EXECUTIVE SUMMARY TECHNICAL PROPOSAL · ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PLANNING DEPARTMENT 1 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND The Planning Department commissioned ERM - Hong Kong,

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TECHNICAL PROPOSAL

Agreement No. PLNG 13/2007Survey on Features with Cultural HeritageValue Covering Part ofthe Northern New Territories

17 December 2007th

Environmental Resources Management

21/F Lincoln HouseTaikoo Place 979 King's RoadIsland East Hong Kong

Telephone 2271 3000Facsimile 2723 5660

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Delivering sustainable solutions in a more competitive world

Tender for Contract No. 06/9036

Planning Department

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Executive Summary

Agreement No. PLNG 13/2007Survey on Features with Cultural HeritageValue in the Sha Tau Kok, Ta Kwu Ling andMa Tso Lung Areas

28 September 2007th

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CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 BACKGROUND 1 1.2 STUDY AREA 1 1.3 APPROACH TO THE ASSIGNMENT 1

2 FINDINGS 3

2.1 FEATURES CODING 3 2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF FEATURES WITH CULTURAL HERITAGE VALUE 4 2.3 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 5

3 CONCLUSIONS 11

ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PLANNING DEPARTMENT

1

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND

The Planning Department commissioned ERM - Hong Kong, Ltd (ERM) to

undertake a on Features with Cultural Heritage Value in Sha Tau Kok, Ta Kwu

Ling and Ma Tso Lung Areas. The work was undertaken under Agreement No.

PLNQ 13/2007 (hereafter referred to as the Assignment). This area, near the

boundary with Shenzhen, is not yet covered by any statutory town plan and

the establishment of a database of built heritage is therefore important in

future land use planning for this area.

1.2 STUDY AREA

The Study Area (see Figure 1.2a) is located in the northern New Territories

close to the border with Shenzhen and mostly within the Frontier Closed

Area. The Assignment focuses on the Sha Tau Kok area in the east, Ta Kwu

Ling area in the centre and Ma Tso Lung/Lok Ma Chau (east of San Sham

Road) area in the west

1.3 APPROACH TO THE ASSIGNMENT

The Assignment was executed in accordance with Section 6 of the Assignment

Brief and made reference to the Antiquities and Monuments Office’s (AMO)

practice for conducting built heritage surveys. It serves as the basis for future

reference and makes no assessment of the relative value of individual

identified features. The general approach to the Assignment included: a

desktop study, field survey and reporting phase, each of which is described

below.

1.3.1 Desktop Study

The objective of the desktop study was to compile an inventory of the features

with cultural heritage value or with potential cultural heritage value within

the Study Area, comprising:

• all pre-1950 buildings and structures;

• selected post-1950 buildings and structures of high architectural and

historical significance and interest; and

• cultural landscape and features including sites of historical events or

providing a significant historical record or a setting for buildings or

monuments of architectural importance, historic field patterns tracks and

fish ponds and cultural elements, such as Fungshui woodlands and clan

graves.


2

1.3.2 Field Survey

Field surveys were conducted between 20 June and 10 December 2007 to

identify features with potential cultural heritage value that until now had

gone unrecorded. This exercise included field scanning, the taking of

photographic records and interviews with village representatives.

1.3.3 Reporting

The outcome of the desktop research and field survey findings are presented

in the Final Report. This details the features with or with potential cultural

heritage value identified within the Study Area. Historical and architectural

appraisals, photographic records and location plans are presented in the Final

Report.


3

2 FINDINGS

2.1 FEATURES CODING

The Study Area is divided into four survey areas: Study Areas A to D as

shown in Figure 1.2a.

