EXECUTIVE EXAMPLE

-National Hero

-set many precedents for future leaders

-developed Cabinet

-defined appointment powers

-expanded foreign affairs powers

-became legislative leader

1ST CONGRESS

-Bill of Rights ratified

10 Amendments

-passed Judiciary Act

Supreme Court

FINANCIAL DEBATE

-nation had large war debt

-Alexander Hamilton’s plan

-tariff

-pay all debts

-national bank system

-debate over power to create a national bank

-implied powers?

FINANCIAL DEBATE

-nation had large war debt

-Alexander Hamilton’s plan

-tariff

-pay all debts

-national bank system

-debate over power to create a national bank

-implied powers?

POLITICAL AFFAIRS

-British harassment of settlers in the west

-French Revolution in 1789

-British and French at war

-U.S. neutrality

-Whiskey Rebellion

-farmer’s rebellion over an excise tax on whiskey they produced

-rebellion crushed by Washington and the army before it begins

-proves the strength of the new federal gov’t

POLITICAL AFFAIRS

-Jay’s Treaty

-trade treaty with Britain

-highly unpopular b/c of the Revolution

-Pinckney’s Treaty

-trade treaty with Spain

-access to the Mississippi R.

-Treaty of Greenville

-Battle of Fallen Timbers

-Ohio Valley area

WASHINGTON’S WARNING

-served two terms but refused another

-political fighting had already begun

-Farewell Warnings

-no political parties

-no involvement in foreign affairs

FEDERALIST ERA

ADAMS

PARTIES DEVELOP

-Hamilton and Jefferson had opposing views of government

-Federalists- led by Hamilton

-supported strong Nat’l Gov’t

-NE businessmen / merchants

-Democratic-Republicans- led by Jefferson and Madison

-supported limited role of Gov’t

-southerners

-yeoman farmers

ADAMS IS ELECTED

-1796 election

Adams elected President

Jefferson elected V.P.

-They were from different political parties

-This problem fixed by 12th Amendment

XYZ AFFAIR

-Neutrality strained relations with France and Britain

-U.S sends ambassadors to France to patch relations

-bribes were demanded by the French

-US was outraged as story emerged

XYZ AFFAIR

-Political Parties oppose each other

-Federalists align with British

-Dem-Republicans align with French

-nearly leads to war

-Convention of 1800 avoids war

ALIEN & SEDITION ACTS

-Federalists passed laws to limit criticism of gov’t by those sensitive to the French (Dem-Republicans) and restrict citizenship rights

-would have limited freedom of speech and allowed deportation of unpopular aliens

ALIEN & SEDITION ACTS

-Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

-issued to declare the laws unconstitutional

-Written by Jefferson and Madison

-presented idea of nullification

ELECTION OF 1800

-Jefferson and Aaron Burr tie for President

-both are Democratic-Republicans

-Tie is eventually broken in Jefferson’s favor

-Future problems avoided with 12th Amendment

ELECTION OF 1800

-Jefferson and Aaron Burr tie for President

-both are Democratic-Republicans

-Tie is eventually broken in Jefferson’s favor

-Future problems avoided with 12th Amendment

ELECTION OF 1800

-1st peaceable transfer of political power from one party to another in modern government

-Federalists to Democratic-Republicans

-Jefferson’s philosophy brought to the White House and Democratic-Republican Congress

laissez-faire gov’t

JUDICIAL REVIEW

-Midnight Judges appointed by Adams

-Jefferson refused to recognized judges

-Marbury v. Madison

-John Marshall is Chief Justice of Supreme Court

JUDICIAL REVIEW

-case declares part of Judiciary Act unconstitutional

-Establishes principle of Judicial Review

Court can declare laws to be unconstitutional

WESTERN EXPANSION

-Louisiana Purchase (1803)

Lewis and Clark Expedition

Sacajawea

WESTERN EXPANSION

-Louisiana Purchase (1803)

Lewis and Clark Expedition

Sacajawea

WESTERN EXPANSION

-Louisiana Purchase (1803)

Lewis and Clark Expedition

Sacajawea

WESTERN EXPANSION

-Indian Conflicts

unfair treaties

Tecumseh’s League

Battle of Tippecanoe (1811-Madison’s Term)

William Henry Harrison

FOREIGN AFFAIRS

-US neutrality between Britain and France???

Needed trade with both sides

-British began impressment of sailors

FOREIGN AFFAIRS

-Jefferson gets Embargo Act passed to cut off trade with Britain. Hurts U.S. business more than Britain

-War Hawks emerge

Possibility of gaining additional lands

Revenge for British helping Indians