. Insurance for all employees as per the rules will also be carried out.




CHAPTER-5 : ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)

5.1 INTRODUCTION

Consideration of alternatives to a project proposal is a requirement of EIA process. During the

scoping process, alternatives to a proposal can be considered or refined, either directly or by

reference to the key issues identified. A comparison of alternatives help to determine the best

method of achieving the project objectives with minimum environmental impacts or indicates the

most environmentally friendly and cost effective options.

5.1.1 ALTERNATIVE FOR MINE LEASE

During the scoping process, various alternatives were considered. A detailed study of alternatives to

determine the optimum method of achieving the project objectives with minimum environmental

impacts was carried out and the most environmentally compatible alternative was selected, details

of which are given in table 5.1.

Table No: 5.1 - PROCESS FLOW SHEET

Activities Possibilities Finalized Finalized Open cast mine development (Pit Formation)

Technologies / equipment Open cast mechanized with excavator dumper on O/B excavation and surface miner for mineral production.

Bench parameters 4.55m high benches 3 or more than 3m wide benches Approaches to the mine benches

Road with proper gradient one way traffic/two way traffic

~3.43 Km Haul road already available as this is an existing mine

Excavation of mineral and inter burden

Excavator / dumper OB is removed by excavator & dumpers for miner excavation, surface miner. Use of rock breaker

Use of inter burden generated

To reduce the wastage & increase mineral recovery

To reduce wastage, no drilling & blasting is proposed in mineralized zone / surface miner is proposed to excavate mineral in layers to avoid mixing with waste.

Place of stacking site of inter-burden

Stacking at level ground/Backfilling.

Simultaneously backfilling will be done.

Sorting of mineral/stacking of mineral &sub grade mineral.

Simultaneous sorting & blending with in mining pit.

Simultaneous sorting & blending with in mining pit

Loading of mineral Surface miner /Excavator Surface miner/ Excavator Transportation of mineral from pits to processing plant

Dumpers Dumpers for direct transportation to destination.

Land reclamation Land reclamation by plantation / backfilling/ water reservoir

Plantation on benches, simultaneously backfilling.

Plantation Green belt development surrounding ML boundary, waste dumps.

Green belt development surrounding ML boundary, waste dumps.

Employment Local persons Local persons as per availability




CHAPTER-6 : ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

6.0 INTRODUCTION

Regular monitoring of the various environmental parameters is necessary to evaluate the

effectiveness of the management programme so that the necessary corrective measures can be

taken in case there are some drawbacks in the proposed programme. Since environmental quality

parameters at work zone and surrounding area are important for maintaining sound operating

practices of the project in conformity with environmental regulations, the post project monitoring

work forms part of Environmental Monitoring Program. Environmental Monitoring Program will be

implemented once the project activity commences. Environmental Monitoring Program includes: (i)

environmental surveillance (ii) analysis and interpretation of data (iii) preparation of reports to

support environmental management system and (iv) organizational set up responsible for the

implementation of the programme.Environmental Monitoring will be taken up for various

environmental components as per conditions stipulated in Environmental Clearance Letter issued

by MoEF&CC and Consent to Operate issued by the State Pollution Control Board. Compliance of

same will be submitted to respective authorities on regular basis.

6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL

In order to maintain the environmental quality within the stipulated standards, regular monitoring

of various environmental components is necessary which will complied as per conditions. For this

the lessee M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd has taken decision to formulate an

Environment Policy of the mine and constitute an Environmental Management Cell and committed

to operate the proposed mine with the objectives mentioned in approved Environment Policy.

(Copy of approved Environmental Policy attached as Annexure VIII). The system of reporting of

Non-conformances /violation of any Environmental Law/Policy will be as per quality management

system. The internal audit will be conducted on periodic basis and any Non-conformances/violation

to Environmental Law/Policy will be closed and discussed during Management Review Meetings of

board of directors/partners.

Hierarchy

An EHS Manager will be appointed to look after all environmental issues and ensure compliance

with Environmental Clearance conditions/SPCB norms. An Assistant Manager and Executive

Environment Engineer will be appointed under the EHS Manager. EHS Manager will report to the

Lessee directly and discuss the non-compliance if, any. An immediate solution will be arrived to

ensure compliance with norms.

6.1.1 Responsibilities for Environmental Management Cell (EMC)

The responsibilities of the EMC include the following:

Environmental Monitoring of the surrounding area

Developing the green belt/Plantation

Ensuring minimal use of water

Proper implementation of pollution control measures

Access the risk area

Implementation of QMS

Conducting Internal Audits




Closing of NCs and conduction Management Review Meetings.

6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCEDURE

Monitoring shall confirm that commitments are being met. This may take the form of direct

measurement and recording of quantitative information, such as amounts and concentrations of

discharges and wastes, for measurement against corporate or statutory standards, consent limits or

targets. It may also require measurement of ambient environmental quality in the vicinity of a sit

using ecological/biological, physical and chemical indicators. Monitoring may include socio-

economic interaction, through local liaison activities or even assessment of complaints.

The key aims of environmental monitoring are:

To ensure that results/conditions are as forecast during the planning stage, and where they are

not, to pinpoint the cause and implement action to remedy the situation.

To verify the evaluations made during the planning process, in particular with risk and impact

assessments and standards and target setting and to measure operational and process

efficiency.

Monitoring will also be required to meet compliance with statutory and corporate

requirements.

Finally, monitoring results provide the basis for auditing, i.e. to identify unexpected changes.

6.3 MONITORING METHODOLOGIES AND PARAMETERS

Table 6-1: Monitoring Methodologies and Parameters

Attributes Sampling Measurement Method

Test Procedure A. Air Environment Network Frequency Meteorology Wind speed Wind direction Dry bulb temperature Wet bulb temperature Relative humidity Rainfall

Minimum 1 site in the project impact area

Regularly twice in a week by Weather Monitoring Station

Mechanical/ automatic weather station

-

Pollutants PM10 8 locations in

the project impact area (Minimum 2 locations in upwind side, more sites in downwind side / impact zone)

Revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) vide MoEF&CC circular, dated 16.11.2009

Gravimetric method -

SO2

EPA Modified West and Geake method

Absorption in Potassium Tetra Chloromercurate followed by Colorimetric estimation using P-Rosaniline hydrochloride and Formaldehyde (IS: 5182 Part - II).




NO2

Arsenite modified Jacob and Hochheiser

Absorption in dill NaOH and then estimated colorimetrically with sulphanilamide and N (I-Nepthyle) Ethylene diamine Dihydrochloride and Hydrogen Peroxide (CPCB Method).

Free Sillica 2-3 locations (Mine site, Haul road and near Habitation) will be monitored during six monthly compliance.

24 hr monitoring twice in a year

Gravimetric Method by using Repairable particulate matter sampler “Repairable Dust Sampler” (RDS)

Data analysis by using laboratory methods (Colorimetric method by Spectrophotometer)

B.Water Environment pH, Turbidity, Colour, Odour, Taste, TDS, Total Hardness, Calcium hardness, Magnesium hardness, Chloride, Fluoride, Sulphate, Nitrates, Alkalinity, Iron, Copper, Manganese, Mercury, Cadmium,Selenium, Arsenic, Cyanide, Lead, Zinc, Chromium, Aluminum, Boron, Phenolic compounds

Set of grab samples during winter season for 2 surface water samples for 10 km distance area.

Once in the study period

As per IS 3025 (Part-I)

Samples for water quality should be collected and analyzed as per : IS : 10500 methods for sampling and testing of Industrial effluents Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater analysis published by American Public Health Association.

C. Noise

Noise levels at Day and night time -Leq dB (A)

Mine Boundary, High noise generating areas within the lease.

Quarterly As per CPCB norms

As per CPCB norms

D. Soil pH, Bulk Density, Soil texture, Nitrogen, Available Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Electrical Conductivity, Organic Matter, Chloride

8 locations in the project impact area

Quarterly As per CSSRI, IISWC Method

As per CSSRI, IISWC Method

E. Socioeconomic Status

Network Frequency Measurement Method

Test Procedure

Demographic structure

Socio-economic survey is based

Yearly Primary data collection

Secondary data from census records,




6.4 MONITORING SCHEDULE

Regular Monitoring of all the environmental parameters viz., air, water, noise and soil as per the

formulated program based on CPCB and MoEF&CC guidelines will be carried out every year in order

to detect any changes from the baseline status.

Table 6-2: Monitoring Schedule

S. No. Description Schedule Of Monitoring 1. Air Quality

Free Sillica Twice in a week 24 hr monitoring twice in a year

2. Water Quality (Surface and Ground Water) Twice in a week

3. Noise Level Quarterly

4. Ecology and Biodiversity Yearly

5. Soil Quality Quarterly

6. Socio-economic Condition Yearly

7. Plantation Monitoring Once in a season

6.5 LOCATIONS OF MONITORING STATIONS

The location of the monitoring stations was selected on the basis of prevailing micro meteorological

conditions of the area like; wind direction and wind speed, relative humidity, temperature.

Locations for the post project monitoring shall be as under.

S. No. Description Location 1. Ambient Air Quality Lease area, Villages in down-wind direction from the Lease

Boundary 2. Noise Level

Monitoring Lease Boundary, High noise generating areas within the lease boundary

3. Water Level and Quality

Nearby Surface and Ground water sources

4. Soil Quality Lease area and Villages within study area.

Infrastructure resource base

Economic resource base

Health status: Morbidity pattern

Cultural and aesthetic attributes

Education

on proportionate, stratified and random sampling method

through questionnaire

statistical hard books, topo sheets, health records and relevant official records available with Govt. agencies.

Ecological Impact

Green Belt Development

Conservation of Wild Life

Survey Yearly Primary data collection.

Secondary data from statistical hard books, topo-sheets and relevant official records available with Govt. agencies




Reporting Schedule during Operation of Mine

After completion of analysis, copies of all the analysis reports will be sent to MoEF&CC Regional

Office and SPCB. Copies of the reports will be maintained in the office and will be made available to

the concerned inspecting authorities.

6.6 BUDGET ALLOCATION FOR MONITORING

The cost of the project is Rs 42.0 Lakhs and a budget for monitoring of Air, water, Noise and Soil will

be Rs. 1.00 Lakhs to be incurred by the project proponent for undertaking pollution prevention

measures during the mining activity.

6.7SUMMARY

In order to maintain the environmental quality within the stipulated standards, regular monitoring

of various environmental components is necessary which will complied as per conditions. For this

lessee M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd has taken decision to formulate an

Environment Policy of the mine and constitute an Environmental Management Cell and committed

to operate the proposed mine with the objectives mentioned in approved Environment Policy. EMP

may also require measurement of ambient environmental quality in the vicinity of a sit using

ecological/biological, physical and chemical indicators. Monitoring may include socio-economic

interaction, through local liaison activities or even assessment of complaints. Regular Monitoring of

all the environmental parameters viz., air, water, noise and soil as per the formulated program

based on CPCB and MoEF&CC guidelines will be carried out every year. The location of the

monitoring stations was selected on the basis of prevailing micro meteorological conditions of the

area like; wind direction and wind speed, relative humidity, temperature. A budget for monitoring

of Air, water, Noise and Soil will be Rs. 1.0 Lakhs to be incurred by the project proponent for

undertaking pollution prevention measures during the mining activity.




CHAPTER-7 : ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.0 General

Mining operations are associated with several potential hazards that affect adversely the human

health and environment. It would normally require the assistance of emergency services to handle it

effectively. The mining operation will be taken up under the supervision and control of qualified

staff including Mine Manager (Grade I). Similarly Gypsum mines also have impending dangers and

risk which need to be addressed for which a disaster management plan has been prepared with an

aim of taking precautionary steps to avert disasters and also to take such action after the disaster

which limits the damage to the minimum.

7.1 Public Consultation

Public hearing is very significant part of the process of public participation envisaged under the

guidelines issued by MoEF&CC, Government of India. It facilitates involvement of all the stake

holders of the project which is essential for ensuring smooth running of project and benefitting all

sections of society in the process of economic development of the region.