A unique alphanumeric feature code was allocated to each identified feature

with or with potential cultural heritage value. Each code was prefixed with a

three or four letter code denoting the sub-area:

• Study Area A: STK

• Study Area B: TKLE

• Study Area C: TKLW

• Study Area D: MTL

For features with or with potential cultural heritage value located within a

village, coding using the village name was adopted, for instance, ST01 refers

to the first feature identified in Shan Tsui village. Table 2.1a provides a list of

these codes. Those features located outside villages and that have not been

associated with any local place name were given the purely sub-

area/numerical code, for example, STK01 was the first site identified in the

Study Area A.


4

Table 2.1a Village/Place Names Used as Feature Codes in the Survey

Village/Place Features Code

Study Area A

Kong Ha (崗下) KH

Shan Tsui (山咀) ST

Sheung Tam Shui Hang (上担水坑) STSH

Ha Tam Shui Hang (下担水坑) HTSH

Tsiu Hang (蕉坑) TH

Muk Min Tau (木棉頭) MMT

San Tseun Shueng Wai (新村上圍) STSW

San Tseun Ha Wai (新村下圍) STHW

Tong To (塘肚) TT

Study Area B

Lin Ma Hang (蓮麻坑) LMH

Heung Yuen Wai (香園圍) HYW

Ha Heung Yuen (下香園) HHY

Tsung Yuen Ha (松園下) TYH

Kan Tau Wai(簡頭圍) KTW

Tong Fong (塘坊) TF

Study Area C

Chow Tin Tsuen (週田村) CT

Fung Wong Wu (鳳凰湖) FWW

San Uk Ling (新屋嶺) SUL

Lei Uk (李屋) LU

Lo Wu (羅湖村) LW

Muk Wu (木湖) MW

Muk Wu Nga Yiu (木湖瓦窰) MWNY

Sha Ling (沙嶺) SL

Study Area D

Lok Ma Chau (落馬洲) LMC

Liu Pok (料壆) LP

2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF FEATURES WITH OR WITH POTENTIAL CULTURAL HERITAGE

VALUE

Features with or with potential cultural heritage value were categorised as

follows:

1. Declared Monuments – statutorily protected against the threat of

development under the Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance to enable

preservation for posterity;

2. Deemed Monuments – these are features with cultural heritage value

where agreements are in place with the owners to ensure preservation.

Deemed Monuments can be upgraded to statutory Declared Monuments

under the AM Ordinance; and

3. Graded Historical Buildings – these are historical buildings and

structures recorded by AMO according to the grading system

summarised in Table 2.2a.


5

Table 2.2a AMO’s Grading of Historical Buildings

Grade Description

1 Buildings of outstanding merit; every effort should be made to preserve

these structures if possible.

2 Buildings of special merit; effort should be made to selectively preserve

these structures.

3 Buildings of some merit, but which have yet to qualify for consideration as

possible monuments. These are to be recorded and used as a pool for

future selection.

It should be noted that the definitions of gradings are internal guidelines

adopted by the Antiquities Advisory Board and the AMO for the preservation

of historic buildings but have no statutory standing. Although there are no

statutory provisions for the protection of recorded archaeological sites and

historical buildings and features (including Deemed, Graded and recorded),

administrative procedures are available. Any development proposal

affecting these built heritage resources should be submitted to the AMO for

comments.

4. Other Features with potential Cultural Heritage Value – Features as

defined in Section 1.3.1 (pre 1950s buildings and structures, post 1950s

buildings and structures of high architectural/historical significance,

other cultural and landscape features) excluding Items 1 to 3 above.

2.3 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

2.3.1 Declared Monuments, Deemed Monuments and Graded Historical Buildings

No Declared Monuments or Deemed Monuments were identified within the

Study Area. Ten Graded Historical Buildings were identified and are listed

in Table 2.3a and shown on Figure 2.3a.

