Excel Function List

COMPLETE LIST OF EXCEL FUNCTIONS

Name Source Type DescriptionABS Built In Maths Returns the absolute value of a number

ACCRINT Analysis ToolPak Financial

ACCRINTM Analysis ToolPak Financial

ACOS Built In Maths Returns in radians the arccosine of a number

ACOSH Built In Maths

ADDRESS Built In Lookup & Ref

AMORDEGRC Analysis ToolPak Financial

AMORLINC Analysis ToolPak Financial

AND Built In Logical Returns TRUE if all its arguments are TRUE

AREAS Built In Lookup & Ref Returns the number of areas in a reference

ASC Built In Text

ASIN Built In Maths Returns in radians the arcsine of a number

ASINH Built In Maths

ATAN Built In Maths Returns in radians the arctangent of a number

ATAN2 Built In Maths

ATANH Built In Maths

AVEDEV Built In Statistical

AVERAGE Built In Statistical

AVERAGEA Built In Statistical

BAHTTEXT Built In Text

BESSELI Analysis ToolPak Engineering

BESSELJ Analysis ToolPak Engineering

BESSELK Analysis ToolPak Engineering

Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest

Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity

Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number

Creates a cell address as text based on given row and column rumbers

Returns the depreciation for each accounting period using the French accounting system


Changes full-width (double-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to half-width (single-byte) characters

Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number

Returns in radians the arctangent from x and y coordinates

Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number

Returns the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean

Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of up to 30 numeric arguments

Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of its arguments and includes evaluation of text and logical arguments

Converts a number to Thai text and adds a suffix of "Baht"

Returns the Bessel function evaluated for purely imaginary arguments

Returns the Bessel function represented by Jn(x)

Returns the modified Bessel function represented by Kn(x)

BESSELY Analysis ToolPak Engineering

BETADIST Built In Statistical

BETAINV Built In Statistical

BIN2DEC Analysis ToolPak Engineering Converts binary number to decimal

BIN2HEX Analysis ToolPak Engineering Converts binary number to hexadecimal

BIN2OCT Analysis ToolPak Engineering Converts binary number to octal

BINOMDIST Built In Statistical

CALL Built In External

CEILING Built In Maths

CELL Built In Information

CHAR Built In Text

CHIDIST Built In Statistical

CHIINV Built In Statistical

CHITEST Built In Statistical

CHOOSE Built In Lookup & Ref

CLEAN Built In Text Removes all nonprintable characters from text

CODE Built In Text

COLUMN Built In Lookup & Ref

COLUMNS Built In Lookup & Ref

COMBIN Built In Maths

COMPLEX Analysis ToolPak Engineering

CONCATENATE Built In Text Joins several text items into one text item

CONFIDENCE Built In Statistical

Returns the Bessel / Weber / Neumann function Yn(x)

Returns the cumulative beta probability density function

Returns the inverse of the cumulative beta probability density function

Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability

Calls a procedure in a dynamic link library or code resource

Rounds a number (away from zero) to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance

Returns information about the formatting , location or contents of the cell or upper left cell of the reference

Returns the ANSI character set (Microsoft) or Macintosh character set (Macintosh) specified by the code number

Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

Returns the value from the chi-squared (γ2) distribution for the statistic and the appropriate degrees of freedom

Uses a specified index number to select one from up to 29 specified values

Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string

Returns the column number of the cell or a specified reference

Returns the number of columns in an array or reference

Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects

Converts real and imaginary coefficients into complex numbers of the form x + yi or x + yj depending upon suffix

Returns the confidence interval for a population mean

CONVERT Analysis ToolPak Engineering

CORREL Built In Statistical

COS Built In Maths

COSH Built In Maths Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number

COUNT Built In Statistical

COUNTA Built In Statistical

COUNTBLANK Built In Information

COUNTIF Built In Maths

COUPDAYBS Analysis ToolPak Financial

COUPDAYS Analysis ToolPak Financial

COUPDAYSNC Analysis ToolPak Financial

COUPNCD Analysis ToolPak Financial

COUPNUM Analysis ToolPak Financial

COUPPCD Analysis ToolPak Financial

COVAR Built In Statistical

CRITBINOM Built In Statistical

CUMIPMT Analysis ToolPak Financial

CUMPRINC Analysis ToolPak Financial

DATE Built In Date & Time

DATEDIF Analysis ToolPak Date & Time

Converts a number from one measurement system to another

Returns the correlation coefficient between two arrays of data

Returns the cosine of a given angle given in radians

Counts the number of cells that contain numbers and also numbers within the list of arguments

counts how many values are in the list of arguments

Counts the number of non-empty cells and the values within the list of arguments

Counts the number of cells that meet the criteria specified in the argument

Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlent date using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns covariance; the average of the products of deviations for each data point pair

Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value

Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods

Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods

Returns the sequential Excel date / time serial number that represents a particular date

Calculates differences between two dates in terms of specified units and assumptions

DATEVALUE Built In Date & Time

DAVERAGE Built In Database

DAY Built In Date & Time

DAYS360 Built In Date & Time

DB Built In Financial

DCOUNT Built In Database

DCOUNTA Built In Database

DDB Built In Financial

DEC2BIN Analysis ToolPak Engineering Converts a decimal number to binary

DEC2HEX Analysis ToolPak Engineering Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal

DEC2OCT Analysis ToolPak Engineering Converts a decimal number to octal

DEGREES Built In Maths Converts radians to degrees

DELTA Analysis ToolPak Engineering Test whether two values are equal

DEVSQ Built In Statistical

DGET Built In Database

DISC Analysis ToolPak Financial

DMAX Built In Database

DMIN Built In Database

DOLLAR Built In Text

DOLLARDE Analysis ToolPak Financial

DOLLARFR Analysis ToolPak Financial

DPRODUCT Built In Database

Converts a date text form to an Excel date / time serial number

Returns the average of selected list or database entries based on specified criteria

Converts an Excel date / time serial number to the day of a month

Calculates the number of days between two dates using a specified 30 day month 360 day year method

Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period, using the fixed declining balance method

Counts the cells containing numbers from a specified database that match specified criteria

Counts non blank cells from a specified database that match specified criteria criteria

Returns the deoreciation of an asset for a specified period, using the double-declining balance method of some other method that is specified

Returns the sum of the squares of the deviations from the sample mean

Extracts from a specified database a single value that matches specified criteria

Returns the discount rate for a security using the specified or default day counting basis

Extracts maximum number in a column of a list or database that matches specified conditions

Extracts minimum number in a column of a list or database that matches specified conditions

Converts a number to text, using currency format

Converts a dollar price (expressed as a fraction) into a dollar price expressed as a decimal number

Converts a dollar price (expressed as a decimal number) into a dollar price expressed as a fraction

Multiplies the values in a particular field of records that match the specified criteria in a database

DSTDEV Built In Database

DSTDEVP Built In Database

DSUM Built In Database

DURATION Analysis ToolPak Financial

DVAR Built In Database

DVARP Built In DataBase

EDATE Analysis ToolPak Date & Time

EFFECT Analysis ToolPak Financial

EOMONTH Analysis ToolPak Date & Time

ERF Analysis ToolPak Engineering

ERFC Analysis ToolPak Engineering

ERROR.TYPE Built In Information

EUROCONVERT Add-in External

EVEN Built In Maths

EXACT Built In Text

EXP Built In Maths

EXPONDIST Built In Statistical Returns the exponential distribution

Estimates standard deviation of a population based on a sample using numbers in a column of a list or database that match specified conditions

Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population using numbers in a column of a list or database that match specified conditions

Adds the numbers in the field column of records in the database that match the specified criteria

Returns the Macauley duration of a security with periodic interest payments using the specified or default day counting basis

Estimates the variance of a population based on a sample by using the numbers in a column of a list or database that match specified criteria

Calculates the variance of a population based on the entire population by using the numbers in a column of a list or database that match specified criteria

Returns the Excel date / time serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the specified number of months from the start_date

Returns the effective annual interest rate of a given nominal rate with its compounding frequency

Returns the Excel date / time serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months from start_date

Returns the error function integrated between lower_limit and upper_limit

Returns the complementary ERF function integrated between x and infinity

Returns a number corresponding to an Excel error type

Converts a number to or from Euros to or from a member currency or converts between one euro member currency to another using the Euro as an intermediary (triangulation)

Rounds a number away from zero to the nearest even integer

Checks to see whether two text values are identical

Returns e (=2.71828182845904) raised to the power of a given number

FACT Built In Maths Returns the factorial of a number

FACTDOUBLE Analysis ToolPak Maths Returns the double factorial of a number

FALSE Built In Logical Returns the logical value FALSE

FDIST Built In Statistical Returns the F probability distribution

FIND Built In Text

FINDB Built In Text

FINV Built In Statistical

FISHER Built In Statistical Returns the Fisher transformation at x

FISHERINV Built In Statistical

FIXED Built In Text

FLOOR Built In Maths

FORECAST Built In Statistical

FREQUENCY Built In Statistical

FTEST Built In Statistical

FV Built In Financial Returns the future value of an investment

FVSCHEDULE Analysis ToolPak Financial

GAMMADIST Built In Statistical Returns the gamma distribution

GAMMAINV Built In Statistical Returns the inverse of the gamma distribution

GAMMALN Built In Statistical

GCD Analysis ToolPak Maths

GEOMEAN Built In Statistical

GESTEP Analysis ToolPak Engineering

GETPIVOTDATA Built In External Returns data stored in a pivot table

Finds one text value within another (case sensitive)

Finds one text value within another (case sensitive) based on the number of bytes each character uses.

Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution

Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation

Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals

Rounds a number down towards 0 to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance

Calculates a predicted value of y for a given x value based on known values for x and y

Counts how often values occur within given ranges of values and returns those counts as a vertical array of numbers

Returns the result of an F-test; the one-tailed probability that the variances in array1 and array2 are not significantly different

Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates

Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function Γ(x).

Returns the greatest common divisor of 2 - 29 integers

Returns the geometric mean of an array or range of positive data

Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value

GROWTH Built In Statistical

HARMEAN Built In Statistical

HEX2BIN Analysis ToolPak Engineering Converts a hexadecimal to a binary

HEX2DEC Analysis ToolPak Engineering Converts a hexadecimal to a decimal

HEX2OCT Analysis ToolPak Engineering Converts a hexadecimal to an octal

HLOOKUP Built In Lookup & Ref

HOUR Built In Date & Time

HYPERLINK Built In Lookup & Ref

HYPGEOMDIST Built In Statistical

IF Built In Logical

IMABS Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMAGINARY Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMARGUMENT Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMCONJUGATE Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMCOS Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMDIV Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMEXP Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMLN Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMLOG10 Analysis ToolPak Engineering

Calculates predicted exponential growth and returns the y-values for a series of specified new x-values by using known x-values and y-values

Returns the harmonic mean of a data set by calculating the reciprocal of the arithmetic mean of reciprocals

Looks in the top row of a table or array and returns the value of the indicated cell

Converts an Excel date / time serial number to an hour

Creates a shortcut that opens a document on your hard drive, a server or the internet

Returns the hypergeometric distribution by calculating the probability of a given number of sample successes, given the sample size, population successes, and population size

Returns one value specified condition evaluates to TRUE and another value if it evaluates to FALSE

Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the argument theta - an angle expressed in radians

Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the cosine of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the quotient of two complex numbers provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the exponential of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

IMLOG2 Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMPOWER Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMPRODUCT Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMREAL Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMSIN Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMSQRT Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMSUB Analysis ToolPak Engineering

IMSUM Analysis ToolPak Engineering

INDEX Built In Lookup & Ref

INDIRECT Built In Lookup & Ref

INFO Built In Information

INT Built In Maths

INTERCEPT Built In Statistical

INTRATE Analysis ToolPak Financial

IPMT Built In Financial

IRR Built In Financial

ISBLANK Built In Information Returns TRUE if the value is blank

ISERR Built In Information

ISERROR Built In Information Returns TRUE if the value is any error value

ISEVEN Analysis ToolPak Information Returns TRUE if the number is even

ISLOGICAL Built In Information Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value


Returns a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj" raised to an integer number

Returns the product of 2 - 29 complex numbers provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the real coefficient of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the sine of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the square root of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the difference of two complex numbers provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the sum of 2 - 29 complex numbers provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Alternative forms. Array form returns a value or array of values. Reference form returns a reference.

Returns a reference indicated by a value provided as text

returns information about the current operating environment

Rounds a number away from 0 to the nearest integer

Calculates from given x and y values the point at which a line will intersect the y-axis

Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the amount of the interest element in a payment for an investment for a given period

Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows

Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A

ISNA Built In Information

ISNONTEXT Built In Information Returns TRUE if the value is not text

ISNUMBER Built In Information Returns TRUE if the value is a number

ISODD Analysis ToolPak Information Returns TRUE if the number is odd

ISPMT Built In Financial

ISREF Built In Information Returns TRUE if the value is a reference

ISTEXT Built In Information Returns TRUE if the value is text

JIS Built In Text

KURT Built In Statistical

LARGE Built In Statistical

LCM Analysis ToolPak Maths

LEFT Built In Text

LEFTB Built In Text

LEN Built In Text

LENB Built In Text

LINEST Built In Statistical

LN Built In Maths

LOG Built In Maths

LOG10 Built In Maths Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number

LOGEST Built In Statistical

LOGINV Built In Statistical

Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value

Returns the interest associated with a specific loan payment

Changes half-width (single-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to full-width (double-byte) characters.

Returns the kurtosis of a data set; a measure that compares the relative peakedness or flatness of a distribution compared with the normal distribution

Returns the kth largest value in a data set

Returns the least common multiple of 1 - 29 integers

Returns the left most characters from a text value

Returns the first character or characters in a text string, based on the number of bytes you specify.

