EXERCISE 4:HTML 101

EXERCISE 4:HTML 101

By Dan Adamo, Anna Kalimouline, Oliver C.C. Zhang,George Lewis, Daryl Lee

Class: MPM17Date Due: October 12, 2011

1. WHAT IS A WEBSITE?

A website is essentially a connected group of pages on the World Wide Web regarded as a single entity, usually maintained by one person or organization and devoted to a single topic or several closely related topics.

2. WHAT IS A WEBPAGE?

A webpage, on the other hand, is a document on the World Wide Web, consisting of an HTML file and any related files for scripts and graphics, and often hyperlinked to other documents on the Web which are normally accessed by using a browser.

3. WHAT CODING ELEMENTS PROVIDE A WEBPAGE ITS STRUCTURE, PRESENTATION AND BEHAVIOUR, WHY IS IT DESIGNED THIS WAY?The predominant markup language for web pages is called HTML (HyperText Markup Language). They are formatted in this way so that it allows images and objects to be embedded and can be used to create interactive forms. It allows pages to display typefaces such as italics, references such as hyperlinks, and formats such as paragraphs and headings. It can also be embed scripts in languages such as JavaScript which affect the behavior of HTML webpages.

4. HOW DO YOU WRITE AN HTML TAG, WHY?

Webpages are written in the form of HTML elements consisting of tags, enclosed in angle brackets within the web page content. In between these tags web designers can add text, tags, comments, and other types of text-based content. The structure is:

To begin a tag: opening angle bracket followed by an element and then a closing angle bracket.

To end a tag: an opening angle bracket followed by a forward slash, then the element, then a closing angle bracket.

4. HOW DO YOU WRITE AN HTML TAG, WHY? CONTINUEDFor example:

<html> - Begins your HTML document.and </html> - Begins your HTML document.

They are formatted in this way so that the language can be understood when it’s inputted. A way that it can be seen is that tags are written the same way a sentence is written. An opening angle bracket is always at the beginning of an element, just like how the first letter of a sentence is always capitalized.

4. HOW DO YOU WRITE AN HTML TAG, WHY? CONTINUEDThe element is always in-between the angle brackets just like how words form the middle of a sentence. Finally, a closing angle bracket is always placed at the end just like how a period always ends a sentence.

HTML coding must be written in this way as it allows a program or software to know when something starts or ends, and what purpose it serves.

5. WHAT IS THE DOCTYPE ELEMENT USED FOR? Doctype begins the html document and tells a validator which version of HTML to use when checking the documents’ composition.

6. WHAT IS AN ATTRIBUTE?Attributes provide additional information about elements. They are always specified in the start tag

Come in name/value pairs like: name=”value”

7. WHAT IS A META TAG?Metadata is information about data. The <meta> tag provides data about the HTML document. Metadata will not be displayed on the page, but will be machine readable.Meta elements are typically used to specify page description, keywords, author of the document, last modified.

The <meta> tag always goes inside the head element.The metadata can be used by browsers (how to display content or reload page), search engines (keywords), or other web services.

8. WHERE DO YOU WRITE TEXT YOU WANT TO SEE ON THE PAGE?You write the text in the body area of your html code in between <body>, and</body> For example:

<html><body>Hello everybody!</body></html>

9. WHAT IS THE H1 TAG USED FOR?

The H1 tag is used to describe a page or a section of a page.

‘H’ stands for ‘header’ and it ranges in size from h1-h6, 1 being the largest and 6 being the smallest.

10. HOW DO YOU LOAD AN IMAGE ON THE PAGE?In order to upload an image on the page you must type in this code:

<img src="w3schools.jpg" width="104" height="142" />

The ‘W3schools’ will be replaced with your image’s name. You may also alter the image’s width/height using the options provided in the code.

11. WHAT IS FTP AND HOW DO YOU USE IT?FTP is a Way to transfer files to your site. Open the FTP program (FileZilla), choose a site you want to connect to, and then choose the files you want to upload.

12. WHAT IS HTTP AND HOW DOES IT WORK?

http (hypertext transfer protocol, is the main system used to access text, videos and images stored on the internet) allows your browser and the servers you use to access the Internet.

“When you enter a URL into your Web browser, the browser sends out a data request for the information stored under that address, which is then transferred back to you. Your browser then interprets the data and displays it for you in the appropriate manner.”

13. WHAT IS A SERVER, A WEB SERVER?A server is a computer designed to provide various services for an entire network. It is typically either a workstation or a mainframe because it’s often expected to handle far greater loads than ordinary desktop systems. The most common use of web servers is to host web sites but there are other uses, like data storage.

A Web Server is a computer on the World Wide Web (connected to the Internet Backbone) that stores HTML documents which can be retrieved via a Web browser.

14. WHAT IS A URL AND HOW DOES IT WORK?The term "Web address" is a synonym

for a URL. It identifies a file on the Internet, usually consisting of the protocol, as http, followed by the domain name. For example, the two URLs below point to two different files at the domain pcwebopedia.com.

ftp://www.pcwebopedia.com/stuff.exehttp://www.pcwebopedia.com/index.html

The first shows an executable file that should be fetched using the FTP protocol, the second a Web page that should be fetched using the HTTP protocol.

15. HOW DO YOU CREATE A LINK?The anchor element A is used to link different documents together. The href attribute specifies the destination of a link.

<a href="webaddress">title</a>

For example:

<a href="http://www.ryerson.ca/">Visit Home Page of Ryerson University</a>

Documents

EXERCISE 4:HTML 101