Executive Summary

Europeans Explore AfricaEuropean MotivesThe Scramble for ColoniesAfrican ResistanceStruggle for Southern Africa

Europeans Explore AfricaA. Europeans Explore Africa

1. To the Europeans, Africa was known as the “Dark Continent”

2. Explorers began by searching for the sources of major river systems

3. David Livingstone a. British missionary & explorerb. Discovered huge falls on the

Zambezi River and named them Victoria Falls

Mungo Park

European MotivesB. European Motives

1. Economic motives: palm oil for soaps, cotton for textiles, rubber, ivory, hardwoods, gold, et cetera

2. Political motives: claim lands in order to prevent other countries from controlling the raw materials

3. Religious motives: Livingstone worked to end slave trade, improve health care, set up schools, and spread Christian gospel

The Scramble for ColoniesC. The Scramble for Colonies

1. Technologya. Medical knowledge of malaria and

yellow fever allowed Europeans to expand into Africa more safely

b. Europeans invented Maxim gun2. French company completed the Suez

Canal in 1869

The Scramble for ColoniesC. The Scramble for Colonies continued

3. Berlin Conferencea. 14 European countriesb. Met in Berlin, Germany in 1884c. Carved up Africad. Africans were not invited - - oops!

Europeans Explore AfricaA. Europeans Explore Africa

1. To the Europeans, Africa was known as the “Dark Continent”

2. Explorers began by searching for the sources of major river systems

3. David Livingstone a. British missionary & explorerb. Discovered huge falls on the

Zambezi River and named them Victoria Falls

European MotivesB. European Motives

1. Economic motives: palm oil for soaps, cotton for textiles, rubber, ivory, hardwoods, gold, et cetera

2. Political motives: claim lands in order to prevent other countries from controlling the raw materials

3. Religious motives: Livingstone worked to end slave trade, improve health care, set up schools, and spread Christian gospel

The Scramble for ColoniesC. The Scramble for Colonies

1. Technologya. Medical knowledge of malaria and

yellow fever allowed Europeans to expand into Africa more safely

b. Europeans invented Maxim gun2. French company completed the Suez

Canal in 18693. King Leopold II takes over Congo basin

The Scramble for ColoniesC. The Scramble for Colonies continued

4. Berlin Conferencea. 14 European countriesb. Met in Berlin, Germany in 1884c. Carved up Africad. Africans were not invited - - oops!

African ResistanceD. African Resistance

* STUDY ON YOUR OWN

Struggle for Southern AfricaE. Struggle for Southern Africa

1. Migrating peoples2. Boers3. Shaka: King of the Zulu Nation4. Diamonds and gold

a. Discoveries led to a flood of Europeans into Boer areas

b. By 1902, British defeat the Boers in the Boer War

5. Britain grants self-government to the South African colonies

* Only whites could vote