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Executive Summary
At present the structure of business
trade, services and industrial activity, has
changed dramatically. There are new kind of
business in the economy, including the small
scale industries and home industry which has a
role in the economic growth of the country as
a whole increased. Therefore, statistical data
on basic information of the business is
important and necessary for the public and
private sector in policy formulation and
development planning of economic and
industry in both the national and provincial
level, to increase competitiveness in the global
trade arena. The National Statistical Office (NSO)
proposed by the key government agencies,
including the Office of Industry Economics, the
Ministry of Industry, Office of the National
Economic and Social Development Board, Bank
of Thailand and the Ministry of Commerce, to
conduct the Industrial Census every 5 years,
there for, the basic information obtained by
the census can be used for both government
and private sectors in various aspects.
The NSO had carried The Business
trade and Services Census for 3 times, in 1966
and 1988 and 2002.The Industrial Census had
been conducted 3 times as well, in 1964 and
1997, in 2007. For the year 2012 will mature
around 10 years for conducting the Census of
Business trade and Services and 5 years for
conducting the Census of Industrial. The NSO
had integrated of such a census named “The
2012 Business trade and Industrial Census”.
The data presents in this report was
the results of the 2012 Business and Industrial
Census: Manufacturing Industry. The statistical
methodology using for the establishments with
1 – 10 persons engaged were a sample survey
and for the establishment with 11 persons
engaged and over were completely
enumerated. The enumeration stage, field work
was conducted during May 1 to August 30,
2011. The data presented the operational
information of manufacturing establishment in
Vicinity in the year 2011 (January 1 –
December 31, 2011) and classified by Thailand
Standard Industrial Classifications (TSIC-2009).
The main findings are as follows:
Number of establishments by division of
industry
The results of the 2012 Business and
Industrial Census, there were totally 24,997
manufacturing establishments in the Vicinity.
The highlight industries of this region were
manufacture of fabricated metal products
(excepts machinery and equipment) and
manufacture of wearing apparels, which had the
proportion, of about 20.7 and 17.1 percent
respectively. The followings were manufacture of
food, beverages and tobacco products (about
13.0 percent), manufacture of textiles and
manufacture of rubber and plastic products,
were very close proportion of about 5.7 percent.
The other divisions of industry, not mentioned
above, each division had less than 4.0 percent.
Figure A Percentage of manufacturing establishments
by division of industry
Division 10-12 Manufacture of food, beverages and
tobacco products Division 13 Manufacture of textiles
Division 14 Manufacture of wearing apparels Division 20 Manufacture of chemicals and chemical
products Division 22 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products
Division 23 Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products
Division 24 Manufacture of basic metals Division 25 Manufacture of fabricated metal products (excepts machinery and equipment)
Division 31 Manufacture of furniture Division 32 Other manufacturing
Other division, i.e. 15 – 19, 21, 26 – 30, 33, 37 – 39 and 58
Size of establishment
Most of manufacturing establishments
(about 17,116 establishments or 68.5 percent) were establishments with 1 – 15 persons engaged.
The establishments with 16 persons or more
were about 7,881 or 31.5 percent. Out of these,
with 51 – 200 persons were about 2,594. Those
with 16 – 25 persons were about 1,829. For
those with 26 – 30 persons were about 698.
Figure B Number of manufacturing establishments
by size of establishment (number of
persons engaged)
1 – 15 persons 16 persons or more
Form of legal organization
Most establishments (about 51.4 percent)
were individual proprietor. The establishments,
which were in the form of company limited,
public company limited was about 39.6
percent. For those, which were juristic
partnership and had proportions (about 8.6 percent) and government, state-enterprise,
cooperatives and others (about 0.4 percent) Figure C Percentage of manufacturing
establishments by form of legal
organization
Individual proprietor Company limited, public company limited Juristic partnership Government, state-enterprise,
cooperatives and others
51.4%
39.6%
13.0%
5.7%
17.1%
3.3%
5.7%3.6%
20.7%
3.4%
3.0%
21.4%
1,829
698
1,624
2,594
1,136
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
16-25 26-30 31-50 51-200 > 200
68.5%
31.5%
3.1%
Number (establishments)
24,997 establishments
Persons
Size of establishment
24,997 establishments
0.4%
8.6%
24,997
establishments
< 10 10 – 99 > 100 Million baht
Proportion of registered capital
Form of economic organization
The manufacturing establishments in the
Vicinity (about 93.4 percent) were in form of
single unit. About 3.7 percent was an office
branch or subsidiary and about 2.9 percent was
head office.