Table 2.3a Graded Historical Buildings Identified within the Study Area

Features

Code

Identified Historical Buildings

and Features

Sub-Area Location Grade(1)

ST01 Hip Tin Temple STK Shan Tsui Tsuen 1

STK02 Maclntosh Fort (Pak Kung Au) STK Pak Kung Au, 2

TKLE01 Maclntosh Fort (Kong Shan) TKLE Kong Shan 2

TKLE02 Maclntosh Fort (Pak Fu Shan) TKLE Pak Fu Shan, 2

TKLE03 Ta Kwu Ling Police Station TKLE Ping Che Road 3

TKLW01 Maclntosh Fort (Nga Yiu) TKLW Nga Yiu 2

TKLW02 Maclntosh Fort (Nam Hang) TKLW Nam Hang 2

LMH01 Residence of Ip Ting-sz TKLE Lin Ma Hang

Tsuen

2

MTL01 Maclntosh Fort (Ma Tso Lung) LMC Ma Tso Lung 2

MTL02 Lok Ma Chau Police Station LMC Lok Ma Chau 3

(1) See Table 2.2a for Grading Definitions.

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ST01 Hip Tin TempleST01 Hip Tin TempleST01 Hip Tin TempleST01 Hip Tin TempleLMH01 Residence of Yip Ting-siLMH01 Residence of Yip Ting-siLMH01 Residence of Yip Ting-siLMH01 Residence of Yip Ting-si

TKLW01 MacIntosh Fort (Nga Yiu)TKLW01 MacIntosh Fort (Nga Yiu)TKLW01 MacIntosh Fort (Nga Yiu)TKLW01 MacIntosh Fort (Nga Yiu)

MTL02 Lok Ma Chau Police StationMTL02 Lok Ma Chau Police StationMTL02 Lok Ma Chau Police StationMTL02 Lok Ma Chau Police Station

TKLW02 MacIntosh Fort (Nam Hang)TKLW02 MacIntosh Fort (Nam Hang)TKLW02 MacIntosh Fort (Nam Hang)TKLW02 MacIntosh Fort (Nam Hang)

TKLE03 Ta Kwu Ling Police StationTKLE03 Ta Kwu Ling Police StationTKLE03 Ta Kwu Ling Police StationTKLE03 Ta Kwu Ling Police Station

TKLE01 MacIntosh Fort (Kong Shan)TKLE01 MacIntosh Fort (Kong Shan)TKLE01 MacIntosh Fort (Kong Shan)TKLE01 MacIntosh Fort (Kong Shan)

MTL01 MacIntosh Fort (Ma Tso Lung)MTL01 MacIntosh Fort (Ma Tso Lung)MTL01 MacIntosh Fort (Ma Tso Lung)MTL01 MacIntosh Fort (Ma Tso Lung)

STK02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Kung Au)STK02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Kung Au)STK02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Kung Au)STK02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Kung Au)

TKLE02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Fu Shan)TKLE02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Fu Shan)TKLE02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Fu Shan)TKLE02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Fu Shan)

Environmental

Resources

Management

Figure 2.3a

File: 0066834_Grade_Building.mxdDate: 06/08/2007

Graded Historical Buildings within the Study Area

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DDDD

AAAA

CCCC

KEYKEYKEYKEY

Study AreaStudy AreaStudy AreaStudy Area

A

B

C

D

!( Grade I Historical Building

�) Grade II Historical Building

#* Grade III Historical Building0 21

Kilometers

BBBB


6

Eight of the ten Graded Historical Buildings identified are either police or

military buildings. The military buildings include six forts (STK02, TKLE01,

TKLE02, TKLW02, TKLW03 and MTL01) constructed between 1949 and

1953(1). These were built on prominent hilltops by the southern part of the

Shenzhen River and served as observation posts to overlook the border

between Hong Kong and mainland China (2).

All the forts face the Shenzhen River, are two storeys high and are constructed

in a similar style: with a rounded central portion and two side wings on the

ground floor. One wing was generally used for sleeping quarters for up to

eight people and the other for cooking. Each has a store room. The ground

floor of the central area served as a communication or command room and the

second floor as an observation tower. Both floors are constructed with

ramparts and gun-slot iron openings. Double iron doors are located at the

entrance.