7.1.1 Public Hearing Notice

Public Hearing was held on 20.11.2019 at 11:00 am at venue Rajiv Gandhi Seva Kendra, Kaoni

under the chairmanship of Mr. A.H. Gauri, Additional District Collector, Bikaner, Rajasthan. The

copy of the notice for Public Hearing is given figure 7-1. The advertisements for Public Hearing were

published in "Dainik Kamyab Club" on 19.10.2019 and in "Rajasthan Patrika" on 20.11.2019, copy

attached as Annexure-X.

Figure 7-1: Notice for Public Hearing




7.1.2 Photographs of public Hearing




7.1.3 Action plan for issue raised in Public Hearing

The Proceedings of the Public Hearing has been issued by Regional Officer, Bikaner (Copy Attached as Annexure-X) and action plan has been prepared

against the issue raised in Public Hearing are as follows;

S. No. Name of

Stackholder Question/Suggestion Reply Action plan Budget

1. A.H. Gauri, Additional District Collector, Bikaner

He asked to the Sarpanch if you have any objection from this mining project so you can tell us.

The Sarpanch replied that they have no objection from this mining project.

-- --

2. Shri Govind Singh, He suggested that plantation should be done in the streets of the village and its maintenance should also be ensured.

The Additional District Collector said that after marking the width of the street, plant trees accordingly and tree guards should be installed for the protection of trees. Fruit bearing local species should be planted in place of kikar at the mining site, plant species should be one year old so that the tree survives well in future.

Under Plantation Programme local fruit bearing species will be preferred. For the better survival of plants Proper watering and cleaning, will be done and one year old plants will be planted.

A budget of Rs.3.37 Lakh/Annum is proposed for the Plantation/ Green belt development.

3. Mr. Chelu Singh, He said that road has got deteriorated due to gypsum mining.

The Additional District Collector said that this question is not related to this public hearing, the work of repairing roads is done by the state government.

This public hearing is related to environment Clearance for Gypsum Mining.

--

4. Shri Govind Singh, He submitted an application in writing to the Additional District Collector for drinking water facility for ward no 6.

The Additional District Collector said that this question is not related to this public hearing, this work is done by the state government.


--




5. Shri Lun Singh He said that hospital facility, electricity facility should be made available in Jaimalsar. He also said that teachers do not come on time in schools and studies are not being done properly.

The Additional District Collector said that this question is not related to this public hearing, this work is done by the state government.


--

6. A.H. Gauri, Additional District Collector, Bikaner

He told to Mr. SS Shekhawat, General Manager FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Limited that give brief introduction about the project and its clarify about the activities to be done for the welfare of local public.

Mr. S.S Shekhawat, General Manager FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Limited thanked the honorable Additional District Collector, and the local people for attending the public hearing. In the context of the suggestions and questions of village residents, he said that this mining project has been run by this government undertaking for the last several years. He said that villagers have contributed a lot in this project. In the context of plantation, he ensured that the plantation can be done in the streets but it has to be maintained by the villagers themselves, but according to the guidelines of the Mining Manual and Central Pollution Control Board, the plantation is done only on both sides of the mining area, Hall Road. He ensured that 1 year old local species of plants would be planted which can also survive in the desert. In the context of road repair, he told that DMFT funds are deposited to the state government on mining of mineral gypsum. The amount of DMFT funds is

Under Plantation Programme local fruit bearing species will be preferred. For the better survival of plants Proper watering and cleaning, will be done and one year old plants will be planted. Only haulage road which will be used by Project Proponent will be repaired by FAGMIL.

A budget of Rs.3.37 Lakh/Annum is proposed for the Plantation/ Green belt development. A budget of Rs. 1Lakh/Annum is proposed for the haul road repair




spent by the government in the development work around the mining areas.

Other Road will be repaired by State Govt.

and maintenance

Mr. Raghuveer, He suggested that only local people should get employment

Mr. S.S Shekhawat, General Manager, FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Limited ensured that the laborers who work in mining will be local and the remaining staff for mining is appointed on merit as per the selection process.

Due to this Mining operation Many direct and indirect employment will be generated and the priority will be given to local people.

---

Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village – Kaoni, Tehsil Kolayat, Distt-Bikaner (Rajasthan) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd



7.2 Risk Assessment

7.2.1 Introduction

Mining are associated with several hazards that pose impacts on employees & surrounding area

necessitating adequate implementation of Safety and health measures. Hence, mine safety is one of

the most essential aspects. Site Specific Major Risks involved in Gypsum Mining are following:

1. Physical Hazards (Slip/Trip Fall) due to Mining Activity

2. Mechanized Heavy Machinery Failure

3. Top Soil Erosion

4. Water Accumulation During Rainy Season and Flood

5. Occupational Health Hazard due to Inhalation of Dust

6. Natural Hazards (Bikaner District)

Earthquake Floods Fires Drought Road/ Rail Accidents Industrial/ Chemical Accidents Extreme Temperature Lightening

7.2.2 Hazard identification and risk assessment

To identify risks which need maximum attention and the options for achieving risk reduction.

To identify which risks need careful ongoing management, the nature of ongoing

management as well as the indicators that show that the risk is being managed.

To identify triggers which might be used to monitor that hazard and initiate remedial

action if elimination is not feasible.

7.2.3 Mitigation measures and Disaster Management Plan

Mining is an activity involving land degradation by excavation of existing land and OB material

disposal. The structure and strength of the host and other rocks with its mineral association plays a

vital role to plan the disasters due to failure resulting from various activities involved in mining. The

surficial mining activity does not involve high risk accident like landslide, subsidence, failure of

sides etc. The OB of the area under study is alluvium. Even though the possible disaster has assessed

which is as under:-

Disaster due to falls of sides:

The disaster due to falls of slides is caused of following reasons:

a. Loose rocks

During excavation the natural binding of the rocks are loosened. Such loss rocks may fall at any time

causing unfortunate happenings to human begins and machinery but there is no such problem in

the lease area as the gypsum is mined in the shallow depth and alluvium as OB is to be removed and

backfilled after winning the mineral. It is done in very systematic manner.




b. Unmanageable height

In systematic and scientific mining, the bench height should never be more than the width of the

bench & approach of the machinery deployed. If the height is more, it will result in undercutting

leading to collapse of in accessible part of the height. The corrective and remedial measure in this

respect is to maintain the bench height and the same is being done.

c. Intrusion of loose Earth

The Gypsum is being won by surficial mining in shallow depth. Hence, there is no such problem in

the lease area.

d. Nature & structure of the Rocks

The gypsum bed is overlying by the alluvium cover and occurring in shallow depth. The

mineralization is also bedded so the nature and structure of the rock does not have any impact.

Failure due to OB dump slope:

Failure due to slop is caused because of unmanaged height of dump from one terrace to another,

improper check and supervision to trim the edges & sides but there is not such problem is faces as

the gypsum is surficial deposit and mining confined in the shallow depth.

Surface Fire

No surface fire is involved in the Gypsum Mining.

Possible damage due to storage and use of Explosive

The gypsum mining does not involve any type of blasting hence does not involve the damage due to

storage and handling of explosive.

Possible damages due to storage of Oils & Fuels

The machine operations involves use of high- speed-diesel and lubricants. These items are

inflammable and are required to be stored properly. The HSD is to be stored in licensed storage

tank. Fabricated and erected as per specification stipulated and monitored by licensing authority.

Subsidence due to flood

The area is flat and is a part of arid zone having very low rain, so there is no chance of flood causing

any Subsidence.

Seismic activities

The area is comes in IIIrd level of seismic Zone in India.

7.2.3.1 Measures to Prevent Accidents Due to Trucks and Dumpers

All transportation within the main working should be carried out directly under the

supervision and control of the management.

The vehicles will be maintained in good condition and checked thoroughly at least once a

month by the competent person authorized for the purpose by the management.

Road signs will be provided at each and every turning point up to the main road (wherever

required).




To avoid danger while reversing the trackless vehicles, especially at the embankment and

tipping points, all areas for reversing of trucks/ tippers should as far as possible be made man

free.

A statutory provision of the fences, constant education, training, etc. will go a long way in

reducing the incidents of such accidents.

Haul trucks should be oriented essentially perpendicular to the berm, while unloading.

7.2.3.2 Other Possible Measures to Avoid Risks/ Disaster Due to Mining

Identification & determination of safe clearances by the height of bench & thickness of

mineral to be extracted.

The minerals will be mined out in a uniform way so that the water table shall not get

disturbed in its uniformity.

7.2.3.3 Preventive and Corrective Measures for Occupational Injuries To avoid any adverse effect on the health of the workers due to dust, noise etc. extensive

measures has to be adapted related to safety aspect.

Regular maintenance and testing all the tools & equipments as per manufacturer’s

guidelines.

Provision of personal protective equipment to the workers working in the mine.

Periodical Medical Examination of all workers by medical specialists will be conducted.

Awareness program will be organized for workers

Training will be given to the workers on how to use hand equipments

First aid will be provided on-site only if any accident occurs

In-case of poor condition of any equipment, it will be changed immediately

7.2.3.4 Preventive and Corrective Measures for Fires on large surface vehicles through ignition of fuel/hydraulic fluids

Availability of fire extinguishers on-site throughout the operational phase of mine

Maintenance of vehicles on monthly basis

7.2.3.5 Care and maintenance during temporary discontinuance

During temporary discontinuation of the mining in the area due to any reason of temporary

nature, following steps will be taken;

Protection of the Pit

The Gypsum is surficial deposit and mining is confined up to shallow depth and the generated OB

will be backfilled after taking production it is not required.

Protection of the area

The area is being protected by displaying a board at the entry with a caption like “ Entry in the

premise without permission is strictly prohibited” in local language.

7.2.3.6 Implementation of Disaster Management Plan

Following key personnel, identified for carrying out specific and assigned duties in case of any kind

of emergency, shall be available on call on holidays and off duty also.

• Mine Manager

• Personnel Officer




• Foreman

• Senior Mining Mate

• Essential workers

Responsibilities of Mine Manager

• To take overall charge at the place of incident and activate the Emergency Preparedness Plan according to severity of situation

• Inform doctor to be ready for treatment of affected employees and intimate their relatives. • To depute staff, carry out following functions - • To liaison with district administration and other departments and guide their personnel

• To supervise assembly and evacuation at all points

• To look after patients who are bed ridden and any casualties and give psychological support

• Inform and liaison with project proponent, Police department and District Emergency Authority

• Arrange for chronological records of emergency to be maintained

• Issue authorized statements to news media

Responsibilities of Mines Foreman

• To take immediate charge at the site of incident and ensure that immediate steps as per

Emergency Preparedness Plan are taken and immediately inform Mines manager

• Shall disseminate the information regarding emergency by blowing of siren / hooter

• Supervise assembly and evacuation as per plan, if required and ensure that casualties are

receiving proper medical care

• Ensure accounting for personnel and rescue of missing persons • Control traffic movement in quarry premises

Responsibilities of Trained Workers

• A task force comprising of specially trained staff to act and deliver in the emergency situation

shall carryout the following work

• Fire-fighting and spill control till fire brigade takes the charge and thereafter assist the fire

brigade

• Ensuring safety and isolating equipment, materials, urgent repairing or replacement, electrical

work etc • Controlling movement of equipment, transport vehicles, special vehicle at the mine site

• Extending first - aid and medical help

7.3 Occupational Health and Safety at Mine Site

Occupational health and safety (OHS) is a cross disciplinary area concerned with protecting the

safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. DGFASL I working under the

Ministry of Labor provides assistance to the State enforcing agencies, training and educating them

in the field of occupational health and safety in the industries.