Returns the number of characters in a text string

Returns the number of bytes used to represent the characters in a text string

Entered as an array formula, LINEST returns an array that describes a line of best fit by using the least squares method

Returns the natural logarithm (base e = 2.71828182845904) of a number

Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base

Entered as an array formula, LOGEST calculates an exponential curve that fits known data and returns an array of values that describes that curve

Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution function of x, where ln(x) is normally distributed with given probability, mean, and standard deviation

LOGNORMDIST Built In Statistical

LOOKUP Built In Lookup & Ref

LOWER Built In Text Converts text to lowercase

MATCH Built In Lookup & Ref

MAX Built In Statistical

MAXA Built In Statistical

MDETERM Built In Maths Returns the matrix determinant of an array

MDURATION Analysis ToolPak Financial

MEDIAN Built In Statistical Returns the median of the given numbers

MID Built In Text

MIDB Built In Text

MIN Built In Statistical

MINA Built In Statistical

MINUTE Built In Date & Time

MINVERSE Built In Maths Returns the matrix inverse of an array

MIRR Built In Financial

MMULT Built In Maths Returns the matrix product of two arrays

MOD** Built In Maths

MODE Built In Statistical Returns the most common value in a data set

Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution of x, where ln(x) is normally distributed with known mean and standard deviation

Alternative forms. Vector form looks up values in a one row or column range and returns a value in a second one row or column range. Array form looks in the first row or column of an array for the specified value and returns a value from the same position in the last row or column of the array

Returns the relative position of an item in an array that matches a specified value in a specified order

Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments ignoring logical values and text

Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments including logical values and text

Returns the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100 using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns a specific number of characters from a string starting at a specified position

Returns a specific number of characters from a text string, starting at the position you specify, based on the number of bytes specified

Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments ignoring logical values and text

Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments including logical values and text

Converts an Excel date / time serial number to a minute

Returns the modified internal rate of return based on different finance and reinvestment rates for negative and positive cash flows

Returns the remainder from division with the result having the same sign as the divisor

MONTH Built In Date & Time

MROUND Analysis ToolPak Maths

MULTINOMIAL Analysis ToolPak Maths

N Built In Information Returns a value converted to a number

NA Built In Information Returns the error value #N/A

NEGBINOMDIST Built In Statistical

NETWORKDAYS Analysis ToolPak Date & Time

NOMINAL Analysis ToolPak Financial

NORMDIST Built In Statistical

NORMINV Built In Statistical

NORMSDIST Built In Statistical

NORMSINV Built In Statistical

NOT Built In Logical Reverses the logic of its argument

NOW Built In Date & Time

NPER Built In Financial

NPV Built In Financial

OCT2BIN Analysis ToolPak Engineering Converts an octal number to binary

OCT2DEC Analysis ToolPak Engineering Converts an octal number to decimal

OCT2HEX Analysis ToolPak Engineering Converts an octal number to hexadecimal

ODD Built In Maths

Converts an Excel date / time serial number to a month number

Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple. Midway points are rounded away from 0

Returns the ratio of the factorial of a sum of values to the product of factorials

Returns the negative binomial distribution; the probability that there will be number_f failures before the number_s-th success, when the constant probability of a success is probability_s

Returns the number of whole working days between two dates excluding specified holidays

Returns the nominal rate equivalent to a given annual effective with a given compounding frequency for the nominal rate

Returns the cumulative distribution function or probability mass function for the value x with specified mean and standard deviation

Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution for the specified probability, mean, and standard deviation

Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution function. The distribution has a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1

Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution

Returns the Excel date / time serial number of the current date and time

Returns the number of periods for an investment

Returns the net present value of an investment based upon a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate where the first cash flow is received at the end of the first period

Rounds a number away from 0 to the nearest odd integer

ODDFPRICE Analysis ToolPak Financial

ODDFYIELD Analysis ToolPak Financial

ODDLPRICE Analysis ToolPak Financial

ODDLYIELD Analysis ToolPak Financial

OFFSET Built In Lookup & Ref

OR Built In Logical ReturnsTRUE if any argument is TRUE

PEARSON Built In Statistical

PERCENTILE Built In Statistical

PERCENTRANK Built In Statistical

PERMUT Built In Statistical

PHONETIC Built In Text

PI Built In Maths

PMT Built In Financial Returns the periodic payment for an annuity

POISSON Built In Statistical Returns the Poisson distribution

POWER Built In Maths

PPMT Built In Financial

PRICE Analysis ToolPak Financial

PRICEDISC Analysis ToolPak Financial

PRICEMAT Analysis ToolPak Financial

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns a reference to a range that is a specified number of rows and columns from a cell or range of cells

Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient

Returns the kth percentile of values in a range

Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set

Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects that can be selected from a number of objects without replacement

Extracts the phonetic (furigana) characters from a text string

Returns the number 3.14159265358979, the mathematical constant pi, accurate to 15 digits

Returns the result of a number raised to a power

Returns the amount of principal element in a payment for an investment for a given period

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity using the specified or default day counting basis

PROB Built In Statistical

PRODUCT Built In Maths Multiplies together 1 - 30 numbers

PROPER Built In Text

PV Built In Financial Returns the present value of an investment

QUARTILE Built In Statistical Returns the quartile of a data set

QUOTIENT Analysis ToolPak Maths Returns the integer portion of a division

RADIANS Built In Maths Converts degrees to radians

RAND Built In Maths

RANDBETWEEN Analysis ToolPak Maths

RANK Built In Statistical

RATE Built In Financial

RECEIVED Analysis ToolPak Financial

REGISTER.ID Built In External

REPLACE Built In Text Replaces characters within text

REPLACEB Built In Text

REPT Built In Text Repeats text a given number of times

RIGHT Built In Text

RIGHTB Built In Text

ROMAN Built In Maths Converts an arabic number to Roman, as text

ROUND Built In Maths

ROUNDDOWN Built In Maths

Returns either the probability that values in a range are between two limits or if upper_limit is not specified, the probability that values in x_range are equal to lower_limit

Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value

Returns an evenly distributed random number greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1

Returns a random number between (and inclusive of) two specified numbers

Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers

Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity

Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the register ID of the specified dynamic link library (DLL) or code resource that has been previously registered

Replaces part of a text string, based on the number of bytes you specify, with a different text string.

Returns the rightmost characters from a text value

Returns the last character or characters in a text string, based on the number of bytes you specify

Rounds a number to a specified number of digits to the left (-) or right (+) of the decimal point. The midway digit 5 is rounded away from 0.

Rounds a number down towards 0 to a specified number of digits to the left (-) or right (+) of the decimal point

ROUNDUP Built In Maths

ROW Built In Lookup & Ref Returns the row number of a reference

ROWS Built In Lookup & Ref Returns the number of rows in a reference

RSQ Built In Statistical

RTD Built In Lookup & Ref

SEARCH Built In Text

SEARCHB Built In Text

SECOND Built In Date & Time

SERIESSUM Analysis ToolPak Maths Returns the sum of a power series expansion

SIGN Built In Maths

SIN Built In Maths

SINH Built In Maths Returns the hyperbolic sine of a given angle

SKEW Built In Statistical Returns the skewness of a distribution

SLN Built In Financial

SLOPE Built In Statistical

SMALL Built In Statistical

SQL.REQUEST ODBC External

SQRT Built In Maths Returns a positive square root

SQRTPI Analysis ToolPak Maths

STANDARDIZE Built In Statistical

Round a number up away from 0 to a specified number of digits to the left (-) or right (+) of the decimal point

Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient through data points in known_y's and known_x's

Retrieves real-time data from a program that supports COM automation

Finds one text value within another (not case sensitive) and returns the number of the starting position

Finds one text string (find_text) within another text string (within_text), and returns the number of the starting position of find_text. The result is based on the number of bytes each character uses, beginning with start_num

Converts an Excel date / time serial number to a second

Returns 1 for positve numbers, 0 if the number is 0 and, -1 if the number is negative

Returns the sine of a given angle given in radians

Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period.

Returns the slope (vertical distance / horizontal distance) of the linear regression line through data points in known_y's and known_x's

Returns the kth smallest value in a data set

Connects with an external data source, and runs a query from a worksheet. SQL.REQUEST then returns the result as an array

Returns the square root of a number multiplied by pi

Returns a normalized value from a distribution with known mean and standard_dev

STDEV Built In Statistical

STDEVA Built In Statistical

STDEVP Built In Statistical

STDEVPA Built In Statistical

STEYX Built In Statistical

SUBSTITUTE Built In Text Substitutes new text for old text in a text string

SUBTOTAL Built In Maths Returns the sutotal in a list or database

SUM Built In Maths Adds its arguments

SUMIF Built In Maths Add the cells specified by a given criteria

SUMPRODUCT Built In Maths

SUMSQ Built In Maths

SUMX2MY2 Built In Maths

SUMX2PY2 Built In Maths

SUMXMY2 Built In Maths

SYD Built In Financial

T Built In Text Converts its arguments to text

TAN Built In Maths

TANH Built In Maths Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number

TBILLEQ Analysis ToolPak Financial

TBILLPRICE Analysis ToolPak Financial

TBILLYIELD Analysis ToolPak Financial Returns the yield for a treasury bill

TDIST Built In Statistical

TEXT Built In Text Formats a number and converts it to text

Estimates standard distribution based on a sample ignoring text and logical values

Estimates standard deviation based on a sample including text and logical values

Calculates standard distribution based on the entire population ignoring text and logical values

Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population including text and logical values

Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression

Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components

Returns the sum of the squares of 1 - 30 numbers

Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays

Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays

Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two array

Returns the sum of years' digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period

Returns the tangent of a given angle given in radians

Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a treasury bill

Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill

Returns the probability for the Student t-distribution where a numeric value (x) is a calculated value of t for which the probability is to be computed

TIME Built In Date & Time

TIMEVALUE Built In Date & Time

TINV Built In Statistical

TODAY Built In Date & Time

TRANSPOSE Built In Lookup & Ref Returns the transpose of an array

TREND Built In Statistical

TRIM Built In Text

TRIMMEAN Built In Statistical

TRUE Built In Logical Returns the logical value TRUE

TRUNC Built In Maths

TTEST Built In Statistical

TYPE Built In Information

UPPER Built In Text Converts text to uppercase

VALUE Built In Text Converts a text argument to a number

VAR Built In Statistical

VARA Built In Statistical

VARP Built In Statistical

VARPA Built In Statistical

VDB Built In Financial

Returns the decimal portion of an Excel date / time serial number for a particular time

Converts the time in an acceptable form of text enclosed in quotation marks to the decimal portion of an Excel date / time serial number

Returns the t-value of the Student's t-distribution based on given probability and degrees of freedom

Returns the Excel date / time serial number of today's date

Entered as an array formula, TREND fits a straight line using the least squares method to arrays of known_y's and known_x's and returns the y-values along that line for the array of specified new_x's

Removes all spaces from text except single spaces between words

Calculates the mean by excluding a specified percentage of data points from the top and bottom tails of a data set

Truncates a number to an integer or to specified precision by removing the fractional part of the number. (Serves to round down towards 0)

Returns the probability associated with a student's t-test

Returns the type of value (1 for value is a number; 2 for value is text; 4 for value is logical value; 16 for value is error value; 64 for value is array)

Estimates variance based on a sample ignoring logical values and text

Estimates variance based on a sample including text and logical values

Calculates variance based on the entire population ignoring text and logical values

Calculates variance based on the entire population including text and logical values

Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period using a variable declining balance method

VLOOKUP Built In Lookup & Ref

WEEKDAY Built In Date & Time

WEEKNUM Analysis ToolPak Date & Time

WEIBULL Built In Statistical Returns the Weibull distribution

WORKDAY Analysis ToolPak Date & Time

XIRR Analysis ToolPak Financial

XNPV Analysis ToolPak Financial

YEAR Built In Date & Time

YEARFRAC Analysis ToolPak Date & Time

YEN Built In Text

YIELD Analysis ToolPak Financial

YIELDDISC Analysis ToolPak Financial

YIELDMAT Analysis ToolPak Financial

ZTEST Built In Statistical Returns the two-tailed P-value of a z-test

Notes: ** The Excel MOD function uses a different definition of MOD to that used by VBA Mod function insofar as negative numbers are concerned.

Locates a specified value in the leftmost column of a specified table, and returns the value in the same row from a specified column in the table

Converts an Excel date / time serial number to the number of the day of the week based upon counting system of return_type

Returns the weeknumber in the year based upon return_type counting basis

Returns the Excel date / time serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays excluding holidays

Returns the annual effective interest rate for a schedule of cash flows received at specified dates

Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows received at specified dates

Converts an Excel date / time serial number to a year

Returns the difference between start_date and end_date expressed as a number of years including decimal fraction of a year.

Converts a number to text, using the ¥ (yen) currency format, with the number rounded to a specified place

Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the annual yield for a discounted security using the specified or default day counting basis.

Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity using the specified or default day counting basis

COMPLETE LIST OF EXCEL FUNCTIONS

Syntax

=BAHTTEXT(number)

=ABS(Number)

=ACCRINT(Issue,First_Interest,Settlement,Rate, Par,Frequency,Basis)

=ACCRINTM(Issue,Settlement,Rate,Par,Basis)

=ACOS(Number)

=ACOSH(Number)

=ADDRESS(Row_num,Column_num,Abs_num, A1,Sheet_text)

=AMORDEGRC(Cost,Date_purchased,First_period, Salvage,Period,Rate,Basis)

=AMORLINC(Cost,Date_purchased,First_period, Salvage,Period,Rate,Basis)

=AND(Logical1,Logical2,…)

=AREAS(reference)

=ASC(Text)

=ASIN(Number)

=ASINH(Number)

=ATAN(Number)

=ATAN2(x_num,y_num)

=ATANH(Number)

=AVEDEV(Number1,Number2,…)

=AVERAGE(Number1,Number2,…)

=AVERAGEA(Value1,Value2,…)

=BESSELI(x,n)

=BESSELJ(x,n)

=BESSELK(x,n)

=COLUMN(reference)

=BESSELY(x,n)

=BETADIST(x,alpha,beta,A,B)

=BETAINV(probability,alpha,beta,A,B)

=BIN2DEC(Number)

=BIN2HEX(Number,Places)

=BIN2OCT(Number,Places)

=BINOMDIST(number_s,trials,probability_s, cumulative)

=CALL(register_id,argument1,...) With Register.id=CALL(module_text,procedure,type_text, argument1,...) Excel for Windows=CALL(file_text,resource,type_text, argument1,...) Excel for Macintosh

=CEILING(number,significance)

=CELL(info_type,reference)

=CHAR(Number)

=CHIDIST(x,degrees_freedom)

=CHIINV(probability,degrees_freedom)

=CHITEST(actual_range,expected_range)

=CHOOSE(index_num,value1,value2,...)