The two police stations (TKLW01 and MTL02) were constructed in the early

20th century by the colonial government. Both are located on hill tops to

better enable them to observe incursions over the border in the years after the

1911 Revolution led by Sun Yat-sen.

The two other graded buildings are the Hip Tin Temple (ST01) at Shan Tsui

village and the Residence of Ip Ting-sz (LMH01) in Lin Ma Hang village.

2.3.2 Other Features with Potential Cultural Heritage Value in Village Areas

In addition to the above-mentioned Graded Historical Buildings, Table 2.3b

presents a summary of other features with potential cultural heritage value

identified in village areas of the Study Area. Their locations are shown in

Figures 2.3b to 2.3e. These features are categorized into two main groups,

comprising historical buildings and structures (pre-1950/post-1950) and

cultural landscape features, which are sub-divided into different types by

their function. Historical buildings and structures include ancestral halls,

temples, schools/study halls, residential houses, storage houses, shop houses

and watch towers. Cultural landscape features include Fungshui features,

entrance gates, earth shrines, kilns, bridges, a cannon, boundary stones, clan

graves /graveyards and old wells.

Table 2.3b presents details of the features identified in each village area by

village/place location and function.

(1) Hong Kong Police Magazine. December 1953: 18.

(2) Ibid.

!(

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Kong Ha

Shan Tsui

Sheung Tam Shui Hang

Ha Tam Shui Hang

Tsiu Hang

Muk Min Tau

San Tsuen

San Tsuen (Ha Wai)

Tong To

Tong To Ping Tsuen

San Lau Street

Chung Ying Street

Yuen Tuen ShanRobin's Nest(Hung Fa Leng)

Hung Fa Chai

SHENZHEN

ST01 Hip Tin TempleST01 Hip Tin TempleST01 Hip Tin TempleST01 Hip Tin Temple

STK02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Kung Au)STK02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Kung Au)STK02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Kung Au)STK02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Kung Au)

Environmental

Resources

ManagementFeatures with or with Potential Cultural Heritage Value Identified in Study Area A

Figure 2.3b

File: 0066834_Sha_Tau_Kok.mxdDate: 13/05/2008

´0 400200

Meters

KeyKeyKeyKey

Historical Building and Feature

Stream

!( Grade I Historical Building


!( !(

Lin Ma Hang

Heung Yuen Wai

Ha Heung Yuen

Tsung Yuen Ha

Kan Tau Wai

Tong Fong

ChukChukChukChukYuenYuenYuenYuen

Kaw LiuKaw LiuKaw LiuKaw Liu

Pin

g C

he R

oad

Lin Ma Hang Road

Nga Yiu HaNga Yiu HaNga Yiu HaNga Yiu Ha

San Kwai Tin

Kong Yiu

Wong Mau Hang Shan

SHENZHEN

Robin's Nest(Hung Fa Leng)

LMH01 Residence of Yip Ting-siLMH01 Residence of Yip Ting-siLMH01 Residence of Yip Ting-siLMH01 Residence of Yip Ting-si


TKLE01 MacIntosh Fort (Kong Shan)TKLE01 MacIntosh Fort (Kong Shan)TKLE01 MacIntosh Fort (Kong Shan)TKLE01 MacIntosh Fort (Kong Shan)

TKLE02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Fu Shan)TKLE02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Fu Shan)TKLE02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Fu Shan)TKLE02 MacIntosh Fort (Pak Fu Shan)

Environmental

Resources

ManagementFeatures with or with Potential Cultural Heritage Value Identified in Study Area B

Figure 2.3c

File: 0066834_Ta_Kwu_Ling_East.mxdDate: 13/05/2008

´0 400 800200

Meters

KeyKeyKeyKey

!( Potential Mining Cave Location

Area Possible to Contain Features with Potential Cultural Heritage Value


Stream


#* Grade III Historical Building

Village without Features with Cultural Heritage ValueChukChukChukChukYuenYuenYuenYuen