A. Occupational Health

Pre Placement and Periodical Health Status

Pre /post-employment checkup will be carried out and following test will be conducted:

Hematological Test

Biochemical Test




Urine

E CG

Spirometer

Audiometry Color Vision

Health Review System

Medical Fitness From FMO

Medical Record of Each Employee will be maintained and updated with finding

B. Frequency of Medical Examination

For Mines Employee= Once in three Years

C. Personal Protective Devices and Measures

Mask for prevention of dust

Ear Muff

Safety Helmets

Safety Belts

Leather Hand Gloves

Safety Shoes/Gum boots

D. Anticipated Occupational & Safety Hazards

Musculoskeletal disorder

Noise Induced Hearing Losses

The Health impact due to diesel particulates from emission of diesel operated vehicles and

equipment

Physical Activity

Silicosis due to mining

Dehydration

Skin Disorder

Dust Exposure

7.3.1 The Occupational Health Surveillance Program

A team of qualified doctors and nurses will visit periodically for health check-up of all the workers,

team and its record will be maintained properly.

7.3.2 Impact on Human Health

This project will have an impact on the human health due to Gypsum, increased dust, creation of

breeding grounds for disease vectors, population influx which might introduce new diseases in the

area, and inadequate sanitation facilities may result in severe health Impact. Following measures

can be taken to eradicate Impact of the project.




7.3.3 Implementation of Occupational Health and Safety Measures

Occupational Health & Safety measures result in improving the conditions under which workers are

employed and work. It improves not only their physical efficiency, but also provides protection to

their life and limb. Management will consider the following safety measures:

Safety clauses in contract order

Dedicated safety team

Inspection and maintenance of equipment’s and accessories

Pre placement and periodic health check up

Removal of unsafe conditions and prevention of unsafe acts

Detailed analysis of each and every incident

To provide standard PPEs and ensure its uses for mining safety

Periodic inspection by internal and external safety experts

Celebrations of various safety events for awareness

Medical facilities & first aid boxes will be established in the mine premises.

Pits, Sumps, openings in floor, etc. which may be a source of danger, will be either securely

covered or securely fenced. Securely fencing a pit means covering or fencing it in such a way

that it ceases to be a source of danger.

Health Awareness Programs and camps will be organized

The mine workers will be provided all necessary PPE, especially dust masks for their

safeguard from dust, Ear Plugs/Ear Muffs for noise, boots etc. and measures for other

hazards.

Under initial vocational training, the workers will be given training related to all safety and

health aspects.

S. No OHS Requirement Budget

1. Health awareness Program and Training 50000

2. PPE 30000 3. Mine Safety Training to Workers 20000

4. First Aid Training 50,000

5. EHS Audit 50,000

Total 200000

7.3.4 Conclusion

Occupational Hazard due to Proposed Mining Activity of Gypsum may result in Physical Injury and

Dust Exposure. Site Specific HIRA shall be prepared and shall be carried out at regular basis to

reduce risk to occupational Hazard at site. A well-developed Safety Management is implemented

and will be complied for Proposed Expansion at the site also due care will be taken to avoid any

Minor /Major Incidents. Occupational Health Monitoring Program will be implemented to Monitor

Health of Employees and Workers.




7.4 SUMMARY

The public hearing will be conducted and the final minutes will be incorporated in the Final

EIA/EMP Report. Risk assessments will help mine operators to identify high, medium and low risk

levels. There is no displacement of the population within the project area and adjacent nearby

area. This mining project has a positive impact on social and economic well-being of the

community because this project provides employment opportunities to local people and many

social welfare works done by project proponent.




CHAPTER-8 : PROJECT BENEFIT 8.0 General

Theexecutionoftheprojectbringsoverallimprovementinthelocality,neighborhoodandtheStateby

bringing industry, roads, employment and hence improving living standard and economic growth.

8.1 Improvements in the physical infrastructure The proposed project will enhance the following physical infrastructure facilities in the adjoining areas:

a. Road Transport: The existing will be maintained regularly to improve the road

communication.

b. Market: Generating useful economic resource for construction. Excavated mineral will

provide a good market opportunity.

c. Infrastructure: Creation of community assets (infrastructure) like provision of drinking

water, village

roads/linkedroads,dispensaryandhealthcenter,marketplaceetc.,asapartofcorporate

environment responsibility.

d. Green Belt Development: A suitable combination of trees that can grow fast and also have

good leaf cover will be adopted to develop the green belt area. It is proposed to plant 5000

nos. of native species per year however, 28000 plant has already been planted by M/s FCI

Aravali Gypsum and Mineral India Ltd till March 2017 over an area of 35 ha.

e. Local Employment: This project will enhance the opportunities of employment for the local

villagers near the lease area due to which their economic status will becomes better.

8.2 Improvements in the social infrastructure

The mining in the area will create rural employment. It has been observed that the conditions of the

villages around mining areas are better than that of distance villages. The mining activity in the

region will have a positive impact on the social, economic condition of the area by way of providing

employment to the local inhabitants; wages paid to them will increase the per capita income,

housing, education, medical and transportation facilities, economic status, health and agriculture.

A detailed program for socio economic development of the area has been framed. The salient

features of the program are as follows:

i. Social welfare programs like provision of medical facilities, educational facilities, water supply

for the employees as well as for nearby villagers will be under taken.

ii. A well laid plan for employment of the local people has been prepared by giving priority to

local people.

iii. Supplementing Govt. efforts in health monitoring camps, social welfare and various awareness

programs among the rural population

iv. Assisting social forestry program

v. Adoption of villages for general development

vi. Supply of water to nearby villages

vii. Development of facilities within villages like roads, etc.

8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL –SKILLED, SEMI-SKILLED AND UNSKILLED

The propose project will generate many employment opportunities in both direct and indirect way.

As per approved mining plan 31 persons will get direct employment due to proposed project. Apart

from this many indirect employment will also be generated due to establishment of hotels, repair




workshop, tea stalls, general store. About 100-200people will be get indirect employment through

this opportunity.

8.4 ECOLOGICAL BENEFITS

This is an existing mine project so the plantation will be done within the mine lease area and also on

both side of the haul road, village Panchayat area and schools government building area etc. Green

belt is erected not from biodiversity conservation point of view but developed as a screen to check

the spread of dust pollution. It is proposed to plant 5000 Nos. of native species per year however,

28000 plants has already been planted by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd. till

March 2019 over an area of 35ha. Green belt plantation will be started with the beginning of the

mining and will be completed within five years from the beginning.

8.5 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY

As per the Office Memorandum F. No. 22-65/2017-IA.III dated May 1st 2018 by the MoEF&CC, The

Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) for Brownfield project is 1% of the project cost i.e. Rs.

42000. The mining operations will provide employment to 31 people. A budget of Rs.0.42 lakhs is

proposed under CER activities and the detail of the activities is given in the table 8.1.

Table 8-1 : Detail of Corporate Environment Responsibility

S. No. Activity Budget Allocated (in Lakh)

1. Health camp checkup 0.42

8.6 Summary

The management will recruit the semi-skilled and unskilled workers from the nearby villages. The

project activity and the management will definitely support the local Panchayat and provide other

form of assistance for the development of public amenities in this region. The company

management will contribute to the local schools, dispensaries for the welfare of the villagers. A

suitable combination of trees that can grow fast with good leaf cover will be adopted to develop the

greenbelt. The project proponent has allocated Rs. 0.42 Lakhs per annum for CER.




CHAPTER-9 : COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

As per ToR granted by MoEF&CC Rajasthan Cost Benefit Analysis study is not required for the

proposed project.




CHAPTER-10 : ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.0 INTRODUCTION

Environmental Management Plan details the environmental quality control measures which are

proposed for this project to achieve the production of 50000 MTPA by complying with the

stipulated standard limits specified by State Pollution Control Board and CPCB. The environmental

management plan includes all preventive as well as mitigation measures to minimize impact on

environment for the mined out Limestone.

Environmental Management Plan, which is to be implemented in the project has detailed under the

following heads:

Land use pattern and environment

Air Environment

Noise Environment

Water Management

Solid Waste Management

Biological Environment including Plantation Development

Implementation of EMP and Monitoring Program

The mining in the area has been proposed with time bound Management Plan so that impacts on

different environmental parameters are least at every stage of mining. Environment Policy

approved by Board of Director of M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd has been

proposed which will deal for the Environment Management cell under the supervision of Manager

of Environment Health System.

The hierarchy of Environment Monitoring cell is given below:-

Figure 10-1: Environment monitoring cell




10.1 LAND USE PATTERN

For environmental friendly mining the following control/abatement measures will be followed:

Extractionofgypsumwillbecarriedoutbyusinghydraulicexcavatorandasper approved schematic

mining.

After mining operation the mined out land will be back filled by available overburden, leveled

and returned to the respective farmer for their own use.

10.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT

Mitigation measures suggested for air emission control will be based on the baseline ambient air

quality monitoring data. From the point of view of maintenance of an acceptable ambient air quality

in the region, it is desirable that the air quality needs to be monitored on a regular basis to check it

vis-à-vis the NAAQS prescribed by MoEF&CC and in cases of non-compliance, appropriate mitigative

measures will be adopted. In order to minimize impacts of mining on air and to maintain it within

the prescribed limits of CPCB/SPCB, an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared.

This will help in resolving all environmental and ecological issues likely to cause due to mining in

the area. Duringthecourseofminingnotoxicsubstancesarereleasedintotheatmosphereas such there

seems to be no potential threat to health of human beings.

In the mining activities, the only source of gaseous emissions is from the engines of vehicles.

Proper maintenance of engines will improve combustion process and brings reduction in

pollution.

The un-metalled haul roads should be adequately compacted before being put into use.

Water should be sprinkled on these roads periodically every-day (twice in a day),to wet the

surface.

Over loading of transport equipments should be avoided to prevent spillage.

Mineral carrying trucks will be effectively covered by Tarpaulin to avoid escape of fines to

atmosphere.

Regular checking and maintenance of vehicles should be conducted once in every two

months and pollution under control certificate be obtained.

It will be ensured that all transportation vehicles carry a valid PUC certificate.

Air quality will be regularly monitored both in the core zone and the buffer zone.

In order to reduce air pollution in the surroundings, green belt will be developed around

mines office, mine approach road. The plantation will be done around the lease boundary.

10.3 NOISE AND VIBRATION ENVIRONMENT

The ambient noise level monitoring carried out in and around the proposed mine lease area shows

that ambient noise levels are well within the stipulated limits of MoEF&CC. There is no drilling and

blasting for mineral extraction. Noise pollution will only be due to loading and transporting

equipment. Effective steps will be taken to keep the noise level well below the DGMS prescribed

limit of 65 dbA.

10.3.1 Noise Abatement and Control

i. Proper maintenance of all machines is being carried out, which help in reducing generation of

noise during operations.

ii. No other equipments accept the Transportation vehicles and Excavator and Loaders (as and

when required) for loading is allowed.




iii. Noise generated by these equipments is intermittent and does not cause much adverse

impact.

iv. Periodical monitoring of noise will be done to adopt corrective actions wherever needed.

v. Plantation will be taken up along the approach roads. The plantation minimizes propagation

of noise and also arrests dust.

10.4 WATER MANAGEMENT

There will be no waste water generation from the mining operations. Only domestic waste water

generation, which will be treated in septic tank.

10.4.1 Surface and Ground Water Management

i. Mining will neither intersect the ground water table of the area. So not at all disturbing water

environment.

ii. The mining does not have any impact on topography and natural drainage of surrounding area.

iii. Rain water harvesting pits will be proposed on the mining site.

10.4.2 Water Conservation

The project do not consume any process water except for drinking, dust suppression and plantation.

Plantation is proposed, which will increase the water holding capacity and help in recharging of

ground water.

10.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

682589 m3 Waste will be generate due to mining operation during the next five years. The rejects

generated while sorting out the produced mineral will be used for backfilling simultaneously.

Generated food waste or any other domestic waste (~12 Kg/day) will be segregated in

separate dustbins (3 No/5 kg) and will be properly disposed off.

There are no toxic elements present in the mineral which may contaminate the soil or ground

water.

10.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

To study the floral and faunal diversity of the 10 km radius a detailed biological study has been

carried out and suggested mitigation measures are proposed therein so that there will be no impact

on the biological diversity of the forests falling in the proximity of the site.