=CLEAN(text)

=CODE(text)

=COLUMNS(array)

=COMBIN(number,number_chosen)

=COMPLEX(real_num,i_num,suffix)

=CONCATENATE (text1,text2,...)

=CONFIDENCE(alpha,standard_dev,size)

=CONVERT(number,from_unit,to_unit)

=CORREL(array1,array2)

=COS(Number)

=COSH(Number)

=COUNT(value1,value2, ...)

=COUNTA(value1,value2, ...)

=COUNTBLANK(range)

=COUNTIF(range,criteria)

=COUPDAYBS(settlement,maturity, frequency,basis)

=COUPDAYS(settlement,maturity, frequency,basis)

=COUPDAYSNC(settlement,maturity, frequency,basis)

=COUPNCD(settlement,maturity,frequency,basis)

=COUPNUM(settlement,maturity,frequency,basis)

=COUPPCD(settlement,maturity,frequency,basis)

=COVAR(array1,array2)

=CRITBINOM(trials,probability_s,alpha)

=CUMIPMT(rate,nper,pv,start_period,end_period, type)

=CUMPRINC(rate,nper,pv,start_period,end_period, type)

=DATE(year,month,day)

=DATEDIF(start_date,end_date,unit)

=DATEVALUE(date_text)

=DAVERAGE(database,field,criteria)

=DAY(serial_number)

=DAYS360(start_date,end_date,method)

=DB(cost,salvage,life,period,month)

=DCOUNT(database,field,criteria)

=DCOUNTA(database,field,criteria)

=DDB(cost,salvage,life,period,factor)

=DEC2BIN(Number)

=DEC2HEX(Number)

=DEC2OCT(Number)

=DEGREES(angle)

=DELTA(number1,number2)

=DEVSQ(number1,number2,...)

=DGET(database,field,criteria)

=DISC(settlement,maturity,pr,redemption,basis)

=DMAX(database,field,criteria)

=DMIN(database,field,criteria)

=DOLLAR(number,decimals)

=DOLLARDE(fractional_dollar,fraction)

=DOLLARFR(decimal_dollar,fraction)

=DPRODUCT(database,field,criteria)

=DSTDEV(database,field,criteria)

=DSTDEVP(database,field,criteria)

=DSUM(database,field,criteria)

=DURATION(settlement,maturity,coupon,yld, frequency,basis)

=DVAR(database,field,criteria)

=DVARP(database,field,criteria)

=EDATE(start_date,months)

=EFFECT(nominal_rate,npery)

=EOMONTH(start_date,months)

=ERF(lower_limit,upper_limit)

=ERFC(x)

=ERROR.TYPE(error_val)

=EUROCONVERT(number,source,target, full_precision,triangulation_precision)

=EVEN(Number)

=EXACT(text1,text2)

=EXP(Number)

=EXPONDIST(x,lambda,cumulative)

=FALSE()

=FIND(find_text,within_text,start_num)

=FACT(Number)

=FACTDOUBLE(number)

=FDIST(x,degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2)

=FINDB(find_text,within_text,start_num)

=FINV(probability,degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2)

=FISHER(x)

=FISHERINV(y)

=FIXED(number,decimals,no_commas)

=FLOOR(number,significance)

=FORECAST(x,known_y's,known_x's)

=FREQUENCY(data_array,bins_array)

=FTEST(array1,array2)

=FV(rate,nper,pmt,pv,type)

=FVSCHEDULE(principal,schedule)

=GAMMADIST(x,alpha,beta,cumulative)

=GAMMAINV(probability,alpha,beta)

=GAMMALN(x)

=GCD(number1,number2, ...)

=GEOMEAN(number1,number2, ...)

=GESTEP(number,step)

=GETPIVOTDATA(data_field,pivot_table,field1,item1,field2,item2,...)

=GROWTH(known_y's,known_x's,new_x's,const)

=HARMEAN(number1,number2, ...)

=HEX2BIN(Number,Places)

=HEX2DEC(Number)

=HEX2OCT(Number,Places)

=HLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array, row_index_num,range_lookup)

=HOUR(serial_number)

=HYPERLINK(link_location,friendly_name)

=HYPGEOMDIST(sample_s,number_sample, population_s,number_population)

=IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false)

=IMABS(inumber)

=IMAGINARY(inumber)

=IMARGUMENT(inumber)

=IMCONJUGATE(inumber)

=IMCOS(inumber)

=IMDIV(inumber1,inumber2)

=IMEXP(inumber)

=IMLN(inumber)

=IMLOG10(inumber)

=IMLOG2(inumber)

=IMPOWER(inumber,number)

=IMPRODUCT(inumber1,inumber2,...)

=IMREAL(inumber)

=IMSIN(inumber)

=IMSQRT(inumber)

=IMSUB(inumber1,inumber2)

=IMSUM(inumber1,inumber2,...)

=INDEX(array,row_num,column_num)=INDEX(reference,row_num,column_num, area_num)

=INDIRECT(ref_text,a1)

=INFO(type_text)

=INT(Number)

=INTERCEPT(known_y's,known_x's)

=INTRATE(settlement,maturity,investment, redemption,basis)

=IPMT(rate,per,nper,pv,fv,type)

=IRR(values,guess)

=ISBLANK(Value)

=ISERR(Value)

=ISERROR(Value)

=ISEVEN(Number)

=ISLOGICAL(Value)

=ISNA(Value)

=ISNONTEXT(Value)

=ISNUMBER(Value)

=ISODD(Number)

=ISPMT(rate,per,nper,pv)

=ISREF(Value)

=ISTEXT(Value)

=JIS(text)

=KURT(number1,number2, ...)

=LARGE(array,k)

=LCM(number1,number2, ...)

=LEFT(text,num_chars)

=LEFTB(text,num_bytes)

=LEN(text)

=LENB(text)

=LINEST(known_y's,known_x's,const,stats)

=LN(Number)

=LOG(Number,base)

=LOG10(Number)

=LOGEST(known_y's,known_x's,const,stats)

=LOGINV(probability,mean,standard_dev)

=LOGNORMDIST(x,mean,standard_dev)

=LOOKUP(lookup_value,lookup_vector, result_vector)=LOOKUP(lookup_value,array)

=LOWER(text)

=MATCH(lookup_value,lookup_array, match_type)

=MAX(number1,number2,...)

=MAXA(value1,value2,...)

=MDETERM(array)

=MDURATION(settlement,maturity,coupon,yld, frequency,basis)

=MEDIAN(number1,number2, ...)

=MID(text,start_num,num_chars)

=MIDB(text,start_num,num_bytes)

=MIN(number1,number2,...)

=MINA(value1,value2,...)

=MINUTE(serial_number)

=MINVERSE(array)

=MIRR(values,finance_rate,reinvest_rate)

=MMULT(array1,array2)

=MOD(number,divisor)

=MODE(number1,number2,...)

=NA()

=NOW()

=MONTH(serial_number)

=MROUND(number,multiple)

=MULTINOMIAL(number1,number2, ...)

=N(Value)

=NEGBINOMDIST(number_f,number_s, probability_s)

=NETWORKDAYS(start_date,end_date,holidays)

=NOMINAL(effect_rate,npery)

=NORMDIST(x,mean,standard_dev,cumulative)

=NORMINV(probability,mean,standard_dev)

=NORMSDIST(z)

=NORMSINV(probability)

=NOT(Logical)

=NPER(rate, pmt, pv, fv, type)

=NPV(rate,value1,value2, ...)

=OCT2BIN(number,places)

=OCT2DEC(number)

=OCT2HEX(number,places)

=ODD(number)

=PI()

=ODDFPRICE(settlement,maturity,issue, first_coupon,rate,yld,redemption, frequency,basis)

=ODDFYIELD(settlement,maturity,issue, first_coupon,rate,pr,redemption, frequency,basis)

=ODDLPRICE(settlement,maturity,last_interest, rate,yld,redemption,frequency,basis)

=ODDLYIELD(settlement,maturity,last_interest, rate,pr,redemption,frequency,basis)

=OFFSET(reference,rows,cols,height,width)

=OR(logical1,logical2,...)

=PEARSON(array1,array2)

=PERCENTILE(array,k)

=PERCENTRANK(array,x,significance)

=PERMUT(number,number_chosen)

=PHONETIC(reference)

=PMT(rate,nper,pv,fv,type)

=POISSON(x,mean,cumulative)

=POWER(number,power)

=PPMT(rate,per,nper,pv,fv,type)

=PRICE(settlement,maturity,rate,yld,redemption, frequency,basis)

=PRICEDISC(settlement,maturity,discount, redemption,basis)

=PRICEMAT(settlement,maturity,issue,rate, yld,basis)

=RAND()

=PROB(x_range,prob_range,lower_limit, upper_limit)

=PRODUCT(number1,number2, ...)

=PROPER(text)

=PV(rate,nper,pmt,fv,type)

=QUARTILE(array,quart)

=QUOTIENT(numerator,denominator)

=RADIANS(angle)

=RANDBETWEEN(bottom,top)

=RANK(number,ref,order)

=RATE(nper,pmt,pv,fv,type,guess)

=RECEIVED(settlement,maturity,investment, discount,basis)

=REGISTER.ID(module_text,procedure,type_text)

=REPLACE(old_text,start_num,num_chars, new_text)

=REPLACEB(old_text,start_num,num_bytes, new_text)

=REPT(text,number_times)

=RIGHT(text,num_chars)

=RIGHTB(text,num_bytes)

=ROMAN(number,form)

=ROUND(number,num_digits)

=ROUNDDOWN(number,num_digits)

=ROUNDUP(number,num_digits)

=ROW(reference)

=ROWS(array)

=RSQ(known_y's,known_x's)

=RTD(ProgID,server,topic1,[topic2],...)

=SEARCH(find_text,within_text,start_num)

=SEARCHB(find_text,within_text,start_num)

=SECOND(serial_number)

=SERIESSUM(x,n,m,coefficients)

=SIGN(number)

=SIN(number)

=SINH(number)

=SKEW(number1,number2,...)

=SLN(cost,salvage,life)

=SLOPE(known_y's,known_x's)

=SMALL(array,k)

=SQL.REQUEST(connection_string,output_ref, driver_prompt,query_text,col_names_logical)

=SQRT(number)

=SQRTPI(number)

=STANDARDIZE(x,mean,standard_dev)

=STDEV(number1,number2,...)

=STDEVA(value1,value2,...)

=STDEVP(number1,number2,...)

=STDEVPA(value1,value2,...)

=STEYX(known_y's,known_x's)

=SUBSTITUTE(text,old_text,new_text, instance_num)

=SUBTOTAL(function_num,ref1,ref2,...)

=SUM(number1,number2, ...)

=SUMIF(range,criteria,sum_range)

=SUMPRODUCT(array1,array2,array3, ...)

=SUMSQ(number1,number2, ...)

=SUMX2MY2(array_x,array_y)

=SUMX2PY2(array_x,array_y)

=SUMXMY2(array_x,array_y)

=SYD(cost,salvage,life,per)

=T(value)

=TAN(number)

=TANH(number)

=TBILLEQ(settlement,maturity,discount)

=TBILLPRICE(settlement,maturity,discount)

=TBILLYIELD(settlement,maturity,pr)

=TDIST(x,degrees_freedom,tails)

=TEXT(value,format_text)

=TODAY()

=TRUE()

=TIME(hour,minute,second)

=TIMEVALUE(time_text)

=TINV(probability,degrees_freedom)

=TRANSPOSE(array)

=TREND(known_y's,known_x's,new_x's,const)

=TRIM(text)

=TRIMMEAN(array,percent)

=TRUNC(number,num_digits)

=TTEST(array1,array2,tails,type)

=TYPE(value)

=UPPER(text)

=VALUE(text)

=VAR(number1,number2,...)

=VARA(value1,value2,...)

=VARP(number1,number2,...)

=VARPA(value1,value2,...)

=VDB(cost,salvage,life,start_period,end_period, factor,no_switch)

** The Excel MOD function uses a different definition of MOD to that used by VBA Mod function insofar as negative numbers are concerned.

=VLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array, col_index_num,range_lookup)

=WEEKDAY(serial_number,return_type)

=WEEKNUM(serial_num,return_type)

=WEIBULL(x,alpha,beta,cumulative)

=WORKDAY(start_date,days,holidays)

=XIRR(values,dates,guess)

=XNPV(rate,values,dates)

=YEAR(serial_number)

=YEARFRAC(start_date,end_date,basis)

=YEN(number,decimals)

=YIELD(settlement,maturity,rate,pr,redemption, frequency,basis)

=YIELDDISC(settlement,maturity,pr,redemption, basis)

=YIELDMAT(settlement,maturity,issue,rate,pr, basis)

=ZTEST(array,x,sigma)

Database Functions

Name Source DescriptionDAVERAGE Built In

DCOUNT* Built In

DCOUNTA* Built In

DGET Built In

DMAX Built In

DMIN Built In

DPRODUCT Built In

DSTDEV Built In

DSTDEVP Built In

DSUM Built In

DVAR Built In

DVARP Built In

Notes: * See also COUNT, COUNTA and FREQUENCY (Statistical) and COUNTIF (Maths) and COUNTBLANK (Information)

Database Function Arguments

Argument DescriptionDatabase The range of cells that makes up the list or database

Field Indicates which column is used in the function as text in inverted commas or as number of field

Criteria The range of cells that contains the conditions you specify

Returns the average of selected list or database entries based on specified criteria

Counts the cells containing numbers from a specified database that match specified criteria

Counts non blank cells from a specified database that match specified criteria criteria

Extracts from a specified database a single value that matches specified criteria

Extracts maximum number in a column of a list or database that matches specified conditions

Extracts minimum number in a column of a list or database that matches specified conditions

Multiplies the values in a particular field of records that match the specified criteria in a database

Estimates standard deviation of a population based on a sample using numbers in a column of a list or database that match specified conditions

Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population using numbers in a column of a list or database that match specified criteria

Adds the numbers in the field column of records in the database that match the specified criteria

Estimates the variance of a population based on a sample by using the numbers in a column of a list or database that match specified criteria

Calculates the variance of a population based on the entire population by using the numbers in a column of a list or database that match specified criteria

Database Functions

Syntax

* See also COUNT, COUNTA and FREQUENCY (Statistical) and COUNTIF (Maths) and COUNTBLANK (Information)

Database Function Arguments

DescriptionThe range of cells that makes up the list or database

Indicates which column is used in the function as text in inverted commas or as number of field

The range of cells that contains the conditions you specify

=DAVERAGE(database,field,criteria)

=DCOUNT(database,field,criteria)

=DCOUNTA(database,field,criteria)

=DGET(database,field,criteria)

=DMAX(database,field,criteria)

=DMIN(database,field,criteria)

=DPRODUCT(database,field,criteria)

=DSTDEV(database,field,criteria)

=DSTDEVP(database,field,criteria)

=DSUM(database,field,criteria)

=DVAR(database,field,criteria)

=DVARP(database,field,criteria)

Date & Time Functions

Name Source DescriptionDATE Built In

DATEDIF* Analysis ToolPak

DATEVALUE Built In

DAY Built In

DAYS360 Built In

EDATE Analysis ToolPak

EOMONTH Analysis ToolPak

HOUR Built In

MINUTE Built In

MONTH Built In

NETWORKDAYS Analysis ToolPak

NOW Built In

SECOND Built In

TIME Built In

TIMEVALUE Built In

TODAY Built In

WEEKDAY Built In

WEEKNUM Analysis ToolPak

WORKDAY Analysis ToolPak

Returns the sequential Excel date / time serial number that represents a particular date

Calculates differences between two dates in terms of specified units and assumptions

Converts a date text form to an Excel date / time serial number

Converts an Excel date / time serial number to the day of a month

Calculates the number of days between two dates using a specified 30 day month 360 day year method

Returns the Excel date / time serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the specified number of months from the start_date

Returns the Excel date / time serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months from start_date

Converts an Excel date / time serial number to an hour

Converts an Excel date / time serial number to a minute

Converts an Excel date / time serial number to a month number

Returns the number of whole working days between two dates excluding specified holidays

Returns the Excel date / time serial number of the current date and time

Converts an Excel date / time serial number to a second

Returns the decimal portion of an Excel date / time serial number for a particular time

Converts the time in an acceptable form of text enclosed in quotation marks to the decimal portion of an Excel date / time serial number

Returns the Excel date / time serial number of today's date

Converts an Excel date / time serial number to the number of the day of the week based upon counting system of return_type

Returns the weeknumber in the year based upon return_type counting basis

Returns the Excel date / time serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays excluding holidays

YEAR Built In

YEARFRAC Analysis ToolPak

Notes:

Date and Time Function Arguments

Argument Description

Date_text

Day

Days

End_date The last date as an acceptable date in inverted commas or as a serial number

Holidays

Hour

Method FALSE or omitted = US (NASD) 30/360 method; TRUE = European 30/360 method

Minute

Months The number of months before or after start_date

Second

Serial_num

Serial_Number

Start_date The first date as an acceptable date in inverted commas or as a serial number

Time_text A text string enclosed in quotation marks that represents a time in any one of the Excel time formats

Converts an Excel date / time serial number to a year

Returns the difference between start_date and end_date expressed as a number of years including decimal fraction of a year.

* See Appendix 2. DATEDIF really does exist! It is an Excel built in function. It doesn't appear in the listings in the function wizard and the only documentation reference is in the Help files for Excel 2000.

Basis(For Securities Functions)

The type of day count basis to use: 0 or omitted = US(NASD) 30/3601 = Actual / Actual 2 = Actual / 3603 = Actual / 365 4 = European 30/360

A date enclosed in quotation marks that is in a date text form acceptable to Excel. Note that acceptable date forms vary with system and Excel settings.

A number representing the day of the month. If day is greater than the number of days in the month specified, day aggregates the month and year arguments appropriately and day represents the balance after this aggregation

The number of nonweekend and nonholiday days before or after start_date. A positive value for days yields a future date; a negative value yields a past date

An optional range of one or more dates to exclude from the working calendar. The list can be either a range of cells that contains the dates or an array constant of the serial numbers that represent the dates

A number from 0 to 32767 representing the hour. Any value greater than 23 will be divided by 24 and the remainder will be treated as the hour value

A number from 0 to 32767 representing the minute. Any value greater than 59 will be converted to hours and minutes

Month(For DATE function)

A number representing the month of the year. If month is greater than 12, month adds that number of months to the first month in the year specified

Return_type(WEEKDAY only)

A number that determines the type of return value: 1 (or omitted) 1 = Sunday; 2 = 1 = Monday; 3 = 0 = Monday

Return_type(WEEKNUM only)

A number that determines on which day the week begins; 1 (or omitted) = starts Sunday nums 1 to 7; 2 = starts Monday nums 1 to 7

A number from 0 to 32767 representing the second. Any value greater than 59 will be converted to hours, minutes, and seconds

A date / time serial number. Dates should be entered by using the DATE function, or as results of other formulas or functions

An Excel date / time serial number. Dates should be entered by using the DATE function, or as results of other formulas or functions. The Excel date serial number varies according to setting of 1900 or 1904 date system in Tools > Options > Calculation.

Unit

Year The year number as one to four digits

"y" = years; "m" = months; "d" = days; "md" = days ignoring months and years; "ym" = years and months; "yd" = years and days

Date & Time Functions

Syntax

=NOW()

=TODAY()

=DATE(year,month,day)

=DATEDIF(start_date,end_date,unit)

=DATEVALUE(date_text)

=DAY(serial_number)

=DAYS360(start_date,end_date,method)

=EDATE(start_date,months)

=EOMONTH(start_date,months)

=HOUR(serial_number)

=MINUTE(serial_number)

=MONTH(serial_number)

=NETWORKDAYS(start_date,end_date,holidays)

=SECOND(serial_number)

=TIME(hour,minute,second)

=TIMEVALUE(time_text)

=WEEKDAY(serial_number,return_type)

=WEEKNUM(serial_num,return_type)

=WORKDAY(start_date,days,holidays)

Date and Time Function Arguments

The last date as an acceptable date in inverted commas or as a serial number

FALSE or omitted = US (NASD) 30/360 method; TRUE = European 30/360 method

The number of months before or after start_date

The first date as an acceptable date in inverted commas or as a serial number

A text string enclosed in quotation marks that represents a time in any one of the Excel time formats

=YEAR(serial_number)

=YEARFRAC(start_date,end_date,basis)

* See Appendix 2. DATEDIF really does exist! It is an Excel built in function. It doesn't appear in the listings in the function wizard and the only documentation reference is in the Help files for Excel 2000.

The type of day count basis to use: 0 or omitted = US(NASD) 30/3601 = Actual / Actual 2 = Actual / 3603 = Actual / 365 4 = European 30/360


A number representing the day of the month. If day is greater than the number of days in the month specified, day aggregates the month and year arguments appropriately and day represents the balance after this




A number from 0 to 32767 representing the minute. Any value greater than 59 will be converted to hours and


A number that determines the type of return value: 1 (or omitted) 1 = Sunday; 2 = 1 = Monday; 3 = 0 =

A number that determines on which day the week begins; 1 (or omitted) = starts Sunday nums 1 to 7; 2 =

A number from 0 to 32767 representing the second. Any value greater than 59 will be converted to hours,

A date / time serial number. Dates should be entered by using the DATE function, or as results of other


The year number as one to four digits

"y" = years; "m" = months; "d" = days; "md" = days ignoring months and years; "ym" = years and months; "yd"

Engineering Functions

Name Source DescriptionBESSELI Analysis ToolPak

BESSELJ Analysis ToolPak

BESSELK Analysis ToolPak

BESSELY Analysis ToolPak

BIN2DEC Analysis ToolPak Converts binary number to decimal

BIN2HEX Analysis ToolPak Converts binary number to hexadecimal

BIN2OCT Analysis ToolPak Converts binary number to octal

COMPLEX Analysis ToolPak

CONVERT Analysis ToolPak

DEC2BIN Analysis ToolPak Converts a decimal number to binary

DEC2HEX Analysis ToolPak Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal

DEC2OCT Analysis ToolPak Converts a decimal number to octal

DELTA Analysis ToolPak Test whether two values are equal

ERF Analysis ToolPak

ERFC Analysis ToolPak

GESTEP Analysis ToolPak

HEX2BIN Analysis ToolPak Converts a hexadecimal to a binary

HEX2DEC Analysis ToolPak Converts a hexadecimal to a decimal

HEX2OCT Analysis ToolPak Converts a hexadecimal to an octal

IMABS Analysis ToolPak

IMAGINARY Analysis ToolPak

IMARGUMENT Analysis ToolPak

IMCONJUGATE Analysis ToolPak

Returns the Bessel function evaluated for purely imaginary arguments

Returns the Bessel function represented by Jn(x)

Returns the modified Bessel function represented by Kn(x)

Returns the Bessel / Weber / Neumann function Yn(x)

Converts real and imaginary coefficients into complex numbers of the form x + yi or x + yj depending upon suffix

Converts a number from one measurement system to another

Returns the error function integrated between lower_limit and upper_limit

Returns the complementary ERF function integrated between x and infinity

Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value

Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the argument theta - an angle expressed in radians

Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

IMCOS Analysis ToolPak

IMDIV Analysis ToolPak

IMEXP Analysis ToolPak

IMLN Analysis ToolPak

IMLOG10 Analysis ToolPak

IMLOG2 Analysis ToolPak

IMPOWER Analysis ToolPak

IMPRODUCT Analysis ToolPak

IMREAL Analysis ToolPak

IMSIN Analysis ToolPak

IMSQRT Analysis ToolPak

IMSUB Analysis ToolPak

IMSUM Analysis ToolPak

OCT2BIN Analysis ToolPak Converts an octal number to binary

OCT2DEC Analysis ToolPak Converts an octal number to decimal

OCT2HEX Analysis ToolPak Converts an octal number to hexadecimal

Engineering Function Arguments

Argument DescriptionFrom_unit(1) A unit of measurement

Returns the cosine of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the quotient of two complex numbers provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the exponential of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"



Returns a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj" raised to an integer number

Returns the product of 2 - 29 complex numbers provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the real coefficient of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the sine of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the square root of a complex number provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the difference of two complex numbers provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

Returns the sum of 2 - 29 complex numbers provided in the text format "x + yi" or "x + yj"

From_unit(2)

From_unit(3)

I_num Imaginary coeffient of the complex number

Inumber A complex number

Inumber1 First complex number

Inumber2 Second complex number

Inumber2,… The second of 1-29 complex numbers

Lower_limit The lower bound for integrating ERF

N The order of the function

Number A number or expression that evaluates to a number

Number1 The first number

Number2 The second number

Number2,…

Places

Real_num The real coefficient of the complex number

Step The threshold value. If you omit a value for step, GESTEP uses zero

Suffix The suffix for the imaginary component of the complex number. If omitted, suffix is assumed to be "i"

To_unit(1) A unit of measurement

Weight & Mass: "g" = gram; "sg" = slug; "lbm" = pound (avoirdupois); "u" = Atomic mass; "ozm" = ounces (avoirdupois)Distance: "m" = meter; "mi" = Statute Mile; "Nmi" = Nautical mile; "in" = inch; "ft" = foot; "yd" = yard;"ang" = Angstrom; "pica" = pica (1/72in)Time: "yr" = year; "day" = day; "hr" = hour; "mn" = minute; "sec" = secondPressure: "pa" = Pascal; "atm" = atmosphere; "mmHg" = mm of mercuryForce: "N" = Newton; "dyn" = dyne; "lbf" = pound forceEnergy: "J" = Joule; "e" = erg; "c" Thermodynamic calorie; "cal" = IT calorie; "eV" = electron volt;"HPh" = horsepower-hour; "Wh" = Watt-hour; "flb" = foot-pound; "BTU" = BTUPower: "HP" = horsepower; "W" = WattMagnetism: "T" = Tesler; "ga" = GaussTemperature: "C" = degrees Celsius; "F" = degrees Fahrenheit; "K" = KelvinLiquid Measure: "tsp" = teaspoon; "tbs" = tablespoon; "oz" = fluid ounce; "cup" = cup;"pt" = US Pint; "UK_pt" = UK pint; "qt" = quart; "gal" = gallon; "l" = liter

Prefix Abbreviations for metric: "E" = 1E+18 = exa; "P" = 1E+15 = peta; "T" 1E+12 = tera; "G" = 1E+09 = giga; "M" = 1E+06 = mega; "k" = 1E+03 = kilo; "h" = 1E+02 = hecto; "e" = 1E+01 = dekao; "d" = 1E-01 = deci; "c"=1E-02 = centi; "m" = 1E-03 = milli; "u" = 1E-06 = micro; "n" = 1E-09 = nano; "p" = 1E-12 = pico; "f" = 1E-15 = femto; "a" = 1E-18 = atto

Second of up to 30 numbers. You can also use a single array or a reference to an array instead of arguments separated by commas

The number of characters to use. If places is omitted, Excel uses the minimum number of characters necessary

To_unit(2)

To_unit(3)

Upper_limit The upper bound for integrating ERF. If omitted, ERF integrates between zero and lower_limit

X The value at which to evaluate the function



Engineering Functions

Syntax=BESSELI(x,n)

=BESSELJ(x,n)

=BESSELK(x,n)

=BESSELY(x,n)

=BIN2DEC(Number)

=BIN2HEX(Number,Places)

=BIN2OCT(Number,Places)

=COMPLEX(real_num,i_num,suffix)

=CONVERT(number,from_unit,to_unit)

=DEC2BIN(Number)

=DEC2HEX(Number)

=DEC2OCT(Number)

=DELTA(number1,number2)

=ERF(lower_limit,upper_limit)

=ERFC(x)

=GESTEP(number,step)

=HEX2BIN(Number,Places)

=HEX2DEC(Number)

=HEX2OCT(Number,Places)

=IMABS(inumber)

=IMAGINARY(inumber)

=IMARGUMENT(inumber)

=IMCONJUGATE(inumber)

Engineering Function Arguments

DescriptionA unit of measurement

=IMCOS(inumber)

=IMDIV(inumber1,inumber2)

=IMEXP(inumber)

=IMLN(inumber)

=IMLOG10(inumber)

=IMLOG2(inumber)

=IMPOWER(inumber,number)

=IMPRODUCT(inumber1,inumber2,...)