Figure D Percentage of manufacturing
establishments by form of economic
organization
Period of operation
Most of the establishments (about 32.9
percent) have operated their business for 10 – 19
years. The establishments operated their
business for 5 – 9 years and less than 5 years
were about 26.4 and 21.4 percent respectively.
The establishments operated their business for
20 – 29 years was about 13.6 percent. While
the establishments operated their business for
30 years or more had the lowest proportion of
about 5.7 percent of the total.
Figure E Percentage of manufacturing establishments
by period of operation
Registered capital
The number of manufacturing
establishments in the Vicinity with registered
were about 44.7 percent of the total. Out of
these, most of them (about 68.0 percent) had
less than 10 million baht of registered capital.
Those with 10 – 99 million baht of registered
were about 23.9 percent. The establishment
with 100 million baht of registered and over
was only 8.1 percent.
Figure F Percentage of manufacturing
establishments by registered capital
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%93.4
2.9 3.7
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
< 5 ป 5 - 9 ป 10 -19 ป 20 -29 ป > 30 ป
21.4
26.4
32.9
13.6
5.7
Yes44.7%
No55.3%
68.0
23.9
8.1
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Single unit head office branch
< 5 year 5 – 9 year 10 – 19 year 20 – 29 year > 30 year
Form of economic organization
Period
24,997 establishments
Foreign investment or share holding
For the foreign investment share
holding in the Vicinity, about 96.0 percent of
the corporate establishment (company limited
and public company limited) had no foreign
investment or share holding. For the
establishments with foreign share holding
about 4.0 percent did. Out of these, about 71.3
percent was between 10 - 50% of share
holding and about 24.0 percent was over 50%
of share holding. Those with less than 10% of
share holding was 4.7 percent.
Figure G Percentage of manufacturing
establishments by foreign investment or
share holding
Export
There were 6.7 percent of manufacturing
establishments, which exported their goods
produced. Out of these, about 36.5 percent,
exported over 50% of the total sales of goods.
About 32.2 percent of establishments exported
between 20 - 49%. The rest of about 31.3
percent exported less than 20%.
Figure H Percentage of manufacturing
establishments by export
Capacity utilization rate
The average capacity utilization rate in
2011 of manufacturing establishments was
about 76.2%. The majority of manufacturing
establishments (about 56.0 percent) had
capacity utilization rate about 80% or more.
The establishment with the capacity utilization
rate between 50 – 79% was about 37.7 percent.
While those with capacity utilization rate less
than 50% was about 6.3 percent.
Figure I Percentage of manufacturing establishments by
capacity utilization rate
71.3
24.0
4.7 < 10%
10 - 50%
> 50%
6.3%
37.7%56.0%
Less than 50% 50 - 79% 80% or more
31.3 32
.2 36.5
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
< 20% 20–49 % >50%
24,997 establishments
Yes 6.7%
No 93.3%
Proportion of exported
No 96.0%
24,997 แหง
Yes 4.0%
Foreign investment or share holding
24,997 establishments
Capacity Utilization Refers to the proportion of production and capacity
Number of persons engaged and employees
In 2011 the workers of the manufacturing
establishments in the Vicinity were totally 1.17
million persons. In term of employees, there
were totally 1.15 million persons. Most of
them about 21.0 percent worked in
manufacture of food, beverages and tobacco
products. Followed by those worked in
manufacture of rubber and plastic products
and manufacture of fabricated metal products
(excepts machinery and equipment) were
about 9.9 and 9.2 percent respectively. The other
division of industry not mentioned above, each
division had less than 9.0 percent.
Figure J Number of persons engaged and
employees of manufacturing
establishments by division of industry
Note : Persons engaged refer to owner or juristic partnerships
unpaid worker and employees.
Division of industry:
Division 10-12 Manufacture of food , beverages and tobacco products
Division 13 Manufacture of textiles
Division 19 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products
Division 20 Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products
Division 22 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products
Division 25 Manufacture of fabricated metal products (excepts
machinery and equipment)
Division 26 Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products
Division 27 Manufacture of electrical equipment
Division 29 Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers
Other division, i.e. 14 – 18, 21, 23 – 24, 28, 30 – 33, 37 – 39 and 58
Remuneration
In 2011 the employees working in
manufacturing establishments in the Vicinity
received the total remuneration about 156,967.2
million baht or 136,567 baht per person annually.