Muk Wu Nga Yiu

Muk Wu

Chow Tin

Fung Wong Wu

Lei UkSan Uk Ling

Sha LingLo Wu

SHENZHEN

PingYuenRiver

LoShueLing

TKLW01 MacIntosh Fort (Nga Yiu)TKLW01 MacIntosh Fort (Nga Yiu)TKLW01 MacIntosh Fort (Nga Yiu)TKLW01 MacIntosh Fort (Nga Yiu)

TKLW02 MacIntosh Fort (Nam Hang)TKLW02 MacIntosh Fort (Nam Hang)TKLW02 MacIntosh Fort (Nam Hang)TKLW02 MacIntosh Fort (Nam Hang)


Environmental

Resources

ManagementFeatures with or with Potential Cultural Heritage Value Identified in Study Area C

Figure 2.3d

File: 0066834_Ta_Kwu_Ling_West.mxdDate: 11/09/2007

San Uk Ling

´0 200 400100

Meters

KeyKeyKeyKey


Stream



�)

#*

Liu Pok

Lok Ma Chau

Shun YeeShun YeeShun YeeShun YeeSan TsuenSan TsuenSan TsuenSan Tsuen

Ma Tso LungMa Tso LungMa Tso LungMa Tso LungSan TsuenSan TsuenSan TsuenSan Tsuen

Tak Yuet LauTak Yuet LauTak Yuet LauTak Yuet Lau

Ha Wan TsuenHa Wan TsuenHa Wan TsuenHa Wan Tsuen Tai Law Hau

TAI SHEK MO

MTL02 Lok Ma Chau Police StationMTL02 Lok Ma Chau Police StationMTL02 Lok Ma Chau Police StationMTL02 Lok Ma Chau Police Station

MTL01 MacIntosh Fort (Ma Tso Lung)MTL01 MacIntosh Fort (Ma Tso Lung)MTL01 MacIntosh Fort (Ma Tso Lung)MTL01 MacIntosh Fort (Ma Tso Lung)

Environmental

Resources

Management

Features with or with Potential Cultural Heritage Value Identified in Study Area D

Figure 2.3e

File: 0066834_LMC_MTL.mxdDate: 13/05/2008

´0 400200

Meters

KeyKeyKeyKey


Stream



ChukChukChukChukYuenYuenYuenYuen

Village without Features with Cultural Heritage Value


7

Table 2.3b Quantity of Features with Potential Cultural Heritage Value Identified in

Village/Place Areas

Village Features with Potential Cultural Heritage Value

Historical Buildings and

Structures

Landscape Features

An

ce

str

al

Ha

ll

Te

mp

le

Stu

dy

Ha

ll /

Sch

oo

l

Re

sid

en

tia

l H

ou

se

Sto

rag

e H

ou

se

Wa

tch

To

we

S

ho

p H

ou

se

Fu

ng

shu

i F

ea

ture

En

tra

nce

Ga

te

Ea

rth

Sh

rin

e

Kil

n

B

ou

nd

ary

Sto

ne

s

Bri

dg

e

We

ll

C

an

no

n

Cla

n G

rav

e/G

rav

ey

ard

Study Area A 2 1 7

Kong Ha 1 6

Shan Tsui (a) 3 15 2 1 1

Sheung Tam Shui Hang 2 1 7 2 1

Ha Tam Shui Hang 3 14 1 1

Tsiu Hang 2

Muk Min Tau 4 1

San Tsuen Sheung Wai 2 3 1 2

San Tsuen Ha Wai 7

Tong To/Tong To Ping 7 2 1 1 1

Study Area B

Lin Ma Hang (b) 4 2 10 2 3 3 1 1 2

Heung Yuen Wai 1 5 1 1 1 1 2

Ha Heung Yuen 2 2

Tsung Yuen Ha 2 1 6 1 1 1 1 1

Kan Tau Wai 1 7 1

Tong Fong 1 4

Study Area C 1

Chow Tin 1 1 2 15 1 1 1

Fung Wong Wu 2 9 1

Lei Uk (c) 2 7 2

Muk Wu 1 1 21 1 1 1 1

Muk Wu Nga Yiu 1 1 3

San Uk Ling 1 3 1

Sha Ling 1 1 1

Study Area D

Liu Pok 1 15 2 1 2

Lok Ma Cahu 1 6 1

Total 27 10 5 176 9 2 1 13 6 14 3 7 3 8 1 7

Notes:

(a) A temple is located in this village which is a graded historical building as presented in Table

4.3a. Thus it is not counted in this Table.

(b) A residential house is located is located in this village which is a graded historical building as

presented in Table 4.3a. Thus it is not counted in this Table.

(c) LU02 in Lei Uk comprises two buildings, one used as residential house and one used as

ancestral hall. Thus, LU02 has been counted under “Residential House” and “Ancestral

Hall”.


8

Historical Buildings and Structures

Ancestral Halls, Study Halls, Temples and Residential House and Storage

House Layout

The basic layout of the Chinese buildings (ancestral halls, study halls, temples,

residential houses and storage houses) was found to be one hall and one bay

without a courtyard. Such a layout was sometimes extended by adding

additional halls, bays and courtyard to form a larger and more complex

layout. In the Study Area, identified layouts ranged from one to three halls

and one to three bays. Occasionally, more bays were found where the

buildings shared their gable walls to form a long row of houses. For

buildings with more than one hall, the halls were typically found to be

separated by an open courtyard.

A range of construction materials were found to have been used for these

buildings. Granite blocks or stone as building foundations, on top of which

were placed grey brick or rammed earth walls. Some grey brick built walls

were exposed whilst others and the majority of rammed earth walls were

finished with lime or cement plaster. Gable walls were load bearing

supporting the timber purlins structure roof. The roofs were generally

pitched/pointed though in many residential houses, a flat roof of

cement/concrete had often now been constructed over the front hall. Roof

laying styles were found to be either Hakka (overlapping roof tiles covering

the rafters) or Canton (overlapping roof tiles not covering the rafters) but

some individual buildings were found to use both styles. Some roof ridges

were found to be decorated with boat shapes and plaster panel features.

The building entrance openings were typically found to be placed in the

middle of the façade. The frames were generally timber, granite or brick.

Many of the buildings façade wall friezes were decorated with plaster

features, paintings or calligraphy or a mixture of these and crafted wooden

panels with decoration features can be found in some building eave ends.

Window openings if located on the façade were generally found to be

symmetrically placed beside or above the door. Original windows were

granite framed with iron bars, or in some places, timber framed windows

were noted. Windows were found on the front, side walls and rear walls of

the buildings. In some of the buildings, gun slot openings were constructed

in the walls.

Most of the Chinese buildings identified in the Study Area were one or two

storeys high and of a terraced style, where one house shares a gable wall with

the house next to it. Walled layouts were also commonly found. A typical

walled village in this area was found to be symmetrical with rows of houses

being enclosed by grey brick walls and entrance gates and temples or earth

shrines lying on the central axis.

Some buildings were found to be of mixed western and Chinese style, thought

to be a result of owners working overseas in the early 20th century and

bringing back western style architecture. These buildings were typically two


9

storeys high and had western-style arches, windows and balconies but

Chinese (pitched) roofs. The gable walls were generally load bearing and

were constructed with either reinforced concrete, grey bricks or both

materials.

Watch Towers

According to oral history, watch towers were constructed as a result of battles

between villages. In the late 19th to early 20th centuries, the village Wong Pui

Ling located north to the Shenzhen River was very strong and tried to control

nearby weaker villages south of the Shenzhen River. Village battles were

common during the period and watch towers were built for defence.