10.7 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT

Development of Green Belt along the boundary of the project as well as on the road sides of the

project area is considered most effective and multipurpose biological measure. Plantation

minimizes the impact of noise, dust and very effective to check erosion and improves the

macroclimate as well as provides the habitation for birds and butterflies.Therefore, the main

objectives of green belt development plan are:

Reduction of impacts of air pollution and dust

Attenuation of noise

Checking of soil erosion




Climatic amelioration

Aesthetic Enhancement

Table 10-1: Most Suitable Floral Species for the Green Belt Development and Plantation

Activities in the Project Area

S. N Species Family Local Name

Habit Avg. Height (m)

Deciduous or Evergreen

Attributes

1 Aegle marmelos

Rutaceae Bel Tree 12-15 m Deciduous Ed-Fruit Medicinal Value Air Purifier Dust Control Noise attenuation

2 Albizia lebbeck

Mimosaceae Safed Siris Tree 3 -15 m Deciduous Air Purifier

3 Acacia nilotica

Fabaceae Kikar Tree 8 – 10 m Evergreen Ed-Fruit Timber

4 Azadirachta indica

Meliaceae Neem Tree 15–20 m Semi Evergreen

Medicinal Value Dust control Air Purifier Noise attenuation

5 Bauhinia purpurea

Caesalpinaceae Kaniar Tree 10 m Evergreen Medicinal Value Air Purifier Dust control Perfume

6 Bauhinia variegata

Caesalpinaceae Kachnar Tree 15 m Evergreen Medicinal Value Air Purifier Perfume

7 Cassia pumila

Caesalpiniaceae Yellow Cassia

Tree 12-15 m Deciduous Medicinal Value Shade

8 Cassia fistula Caesalpiniaceae Amaltas Tree 10 -15 m Semi evergreen

Medicinal Value Ornamental Avenue Plantation

9 Citrus aurantium

Rutaceae Mosambi Tree 6-15m Evergreen Ed-Fruit Medicinal Value Air purifier

10 Calophyllum inophyllum

Clusiaceae Sultana champa

Tree 7-9 m Evergreen Edible Medicinal Value

11 Dalbergia sissoo

Fabaceae Shisham Tree 25 m Deciduous Medicine Timber

12 Diospyros melanoxylon

Ebenaceae Tendu Tree 25 m Deciduous Edible Ornamental Medicinal Value




13 Delonix regia Fabaceae Gulmohar Tree 10 – 15 m Evergreen Ornamental Avenue Plantation

14 Ficus benjamina

Moraceae Pukar Tree 8-15 m Evergreen Medicinal Value Air purifier Shade Dust Control

15 Ficus benghalensis

Moraceae Barh Tree 20-30 m Evergreen Medicinal Value Air purifier Timber Shade

16 Ficus glomerata

Moraceae Goolar Tree 20-30 m Deciduous Edible Medicinal Value Shade Timber

17 Ficus virens Moraceae Pilkhan Tree 18-20 m Deciduous Ed-Veg Medicinal Value Timber Shade

18 Mangifera indica

Anacardiaceae Aam Tree 20m Evergreen Ed-Fruit Timber Shade Air purifier Dust Control

19 Moringa oleifera

Moringoceoe Senjana Tree 10-12 m Deciduous Medicinal Value

20 Psidium guajava

Myrtaceae Guava tree Tree 6-9 m Evergreen Ed-Fruit Medicinal Value

21 Prosopis cineria

Fabaceae Khejri Tree 5-8 m Evergreen Ed-Fruit Medicinal Value

22 Tamarindus indica

Caesapinaceae Imli Tree 12- 18 m Evergreen Ed-Fruit Medicinal Value

23 Terminalia arjuna

Combretaceae Arjun Tree 15-20 m Deciduous Medicinal Value

24 Tecomella undulata

Bignoniaceae Rohida Tree 6-10 m Deciduous Edible

Shelter Dust Control

25 Syzygium cumini

Myrtaceae Jamun Tree 5-10 m Evergreen Edible Medicinal Value Fast Growing

26 Clerodendrum infortunatum

Verbenaceae Bhant Shrub 0.5 -1.5 m Deciduous Medicinal Value Ornamental

27 Crotalaria burhia

Fabaceae Saniya Shrub 1 -2 m Deciduous Medicinal Value

28 Ipomea fistulosa

Convolvulaceae Behaya Shrub 1.5 -3 m Deciduous Air purifier Ornamental

29 Nerium oleander

Apocynaceae Kaner Shrub 1.5 -3 m Semi Evergreen

Ornamental Air purifier




Perfume

30 Sesbania sesban

Fabaceae Janiti Shrub 2 -5 m Evergreen Fodder

31 Ziziphus nummularia

Rhamnaceae Ber Shrub 2-5 m Deciduous Ed-Fruit Medicinal Value

10.7.1 Plan for Greenbelt

The proposed green belt in the lease area is designed taking into consideration the availability of

area and the availability of water in the western part of Rajasthan. As such MoEF&CC has accepted

our proposal for Green Belt development in an area of 8.0 hectare by planting the native plant

species all around the mine area, haul roads and other access roads as per the environment

clearance granted. The proposed green belt has been designed to control SPM and other pollutants,

noise, surface run off and soil erosion etc.

While considering the above aspects; we will follow the guidelines and suggestion given by the

Central Arid Zone research Institute (CAZRI) report on “Reclamation & rehabilitation of Gypsum

mined waste land”. Due consideration has been given while selecting the suitable characteristics of

plant species as those fast growing, evergreen trees, locally suitable plant species, those resistant to

specific pollutant and those which would maintain the regional ecological balance, soil and

hydrological conditions.

Plantation will be done within as well as outside the lease area also. It is total 33% green belt shall

be developed in the area.

10.7.2 Plan for link road and haulage road

The mining site is already connected with haulage road which is directly connect to SH-03 with

length of 3.43 Km and also passing through the mine site. This haul road will be maintain by its

annual maintenance cost is 1.0 Lakhs per annum, which will be utilized from the EMP budget the PP.

A map (Figure-10.1)is also enclosed showing the existing network of road and the proposed

motorable road. Under the afforestation plan, plantation in nearby villages and connecting roads

will be done. The implementation for development of greenbelt will be of paramount importance as

it will not only add up as an aesthetic value but will also act as a pollution sink. The species to be

grown in the areas will be dust tolerant and fast growing species. Plantation in the roads is

necessary as these areas will contain fine particulates resulting from mineral transportation

activity. Plantation will also be carried out as social forestry program in village, school and the areas

allocated by the Panchayat/State authorities. Native plants like Neem, Peepal, and other local

species will be planted. A suitable combination of trees that can grow fast and have good leaf cover

shall be adopted to develop the greenbelt. It is proposed to plant 5000 Nos. of native species along

with some fruit bearing and medicinal trees per annum. The greenbelt development program is

given in Table-10-1.

10.7.3 General guidelines for Greenbelt Development

1. Trees having more height are being planted.

2. Trees will be planted along roadsides, to arrest auto-exhaust and noise pollution

3. Since tree trunks are normally devoid of foliage (up to 3 m), it will be appropriate to have

shrubbery in form of such trees to give coverage to this portion.




4. Fast growing trees with thick perennial foliage will be grown, as it will take many years for

trees to grow to their full height.

5. In order to facilitate the proper growth of vegetation, limited measures involving

preparation of seedbed with suitable amount of fertilizers and treatment with mulches will

be taken.

Vegetation covers in and around the mine workings generally helps in:

i. Stabilizing erodible slopes to minimize pollution.

ii. Control of dust.

iii. Enhancement of aesthetic value.

iv. Maximizing evapo-transpiration, which helps minimizing run off.

v. Reducing noise.

MODUS OPERANDI:-

The plantation shall be done in three phases:-

1. Land Shaping :- The surface of the land is shaped in to terraces and slops for providing micro

catchments for rain water or half moon terraces technique. The plantation will be done in auger

holes or manual holes of 15 - 20 Cm diameter and one meter depth. The auger holes were filled

up with necessary growing medium consisting of a mixture of fine sand, farm yard manure and

top soil in equal proportions .

2. Soil Profile Modification:- The plantation will be done in auger holes or manual holes of 15 Cm

diameter and one meter depth. The auger holes were filled up with necessary growing medium

consisting of a mixture of fine sand, farm yard manure and top soil in equal proportions. It is

expected that the harvested rain water stored in auger holes would keep routes on moisture to

an optimum level.

3. Plantation:- The Planting of a mixture of tree used as top feed, shrubs used for annual browsing

and nitrogen fixation, and grasses used for land stabilization and animal grazing is appropriate.

The trees and shrubs were planted at 3m x 3 m spacing. The mixture of trees, shrubs and

grasses enhances soil fertility stability and at the same time are agriculturally useful. Based on

the growth performance the plant species proposed for plantation are Neem, Khejadi, babool

bushes. This plantation will give successful progression in terms of species richness evenness

and diversity.

COSTING:

Cost of Fencing / tree guarding for 8 ha:- 10,0000/- (approximate)

Cost of land shaping:- Rs 12000 per Hectare

Cost of Soil Profile Modification:- Rs 20000 per Hectare

Cost of Plantation: - Rs 30000 per hectare

Cost of watering round the year:- 150000/- (Approximate)

Further, the company will provide all the facilities required for ensuring security and sustainability

of plantation.




TIME SCHEDULING:

Two hectare of the land Area proposed for plantation shall be shaped every year in order to ensure

plantation in 8 hectares as approved by environmental clearance.

500 plants shall be planted per year in order to ensure its steady growth and also comply with the

plant density of 1000 plants per hectare.

Considering the extreme chilly night conditions in western Rajasthan; it is also proposed to replace

old died plants, where necessary.

The plantation will be done every year during rainy season (July-September); as this is the

favorable time for growth of vegetation in the area.

Beside this, we agree to do plantation outside the lease area in order to maintain ambient air quality

around the industry depending upon the availability of water and where the government too do not

have any objection. Thus we will try to achieve green belt development in 33% of the area.

PLANTATION PROGRAMME:-

Year Detail of plantation

Proposed Area Under Plantation

Up to March 2019 (Actual Plantation) 28000 35.00 Ha 2019-20 (Proposed Plantation) 5000 6.00 Ha 2020-21 (Proposed Plantation) 5000 6.00 Ha 2021-22 (Proposed Plantation) 5000 6.00 Ha

Total 53.00 Ha

Total Lease area - 250.53 Ha.

Area Put to use under Mining – 155.60 Ha.

Area under Green Belt - 53 Ha.

% of Total Area put to use under mining 53/155.60*100 = 34%

Thus the condition of plantation covering minimum 33% of the area put to use under mining is

being complied.




Figure 10-2: Plantation done by FCI Aravali Gypsum And Minerals Ltd.




Figure 10-3: Surface plan showing Plantation




10.8 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY (CER)

Proposed CER Activities - Apart from the various environmental protection measures, the

project proponent is conscious of its social responsibility and as any good corporate citizen, and

the detail for the same is given in chapter 8.

10.9 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR)

Being an existing mine near Village Kaoni, M/s FCI aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Limited

has been doing the social works towards its corporate social responsibilities since very long.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a Strategic Business Management concept through

which a company integrates social & environmental concerns in their business operations and

can achieve a balance of economic, environmental & social imperatives. Furthermore, at the

same time attends to the expectations of shareholders & stakeholders. Through it the company

can make valuable contribution to poverty reduction. The CSR refers to responsibility of a

company to ensure positive impact on environment, consumers, employees, communities,

stakeholders and all other members of public sphere. In India, it is comparatively a new but

rising concept and the companies are going through the learning curve. The CSR activities are

increasingly being taken up by the project proponents not only as fulfilling of mandatory

provisions but also for formation and enhancement of brand image. Besides all, CSR is seen

more as a responsibility towards society rather than a business philosophy. It is the need of the

time for expansion of occupational welfare. Keeping in mind these codes of belief, the project

proponent have done various CSR activities in last few years and currently identified some

activities to undertake for the benefits of the people living in the study area. This will not only

improve the socio-economic status of the people but also enhance the reputation of the project

proponent among the community. The following activities with budgetary allocation have been

taken up for the benefits of the local community for the year 2017-18 along with some activities

approved for year 2018-19 and previously done CSR activities for the benefits of the society in

different years.