The employees engaged in manufacture of coke
and refined petroleum products received the
highest annual remuneration, of about 170,060
baht per person. Those employees engaged in
Sewerage, waste collection, treatment and
disposal activities; materials recovery and
remediation activities and other waste
management services received the lowest
annual remuneration, of about 99,861 baht per
persons.
Figure K Remuneration of manufacturing
establishments by division of industry
Division of industry:
Division 10-12 Manufacture of food , beverages and tobacco products
Division 13 Manufacture of textiles
Division 19 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products Division 20 Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products
Division 22 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products
Division 25 Manufacture of fabricated metal products (excepts machinery and equipment)
Division 26 Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products Division 27 Manufacture of electrical equipment Division 29 Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers
Other division, i.e. 14 – 18, 21, 23 – 24, 28, 30 – 33, 37 – 39 and 58
020,00040,00060,00080,000
100,000120,000140,000160,000180,000200,000220,000240,000260,000280,000300,000320,000340,000360,000
10-12 13 19 20 22 25 26 27 29 Others
244,
170
95,6
09
3,89
0
59,9
53
114,
416
109,
473
76,9
14
50,5
93
62,8
97
351,
927
240,
742
94,5
09
3,88
6
59,7
71
113,
930
105,
125
76,8
75
50,4
61
62,4
66
341,
613Persons engaged employees
30,549.3
11,157.2
660.
8
8,94
6.8
15,3
14.9
14,5
78.0
12,626.0
7,515.0
10,0
47.7 45
,548
.9
126,966
118,054
170,060
149,685134,424
138,673
164,241
148,927
160,850
133,335
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
10-12 13 19 20 22 25 26 27 29 Othres
Remuneration Average remuneration
persons
Division
Million baht Baht/person/year
Division
605,558.8
125,
529.
4
215,
085.
7
221,
649.
4
180,
911.
5
169,
626.
2
365,
358.
4
149,
449.
8
233,
005.
9
488,530.7
139,
001.
7
31,8
44.6
47,1
93.1
48,1
04.2
36,5
38.6
48,2
31.9
92,4
03.3
41,2
26.4
59,2
94.3
119,
674.
0
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
10-12 13 20 22 24 25 26 27 29 Others
Value of gross output Value added
Value of gross output, intermediate
consumption and value added
In 2011, the value of gross output of
manufacturing establishments was totally 2.8
trillion baht. The intermediate consumption
and value added were totally 2.1 trillion baht
and 663,598.2 million baht respectively.
Comparing the value added to value of gross
output was about 24.1 percent.
For the average value of gross output
were about 110.2 million baht per establishment
and 2.4 million baht per person. In terms of the
average value added, these were about 26.5
million baht per establishment and 567,254
baht per person respectively.
Considering by division of industry, it
was found that establishments engaged in
manufacture of computer, electronic and
optical products had the highest average value
of gross output per establishment about
1,217.9 million baht and average value of
gross output per person about 4.8 million baht.
For the establishments engaged in
manufacture of computer, electronic and
optical products had the highest average value
added per establishment and per person had
about 308.0 million baht and 1.2 million baht
respectively. The following engaged in
manufacture of electrical equipment had
average value of gross output, and value
added per person, of about 98.2 million baht
and 814,864 baht respectively.
Figure L Value of gross output and value added of
manufacturing establishments by division
of industry
Value added = Value of gross output – Intermediate consumption
Value of gross output refers to receipts of establishment in 2006
Intermediate consumption refers to all expenses on the production
process of goods or services in the establishment in 2011
Division of industry:
Division 10-12 Manufacture of food , beverages and tobacco products
Division 13 Manufacture of textiles
Division 20 Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products
Division 22 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products
Division 24 Manufacture of basic metals
Division 25 Manufacture of fabricated metal products (excepts
machinery and equipment)
Division 26 Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products
Division 27 Manufacture of electrical equipment
Division 29 Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers
Other division, i.e. 14 – 19, 21, 23, 28, 30 – 33, 37 – 39 and 58
Data comparison of manufacturing
establishments during 5 years
Comparing the data of the 2012
Business and Industrial Census and the 2007
Industrial Census, which the operation period
was of the year in 2011 and 2006, the results
showed that number of manufacturing
establishment decreased by 3.8 percent and
Division
Million baht
number of persons engaged decreased by 5.8
percent, while the average number of person
engaged per establishment decreased by 1.9
percent.