=IMREAL(inumber)

=IMSIN(inumber)

=IMSQRT(inumber)

=IMSUB(inumber1,inumber2)

=IMSUM(inumber1,inumber2,...)

=OCT2BIN(number,places)

=OCT2DEC(number)

=OCT2HEX(number,places)

Imaginary coeffient of the complex number

A complex number

First complex number

Second complex number

The second of 1-29 complex numbers

The lower bound for integrating ERF

The order of the function

A number or expression that evaluates to a number

The first number

The second number

The real coefficient of the complex number

The threshold value. If you omit a value for step, GESTEP uses zero

The suffix for the imaginary component of the complex number. If omitted, suffix is assumed to be "i"

A unit of measurement

: "g" = gram; "sg" = slug; "lbm" = pound (avoirdupois); "u" = Atomic mass; "ozm" = ounces

: "m" = meter; "mi" = Statute Mile; "Nmi" = Nautical mile; "in" = inch; "ft" = foot; "yd" = yard;"ang" = Angstrom; "pica" = pica (1/72in)

: "yr" = year; "day" = day; "hr" = hour; "mn" = minute; "sec" = second: "pa" = Pascal; "atm" = atmosphere; "mmHg" = mm of mercury

: "N" = Newton; "dyn" = dyne; "lbf" = pound force: "J" = Joule; "e" = erg; "c" Thermodynamic calorie; "cal" = IT calorie; "eV" = electron volt;

"HPh" = horsepower-hour; "Wh" = Watt-hour; "flb" = foot-pound; "BTU" = BTU: "HP" = horsepower; "W" = Watt

: "T" = Tesler; "ga" = Gauss: "C" = degrees Celsius; "F" = degrees Fahrenheit; "K" = Kelvin

: "tsp" = teaspoon; "tbs" = tablespoon; "oz" = fluid ounce; "cup" = cup;"pt" = US Pint; "UK_pt" = UK pint; "qt" = quart; "gal" = gallon; "l" = liter

Prefix Abbreviations for metric: "E" = 1E+18 = exa; "P" = 1E+15 = peta; "T" 1E+12 = tera; "G" = 1E+09 = giga; "M" = 1E+06 = mega; "k" = 1E+03 = kilo; "h" = 1E+02 = hecto; "e" = 1E+01 = dekao; "d" = 1E-01 = deci; "c"=1E-02 = centi; "m" = 1E-03 = milli; "u" = 1E-06 = micro; "n" = 1E-09 = nano; "p" = 1E-12 = pico; "f" = 1E-

Second of up to 30 numbers. You can also use a single array or a reference to an array instead of arguments

The number of characters to use. If places is omitted, Excel uses the minimum number of characters

The upper bound for integrating ERF. If omitted, ERF integrates between zero and lower_limit

The value at which to evaluate the function









External Functions

Name Source DescriptionCALL Built In

EUROCONVERT Add-in

GETPIVOTDATA Built In Returns data stored in a pivot table

REGISTER.ID Built In

SQL.REQUEST ODBC

External Function Arguments

Argument DescriptionArgument1,… The arguments to be passed to the procedure

Col_names_logical

Connection_string

Data_field The name, enclosed in quotation marks, for the data field that contains the data

Driver_prompt Specifies when the driver dialog box is displayed and which options are available

Field1, Item1 One of up to 14 pairs of field names and item names that describe the data

Field2, Item2,… Second of up to 14 pairs of field names and item names that describe the data

File_text The name of the file that contains the code resource in Microsoft Excel for the Macintosh

Item1 One of up to 14 pairs of field names and item names that describe the data

Item2,… Second of up to 14 pairs of field names and item names that describe the data

Module_text


Output_ref A cell reference where you want the completed connection string placed

Calls a procedure in a dynamic link library or code resource

Converts a number to or from Euros to or from a member currency or converts between one euro member currency to another using the Euro as an intermediary (triangulation)

Returns the register ID of the specified dynamic link library (DLL) or code resource that has been previously registered

Connects with an external data source, and runs a query from a worksheet. SQL.REQUEST then returns the result as an array

Indicates whether column names are returned as the first row of the results. TRUE if the column names to be returned as the first row of the results. FALSE if column names not wanted. If column_names_logical is omitted, SQL.REQUEST does not return column names

Supplies information, such as the data source name, user ID, and passwords, required by the driver being used to connect to a data source and must follow the driver's format

Quoted text specifying the name of the dynamic link library (DLL) that contains the procedure in Microsoft Excel for Windows

Pivot_table A reference to any cell, range of cells, or named range of cells in a PivotTable report

Procedure

Query_text The SQL statement that you want to execute on the data source

Register_id The value returned by a previously executed REGISTER or REGISTER.ID function

Resource

Source

Target

Type_text (CALL function)

Text specifying the name of the function in the DLL. You can also use the ordinal value of the function from the EXPORTS statement in the module-definition file (.DEF).

The name of the code resource in Microsoft Excel for the Macintosh. You can also use the resource ID number. The resource ID number must not be in the form of text

A three-letter string, or reference to a cell containing the string, corresponding to the ISO code for the source currency:Belgium - franc - BEF Luxembourg - franc - LUF Germany - deutche mark - DEMSpain - peseta - ESP France - franc - FRF Ireland - pound - IEP Italy - lira - ITLNetherlands - guilder - NLG Austria - schilling - ATS Portugal - escudo - PTEFinland - markka -FIM Euro member states - euro - EUROthers may be added later:Denmark - krone - DKK Greece - drachma - GRD Sweden - krona - SEKUK - pound sterling - GBP

A three-letter string, or reference to a cell containing the string, corresponding to the ISO code for the source currencyBelgium - franc - BEF Luxembourg - franc - LUF Germany - deutche mark - DEMSpain - peseta - ESP France - franc - FRF Ireland - pound - IEP Italy - lira - ITLNetherlands - guilder - NLG Austria - schilling - ATS Portugal - escudo - PTEFinland - markka -FIM Euro member states - euro - EUROthers may be added later:Denmark - krone - DKK Greece - drachma - GRD Sweden - krona - SEKUK - pound sterling - GBP

Text specifying the data type of the return value and the data types of all arguments to the DLL or code resource

External Functions

Syntax

External Function Arguments

DescriptionThe arguments to be passed to the procedure

The name, enclosed in quotation marks, for the data field that contains the data

Specifies when the driver dialog box is displayed and which options are available

One of up to 14 pairs of field names and item names that describe the data

Second of up to 14 pairs of field names and item names that describe the data

The name of the file that contains the code resource in Microsoft Excel for the Macintosh




A cell reference where you want the completed connection string placed

=CALL(register_id,argument1,...) With Register.id=CALL(module_text,procedure,type_text, argument1,...) Excel for Windows=CALL(file_text,resource,type_text, argument1,...) Excel for Macintosh

=EUROCONVERT(number,source,target, full_precision,triangulation_precision)

=GETPIVOTDATA(data_field,pivot_table,field1,item1, field2,item2,...)

=REGISTER.ID(module_text,procedure,type_text)

=SQL.REQUEST(connection_string,output_ref, driver_prompt,query_text,col_names_logical)



Quoted text specifying the name of the dynamic link library (DLL) that contains the procedure in Microsoft

A reference to any cell, range of cells, or named range of cells in a PivotTable report

The SQL statement that you want to execute on the data source

The value returned by a previously executed REGISTER or REGISTER.ID function



A three-letter string, or reference to a cell containing the string, corresponding to the ISO code for the source

Belgium - franc - BEF Luxembourg - franc - LUF Germany - deutche mark - DEMSpain - peseta - ESP France - franc - FRF Ireland - pound - IEP Italy - lira - ITLNetherlands - guilder - NLG Austria - schilling - ATS Portugal - escudo - PTEFinland - markka -FIM Euro member states - euro - EUR

Denmark - krone - DKK Greece - drachma - GRD Sweden - krona - SEK




Text specifying the data type of the return value and the data types of all arguments to the DLL or code

Financial Functions

Name Source DescriptionACCRINT Analysis ToolPak

ACCRINTM Analysis ToolPak

AMORDEGRC Analysis ToolPak

AMORLINC Analysis ToolPak

COUPDAYBS Analysis ToolPak

COUPDAYS Analysis ToolPak

COUPDAYSNC Analysis ToolPak

COUPNCD Analysis ToolPak

COUPNUM Analysis ToolPak

COUPPCD Analysis ToolPak

CUMIPMT Analysis ToolPak

CUMPRINC Analysis ToolPak

DB Built In

DDB Built In

DISC Analysis ToolPak

DOLLARDE Analysis ToolPak

DOLLARFR Analysis ToolPak

Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest

Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity



Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlent date using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods

Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods

Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period, using the fixed declining balance method

Returns the deoreciation of an asset for a specified period, using the double-declining balance method of some other method that is specified

Returns the discount rate for a security using the specified or default day counting basis

Converts a dollar price (expressed as a fraction) into a dollar price expressed as a decimal number

Converts a dollar price (expressed as a decimal number) into a dollar price expressed as a fraction

DURATION Analysis ToolPak

EFFECT Analysis ToolPak

FV Built In Returns the future value of an investment

FVSCHEDULE Analysis ToolPak

INTRATE Analysis ToolPak

IPMT Built In

IRR Built In

ISPMT Built In

MDURATION Analysis ToolPak

MIRR Built In

NOMINAL Analysis ToolPak

NPER Built In

NPV Built In

ODDFPRICE Analysis ToolPak

ODDFYIELD Analysis ToolPak

ODDLPRICE Analysis ToolPak

ODDLYIELD Analysis ToolPak

Returns the Macauley duration of a security with periodic interest payments using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the effective annual interest rate of a given nominal rate with its compounding frequency

Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates

Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the amount of the interest element in a payment for an investment for a given period

Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows

Returns the interest associated with a specific loan payment

Returns the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100 using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the modified internal rate of return based on different finance and reinvestment rates for negative and positive cash flows

Returns the nominal rate equivalent to a given annual effective with a given compounding frequency for the nominal rate

Returns the number of periods for an investment

Returns the net present value of an investment based upon a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate where the first cash flow is received at the end of the first period

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period using the specified or default day counting basis

PMT Built In Returns the periodic payment for an annuity

PPMT Built In

PRICE Analysis ToolPak

PRICEDISC Analysis ToolPak

PRICEMAT Analysis ToolPak

PV Built In Returns the present value of an investment

RATE Built In

RECEIVED Analysis ToolPak

SLN Built In

SYD Built In

TBILLEQ Analysis ToolPak

TBILLPRICE Analysis ToolPak

TBILLYIELD Analysis ToolPak Returns the yield for a treasury bill

VDB Built In

XIRR Analysis ToolPak

XNPV Analysis ToolPak

YIELD Analysis ToolPak

YIELDDISC Analysis ToolPak

YIELDMAT Analysis ToolPak

Financial Function Arguments

Returns the amount of principal element in a payment for an investment for a given period

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity

Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period.

Returns the sum of years' digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period

Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a treasury bill

Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill

Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period using a variable declining balance method

Returns the annual effective interest rate for a schedule of cash flows received at specified dates

Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows received at specified dates

Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest using the specified or default day counting basis

Returns the annual yield for a discounted security using the specified or default day counting basis.

Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity using the specified or default day counting basis

Argument DescriptionYear basis to be used: 0 or omitted 360 (NASD); 1 = Actual; 2 = 365; 3 = 360 (European)

Cost Cost of the asset

Coupon The security's annual coupon rate

Date_purchased

Dates

Decimal_dollar A decimal number

Discount The security's discount rate

Effect_rate The effective interest rate

End_period Last period number

Factor

Finance_rate The interest rate you pay on the money used in the cash flows

First_coupon The security's first coupon date

First_Interest

First_period

Fraction The integer to use in the denominator of the fraction

Fractional_dollar A number expressed as a fraction

Frequency The number of coupon payments per year for a security.

FV Future Value

Guess A number that you guess is close to the result of IRR

Investment The amount invested in the security

Issue

Last_interest The security's last coupon date

Life

Maturity The security's maturity date

Month (For DB function) The number of months in the first year. If month is omitted, it is assumed to be 12


Date of purchase of the asset. Entered as an acceptable date in quotation marks or as a serial number or function returning a date serial number

A schedule of payment dates that corresponds to the cash flow payments. The first payment date indicates the beginning of the schedule of payments. All other dates must be later than this date, but they may occur in any order

The rate at which the balance declines. If factor is omitted, it is assumed to be 2 (the double-declining balance method)

A security's first interest date entered as an acceptable date in quotation marks or as a serial number or function returning a date serial number

Date of the end of the first period. Entered as an acceptable date in quotation marks or as a serial number or function returning a date serial number

A security's issue date entered as an acceptable date in quotation marks or as a serial number or function returning a date serial number

The number of periods over which the asset is being depreciated (sometimes called the useful life of the asset)

No_switch

Nominal_rate The nominal interest rate

Nper The number of periods

Npery The number of compounding periods per year

Par A security's par value. (Default = $1,000)

Period The number of the accounting period

Pmt The payment made each period

Pr The security's price per $100 face value

Principal The present value

PV The Present Value

The interest rate per period

The rate of depreciation

The discount rate

A security's annual coupon rate

Redemption The security's redemption value per $100 face value

Reinvest_rate The interest rate you receive on the cash flows as you reinvest them

Salvage Salvage value at the end of the life of the asset

Schedule An array of interest rates to apply

Settlement

Start_period First period number

Type (Amortization functions) 0 = Payment in arrears; 1 = payment in advance

Value1 A numeric value

Value2,… Second of 1 to n possible values (n=30 for AVERAGEA; n=29 for CHOOSE, NPV)

Values (IRR and MIRR)

A logical value specifying whether to switch to straight-line depreciation when depreciation is greater than the declining balance calculation.If TRUE, Excel does not switch to straight-line depreciation even when the depreciation is greater than the declining balance calculation. FALSE or omitted, Excel switches to straight-line depreciation when depreciation is greater than the declining balance calculation

Rate(For amortization functions)

Rate(For Depreciation Functions)

Rate(For NPV and XNPV)

Rate(For Securities Functions)

A security's settlement date, which is the date after the issue date when the security is traded to the buyer. Entered as an acceptable date in quotation marks or as a serial number or function returning a date serial number

An array or a reference to cells that contain numbers for which you want to calculate the internal rate of return. Values must contain at least one positive value and one negative value to calculate the internal rate of return. If an array or reference argument contains text, logical values, or empty cells, those values are ignored.