Table 10-2:Details of CSR activities for the year 2016-2020

Year Work Done Amount Spent in CSR Work

2016-17 Education Facilities in Govt. School 6.6 lakhs


Water facility in village 2.75 lakhs


2019-20

(Proposed &

Approved)

Sanitation Facilities for girls in Govt.

School, Kaoni, Bikaner

1.94 lakhs

Drinking water Facilities in Govt. School,

20 JMD, Bikaner

0.37 lakhs

Education infrastructure in Govt. School,

Basti, Bikaner

4.37 lakhs

Health care, PBM Hospital, Bikaner 4.97 lakhs

10.10 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

Already described in chapter 7 (item no 7.7).




10.11 COST OF EMP MEASURES

Followingprovisionsareproposedtobetakenforimproving,controllingandmonitoringof

environment protection measures. Managing Director will also be monitor the related concerns

and its implementation.

Table 10-3: Environmental Management Plan

S. No. Particular Capital Cost (in Lakhs) Recurring Cost in Lakhs

One time cost

1. Dust Suppression 0.0 1.50

2. Environmental Monitoring – Air,

Water, Noise and Soil

0.0 1.00

3. Haul road Maintenance 0.0 1.00

4. Waste water treatment and

solid waste treatment

0.50 0.20

7. Rainwater recharging 0.50 0.30

Total 1.00 4.00

5.00

10.12 DETAILS OF RAINWATER HARVESTING

Rainwater harvesting is the accumulation and deposition of rainwater for reuse on-site, rather

than all owing it to runoff. Rainwater can be collected from surface runoffs or roofs, and in many

places the water collected is redirected to a deep pit (well, shaft, or borehole), a reservoir with

percolation, or collected from dew or fog with nets or other tools. Depending upon the available

contours at detailed engineering stage, the number of drainage outfall and extent of open drains

etc. will be designed so as to discharge the water to the rainwater harvesting pond for reuse in

dust suppression & greenbelt development. The calculation of rainwater endowment is

presented here which shows the total rain water harvesting potential of the plant area.

Design of Rain water recharge structure

Three most important components, which need to be evaluated for designing a rainwater

harvesting structure, are

Hydrogeology of the area including nature and extent of aquifer, soil cover, topography,

depth to water table and quality of ground water.

Area contributing to runoff i.e., total area and land use pattern, whether industrial,

residential or green belts and general built up pattern of the area

Hydro-meteorological characters viz. rainfall duration, general pattern of intensity of

rainfall.

In order to design the recharge structure, hourly intensity of rainfall is considered to be 25

mm/hr has been taken into account and the details are tabulated below.

Based on the Runoff Coefficient the water harvesting potential of a site could be estimated using

the formula given below:

Water harvesting potential in m3/year = Annual Rainfall (m) x Area of catchment (m2) x

Runoff coefficient




Table 10-4: Data Assumed and/or Available for Rain water harvesting

S. No. Details Values

1. Roof top Area (Plant &Storage area + Administrative offices, canteen,

security) (m2)

-

2. Paved Area (Entrance+ Roads+ drainages) (m2) -

3. Open Land Area m2 2505300

4. Average Annual rainfall (mm) for Bikaner District & surrounding areas

(Source: Indian Metrological Dept.)

277

5. Hourly Rainfall intensity (mm) 0.031

6. Runoff coefficient for roof top 0.80-0.90 0.85

7. Runoff coefficient for yard & paved area 0.60-0.65 0.6

8. Runoff coefficient for open land 0.10-0.15 0.15

Table 10-5: Water Quantity of Runoff Water

S. No. Details Calculation(Annual Rainfall

(m)x Area(m2)x Run-off coefff.

Total Runoff (m3

per Annum)

1. Roof top Area - -

2. Paved Area - -

3. Open Land (m2) (0.277 x 2505300 x 0.15) 104095

Total Runoff water quantity/annum (m3/year) 104095

Table 10-6: Hourly runoff

S. No. Details Calculation(Hourly Rainfall (m)x Area(m2) x Run-off coefff.

Total Runoff (m3 per Annum)

1. Roof top Area - - 2. Paved Area - - 3. Open Land Area (m2) (0.000052 x 2505300 x 0.15) 19.54

Total Runoff water quantity/annum (m3/year) 19.54

Quantum of Rainwater recharge through individual recharge Structure:

1). Volume of water within free Board (Settlement Chamber)

=1m x 1 m x 2m =4 m3

2). Volume of water in Gypsum filled Part

i.e. Volume of water within the pore spaces of Gypsum filled part @35%.

= 2m x 2 m x 2m x 0.35 = 2.8m3

3).Recharge well:

Diameter of bore: 154 mm

Diameter of well: 100 mm

Depth of recharge well: It will depend upon the granular zone and depth of water table. Annular

space will be provided with artificial mineral pack.

Volume of water in Recharge Well through which recharge will be done




Intake capacity of recharge well= 36000 lph = 36 m3/hr.

Therefore, Total volume to be recharge through an individual structure will be

= (4+2.8+36)= 42.8 m3/hr

= 19.54/42.8= 0.45 rain water structures

Thus, the rainwater recharging pit can accommodate 42.8 m3/hr of the rain water.

Therefore, 1 rainwater harvesting structure require to accommodate the total quantum of

runoff.

10.13 CONSERVATION PLAN FOR SCHEDULED FAUNA IN THE STUDY AREA

10.13.1 Introduction

Special measures to conserve/protect the rare and endangered species must be taken in the

scenario of present progressive approach of development. It is also mandatory through EIA to

take special care for such faunal species which are found in the study area. Therefore, this

conservation plan has been developed to understand RET faunal species found the study area

better and to provide appropriate guidance to the project proponent to enhance their

protection.

10.13.2 Status of Biodiversity in the Study Area

A primary survey of the project site (in core area and within the 10 km radius of the project site)

was done during the month of Dec, 2018 to Feb, 2019.

During the primary survey, no Schedule-I species of fauna was observed in the study area,

however, discussion with forest officials, villagers indicated presence of 9 Schedule - I species in

the vicinity of the project site. Out of 15 mammals, species 5 species are listed in Sch-I category

i.e. Caracal caracal (Caracal), Felis silvestris (Desert cat), Gazella bennettii (Chinkara), Manis

crassicaudata (Indian pangolin), Mellivora capensis (Honey badger). Out of 5 reptile species 2

species are listed in Sch-I i.e. Varanus bengalensis (Monitor lizard), Varanus griseus (Desert

monitor). Out of 20 avian species 2 species are listed in Sch-I, i.e. Ardeotis nigriceps (Great Indian

bustard) Pavo cristatus (Indian peafowl).

Hereafter, a brief description on all these species has been provided and then conservation

measures are suggested.

10.13.3 Description of Schedule-I species

(A) Mammals

1. Local Name: Caracal

Scientific Name: Caracal caracal

Taxonomical Classification:

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Carnivora

Family: Felidae

Genus: Caracal

Species: caracal




Distribution: It is widely distributed from Arabia to Central India. In South Africa, caracal is

found in Sahara but rare in North Africa. In India, it occurs in western India mainly in Thar

Desert and Kutch of Gujarat.

Habit and Habitat:

Caracal, a kind of wild cat (Caracal caracal), is a rare species in India. It is locally called as Jungle

Bilao or Wildcat, which has elongated black tufted ears. Caracals are slender, medium-sized cats

with long powerful legs and tufted ears. Caracals have consistent reddish and sandy colored

outer coat without any pattern. Indian Caracals can weigh between five and eighteen kilograms,

having a sleek mid-section and a short tail. Caracals have a gestation period of 10-11 weeks and

the average litter size is three kittens. The average life span of a caracal in the wild is around

twelve years to seventeen years.

The long tufts are the sensitive hair on the ears that help them detect vibrations. Caracals prefer

the more scrubby, arid habitats. In India Caracals are mostly found in the tropical dry deciduous

and tropical thorn and shrub forests of Central and Western India. These cats are expert in

catching birds by leaping high into the air and their prey varies from rodents, hares, birds,

reptiles to small antelopes such as Chinkara and Blackbuck.

Breeding Season: November to May

Threats: Primary reasons being the rapid loss of scrub and thorn habitat and unchecked human

activates in the caracals habitat. This species is already reported to be extinct in Madhya

Pradesh. These cats are seen occasionally in Rajasthan and Gujarat states.

Conservation Status: The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists and their

survival in India is also endangered. The conservation status of caracal populations is not

clear across most of the range, but the Asiatic population is threatened and listed in CITES

appendix. In India it is notified under the Sch-I of WPA, 1972.So far no special conservation

measures have been taken specific to this species. An overall restrictions and reservations of the

natural habitats under various schemes will also help this species to thrive in wild.

References:

Avenant, N.L.; Nel, J.A.J. (1998). "Home-range use, activity, and density of caracal in relation

to prey density". African Journal of Ecology. 36 (4): 347–59. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-

2028.1998.00152.x.

Mukherjee, S.; Goyal, S. P.; Johnsingh, A. J. T.; Pitman, M. R. P. L. (2004)."The importance of

rodents in the diet of jungle cat (Felis chaus), caracal (Caracal caracal) and golden jackal

(Canis aureus) in Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, India"(PDF).Journal of Zoology.262 (4):

405–411.

2. Local Name: Wild cat/Desert cat

Scientific Name: Felissil vestris

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahara

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier

https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2028.1998.00152.x

https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2028.1998.00152.x

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Renata_Leite_Pitman/publication/231743678_The_importance_of_rodents_in_the_diet_of_jungle_cat_Felis_chaus_caracal_Caracal_caracal_and_golden_jackal_Canis_aureus_in_Sariska_Tiger_Reserve_Rajasthan_India/links/00463522e355d2d646000000.pdf








Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Carnivora

Family: Felidae

Subfamily: Felinae

Genus: Felis

Distribution: The European wildcat (Felissilvestris) is distributed The Wild Cat lives in forests

of Western, Central and Eastern Europe, as well as in Scotland and Turkey. The African Wild Cat

is found in deserts and savannas of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula over a wide geographical

area that ranges from West Europe to central India, including Africa.

Habit and Habitat: Wildcats are normally active at night, dusk or dawn, but can also be active

during the day, especially in areas where there are not many humans. Asiatic wildcats often

active during the day but sometimes in night too. They often travel far at night seeking prey.

They are mainly solitary, except during the mating period. Within its own territory, the wildcat

deposits scent marks at different sites, and they may also leave visual markers on trees by

scratching them as well as leaving scent through glands on its paws. They shelter in the hollows

of fallen or old trees, rock fissures, and nests or earths that have been abandoned by other

animals. Small rodents (mice, rats and voles) are the primary prey of the wildcat, followed by

birds (especially waterfowl such as ducks, galliformes, passerines and pigeons), dormice, hares

and insectivores.

Breeding Season: January to March

Threats: Habitat loss and persecution by humans caused the dramatic decline of this species

in Europe in the 18thto mid20thcenturies. Today, the main threats are hybridization, disease

transmission, and competition with feral domestic cats. These days Habitat loss including low

prey availability has become major survival threat for this species.

Conservation Status: Conservation of the European wildcat (Felis silvestris) in Mediterranean

environments: A reassessment of current threats. The wildcat (Felis silvestris) is considered as a

"strictly protected" species under current European legislation. In India it is notified under the

Sch- I of WPA, 1972.

References:

Nowell, K.; Jackson, P. (1996)."African Wildcat Felis silvestris, lybicagroup (Forster, 1770)".

Wild Cats: status survey and conservation action plan. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN/SSC Cat

Specialist Group. pp. 32−35.Archived from the original on 2016-03-03.Retrieved 2011-11-26.

