EXIN Cloud Computing

- Presented By -

Prasadh Kulkarni SMEEP Technologies Pvt Ltd.

(IT Infrastructure, Internet & Telecom Consultant)

(Data Center Consultant & AWS Consulting Partner)

INDEX

1. Introduction to Cloud Computing

2. Characteristics of Cloud Computing

3. Types of Cloud Computing

4. Cloud Deployment Models

5. Virtualization

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is typically defined as a type of computing that relies on sharing computing resources rather than having local servers or personal devices to handle applications.

These components typically consist of a front end platform (fat client, thin client, mobile device), back end platforms (servers, storage), a cloud based delivery, and a network (Internet, Intranet, Intercloud). Combined, these components make up cloud computing architecture.

Benefits of Cloud Computing

Economies of scale

Enterprise-class functionality

Money Matters

Infrastructure vs. Applications

Security Problems

Compliance

Reliability

The Legacy Issue

Characteristics of Cloud Computing

API based access: There are four major areas where cloud computing will need to integrate with another platform (or even another cloud provider).

PaaS APIs (Service-level): Also known as Platform-as-a-Service, these service APIs are designed to provide access and functionality for a cloud environment. This means integration with databases, messaging systems, portals, and even storage components.

SaaS APIs (Application-level): These APIs are also referred to as Software-as-a-Service APIs. Their goal is to help connect the application-layer with the cloud and underlying IT infrastructure. So, CRM and ERP applications are examples of where application APIs can be used to create a cloud application extension for your environment.

IaaS APIs (Infrastructure-level): Commonly referred to as Infrastructure-as-a-Service, these APIs help control specific cloud resources and their distribution. For example, the rapid provisioning or de-provisioning of cloud resources is something that an infrastructure API can help with. Furthermore, network configurations and workload (VM) management can also be an area where these APIs are used.

Cloud provider and cross-platform APIs: Many environments today dont use only one cloud provider or even platform. Now, there is a need for greater cross-platform compatibility. More providers are offering generic HTTP and HTTPS API integration to allow their customers greater cloud versatility. Furthermore, cross-platform APIs allow cloud tenants the ability to access resources not just from their primary cloud provider, but from others as well. This can save a lot of time and development energy since organizations can now access the resources and workloads of different cloud providers and platforms.

Cost: Pay As You Go

Device independence

Virtualization: The word "cloud" is often thrown around as an umbrella term, while "virtualization" is often confused with cloud computing. Although the two technologies are similar, they are not interchangeable, and the difference is significant enough to affect your business decisions. virtualization differs from cloud computing because virtualization is software that manipulates hardware, while cloud computing refers to a service that results from that manipulation. "Virtualization is a foundational element of cloud computing and helps deliver on the value of cloud computing, or "Cloud computing is the delivery of shared computing resources, software or data as a service and on-demand through the Internet."

Multi-tenancy: Multi-tenancy is an architecture in which a single instance of a software application serves multiple customers. Multi-tenancy can be economical because software development and maintenance costs are shared. It can be contrasted with single-tenancy, an architecture in which each customer has their own software instance and may be given access to code. With a multi-tenancy architecture, the provider only has to make updates once. With a single-tenancy architecture, the provider has to touch multiple instances of the software in order to make updates.

Types of Cloud Computing

Software as a Service:

SaaS is a software delivery method that provides access to software and its functions remotely as a Web-based service. Software as a Service allows organizations to access business functionality at a cost typically less than paying for licensed applications since SaaS pricing is based on a monthly fee. Also, because the software is hosted remotely, users don't need to invest in additional hardware. Software as a Service removes the need for organizations to handle the installation, set-up and often daily upkeep and maintenance. Software as a Service may also be referred to as simply hosted applications.

Examples: Oracle, SAP, Sales Force

Platform as a Service:

Platform as a service (PaaS) is a cloud computing model that delivers applications over the Internet. In a PaaS model, a cloud provider delivers hardware and software tools usually those needed for application development to its users as a service. A PaaS provider hosts the hardware and software on its own infrastructure. As a result, PaaS frees users from having to install in-house hardware and software to develop or run a new application.

Example: Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google AppEngine

Infrastructure as a Service: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is a form of cloud computing that provides virtualized computing resources over the Internet. IaaS is one of three main categories of cloud computing services, alongside Software as a Service (SaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS). In an IaaS model, a third-party provider hosts hardware, software, servers, storage and other infrastructure components on behalf of its users. IaaS providers also host users' applications and handle tasks including system maintenance, backup and resiliency planning.

Cloud Deployment Models

Virtualization

Virtualization technology is possibly the single most important issue in IT and has started a top to bottom overhaul of the computing industry. The growing awareness of the advantages provided by virtualization technology is brought about by economic factors of scarce resources, government regulation, and more competition.

In computing, virtualization means to create a virtual version of a device or resource, such as a server, storage device, network or even an operating system where the framework divides the resource into one or more execution environments.

Even something as simple as partitioning a hard drive is considered virtualization because you take one drive and partition it to create two separate hard drives. Devices, applications and human users are able to interact with the virtual resource as if it were a real single logical resource.

Role of Virtualization in Cloud Computing

Virtualization is the key to cloud computing, since it is the enabling technology allowing the creation of an intelligent abstraction layer which hides the complexity of underlying hardware or software.

Server virtualization enables different operating systems to share the same hardware and make it easy to move operating systems between different hardware, all while the applications are running.

Storage virtualization does the same thing for data. Storage virtualization creates the abstraction layer between the applications running on the servers, and the storage they use to store the data.

Types of Virtualization

Storage virtualization: the amalgamation of multiple network storage devices into what appears to be a single storage unit.

Server virtualization: the partitioning a physical server into smaller virtual servers.

Operating System-level virtualization: a type of server virtualization technology which works at the operating system (kernel) layer.

Network virtualization: using network resources through a logical segmentation of a single physical network

Benefits of Virtualization

Server Consolidation

Testing and development

Dynamic Load Balancing and Disaster Recovery

Virtual Desktops

Improved System Reliability and Security

Hypervisor : A hypervisor or virtual machine monitor (VMM) is a piece of computer software, firmware or hardware that creates and runs virtual machines. A computer on which a hypervisor is running one or more virtual machines is defined as a host machine. Each virtual machine is called a guest machine. The hypervisor presents the guest operating systems with a virtual operating platform and manages the execution of the guest operating systems. Multiple instances of a variety of operating systems may share the virtualized hardware resources.

Failover : Failover allows the VM to continue operations if the host fails. However, in this case, the VM continues operation from the last-known coherent state, rather than the current state, based on whatever materials the backup server was last provided with.

Virtualization terminologies

Backup and Snapshotting: A snapshot is the state of a virtual machine, and generally its storage devices, at an exact point in time. A snapshot enables the virtual machine's state at the time of the snapshot to be restored later, effectively undoing any changes that occurred afterwards. This capability is useful as a backup technique, for example, prior to performing a risky operation.

Virtual machines frequently use virtual disks for their storage; in a very simple example, a 10-gigabyte hard disk drive is simulated with a 10-gigabyte flat file. Any requests by the VM for a location on its physical disk are transparently translated into an operation on the corresponding file.

Examples of Virtualization

Virtualization has already grown from a branch of technology to a broad technology concept nowadays and below are few of main players and their area of technology Platform Virtualization - VMWare - Microsoft Hyper-V - Citrix XenApps Storage Virtualization - EMC vmax / vplex - IBM Storwize Network Virtualization -Cisco Network Virtualization -Juniper TX Matrix Series

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