Values (XIRR and XNPV)

Yld The security's annual yield

A series of cash flows that corresponds to a schedule of payments in dates. The first payment is optional and corresponds to a cost or payment that occurs at the beginning of the investment. If the first value is a cost or payment, it must be a negative value. All succeeding payments are discounted based on a 365-day year. The series of values must contain at least one positive value and one negative value

Financial Functions

Syntax=ACCRINT(Issue,First_Interest,Settlement,Rate, Par,Frequency,Basis)

=ACCRINTM(Issue,Settlement,Rate,Par,Basis)

=AMORDEGRC(Cost,Date_purchased,First_period, Salvage,Period,Rate,Basis)

=AMORLINC(Cost,Date_purchased,First_period, Salvage,Period,Rate,Basis)

=COUPDAYBS(settlement,maturity, frequency,basis)

=COUPDAYS(settlement,maturity, frequency,basis)

=COUPDAYSNC(settlement,maturity, frequency,basis)

=COUPNCD(settlement,maturity,frequency,basis)

=COUPNUM(settlement,maturity,frequency,basis)

=COUPPCD(settlement,maturity,frequency,basis)

=CUMIPMT(rate,nper,pv,start_period,end_period, type)

=CUMPRINC(rate,nper,pv,start_period,end_period, type)

=DB(cost,salvage,life,period,month)

=DDB(cost,salvage,life,period,factor)

=DISC(settlement,maturity,pr,redemption,basis)

=DOLLARDE(fractional_dollar,fraction)

=DOLLARFR(decimal_dollar,fraction)

=DURATION(settlement,maturity,coupon,yld, frequency,basis)

=EFFECT(nominal_rate,npery)

=FV(rate,nper,pmt,pv,type)

=FVSCHEDULE(principal,schedule)

=INTRATE(settlement,maturity,investment, redemption,basis)

=IPMT(rate,per,nper,pv,fv,type)

=IRR(values,guess)

=ISPMT(rate,per,nper,pv)

=MDURATION(settlement,maturity,coupon,yld, frequency,basis)

=MIRR(values,finance_rate,reinvest_rate)

=NOMINAL(effect_rate,npery)

=NPER(rate, pmt, pv, fv, type)

=NPV(rate,value1,value2, ...)

=ODDFPRICE(settlement,maturity,issue, first_coupon,rate,yld,redemption, frequency,basis)

=ODDFYIELD(settlement,maturity,issue, first_coupon,rate,pr,redemption, frequency,basis)

=ODDLPRICE(settlement,maturity,last_interest, rate,yld,redemption,frequency,basis)

=ODDLYIELD(settlement,maturity,last_interest, rate,pr,redemption,frequency,basis)

Financial Function Arguments

=PMT(rate,nper,pv,fv,type)

=PPMT(rate,per,nper,pv,fv,type)

=PRICE(settlement,maturity,rate,yld,redemption, frequency,basis)

=PRICEDISC(settlement,maturity,discount, redemption,basis)

=PRICEMAT(settlement,maturity,issue,rate, yld,basis)

=PV(rate,nper,pmt,fv,type)

=RATE(nper,pmt,pv,fv,type,guess)

=RECEIVED(settlement,maturity,investment, discount,basis)

=SLN(cost,salvage,life)

=SYD(cost,salvage,life,per)

=TBILLEQ(settlement,maturity,discount)

=TBILLPRICE(settlement,maturity,discount)

=TBILLYIELD(settlement,maturity,pr)

=VDB(cost,salvage,life,start_period,end_period, factor,no_switch)

=XIRR(values,dates,guess)

=XNPV(rate,values,dates)

=YIELD(settlement,maturity,rate,pr,redemption, frequency,basis)

=YIELDDISC(settlement,maturity,pr,redemption, basis)

=YIELDMAT(settlement,maturity,issue,rate,pr, basis)

DescriptionYear basis to be used: 0 or omitted 360 (NASD); 1 = Actual; 2 = 365; 3 = 360 (European)

Cost of the asset

The security's annual coupon rate

A decimal number

The security's discount rate

The effective interest rate

Last period number

The interest rate you pay on the money used in the cash flows

The security's first coupon date

The integer to use in the denominator of the fraction

A number expressed as a fraction

The number of coupon payments per year for a security.

Future Value

A number that you guess is close to the result of IRR

The amount invested in the security

The security's last coupon date

The security's maturity date

The number of months in the first year. If month is omitted, it is assumed to be 12


A schedule of payment dates that corresponds to the cash flow payments. The first payment date indicates the beginning of the schedule of payments. All other dates must be later than this date, but they may occur in

The rate at which the balance declines. If factor is omitted, it is assumed to be 2 (the double-declining



A security's issue date entered as an acceptable date in quotation marks or as a serial number or function

The number of periods over which the asset is being depreciated (sometimes called the useful life of the

The nominal interest rate

The number of periods

The number of compounding periods per year

A security's par value. (Default = $1,000)

The number of the accounting period

The payment made each period

The security's price per $100 face value

The present value

The Present Value



The discount rate


The security's redemption value per $100 face value

The interest rate you receive on the cash flows as you reinvest them

Salvage value at the end of the life of the asset

An array of interest rates to apply

First period number

0 = Payment in arrears; 1 = payment in advance

A numeric value

Second of 1 to n possible values (n=30 for AVERAGEA; n=29 for CHOOSE, NPV)


A security's settlement date, which is the date after the issue date when the security is traded to the buyer. Entered as an acceptable date in quotation marks or as a serial number or function returning a date serial

An array or a reference to cells that contain numbers for which you want to calculate the internal rate of return. Values must contain at least one positive value and one negative value to calculate the internal rate of return. If an array or reference argument contains text, logical values, or empty cells, those values are

The security's annual yield


Information Functions

Name Source DescriptionCELL Built In

COUNTBLANK* Built In Counts the number of blank cells in the range

ERROR.TYPE Built In

INFO Built In

ISBLANK Built In Returns TRUE if the value is blank

ISERR Built In

ISERROR Built In Returns TRUE if the value is any error value

ISEVEN Analysis ToolPak Returns TRUE if the number is even

ISLOGICAL Built In Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value

ISNA Built In

ISNONTEXT Built In Returns TRUE if the value is not text

ISNUMBER Built In Returns TRUE if the value is a number

ISODD Analysis ToolPak Returns TRUE if the number is odd

ISREF Built In Returns TRUE if the value is a reference

ISTEXT Built In Returns TRUE if the value is text

N Built In Returns a value converted to a number

NA Built In Returns the error value #N/A

TYPE Built In

Notes: * See also COUNT, COUNTA and FREQUENCY (Statistical) and COUNTIF (Maths) and DCOUNT and DCOUNTA (Database)

Information Function Arguments

Argument DescriptionError_val

Returns information about the formatting , location or contents of the cell or upper left cell of the reference

Returns a number corresponding to an Excel error type

Returns information about the current operating environment

Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A

Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value

Returns the type of value (1 for value is a number; 2 for value is text; 4 for value is logical value; 16 for value is error value; 64 for value is array)

The error value whose identifying number you want:1 = #Null!; 2 = #Div/0!; 3 = #Value!; 4 = #Ref!; 5 = #Name?;6 = #N/A

Info_type


Reference

Type_text (INFO function)

Value A value or an expression that evaluates to a value:

A text value that specifies what type of cell information you want:"Address" = first cell in reference"Col" = First column number in reference"Color" Returns 1 for negative colored, 0 otherwise"Contents" = Value of upper left cell in reference"Format" = Text value corresponding to number format"Prentheses" = Returns 1 for parenthese for positive or all values, 0 otherwise"Prefix" = Text value corresponding to label prefix"Protect" = returns 0 if unlucked, 1 if locked"Row" = First row number in reference"Type" = Text value for type of data; b for blank, l for label, v for value"Width" = Column width rounded to nearest integer

Reference to a cell or range of cells and can refer to multiple areas. If you want to specify several references as a single argument, then you must include extra sets of parentheses so that Microsoft Excel will not interpret the comma as a field separator

Text that specifies what type of information you want returned:"directory" = Path of current directory of folder;"memavail" = Amount of currently available memory in bytes;"memused" = Amount of memory being used for data;"numfile" = number of active worksheets in open workbooks;"origin" = cell reference of top leftmost cell visible in window, based on current scrolling position;"osversion" = current operating system version, as text;"recalc" = current recalculation mode;"release" = version of Excel;"system" = name of the operating environment (Mac or pcdos);"totmem" = total memory available

Information Functions

Syntax

=NA()

* See also COUNT, COUNTA and FREQUENCY (Statistical) and COUNTIF (Maths) and DCOUNT and DCOUNTA (Database)

Information Function Arguments

Description

=CELL(info_type,reference)

=COUNTBLANK(range)

=ERROR.TYPE(error_val)

=INFO(type_text)

=ISBLANK(Value)

=ISERR(Value)

=ISERROR(Value)

=ISEVEN(Number)

=ISLOGICAL(Value)

=ISNA(Value)

=ISNONTEXT(Value)

=ISNUMBER(Value)

=ISODD(Number)

=ISREF(Value)

=ISTEXT(Value)

=N(Value)

=TYPE(Value)

The error value whose identifying number you want:1 = #Null!; 2 = #Div/0!; 3 = #Value!; 4 = #Ref!; 5 = #Name?;


A value or an expression that evaluates to a value:



Text that specifies what type of information you want returned:"directory" = Path of current directory of folder;"memavail" = Amount of currently available memory in bytes;"memused" = Amount of memory being used for data;"numfile" = number of active worksheets in open workbooks;"origin" = cell reference of top leftmost cell visible in window, based on current scrolling position;"osversion" = current operating system version, as text;"recalc" = current recalculation mode;

"system" = name of the operating environment (Mac or pcdos);"totmem" = total memory available

Logical Functions

Name Source DescriptionAND Built In Returns TRUE if all its arguments are TRUE

FALSE Built In Returns the logical value FALSE

IF Built In

NOT Built In Reverses the logic of its argument

OR Built In ReturnsTRUE if any argument is TRUE

TRUE Built In Returns the logical value TRUE

Logical Function Arguments

Argument DescriptionLogical A value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE

Logical_test Any value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE

Logical1

Logical2,… Second of up to 30 conditions you want to test that can be either TRUE or FALSE

Value_if_false The value that is returned if logical_test is FALSE

Value_if_true The value that is returned if logical_test is TRUE

Returns one value specified condition evaluates to TRUE and another value if it evaluates to FALSE

Condition to be tested. Argument must evaluate to a logical value or be arrays or references that contain logical values

Logical Functions

Syntax

=FALSE()

=TRUE()

Logical Function Arguments

DescriptionA value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE

Any value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE

Second of up to 30 conditions you want to test that can be either TRUE or FALSE

The value that is returned if logical_test is FALSE

The value that is returned if logical_test is TRUE

=AND(Logical1,Logical2,…)

=IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false)

=NOT(Logical)

=OR(logical1,logical2,...)

Condition to be tested. Argument must evaluate to a logical value or be arrays or references that contain

Lookup & Reference Functions

Name Source DescriptionADDRESS Built In

AREAS Built In Returns the number of areas in a reference

CHOOSE Built In

COLUMN Built In

COLUMNS Built In

HLOOKUP Built In

HYPERLINK Built In

INDEX Built In

INDIRECT Built In

LOOKUP Built In

MATCH Built In

OFFSET Built In

ROW Built In Returns the row number of a reference

ROWS Built In Returns the number of rows in a reference

RTD Built In

TRANSPOSE Built In

VLOOKUP Built In

Lookup & Reference Function Arguments

Creates a cell address as text based on given row and column rumbers

Uses a specified index number to select one from up to 29 specified values

Returns the column number of the cell or a specified reference

Returns the number of columns in an array or reference

Looks in the top row of a table or array and returns the value of the indicated cell

Creates a shortcut that opens a document on your hard drive, a server or the internet

Alternative forms. Array form returns a value or array of values. Reference form returns a reference.

Returns a reference indicated by a value provided as text

Alternative forms. Vector form looks up values in a one row or column range and returns a value in a second one row or column range. Array form looks in the first row or column of an array for the specified value and returns a value from the same position in the last row or column of the array

Returns the relative position of an item in an array that matches a specified value in a specified order

Returns a reference to a range that is a specified number of rows and columns from a cell or range of cells

Retrieves real-time data from a program that supports COM automation

Transposes vertical or horizontal arrays. Entered as an array formula in same number of cells as array.