Lozano, J.; Moleón, M.; Virgós, E. (2006)."Biogeographical patterns in the diet of the wildcat,

Felis silvestris, Schreber, in Eurasia: factors affecting the trophic diversity". Journal of

Biogeography.33 (6): 1076−1085. http://animalia.bio/wildcat#habits

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordate

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felidae

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felinae

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felis

https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180912/http:/lynx.uio.no/lynx/catsgportal/cat-website/catfolk/libyca01.htm

http://lynx.uio.no/lynx/catsgportal/cat-website/catfolk/libyca01.htm

https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180912/http:/lynx.uio.no/lynx/catsgportal/cat-website/catfolk/libyca01.htm

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9788/e83e2d6e6de5a49fa572a33fc2d2830a46a9.pdf



http://animalia.bio/wildcat#habits




3. Local Name: Chinkara

Scientific Name: Gazella bennettii


Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Artiodactyla

Family: Bovidae

Subfamily: Antilopinae

Genus: Gazella

Species: Bennettii

Distribution: Chinkara is a deer species found in the South Asian countries and Western

Central India. In Afghanistan Chinkara were always rare whereas this species has reduced

drastically in Pakistan and Iran due to uncontrolled hunting. In India, the Chinkara is found in

the plains and low hills of Punjab, Rajasthan, Central India and the Deccan Plateau.

Habit and Habitat: The Indian Gazelle generally prefers to live in the grasslands, dry scrub

areas, desert, and semi – desert, sand dunes, open woodlands and dry areas. They are generally

found in areas with an annual rainfall of 150 to 750 mm.

Breeding Season: August to October

Threats: The Chinkara is threatened by extensive hunting for meat and trophies in Afghanistan,

Iran and Pakistan. In Indian context, the hunting is not now a major threat to this species but

habitat losses is a serious issue due to agricultural and industrial expansion.

Conservation Status: The Chinkara is maintained in over 80 protected areas in India. In

January 2016, the Karnataka government issued a notification to establish a sanctuary

especially for Chinkara in the Yadahalli village in the Bagalkot district of the state. This region

shelters a major population of Chinkara. Moreover, this species is also protected in five areas of

Pakistan and nine areas in Iran.

References:

Mallon, D. P. (2008)."Gazella bennettii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.Version 2017-

3.International Union for Conservation of Nature.

Chinkara, Chinkara Gazelle, Indian Gazelle, Ravine-Deer". Mammals' Planet.Retrieved 17

December 2016.

4. Local Name: Indian pangolin

Scientific Name: Manis crassicaudata

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trophy_hunting

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Karnataka

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yadahalli,_Bilagi

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagalkot_district

https://iucnredlist.org/details/8978/0

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCN_Red_List

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Union_for_Conservation_of_Nature

http://www.planet-mammiferes.org/drupal/en/node/38?indice=Gazella+bennettii





Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Pholidota

Family: Manidae

Genus: Manis

Species: Crassicaudata

Distribution: There are several species of the pangolin distributed throughout the Asian and

African countries.In India, it is found in the Western Ghats, Nilgiri mountains and forest of

Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha and Chhattisgarh. Distribution of Indian Pangolin is recorded up to

1,540 m elevation Indian Pangolin is found in different kinds of habitats such as grasslands,

rainforest and arid zones as well. Rajasthan and Gujarat are two states where it is found in the

wild arid/semi-arid habitats.

Habit and Habitat: The species can survive in a wide variety of habitats like open land,

grasslands, degraded habitats or even arid zones where ant and termite are sufficiently

available. Pangolin has very long and narrow tongue that can come out and go back with a very

fast pace and using this it eats on the eggs, larvae and adults of anta and termites and other

small insects.

Breeding Season: January, March, July, November

Threats: There are several reasons behind the dwindling population and the foremost is its low

offspring producing rate as it produces only a single offspring per year that cannot replenish the

loss from poaching as a part of international trade. This species is harvested for local

consumption and medicinal purposes by trapping, netting and snaring. Habitat loss and

degradation due to expansion of agriculture, alteration of habitat due to plantations, non-timber

plantations, and increase in human settlements and construction of dams, forest fires and pest

control practices are other causes that do not allow this species to flourish well in wild.

Conservation Status: The Indian Pangolin is categorized as “Endangered” according to IUCN

Red List of Threatened Species and listed in Appendix-I of (The Convention on International

Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). The Indian Pangolin is also a scheduled-I

species in WPA, 1972 and completely prohibited for hunting by law and punishment.

References:

Mohapatra, R. K.; Panda, S. (2013). "Behavioural sampling techniques and activity pattern of

Indian Pangolin Manis crassicaudata (Mammalia: Manidae) in captivity". Journal of

Threatened Taxa.5 (17): 5247–5255.

Mohapatra, R. K.; Panda, S. (2), (2014) "Husbandry, behaviour and conservation breeding of

Indian pangolin," Folia Zoologica 63.

Latafat, K.; Sadhu, A. (2016). "First Photographic Evidence of Indian Pangolin (Manis

crassicaudata, E. Geoffroy, 1803) in Mukundara Hills Tiger Reserve (MHTR), Rajasthan, India".

Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society.113 (21–22).

https://www.wwfindia.org/about_wwf/priority_species/threatened_species/indian_pangolin

https://www.wwfindia.org/about_wwf/priority_species/threatened_species/indian_pangolin/




5. Local Name: Honey badger

Scientific Name: Mellivora capensis


Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Carnivora

Family: Mustelidae

Genus: Mellivora

Species: Capensis

Distribution: Honey badgers are native to areas of Africa and Asia, from southern Morocco to

Africa's southern tip, and western Asia's Caspian Sea, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Nepal, and

western India. This species is also had a good presence in India but now becoming rare.Honey

badgeris sighted in forests of Cauvery at Karnataka.

Habit and Habitat: They live mainly in dry areas but are also found in forests and grasslands of

the Indian states Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra.

Breeding Season: September to December

Threats: There seems no direct threat to this species other than intentional or unintentional

killing by farmers and apiculturists to protect their assets. Other indirect threat includes the

habitat loss due to various anthropological activities.

Conservation Status: The IUCN Red List identifies the species as "Least Concern" because,

although the population is declining however, in India it is recognized as schedule-I species

under WPA, 2972. In India there are several conservation/ reserve area which are also

providing protected habitat to the Honey badger e.g. Malai Mahadeshwara Wildlife Sanctuary,

Karnataka, Biligiriranganatha Swamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary, and Karnataka.

Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu Sathyamangalam and Tadoba Andhari Tiger

Project, Maharashtra.

References:

Do Linh San, E., Begg, C., Begg, K. & Abramov, A.V. (2016). "Mellivora capensis". The IUCN Red

List of Threatened Species. IUCN: e.T41629A4521010.doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-

1.RLTS.T41629A45210107.en

Mohammed, A. H. S., Haider, S. K., & Salman, R. A. (2014).Morphological study of the lingual

papillae in Mellivora capensis tongue. Journal of US-China Medical Science, 11(1), 42-46.

(B) Reptiles

1. Local Name: Monitor lizard (Goh)

Scientific Name: Varanus bengalensis

https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/41629/45210107

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_IUCN_Red_List_of_Threatened_Species

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_IUCN_Red_List_of_Threatened_Species

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCN


https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T41629A45210107.en

https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T41629A45210107.en

http://www.davidpublisher.com/Public/uploads/Contribute/5509477e6bc2e.pdf

http://www.davidpublisher.com/Public/uploads/Contribute/5509477e6bc2e.pdf




Taxonomical Classification: Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Reptilia Order: Squamata Family: Varanidae Genus: Varanus Subgenus: Empagusia Species: Bengalensis

Distribution:

Monitor lizards have different kind of subspecies which are distributed over the vast area of

globe from Africa, Indian Sub-continent, China, South-east Asia, Thailand, Brunei, Indonesia, the

Philippines, New Guinea, and Australia even in the islands of the Indian Ocean and South China

Sea.

Habit and Habitat:

Bengal Monitor lizards are diurnal and carnivorous with diverse feeding behaviors including

carnivorous predating nature sometimes. Diets of various species of monitor lizards include

fruit, invertebrates, mammals, birds, fish and carrion. Monitor lizards inhabit jungles, coastal

forests and areas close to the rivers. In some parts of the world, monitor lizards are kept as

house pets.

Breeding Season: June to September

Threats: Reptilian species are declining very fast rate over the entire globe but there is not an

evident and direct cause other than the climate change and habitat loss that directly affects the

various kind of prey species and in turn affects the reptiles severely.

Conservation Status: Most of the monitor lizard species are in Red List IUCN. In India it is

notified under the Sch-I of WPA, 1972

References:

Auffenberg, W. 1983 Courtship behaviour in Varanus bengalensis. In Advances in Herpetology

and Evolutionary Biology: Essays in Honor of Ernest E. Williams (Rhodin & Myata eds.): 535-

551.

Auffenberg, W. 1983.The burrows of Varanus bengalensis. Rec. Zool. Surv. India 80: 375-385.

2. Local Name: Desert Monitor

Scientific Name: Varanus griseus

http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Carnivore

http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Mammal

http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Bird

http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Fish





Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Reptilia

Order: Squamata

Family: Varanidae

Genus: Varanus

Subgenus: Psammosaurus

Species: Griseus

Distribution: The desert monitor, Varanus griseus, is widely dispersed through North Africa,

India, South West Asia, and Pakistan, as well as throughout Central Asia. The desert monitor’s

original range spanned Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Haryana.

Habit and Habitat: The species is distributed mainly in the lower elevations, and is found both

in dry semiarid desert habitats to moist forest. The diet of the Caspian monitor is similar to that

of the nominate race. In many areas they feed on hatchling tortoises which emerge in the spring

and excavate and consume tortoise eggs which are laid in May. They also eat small mammals,

including the giant gerbil and young hares.

Breeding Season: May and June

Threats: The main causes of reduction of the quantity, reduction and fragmentation of habitat

of grey monitor lizard are anthropogenic transformation and destruction of its habitat, deaths

on the road by a car, the chase and extermination by human because of traditionally negative

attitude to it from the most of the local population.

Conservation Status: Indian desert monitor Varanus griseus is the least common of the

wild/desert lizards found in India and notified under the Sch–I of WPA, 1972. There is an urgent

need to understand habitat attributes and identification of conservation priorities areas of

this endangered species.

References:

Bennett, D. (1995). Desert Monitor, Grey Monitor, A Little Book of Monitor Lizards, Viper

Press.

Gale Group (2001). Desert Monitor’’Archived 2012-04-25 at the Way back Machine.

https: //www.rufford.org/files/19111-2%20Detailed%20Final%20Report.pdf

(C) Avian Species

1. Local Name: Great Indian Bustard

http://www.mampam.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=43&Itemid=76&limit=1&limitstart=0

http://www.galeschools.com/environment/endangered/desert_monitor.htm



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine

https://www.rufford.org/files/19111-2%20Detailed%20Final%20Report.pdf




Scientific Name: Ardeotis nigriceps


Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Aves

Order: Otidiformes

Family: Otididae

Genus: Ardeotis

Species: Nigriceps

Distribution: This species was formerly well known to found in Indian subcontinent i.e. India

and Pakistan. In India, the bird was found in Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh,

Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Tamil

Nadu but unfortunately this bird has now reached near to extinct level.

Habit and Habitat: The Great Indian Bustard, one of the heaviest flying birds, can weigh up to

15 kg and grow up to one meter in height. It is considered the flagship grassland species,

representing the health of the grassland ecology. The habitat where it is most often found is arid

and semi-arid grasslands, open thorn scrub, tall grass interspersed with cultivation. It avoids

irrigated areas. The major areas where they are known to breed are in central and western

India and eastern Pakistan. The great Indian bustard is omnivorous feeding on seeds, crops,

berries and cereals. They also feed on large insects, rodents, small birds and reptiles

Breeding Season: March and September

Threats: There are several kinds of threats to Great Indian Bustard. Most recognized threats are

degradation and disturbance in existing grassland habitat due to overgrazing, hunting, lack of

awareness and support from local communities and hunting by feral dogs.