Local watch towers were found to be three to six storeys high and were built

in a prominent location within villages allowing them to overlook

surrounding areas and act as observation posts. Typically, the towers are

square in shape and constructed of grey brick with timber floors. Walls have

gun-slot openings and towers have one entrance with a secured iron door.

Cultural Landscape and Features

Nine kinds of cultural landscape features were identified within the Study

Area, including Fungshui features, earth shrines, entrance gates, bridges, kilns,

wells, boundary stones, a cannon and clan graves/graveyards.

Fungshui features usually comprise Fungshui hills, woodlands or trees.

Fungshui woodlands or hills are usually located on the hill slopes behind the

villages. The hill behind a village is usually regarded as “the mountain that

the village depends on”. Thus, villagers would consider any earth work at

their Fungshui hill/woodland as affecting the whole village. Old trees in

village areas would also considered to have Fungshui value to villagers that

should not be cut without agreement with the villagers.

Earth shrines are commonly found in the villages and they are usually of an

armchair shape and constructed with grey bricks. Earth shrines are known

as Fuk Tak (福德) by local people. In some villages, temples have been built

to serve the earth god.

A total of six entrance gates were identified in the villages, typically the

walled villages. Entrance gates are usually located on the central axis in the

front of the walled village.

Three bridges with cultural heritage value were identified and they are

located in Lin Ma Hang village, Tong To Ping village and adjacent to Lo Wu

Station, respectively.

Eight old wells were identified within the Study Area. They were used to

provide local people with a water supply and are mostly abandoned.


10

Two areas with three abandoned kiln features were identified in Muk Wu Nga

Yiu village. These brick and tile production kilns are round in shape. All of

them have been abandoned.

Seven clan graves were identified in Sha Ling, Lin Ma Hang, Chow Tin, Tsung

Yuen Ha, and Heung Yuen Wai.

A cannon was identified in Tsung Yuen Ha. It used to be placed in a stone

house; however, it is now placed on top of a building structure in front of the

village.


11

3 CONCLUSIONS

The objective of this Assignment was to undertake a survey of features with or

with potential cultural heritage value in Sha Tau Kok, Ta Kwu Ling and Ma

Tso Lung Areas. Specifically to:

• aggregate available information and fill in gaps to help improve the

understanding of the cultural heritage resources in the Study Area; and

• compile a comprehensive inventory of features with or with potential

cultural heritage value in the Study Area.

The survey serves as the basis for future reference and makes no assessment of

the relative value of individual identified features.

Field scanning identified no features with cultural heritage value in Chuk Yen,

Kaw Liu, Nga Yiu Ha, Tak Yuet Lau, Ma Tso Lung San Tsuen, Shun Yee San

Tsuen and Ha Wan Tsuen. Features with potential cultural heritage value

were identified in San Kwai Tin. However, due to reasons of safety and

accessibility reason, access to the area was not practicable. If future studies

could be provided with safe access to this area, a detail survey should be

undertaken.

Table 3.1a summarises features with or with potential cultural heritage value

identified across the four areas. This includes ten Graded Historical

Buildings, of which six are forts and two are police stations (located outside

the village areas). The remaining two are the Hip Tin Temple at Shan Tsui

village and the Residence of Ip Ting-sz in Lin Ma Hang.

Other features with potential cultural heritage value identified are mostly

located within 21 villages (Kong Ha, Shan Tsui, Tam Shui Hang, Tsiu Hang,

Muk Min Tau, San Tsuen, Tong To, Lin Ma Hang, Heung Yuen, Tsung Yuen

Ha, Kan Tau Wai, Tong Fong, Muk Wu Nga Yiu, Muk Wu, San Uk Ling, Lei

Uk, Chow Tin, Fung Wong Wu, Liu Pok and Lo Ma Chau villages) comprising

27 ancestral halls, seven temples, five study halls/schools, 176 residential

houses, nine storage houses, two watch towers and 13 Fungshui features, six

entrance gates, 13 earth shrines, three kilns, two bridges, one cannon and six

clan graves/graveyards and eight wells.