Locates a specified value in the leftmost column of a specified table, and returns the value in the same row from a specified column in the table

Argument DescriptionA1 A logical value that specifies the A1 (TRUE) or R1C1 (FALSE) reference style

Abs_num

Area_num Selects a range in reference from which to return the intersection of row_num and column_num

Array An array or array formula, or a reference to a range of cells

Col_index_num The column number in table_array from which the matching value must be returned

Cols The number of columns, to the left (-) or right (+), that you want the upper-left cell of the result to refer to

Column_num Column number

Friendly_name The jump text or numeric value that is displayed in the cell

Height The height, in number of rows, that you want the returned reference to be. Height must be a positive number

Index_num

Link_location The path and file name to the document to be opened as text

Lookup_array

Lookup_value The value to be found

Lookup_vector

Match_type

ProgID

Range_lookup

Ref_text Refers to another workbook (an external reference),

Reference

Result_vector A range that contains only one row or column. It must be the same size as lookup_vector

Row_index_num The row number in table_array from which the matching value will be returned

Row_num Row number

Rows The number of rows, up (-) or down (+), that you want the upper-left cell to refer to

Server

The type of reference to return:1 = Absolute; 2 = Abs Row / Rel Col; 3 = Rel Row / Abs Col; 4 = Relative

Specifies which value argument is selected. Index_num must be a number between 1 and 29, or a formula or reference to a cell containing a number between 1 and 29

A contiguous range of cells containing possible lookup values. Lookup_array must be an array or an array reference

A range that contains only one row or one column. The values in lookup_vector can be text, numbers, or logical values

The number -1, 0, or 1. Match_type specifies how Microsoft Excel matches lookup_value with values in lookup_array:1 = (default) largest value less than or equal to look_up value; 0 = first value to exactly equal lookup value-1 = smallest value greater than or equal to look_value

The name of the ProgID of a registered COM automation add-in that has been installed on the local computer. Enclose the name in quotation marks

A logical value that specifies whether you want to find an exact match or an approximate match. If TRUE = approximate match is returned FALSE = Exact


Name of the server where the add-in should be run. If there is no server, and the program is run locally, leave the argument blank. Otherwise, enter quotation marks ("") around the server name

Sheet_text

Table_array A table of information in which data is looked up

Topic1 First of up to 28 parameters that together represent a unique piece of real-time data

Topic2,… Second of up to 28 parameters that together represent a unique piece of real-time data



Width

Text specifying the name of the worksheet to be used as the external reference. If sheet_text is omitted, no sheet name is used

The width, in number of columns, that you want the returned reference to be. Width must be a positive number

Lookup & Reference Functions

Syntax

=COLUMN(reference)

Lookup & Reference Function Arguments

=ADDRESS(Row_num,Column_num,Abs_num, A1,Sheet_text)

=AREAS(reference)

=CHOOSE(index_num,value1,value2,...)

=COLUMNS(array)

=HLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array, row_index_num,range_lookup)

=HYPERLINK(link_location,friendly_name)

=INDEX(array,row_num,column_num)=INDEX(reference,row_num,column_num, area_num)

=INDIRECT(ref_text,a1)

=LOOKUP(lookup_value,lookup_vector, result_vector)=LOOKUP(lookup_value,array)

=MATCH(lookup_value,lookup_array, match_type)

=OFFSET(reference,rows,cols,height,width)

=ROW(reference)

=ROWS(array)

=RTD(ProgID,server,topic1,[topic2],...)

=TRANSPOSE(array)

=VLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array, col_index_num,range_lookup)

DescriptionA logical value that specifies the A1 (TRUE) or R1C1 (FALSE) reference style

Selects a range in reference from which to return the intersection of row_num and column_num

An array or array formula, or a reference to a range of cells

The column number in table_array from which the matching value must be returned

The number of columns, to the left (-) or right (+), that you want the upper-left cell of the result to refer to

Column number

The jump text or numeric value that is displayed in the cell

The height, in number of rows, that you want the returned reference to be. Height must be a positive number

The path and file name to the document to be opened as text

The value to be found

Refers to another workbook (an external reference),

A range that contains only one row or column. It must be the same size as lookup_vector

The row number in table_array from which the matching value will be returned

Row number

The number of rows, up (-) or down (+), that you want the upper-left cell to refer to

1 = Absolute; 2 = Abs Row / Rel Col; 3 = Rel Row / Abs Col; 4 = Relative


A contiguous range of cells containing possible lookup values. Lookup_array must be an array or an array

A range that contains only one row or one column. The values in lookup_vector can be text, numbers, or

The number -1, 0, or 1. Match_type specifies how Microsoft Excel matches lookup_value with values in

1 = (default) largest value less than or equal to look_up value; 0 = first value to exactly equal lookup value-1 = smallest value greater than or equal to look_value





A table of information in which data is looked up

First of up to 28 parameters that together represent a unique piece of real-time data

Second of up to 28 parameters that together represent a unique piece of real-time data

A numeric value


Text specifying the name of the worksheet to be used as the external reference. If sheet_text is omitted, no

The width, in number of columns, that you want the returned reference to be. Width must be a positive

Maths Functions

Name Source DescriptionABS Built In Returns the absolute value of a number

ACOS Built In Returns in radians the arccosine of a number

ACOSH Built In

ASIN Built In Returns in radians the arcsine of a number

ASINH Built In

ATAN Built In Returns in radians the arctangent of a number

ATAN2 Built In

ATANH Built In

CEILING Built In

Built In

COS Built In

COSH Built In Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number

COUNTIF* Built In

DEGREES Built In Converts radians to degrees

EVEN Built In

EXP Built In

FACT Built In Returns the factorial of a number

FACTDOUBLE Analysis ToolPak Returns the double factorial of a number

FLOOR Built In

GCD Analysis ToolPak

INT Built In

LCM Analysis ToolPak

LN Built In

LOG Built In

Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number

Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number

Returns in radians the arctangent from x and y coordinates

Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number

Rounds a number (away from zero) to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance

COMBIN++ Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects

Returns the cosine of a given angle given in radians

Counts the number of cells that meet the criteria specified in the argument

Rounds a number away from zero to the nearest even integer

Returns e (=2.71828182845904) raised to the power of a given number

Rounds a number down towards 0 to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance

Returns the greatest common divisor of 2 - 29 integers

Rounds a number away from 0 to the nearest integer

Returns the least common multiple of 1 - 29 integers

Returns the natural logarithm (base e = 2.71828182845904) of a number

Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base

LOG10 Built In Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number

MDETERM Built In Returns the matrix determinant of an array

MINVERSE Built In Returns the matrix inverse of an array

MMULT Built In Returns the matrix product of two arrays

MOD** Built In

MROUND Analysis ToolPak

MULTINOMIAL Analysis ToolPak

ODD Built In

PI Built In

POWER Built In

PRODUCT Built In Multiplies together 1 - 30 numbers

QUOTIENT Analysis ToolPak Returns the integer portion of a division

RADIANS Built In Converts degrees to radians

RAND Built In

RANDBETWEEN Analysis ToolPak

ROMAN Built In Converts an arabic number to Roman, as text

ROUND Built In

ROUNDDOWN Built In

ROUNDUP Built In

SERIESSUM Analysis ToolPak Returns the sum of a power series expansion

SIGN Built In

SIN Built In

Returns the remainder from division with the result having the same sign as the divisor

Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple. Midway points are rounded away from 0

Returns the ratio of the factorial of a sum of values to the product of factorials

Rounds a number away from 0 to the nearest odd integer

Returns the number 3.14159265358979, the mathematical constant pi, accurate to 15 digits

Returns the result of a number raised to a power

Returns an evenly distributed random number greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1

Returns a random number between (and inclusive of) two specified numbers

Rounds a number to a specified number of digits to the left (-) or right (+) of the decimal point. The midway digit 5 is rounded away from 0.

Rounds a number down towards 0 to a specified number of digits to the left (-) or right (+) of the decimal point

Round a number up away from 0 to a specified number of digits to the left (-) or right (+) of the decimal point

Returns 1 for positve numbers, 0 if the number is 0 and, -1 if the number is negative

Returns the sine of a given angle given in radians

SINH Built In Returns the hyperbolic sine of a given number

SQRT Built In Returns a positive square root

SQRTPI Analysis ToolPak

SUBTOTAL Built In Returns the sutotal in a list or database

SUM Built In Adds its arguments

SUMIF Built In Add the cells specified by a given criteria

SUMPRODUCT Built In

SUMSQ Built In

SUMX2MY2 Built In

SUMX2PY2 Built In

SUMXMY2 Built In

TAN Built In

TANH Built In Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number

TRUNC Built In

Notes:

Maths Function Arguments

Argument DescriptionAngle The angle in radians


Array_x The first array or range of values

Array_y The second array or range of values

Array1 (SUMPRODUCT) A cell range of values (up to 30 with SUMPRODUCT)

Returns the square root of a number multiplied by pi

Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components

Returns the sum of the squares of 1 - 30 numbers

Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays

Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays

Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two array

Returns the tangent of a given angle given in radians

Truncates a number to an integer or to specified precision by removing the fractional part of the number. (Serves to round down towards 0)

* See also COUNT, COUNTA and FREQUENCY (Statistical) and COUNTBLANK (Information) and DCOUNT and DCOUNTA (Database)

** The Excel MOD function uses a different definition of MOD to that used by VBA Mod function insofar as negative numbers are concerned.

++ See also PERMUT function (Statistical)

Array2 (SUMPRODUCT) A second cell range of values (up to 30 with SUMPRODUCT)

Array3,… A third cell range of values (up to 30 with SUMPRODUCT)

Base The base of the logarithm. If base is omitted, it is assumed to be 10

Bottom The smallest integer to be returned

Coefficients


Denominator The divisor

Divisor The number by which you want to divide number

Form

Function_num

M The step by which to increase n for each term in the series

Multiple The multiple to which you want to round number


Num_digits


Number_chosen The number of items


Number2,…

Numerator The dividend

Power The exponent to which the base number is raised

Range A range

Ref1 First of up to 29 ranges or references for which you want the subtotal

Ref2,… Second of up to 29 ranges or references for which you want the subtotal

Significance The multiple to which you want to round

Sum_range The actual cells to sum

Top The largest integer to be returned

A set of coefficients by which each successive power of x is multiplied. The number of values in coefficients determines the number of terms in the power series

A number specifying the type of roman numeral you want; 0 (Default) = Classic; 1-4 Progressively simplified; TRUE = Classic; FALSE = Most Simplified

The number 1 to 11 that specifies which function to use in calculating subtotals within a list: 1 = AVERAGE; 2 = COUNT; 3 = COUNTA; 4 = MAX; 5 = MIN; 6 = PRODUCT; 7 = STDEV; 8 = STDEVP; 9 = SUM; 10 = VAR; 11 = VARP

Specifies the number of digits to which you want to round number: 0 = Integer; -numbers = to left of decimal; +numbers = to right of decimal



X_num The x-coordinate of the point

Y_num The y-coordinate of the point

Maths Functions

Syntax=ABS(Number)

=ACOS(Number)

=ACOSH(Number)

=ASIN(Number)

=ASINH(Number)

=ATAN(Number)

=ATAN2(x_num,y_num)

=ATANH(Number)

=CEILING(number,significance)

=COMBIN(number,number_chosen)

=COS(Number)

=COSH(Number)

=COUNTIF(range,criteria)

=DEGREES(angle)

=EVEN(Number)

=EXP(Number)

=FACT(Number)

=FACTDOUBLE(number)

=FLOOR(number,significance)

=GCD(number1,number2, ...)

=INT(Number)

=LCM(number1,number2, ...)

=LN(Number)

=LOG(Number,base)

=PI()

=RAND()

=LOG10(Number)

=MDETERM(array)

=MINVERSE(array)

=MMULT(array1,array2)

=MOD(number,divisor)

=MROUND(number,multiple)

=MULTINOMIAL(number1,number2, ...)

=ODD(number)

=POWER(number,power)

=PRODUCT(number1,number2, ...)

=QUOTIENT(numerator,denominator)

=RADIANS(angle)

=RANDBETWEEN(bottom,top)

=ROMAN(number,form)

=ROUND(number,num_digits)

=ROUNDDOWN(number,num_digits)

=ROUNDUP(number,num_digits)

=SERIESSUM(x,n,m,coefficients)

=SIGN(number)

=SIN(number)

Maths Function Arguments

DescriptionThe angle in radians


The first array or range of values

The second array or range of values

A cell range of values (up to 30 with SUMPRODUCT)

=SINH(number)

=SQRT(number)

=SQRTPI(number)

=SUBTOTAL(function_num,ref1,ref2,...)

=SUM(number1,number2, ...)

=SUMIF(range,criteria,sum_range)

=SUMPRODUCT(array1,array2,array3, ...)

=SUMSQ(number1,number2, ...)

=SUMX2MY2(array_x,array_y)

=SUMX2PY2(array_x,array_y)

=SUMXMY2(array_x,array_y)

=TAN(number)

=TANH(number)

=TRUNC(number,num_digits)

* See also COUNT, COUNTA and FREQUENCY (Statistical) and COUNTBLANK (Information) and DCOUNT and DCOUNTA

** The Excel MOD function uses a different definition of MOD to that used by VBA Mod function insofar as negative numbers are

A second cell range of values (up to 30 with SUMPRODUCT)

A third cell range of values (up to 30 with SUMPRODUCT)

The base of the logarithm. If base is omitted, it is assumed to be 10

The smallest integer to be returned


The divisor

The number by which you want to divide number

The step by which to increase n for each term in the series

The multiple to which you want to round number



The number of items

The first number

The dividend

The exponent to which the base number is raised

A range

First of up to 29 ranges or references for which you want the subtotal

Second of up to 29 ranges or references for which you want the subtotal

The multiple to which you want to round

The actual cells to sum

The largest integer to be returned



The number 1 to 11 that specifies which function to use in calculating subtotals within a list: 1 = AVERAGE; 2 = COUNT; 3 = COUNTA; 4 = MAX; 5 = MIN; 6 = PRODUCT; 7 = STDEV; 8 = STDEVP; 9 = SUM; 10 = VAR;

Specifies the number of digits to which you want to round number: 0 = Integer; -numbers = to left of decimal;



The x-coordinate of the point

The y-coordinate of the point

Statistical Functions

Name Source DescriptionAVEDEV Built In

AVERAGE Built In

AVERAGEA Built In

BETADIST Built In

BETAINV Built In

BINOMDIST Built In

CHIDIST Built In

CHIINV Built In

CHITEST Built In

CONFIDENCE Built In

CORREL Built In

COUNT* Built In

COUNTA* Built In

COVAR Built In

CRITBINOM Built In

DEVSQ Built In

EXPONDIST Built In Returns the exponential distribution

FDIST Built In Returns the F probability distribution

FINV Built In

FISHER Built In Returns the Fisher transformation at x

FISHERINV Built In

FORECAST Built In

Returns the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean

Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of up to 30 numeric arguments

Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of its arguments and includes evaluation of text and logical arguments

Returns the cumulative beta probability density function

Returns the inverse of the cumulative beta probability density function

Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability

Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

Returns the value from the chi-squared (γ2) distribution for the statistic and the appropriate degrees of freedom

Returns the confidence interval for a population mean

Returns the correlation coefficient between two arrays of data

Counts the number of cells that contain numbers and also numbers within the list of arguments

Counts the number of non-empty cells and the values within the list of arguments

Returns covariance; the average of the products of deviations for each data point pair

Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value

Returns the sum of the squares of the deviations from the sample mean

Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution

Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation

Calculates a predicted value of y for a given x value based on known values for x and y

FREQUENCY* Built In

FTEST Built In

GAMMADIST Built In Returns the gamma distribution

GAMMAINV Built In Returns the inverse of the gamma distribution

GAMMALN Built In

GEOMEAN Built In

GROWTH Built In

HARMEAN Built In

HYPGEOMDIST Built In

INTERCEPT Built In

KURT Built In

LARGE Built In

LINEST Built In

LOGEST Built In

LOGINV Built In

LOGNORMDIST Built In

MAX Built In

Counts how often values occur within given ranges of values and returns those counts as a vertical array of numbers

Returns the result of an F-test; the one-tailed probability that the variances in array1 and array2 are not significantly different

Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function Γ(x).