Conservation Status:

It is now in the Critically Endangered list of the IUCN and also listed in the CMS Convention, and

CITES Appendix I, to both of which India is a signatory. After suffering neglect for decades, the

Indian bustard species is now getting protection at several levels. Now, it has got the highest

protection status as it is listed in Schedule-I of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act. Great Indian

Bustard has been identified as one of the species for recovery programmed under the Integrated

Development of Wildlife Habitats (Centrally Sponsored Scheme) of the Ministry of Environment

and Forests, Government of India, 2009.Later, It is now found in six states of India, and all these

states have taken some kind of conservation measures by declaring protected areas such as

Karera Bustard Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh, Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary in Andhra Pradesh

and Jawahar Lal Nehru Bustard Sanctuary (Nannaj) in Maharashtra.

References:

Dutta, S; AR Rahmani; YV Jhala (2010). "Running out of time? The great Indian bustard

Ardeotis nigriceps—status, viability, and conservation strategies". European Journal of

Wildlife Research.57 (3): 615. doi: 10.1007/s10344-010-0472-z

Kumar Sambhav Shrivastava (6 June 2013). "Rajasthan announces Project Great Indian

Bustard". Down To Earth.


https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10344-010-0472-z

http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/rajasthan-announces-project-great-indian-bustard






2. Local Name: Indian Peafowl

Scientific Name: Pavo cristatus


Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Aves

Order: Galliformes

Family: Phasianidae

Genus: Pavo

Species: Cristatus

Distribution: The Indian peafowl is commonly found in Indian subcontinent and mainly in the

Central India as well as Sri Lanka.

Habit and Habitat: It is found in moist and dry-deciduous forests, but can adapt to live in

cultivated regions and around human habitations also. Peafowl is omnivorous, feeds on grain,

green crops, insects, small reptiles and small mammals also.

Breeding Season: Mostly breed in rainy season from April to August

Threats: The Indian peafowl population is facing threat of several kinds. Some direct threats

are demand for feathers and wild meat, conflict with farmers during cropping season, increased

use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, habitat degradation mainly due habitat fragmentation

due to agriculture and industrial growth. Other possible causes are poisoning to counter crop

damage, consumption of eggs and fat extracts for alleged medicinal values, killing for wild meat,

death by eating chemically treated agricultural crop seeds.

Conservation Status: Peafowl is the National Bird of India. In India it is notified under the Sch-I

of WPA, 1972 which protects these birds from killing and illegal trade. Now this bird is

considered flourishing well.

References:

Bird Life International (2012)."Pavo cristatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Version 2013.

International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.

Petrie M, Krupa A, Burke T (1999). "Peacocks lek with relatives even in the absence of

social and environmental cues". Nature. 401 (6749): 155–157. Bibcode:

1999Natur.401.155P.doi: 10.1038/43651.

Conservation Plan/Measures

A total of 9 Schedule-I species are reported from the study area. As per the description and

status of these species there are some common threats to these species which are; habitat loss,

illegal hunting and less awareness towards the conservation and importance of the endangered

species. However, there is no high degree disturbance to the biodiversity is supposed due to the

proposed mining activity as this site is located in dessert where very scanty vegetation is found,

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_subcontinent

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lanka

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BirdLife_International

https://iucnredlist.org/details/22679435/0

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCN_Red_List

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Union_for_Conservation_of_Nature

http://www.nbb.cornell.edu/neurobio/BioNB427/READINGS/Sherman1999.pdf



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibcode

http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999Natur.401..155P


https://doi.org/10.1038%2F43651




still, few recommendations of the preventive nature are recommended to protect the nature

while enhancing its attributes, as follows:

1. Development of green belt along the boundary as well as along the road sides of the project

area. This will minimize the impact of noise and dust if any being produced. A list of the

suitable plant species has been provided in the Table 10-2.

2. The project area shall be strictly used for only the activities permitted. The boundary of the

leased area will be marked prior to start of work at the site. The workers must be instructed

to not to enter in the adjoining forest. Project Proponent must instruct all the workers not to

harm or kill any animal, and also they must not cut trees for their various needs.

3. Few measures to support the survival of the recognized RET species also expedite in the

surroundings of the projects site i.e.

Identification of green pockets with the presence of Pangolin, Honey badger and other

RET species must be exercised. Such patches must be demarked and protected from

any kind of disturbance. Moreover, the greenery in these patches must be enhanced by

plantation of the native wild trees and shrubs. This will provide the enhance shelter

and prey availability to the concerned species.

Development of tree groves in surrounding villages along with barren lands or

degraded forest patches will be expedited in the buffer zone. Local species of trees and

shrubs are recommended for this purpose. These small green patches provide shelter

and habitat for all kind of wild birds, reptiles, amphibians, butterflies and mammals.

Tree groves near villages must be improved with plantation and then maintained.

Habitat improvement work with plantation of trees and shrubs must be carried out.

Increase the tree cover in the buffer area will provide required shelter and roosting of

peacocks and other birds. The selection of plant species will be based on requirements

of species. Tree species such as Amaltash, Neem, Sirsi and Peepal trees etc.are

recommended for peafowl whereas shrubs/bushes like Crotalaria burhia, Ziziphus

nummularia, Maytenus emarginata and Prosopis cineraria etc. are good for the great

Indian bustard.

Some small water pits should be dug and kept filled by tankers and also with rain water

harvesting. This will provide the water for drinking to the all kinds of birds and

animals. Moreover, the ponds in the study area must be cleaned, repaired and filled.

1. Awareness program among the local people should be organized to make them understand

the importance of wildlife and not to perform any poaching or killing of animals. People

must be educated to protect plants and animals. Villagers must be aware of the endangered

species.

2. Celebration of ‘Wildlife Week’, ‘Van Mahotsav’ and ‘Environment Day’ etc. must be

popularized and organized with various public participation activities.

3. People must be educated and aware that speed of the vehicles must be in limit to avoid

accidents/ killing while passing such roads where wild animals usually cross sides.

4. The people living in the surrounding area and employee of the company would be motivated

towards the protection of the animal.

5. The concerned authorities must be informed immediately if any illegal poaching, illegal

trade or human- wild life conflict in the area is noticed.




6. Project activity must not be carried out in night time as animals are sensitive to noise and

they also disturbed by lights. Measures for the dust and noise suppression should also be

practiced to avoid any disturbance to the wild life.

10.13.4 Budget for Conservation Plan

Table10-7: Budget for Conservation Plan S. No. Activities Cost in Lakh

1. Introduction of Agro forestry tree species in agriculture fields. 2.0

2. Plantation on barren lands or degraded forests or tree groves with maintenance cost

2.0

3. Creation of water pits, renovation of water bodies/ponds in the core area

5.0

4. Awareness program in village to protect & conserve the wildlife 1.0 Total 10.0

10.14 SUMMARY

As per Above discussion there is no major impact on the environment due to mining except

fugitive emission in the form of dust generated during handling of mineral. The adequate

preventive measures will be adopted to contain the various pollutants within permissible limits.

Plantation development will be carried out in the mine premises, along the approach roads,

around Govt. buildings, schools. The conservation plan suggested here is for scheduled

fauna(Animal and Bird) which will be implemented by the mining lease holder and the

budgetary provision is discussed and given in detail for the implementation of the same in the

area. It will prove an effective pollution mitigate technique, and help avoid soil erosion during

monsoon season. Employment opportunities will be provided to the locals only as providing

extraction of minerals from the mine site is the only prevailing occupation for them for their

livelihood.




CHAPTER-11 : SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

11.1 GENERAL

The chapter discusses about the summary of whole EIA/EMP report along with

recommendation and conclusion. The proposed mining lease area falls in the Survey of India

Toposheet (OSM) No 44 H/4, 44H/3, 44D/15, 44D/14. The lease area is located Village-Kaoni,

Tehsil –Kolayat, District-Bikaner (Raj.) by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and minerals India Ltd.

11.2 DETAILS OF THE PROJECT

S. No. Particulars Details A. Nature and Size of the

Project Environmental Clearance as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 06th April, 2018 for Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02,) with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191cum/year OB by M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd.

B. Location Name of Unit Khasra Number Area of Block in ha Kaoni Gypsum Mine 74,75,161/1,161/13,162,165/1,165

/2,166/1,131/5,131/6,131/7,131/8,131/12 to 131/16, 131/20 to 131/24

250.53

Total 250.53 Village Kaoni,

Tehsil Kolayat,

District Bikaner

State Rajasthan

Toposheet (OSM) No. 44 H/4, 44H/3, 44D/15, 44D/14 C. Lease Area Details Lease Area 250.53ha

Topography Flat terrain Site Elevation Range 170 mRL to 178 mRL Source: Mining Plan

D. Cost Details Cost of the project Rs. 42.74 Lakhs/-

Cost for EMP Rs. 5.00 Lakhs/Yr Cost for CER Rs. 0.42 Lakhs/Yr

OH&S Rs. 2.00 Lakhs/Yr

Cost For Biodiversity Conservation

Rs.10.00 Lakhs/-

E. Environmental Settings of the area Ecological Sensitive

Areas (National Park, Wild Life Sanctuary, Biosphere Reserve, Reserve/ Protected Forest etc.) within 10 Km radius


Seismic Zone Zone III

Water Body Indira Gandhi Canal approx 2.34 Km in E




11.3 INTRODUCTION

As per MoEF&CC notification S. O. 1530(E) dated 6.4.2018, our project falls under clause b

which is re-pronounced as-“fresh EC required for all project which were granted environmental

clearance under the EIA Notification, 1994, but not obtained environmental clearance for

expansion / modernization / amendment under the EIA Notification, 2006”.

11.4 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd. has been Applied for Environmental clearance

of Existing Kaoni Gypsum (Minor Mineral) Mining project (ML No 01/02, ML Area 250.53 ha)

with production capacity 50,000 TPA Gypsum & 136191 cum/year OB at Near Village–Kaoni,

Tehsil Kolayat, Distt - Bikaner (Rajasthan). The total gross geological reserves, have been

estimated as 8,52,227 MT. The total waste generated in next five year is 682589 m3. The mining

methodology adopted is open-cast mining. The ultimate depth of mining is 4.55m which will not

affect the ground water table which is 40-45m. The total water requirement for the project is

43.55 KLD. The total manpower requirement for the project is 31.

11.5 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Environmental data have been collected in relation to proposed mining for Air, Noise, Water,

Soil, Ecology and Biodiversity. The generation of primary data, as well as collection of secondary

data and information from the site and surroundings was carried out during winter Season, i.e.

December 2018 to February 2019. The EIA study is being done for the Mine Lease (core zone)

and area within 10 Km distance from the mine lease boundary (buffer zone), both of which

together comprise the study area.

Table 11-1: Baseline Environment Status

Parameter Baseline Status

Ambient Air Quality PM10–52.0 to 82.0µg/m3

PM2.5–30.0 to 48.0µg/m3

SO2–5.0 to 14.0µg/m3

NOx –17.6 to 30.0µg/m3

Noise Level Noise Level During Day Time –44.6 to 52.4 dB Noise Level During

Night Time -36.2 to 42.4 dB

Water Quality Surface Water: All the Parameters Like TDS (714 to 865 mg/L), pH

(7.48 to 7.53), Total Hardness (302 to 412 mg/L) etc. are found

within the permissible limits.

Soil Quality pH - 7.51 to 8.46, Texture –Sandy Loam, Organic Matter –1.08 to

1.42%

Ecology And

Biodiversity

There is no wildlife sanctuary/biosphere reserve/national park

present within 10 Km radius of the study area. Nine schedule-I

specie was observed during study. Subsequently, a budget of

Rs.10.00Lakhs has been earmarked for conservation of wildlife.

Socio Economic The existing project will provide positive impact to the nearby area.

The project will provide direct employment, which will be hired

through the nearby villages.




Traffic The proposed project will not cause major impacts due to increase

in the PCU/hr which is 18 PCU/hr. The LOS study shows that the

existing traffic scenario is "Very good" and the free flow of vehicles

is observed during the study period. Due to the mine project the

traffic density will increase as the entire mineral will be transported

through the SH-03 under study and the value of LOS would remain

same i.e. Very good.