In terms of employment, number of
employees and average number of employees
per establishment decreased about 5.2 and 1.5 percent respectively and the annual remuneration
during 5 year increased by 9.4 percent.
For the value of gross output,
intermediate consumption and value added of
manufacturing establishments during 5 year
increased by 14.0, 15.1 and 10.7 percent respectively.
The performance of establishments in
the Vicinity during 5 years ago has gradually
grown due to the world economy slowed
down and flood crisis.
Table A Principal data of manufacturing establishments in year 2006 and 2011
Data items 2006 2011 % Change
Number of establishments (Establishments) 25,995 24,997 -3.8
Number of persons engaged (Persons)
Average establishment (Persons) 1,241,219
47.7
1,169,843
46.8
-5.8
-1.9
Number of employees (Persons)
Average establishment (Persons) 1,212,904
46.7
1,149,377
46.0
-5.2
-1.5
Remuneration (Million baht)
Average annual per employee (Baht) 143,462.2
118,279.9
156,967.2
136,567
9.4
15.5
Value of gross output (Million baht)
Average per establishment (Thousand baht)
Average per person (Thousand baht)
2,415,822.9
92,934.1
1,946.3
2,755,009.2
110,213.6
2,355.0
14.0
18.6
21.0
Intermediate consumption (Million baht)
Average per establishment (Thousand baht)
Average per person (Thousand baht)
1,816,616.4
69,883.3
1,463.6
2,091,411.0
83,666.5
1,787.8
15.1
19.7
22.2
Value added (Million baht)
Average per establishment (Thousand baht)
Average per person (Thousand baht)
599,206.5
23,050.8
482.8
663,598.2
26,547.1
567.3
10.7
15.2
17.5
Data summary and recommendation
The results of the 2012 Business and
Industrial Census show that there were totally
24,997 manufacturing establishments in the
Vicinity. Most of them engaged in
establishments with 1 – 15 persons, of about
68.5 percent. The highlight industry was
manufacture of fabricated metal products
(excepts machinery and equipment) (about
20.7 percent). There were totally 1.17 million
persons and out of these, about 1.15 million
persons were employees. They received the
48.544.9
32.9 30.7
22.5
7.8
0%
20%
40%
60%
1 2 3 4 5 659.7
45.6 43.838.2
30.7
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
1 2 3 4 5
annual remuneration, of about 136,567 baht
per person. The manufacturing establishments
contributed value of gross output, intermediate
consumption and value added of about 2.8,
2.1 trillion baht and 663,598.2 million baht
respectively.
Governments measurement needed
For the manufacturing establishments
in the Vicinity did not need government
measurement about 51.5 percent, the rest of
about 48.5 percent did. The top 5
measurements needed are reducing
production cost (about 59.7 percent), reducing
taxes or waiving imported tax (about 45.6
percent), providing the low interest of loan
(about 43.8 percent), investment promotion for
the establishments (about 38.2 percent) and
increasing the credit facility (about 30.7 percent). Figure M Percentage of manufacturing
establishments by government
measurement needed the top 5
Note: The establishment can be done by more than 1
Government measurement needed: 1. Reduce production cost 2. Reduce taxes or exclude 3. Find out the low interest of loan
4. Investment promotion to operators
5. Increase in the facility
Problem with operation
The establishment, about 42.8
percent reported the problem their operation.
Most of them about 48.5 percent labor
shortage. The followings were inadequate
capital, product marketing and raw material
shortages used in the production were about
44.9, 32.9 and 30.7 percent respectively. While
the uncertainty of government trade policy
was about 22.5 percent.
Figure N Percentage of manufacturing
establishments by problem with
operation
Note: The establishment can be done by more than 1
Problem with operation:
1. Labor shortage
2. Inadequate capital
3. Product marketing
4. Raw material shortages used in the production
5. Uncertainty of government trade policy
6. Other
No51.5%
Yes48.5%
No57.2%
Yes42.8%
Government measurement needed
Problem with operation
24,997 establishments
24,997 establishments