In addition, a row of shop houses at San Lau Street, seven boundary stones at

Chung Ying Street and two temples at Chun Lung Street in Sha Tau Kok; a

temple, an earth shrine and a clan grave located by Man Kam Road near Sha

Ling and a bridge located adjacent to Lo Wu Station were identified outside

the village areas.


12

Table 3.1a Quantity of Features with or with Potential Cultural Heritage Value Identified in the Study Area

Village/Place Features with

Cultural Heritage

Value

Features with Potential Cultural Heritage Value

Graded Historical

Buildings

Historical Buildings and Structures Cultural Landscape Features

Gra

de

1

Gra

de

2

Gra

de

3

An

ce

str

al

Ha

ll

Te

mp

le

Stu

dy

Ha

ll /

Sch

oo

l

Re

sid

en

tia

l H

ou

se

Sto

rag

e H

ou

se

W

atc

h T

ow

er

S

ho

p H

ou

se

Fu

ng

shu

i F

ea

ture

En

tra

nce

Ga

te

Ea

rth

Sh

rin

e

Kil

n

Bri

dg

e

Ca

nn

on

W

ell

Cla

n G

rav

e/Y

ard

B

ou

nd

ary

Sto

ne

T

ota

l

Study Area A 1 2 1 7 11

Kong Ha 1 6 7

Shan Tsui 1 3 15 2 1 1 23

Sheung Tam Shui Hang 2 1 7 2 1 13

Ha Tam Shui Hang 3 14 1 1 19

Tsiu Hang 2 2

Muk Min Tau 4 1 5

San Tsuen Sheung Wai 2 3 1 2 8

San Tsuen Ha Wai 7 7

Tong To/Tong To Ping 7 2 1 1 1 12

Study Area B 2 1 3

Lin Ma Hang 1 4 2 10 2 3 3 1 1 2 29

Heung Yuen Wai 1 5 1 1 1 1 2 12

Ha Heung Yuen 2 2 4

Tsung Yuen Ha 2 1 6 1 1 1 1 1 14

Kan Tau Wai 1 7 1 9


13

Village/Place Features with

Cultural Heritage

Value

Features with Potential Cultural Heritage Value

Graded Historical

Buildings

Historical Buildings and Structures Cultural Landscape Features

Gra

de

1

Gra

de

2

Gra

de

3

An

ce

str

al

Ha

ll

Te

mp

le

Stu

dy

Ha

ll /

Sch

oo

l

Re

sid

en

tia

l H

ou

se

Sto

rag

e H

ou

se

W

atc

h T

ow

er

S

ho

p H

ou

se

Fu

ng

shu

i F

ea

ture

En

tra

nce

Ga

te

Ea

rth

Sh

rin

e

Kil

n

Bri

dg

e

Ca

nn

on

W

ell

Cla

n G

rav

e/Y

ard

B

ou

nd

ary

Sto

ne

T

ota

l

Tong Fong 1 4 5

Study Area C 2 1 3

Chow Tin 1 1 2 15 1 1 1 22

Fung Wong Wu 2 9 1 12

Lei Uk 2 7 2 11

Muk Wu 1 1 21 1 1 1 1 27

Muk Wu Nga Yiu 1 1 3 5

San Uk Ling 1 3 1 5

Sha Ling 1 1 1 3

Study Area D 1 1 2

Liu Pok 1 15 2 1 2 21

Lok Ma Cahu 1 6 1 8

Total 1 7 2 27 10 5 176 9 2 1 13 6 14 3 3 1 8 7 7 302

Note:

The objective of the survey was to compile the cultural heritage inventory within the Study Area to fill in gaps of existing information. The survey serves as the basis for future reference and makes no

assessment of the relative value of individual identified features.

Documents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY TECHNICAL PROPOSAL · ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PLANNING DEPARTMENT 1 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND The Planning Department commissioned ERM - Hong Kong,