11.6 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

The proposed mining operations are not anticipated to raise the concentration of the

pollutants beyond prescribed limits. However, the mitigate measures are suggested to

control harmful impacts of pollutants, like the plantation of trees along haul roads,

especially near settlements, to help to reduce the impact of dust on the nearby villages;

regular water sprinkling on unpaved roads to avoid dust generation during transportation

etc. Some of impacts may be due to increase in the PCU/hr which is 18 PCU/hr. There are 9

species of Schedule I observed during the study period hence, for the same conservation

plan was prepared. Subsequently, a budget of Rs. 10 Lakhs has allotted for the conservation

of wildlife species. The mining of Gypsum is likely to increase the per capita income of local

people by which the socioeconomic status of the people will be improved. The local people

have been provided with either direct employments or indirect employment such as

business, contract works and development work like roads, etc. and other welfare amenities

such as medical facilities, conveyance, free education, drinking water supply etc. Except dust

generation, there is no source which can show a probability for health related diseases.

Regular water sprinkling will be done with sprinkles mounted tankers and dust masks will

be provided to the workers. All workers will be subjected to a medical examination as per

Mines Rule 1955 both at the time of appointment and at least once in a year. Medical camps

will be organized for this activity. Insurance for all employees as per the rules will also be

carried out.

11.7 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

We have analyzed all the option for alternatives of the Gypsum Mining Project. Since it is an

existing and mineral specific project therefore, analysis of alternative site is not applicable.

11.8 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

In order to maintain the environmental quality within the stipulated standards, regular

monitoring of various environmental components is necessary which will comply as per

conditions. For this the lessee M/s FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals India Ltd. has taken

the decision to formulate an Environment Policy of the mine and constitute an Environmental

Management Cell and committed to operate the proposed mine with the objectives mentioned

in approved Environment Policy. Monitoring may include socioeconomic interaction, through

local liaison activities or even assessment of complaints. Regular Monitoring of all the

environmental parameters viz., air, water, noise, SE,EB and soil, as per the formulated

program based on CPCB and MoEF&CC guidelines will be carried out every year. The location

of the monitoring stations was selected on the basis of prevailing micro meteorological




conditions of the area like; wind direction and wind speed, relative humidity, temperature. A

budget for monitoring of Air, water, Noise SE,EB and Soil will be Rs. 1.0 Lakhs per annum

which is to be incurred by the project proponent for undertaking pollution prevention

measures during the mining activity.

11.9 ADDITOINAL STUDIES

Public Hearing was held on 20.11.2019 at 11:00 am at venue Rajiv Gandhi Seva Kendra, Kaoni

under the chairmanship of Mr. A.H. Gauri, Additional District Collector, Bikaner, Rajasthan.

Risk assessments will help mine operators to identify high, medium and low risk levels. Risk

assessments will help to prioritize the risks and provide information on the need to safely

control the risks. In this way, mine owners and operators will be able to implement safety

improvements. Mining and allied activities are associated with several potential hazards to

both the employees and the public at large. A worker in a mine will be able to work under

conditions, which are adequately safe and healthy. At the same time, the environmental

conditions also will not impair his working efficiency. This is possible only when there is

adequate safety in mines. Hence, mine safety is one of the most essential aspects of any

working mine.

11.10 PROJECT BENEFIT

The management will recruit the semi-skilled and unskilled workers from the nearby villages.

The project activity and the management will definitely support the local Panchayat and

provide another form of assistance for the development of public amenities in this region. The

company management will contribute to the local schools, dispensaries for the welfare of the

villagers. It is proposed to plant 5000no's per annum in 6 ha area. The project proponent has

allocated Rs. 0.42 Lakhs per annum for CER Activities. The officers of the Rajasthan State

pollution control Board will strictly monitor the compliance of the lease holder in this regard.

11.11 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

As per above discussion there is no major impact on the environment due to mining of Gypsum

except fugitive emission in the form of dust generated during mining of its allied activity. The

adequate preventive measure will be adopted to contain various pollutants within permissible

limits. Plantation development will be carried out in the mine premises, along the approach

roads, around Govt. buildings, Schools. It will prove an effective pollution mitigation. Continuous

water sprinkling will be done to control fugitive dust emission.

11.12 Conclusion

From the baseline study and various above discussions on the probable impacts of all the

operational activity. It has been concluded that this project will cause more positive impacts and

will generate the revenue and employment in the area. On the above facts the baseline study,

this project is recommended for the commencement with proper mitigation measure as

suggested.




CHAPTER-12 : DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED 12.1 INTRODUCTION OF ORGANIZATION

Mantec Consultants Pvt. Ltd., established in 1979, is a multi-disciplinary consulting firm offering

infrastructural, environmental, management, technical and IT services.

Our team consists of technical and management experts coming from the top echelons of

various professional services. The in-house capabilities are augmented and strengthened by our

panel of associates who are well known experts in their respective fields.

We provide a complete range of environmental and social impact assessment services with an

expert In-house team of professionals and associates. Mantec is an ISO 9001:2015 & OHSAS

certified company, having a full-fledged Environmental Laboratory duly recognized by the

Ministry of Environment Forest & Climate Change (MoEF&CC) and accredited by NABL

(National Accreditation Board for Testing Calibration Laboratory). We are accredited by

NABET/QCI for conducting the EIA studies.

Commitment to excellence has been the company’s credo since the day of its inception and

forms the central emphasis in all our operations.

12.2 SERVICES OFFERED

We Mantec is providing various environmental services in more than 15 industries/sectors

including infrastructure, mining, irrigation, river valley projects, power plants, refineries, ports,

airports, highways, residential colonies, hazardous waste sites, forestry and rural development

projects etc.

1. Environmental Impact Assessment Studies

2. Environment Management Plans

3. Social Impact Assessment Studies

4. Rehabilitation and Resettlement Studies and Resettlement Action Plans

5. Safety Audits & Environmental Audits

6. Risk Analysis and Disaster Management Plans

7. Environmental Monitoring of Air, Water, Noise, Soil, Solid and Wastes

8. Environmental Monitoring of Industrial emissions, industrial effluents, ambient air etc.

9. Waste Water Management Both domestic (sewage) and industrial

10. Ground & Surface Water Treatment and Supply

11. Design and implementation of Wastewater Treatment Plants as well as Common Effluent

Treatment Plants

12. Studies on River, Lake and Forest ecosystems

13. Watershed and Waste land management

14. Solid Waste Management including Hazardous and Biomedical Waste Management

15. Oil Spill Response

16. Rehabilitation of Mines

17. Remote sensing and GIS survey

18.




12.3 LABORATORY FACILITY & EQUIPMENTS

Mantec Environmental Laboratory (Recognized by MoEF&CC and Accredited by NABL)

Monitoring & Analytical Capabilities for;

Ambient Air

Stack Gas emissions

Process and work zone

Indoor Air

Volatile organic compounds (VOC’s)

PAH’s in Ambient Air

Hydrocarbon in Ambient Air and Stack

Heavy metals in Ambient Air, water, Soil

Ultimate and proximate analysis. (C.H.N.S.O)

Air Modeling

Drinking Water, Raw Water and Process

Water Analysis

ETP and STP Water Analysis

Soil, Sludge and Hazardous Waste Analysis

Lab Equipments

Dust Samplers and PM2.5 Sampler

Stack Monitoring Kit

Organic Vapor Sampler

Non Dispersive Infrared

Spectrophotometer (NDIR)

Atomic Absorption

Spectrophotometer

Gas Chromatograph

UV Spectrophotometer

Flame Photometer

Mercury Analyser

COD Digester

Micro meteorological Station

ICP OES

ORSAT

CO Analyzer

Bacteriological Chamber

Digital Ultrasonic

Multigas Analyzer

12.4 ADDRESS & CONTACTS

Head Office

805 Vishal Bhawan, 95 Nehru Place, New Delhi, 110019.

Phone: 91-11-26429293/4/5 Fax: 91-11-26842531

E-Mail: [email protected]

Environment Division, D-36, Sector-VI, Noida- 210 301

Email: [email protected], Ph: 0120 – 4215804, 4215000 Fax: 0120 – 4215809

mailto:[email protected]




12.5 ESTEEMED CLIENTELE

1. BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED

2. BHARAT ELECTRONICS LIMITED 3. FCI ARAVALI GYPSUM AND

MINERALS INDIA LIMITED 4. HINDUSTAN PETROLEUM

CORPORATION LIMITED 5. INDIAN OIL CORPORATION

LIMITED 6. NTPC LIMITED 7. NATIONAL HYDROELECTRIC

POWER CORPORATION 8. INDIAN COUNCIL OF FORESTRY

RESEARCH AND EDUCATION 9. ISHIKA FERTILIZER LIMITED 10. JAI PRAKASH ASSOCIATES 11. JUBILANT AGRI AND CONSUMERS

PVT. LTD. 12. TATA CHEMICALS LIMITED 13. NATIONAL HIGHWAY AUTHORITY

OF INDIA 14. NATIONAL FERTILIZERS LIMITED 15. PUNJAB ALKALIES AND CHEMICALS

LTD. 16. RAJASTHAN STATE MINES AND

MINERALS INDIA LIMITED 17. MYSORE MINERALS LIMITED 18. KANDLA PORT TRUST 19. KARNATAKA POWER

CORPORATION LIMITED 20. KUMAON MANDAL VIKAS NIGAM

LIMITED 21. SAURASHTRA CHEMICALS

LIMITED, GUJARAT 22. UTTARAKHAND FOREST

DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION 23. SUMAN ENTERPRISES 24. JAI YAMUNA JI DEVELOPERS 25. MARKANDESHWAR

CONSTRUCTION COMPANY 26. M.P. STATE MINING CORPORATION

LTD. 27. JINDAL MECTEC PVT. LTD. 28. HARYANA MINING CO. 29. ELDECO INFRASTRUCTURE 30. ANSAL PROPERTY &

INFRASTRUCTURE 31. DELHI STATE INDUSTRIAL AND

INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION (DSIIDC)

32. EXOTICA HOUSING LTD.

33. LOUIS BERGER GROUP 34. AMBUJA CEMENT 35. WAPCOS LTD.

36. INDIAN COUNCIL OF FORESTRY

RESEARCH AND EDUCATION 37. IL&FS TRANSPORTATION

NETWORK LTD. 38. THDC INDIA LTD. 39. MADHYA PRADESH ROAD

DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION 40. VEDANTA RESOURCES 41. RAVI TAWI IRRIGATION COMPLEX,

GOVT. OF J&K 42. INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL

TECHNOLOGY 43. JHARKHAND ISPAT PVT LTD 44. KARNATAKA VETERINARY ANIMAL

AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY

45. ESSAR STEEL INDIA LTD. 46. WELCOME FOOTWEAR 47. COIM INDIA PVT. LTD. 48. HARYANA STATE ROADS AND

BRIDGES DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LIMITED

49. ULTRATECH CEMENT LTD. 50. AXISCADES ENGINEERING

TECHNOLOGIES LTD. 51. INVESTIGATION DESIGN &

RESEARCH BOARD (IDRB), KERALA 52. WATER RESOURCE DEPARTMENT,

RAJASTHAN 53. BHARAT PETROLEUM

CORPORATION LIMITED 54. ADOR FONTECH LTD. 55. PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT

DELHI 56. THE INDIAN EXPRESS 57. WATER RESOURCES DEPARTMENT,

GOVT. OF JHARKHAND 58. SUN PETRO CHEMICALS PVT.LTD. 59. TANCEM 60. FCI ARAVALI 61. SATLUJ JAL VIDYUT NIGAM (SJVN)




12.6 OUR CREDENTIALS




Documents

EXISTING KAONI GYPSUM (MINOR MINERAL) MINING PROJECTenvironmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/EIA/06032020KBZCJ1PFFinalEIA.pdf · FINAL EIA/EMP REPORT FOR EXISTING KAONI GYPSUM (MINOR