Returns the geometric mean of an array or range of positive data

Calculates predicted exponential growth and returns the y-values for a series of specified new x-values by using known x-values and y-values

Returns the harmonic mean of a data set by calculating the reciprocal of the arithmetic mean of reciprocals

Returns the hypergeometric distribution by calculating the probability of a given number of sample successes, given the sample size, population successes, and population size

Calculates from given x and y values the point at which a line will intersect the y-axis

Returns the kurtosis of a data set; a measure that compares the relative peakedness or flatness of a distribution compared with the normal distribution

Returns the kth largest value in a data set

Entered as an array formula, LINEST returns an array that describes a line of best fit by using the least squares method

Entered as an array formula, LOGEST calculates an exponential curve that fits known data and returns an array of values that describes that curve

Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution function of x, where ln(x) is normally distributed with given probability, mean, and standard deviation

Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution of x, where ln(x) is normally distributed with known mean and standard deviation

Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments ignoring logical values and text

MAXA Built In

MEDIAN Built In Returns the median of the given numbers

MIN Built In

MINA Built In

MODE Built In Returns the most common value in a data set

NEGBINOMDIST Built In

NORMDIST Built In

NORMINV Built In

NORMSDIST Built In

NORMSINV Built In

PEARSON Built In

PERCENTILE Built In

PERCENTRANK Built In

PERMUT** Built In

POISSON Built In Returns the Poisson distribution

PROB Built In

QUARTILE Built In Returns the quartile of a data set

RANK Built In

RSQ Built In

SKEW Built In Returns the skewness of a distribution

Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments including logical values and text

Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments ignoring logical values and text

Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments including logical values and text

Returns the negative binomial distribution; the probability that there will be number_f failures before the number_s-th success, when the constant probability of a success is probability_s

Returns the cumulative distribution function or probability mass function for the value x with specified mean and standard deviation

Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution for the specified probability, mean, and standard deviation

Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution function. The distribution has a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1

Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution

Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient

Returns the kth percentile of values in a range

Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set

Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects that can be selected from a number of objects without replacement

Returns either the probability that values in a range are between two limits or if upper_limit is not specified, the probability that values in x_range are equal to lower_limit

Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers

Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient through data points in known_y's and known_x's

SLOPE Built In

SMALL Built In

STANDARDIZE Built In

STDEV Built In

STDEVA Built In

STDEVP Built In

STDEVPA Built In

STEYX Built In

TDIST Built In

TINV Built In

TREND Built In

TRIMMEAN Built In

TTEST Built In

VAR Built In

VARA Built In

VARP Built In

VARPA Built In

WEIBULL Built In Returns the Weibull distribution

ZTEST Built In Returns the two-tailed P-value of a z-test

Notes: * See also COUNTIF (Maths) and COUNTBLANK (Information) and DCOUNT and DCOUNTA (Database)

** See also COMBIN function (Maths)

Returns the slope (vertical distance / horizontal distance) of the linear regression line through data points in known_y's and known_x's

Returns the kth smallest value in a data set

Returns a normalized value from a distribution with known mean and standard_dev

Estimates standard distribution based on a sample ignoring text and logical values

Estimates standard deviation based on a sample including text and logical values

Calculates standard distribution based on the entire population ignoring text and logical valuesCalculates standard deviation based on the entire population including text and logical valuesReturns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression

Returns the probability for the Student t-distribution where a numeric value (x) is a calculated value of t for which the probability is to be computed

Returns the t-value of the Student's t-distribution based on given probability and degrees of freedom

Entered as an array formula, TREND fits a straight line using the least squares method to arrays of known_y's and known_x's and returns the y-values along that line for the array of specified new_x's

Calculates the mean by excluding a specified percentage of data points from the top and bottom tails of a data set

Returns the probability associated with a student's t-test

Estimates variance based on a sample ignoring logical values and text

Estimates variance based on a sample including text and logical values

Calculates variance based on the entire population ignoring text and logical values

Calculates variance based on the entire population including text and logical values

Statistical Function Arguments

Argument DescriptionA An optional lower bound to the interval of x

Actual_range The range of data that contains observations to test against expected values

Alpha A parameter of a distribution


Array1 (PEARSON function) A set of independent values

Array2 (PEARSON function) A set of dependent values

B An optional lower bound to the interval of y

Beta A parameter of a distribution

Bins_array An array of or reference to intervals into which you want to group the values

Const


Cumulative A logical value that determines the form of the function

Data_array An array of or reference to a set of values

Degrees_freedom The number of degrees of freedom

Degrees_freedom1 The numerator degrees of freedom

Degrees_freedom2 The denominator degrees of freedom

Expected_range The range of data that contains the ratio of the product of row totals and column totals to the grand total

K Is the position in the array or cell range of data to return

Known_x's The independent array or range of data

Known_y's The dependent array or range of data

Lambda The parameter value


Mean The arithmetic mean

The mean of ln(x).

A logical value specifying whether to force the constant b to equal 1:TRUE or omitted, b is calculated normally; FALSE, b is set equal to 1 and the m-values are adjusted so that y = m^x

Mean (LOGNORMDIST and LOGINV)

New_x's new x-values for which you want GROWTH to return corresponding y-values


Number_population The population size

Number_s The number of successes in trials

Number_sample The size of the sample


Number2,…

Order A number specifying how to rank number; 0 or omitted = descending; non-zero = ascending

Percent The fractional number of data points to exclude from the calculation

Population_s The number of successes in the population

Prob_range A set of probabilities associated with values in x_range

Probability A probability associated with the distribution

Probability_s The probability of success on each trial

Quart

Range A range

Ref An array of, or a reference to, a list of numbers

Sample_s The number of successes in the sample

Sigma The population (known) standard deviation. If omitted, the sample standard deviation is used


Size The sample size

Standard_dev The population standard deviation for the data range

The standard deviation of ln(x).

Stats A logical value specifying whether to return additional regression statistics TRUE returns additional statistics

Tails

Trials The number of independent trials

Type (TTEST function)



Indicates which value to return: 0 = minimum value; 1 = 1st Quartile (25th Percentile); 2 = 2nd Quartile; 3 = 3rd Quartile; 4 = Maximum value

Standard_dev (LOGNORMDIST and LOGINV)

Specifies the number of distribution tails to return. If tails = 1, TDIST returns the one-tailed distribution. If tails = 2, TDIST returns the two-tailed distribution

The kind of t-Test to perform; 1 = Paired; 2 = Two-sample equal variance (homoscedastic); 3 = Two-sample unequal variance (heteroscedastic)




X_range The range of numeric values of x with which there are associated probabilities

Z The value for which you want the distribution

Statistical Functions

Syntax=AVEDEV(Number1,Number2,…)

=AVERAGE(Number1,Number2,…)

=AVERAGEA(Value1,Value2,…)

=BETADIST(x,alpha,beta,A,B)

=BETAINV(probability,alpha,beta,A,B)

=BINOMDIST(number_s,trials,probability_s, cumulative)

=CHIDIST(x,degrees_freedom)

=CHIINV(probability,degrees_freedom)

=CHITEST(actual_range,expected_range)

=CONFIDENCE(alpha,standard_dev,size)

=CORREL(array1,array2)

=COUNT(value1,value2, ...)

=COUNTA(value1,value2, ...)

=COVAR(array1,array2)

=CRITBINOM(trials,probability_s,alpha)

=DEVSQ(number1,number2,...)

=EXPONDIST(x,lambda,cumulative)

=FDIST(x,degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2)

=FINV(probability,degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2)

=FISHER(x)

=FISHERINV(y)

=FORECAST(x,known_y's,known_x's)

=FREQUENCY(data_array,bins_array)

=FTEST(array1,array2)

=GAMMADIST(x,alpha,beta,cumulative)

=GAMMAINV(probability,alpha,beta)

=GAMMALN(x)

=GEOMEAN(number1,number2, ...)

=GROWTH(known_y's,known_x's,new_x's,const)

=HARMEAN(number1,number2, ...)

=HYPGEOMDIST(sample_s,number_sample, population_s,number_population)

=INTERCEPT(known_y's,known_x's)

=KURT(number1,number2, ...)

=LARGE(array,k)

=LINEST(known_y's,known_x's,const,stats)

=LOGEST(known_y's,known_x's,const,stats)

=LOGINV(probability,mean,standard_dev)

=LOGNORMDIST(x,mean,standard_dev)

=MAX(number1,number2,...)

=MAXA(value1,value2,...)

=MEDIAN(number1,number2, ...)

=MIN(number1,number2,...)

=MINA(value1,value2,...)

=MODE(number1,number2,...)

=NEGBINOMDIST(number_f,number_s, probability_s)

=NORMDIST(x,mean,standard_dev,cumulative)

=NORMINV(probability,mean,standard_dev)

=NORMSDIST(z)

=NORMSINV(probability)

=PEARSON(array1,array2)

=PERCENTILE(array,k)

=PERCENTRANK(array,x,significance)

=PERMUT(number,number_chosen)

=POISSON(x,mean,cumulative)

=PROB(x_range,prob_range,lower_limit, upper_limit)

=QUARTILE(array,quart)

=RANK(number,ref,order)

=RSQ(known_y's,known_x's)

=SKEW(number1,number2,...)

* See also COUNTIF (Maths) and COUNTBLANK (Information) and DCOUNT and DCOUNTA (Database)

** See also COMBIN function (Maths)

=SLOPE(known_y's,known_x's)

=SMALL(array,k)

=STANDARDIZE(x,mean,standard_dev)

=STDEV(number1,number2,...)

=STDEVA(value1,value2,...)

=STDEVP(number1,number2,...)

=STDEVPA(value1,value2,...)

=STEYX(known_y's,known_x's)

=TDIST(x,degrees_freedom,tails)

=TINV(probability,degrees_freedom)

=TREND(known_y's,known_x's,new_x's,const)

=TRIMMEAN(array,percent)

=TTEST(array1,array2,tails,type)

=VAR(number1,number2,...)

=VARA(value1,value2,...)

=VARP(number1,number2,...)

=VARPA(value1,value2,...)

=WEIBULL(x,alpha,beta,cumulative)

=ZTEST(array,x,sigma)

Statistical Function Arguments

DescriptionAn optional lower bound to the interval of x

The range of data that contains observations to test against expected values

A parameter of a distribution


A set of independent values

A set of dependent values

An optional lower bound to the interval of y


An array of or reference to intervals into which you want to group the values


A logical value that determines the form of the function

An array of or reference to a set of values

The number of degrees of freedom

The numerator degrees of freedom

The denominator degrees of freedom

The range of data that contains the ratio of the product of row totals and column totals to the grand total

Is the position in the array or cell range of data to return

The independent array or range of data

The dependent array or range of data

The parameter value


The arithmetic mean

A logical value specifying whether to force the constant b to equal 1:TRUE or omitted, b is calculated normally; FALSE, b is set equal to 1 and the m-values are adjusted so that y

new x-values for which you want GROWTH to return corresponding y-values

The number of items

The population size

The number of successes in trials

The size of the sample

The first number

A number specifying how to rank number; 0 or omitted = descending; non-zero = ascending

The fractional number of data points to exclude from the calculation

The number of successes in the population

A set of probabilities associated with values in x_range

A probability associated with the distribution

The probability of success on each trial

A range

An array of, or a reference to, a list of numbers

The number of successes in the sample

The population (known) standard deviation. If omitted, the sample standard deviation is used


The sample size

The population standard deviation for the data range

A logical value specifying whether to return additional regression statistics TRUE returns additional statistics

The number of independent trials






A numeric value



The range of numeric values of x with which there are associated probabilities

The value for which you want the distribution

Text FunctionsName Source DescriptionASC Built In

BAHTTEXT Built In

CHAR Built In

CLEAN Built In Removes all nonprintable characters from text

CODE Built In

CONCATENATE Built In Joins several text items into one text item

DOLLAR Built In

EXACT Built In

FIND Built In

FINDB Built In

FIXED Built In

JIS Built In

LEFT Built In

LEFTB Built In

LEN Built In

LENB Built In

LOWER Built In Converts text to lowercase

MID Built In

MIDB Built In

PHONETIC Built In

PROPER Built In

REPLACE Built In Replaces characters within text

Changes full-width (double-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to half-width (single-byte) characters

Converts a number to Thai text and adds a suffix of "Baht"

Returns the ANSI character set (Microsoft) or Macintosh character set (Macintosh) specified by the code number

Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string

Converts a number to text, using currency format

Checks to see whether two text values are identical

Finds one text value within another (case sensitive)

Finds one text value within another (case sensitive) based on the number of bytes each character uses.

Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals

Changes half-width (single-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to full-width (double-byte) characters.

Returns the left most characters from a text value

Returns the first character or characters in a text string, based on the number of bytes you specify.

Returns the number of characters in a text string

Returns the number of bytes used to represent the characters in a text string

Returns a specific number of characters from a string starting at a specified position

Returns a specific number of characters from a text string, starting at the position you specify, based on the number of bytes specified

Extracts the phonetic (furigana) characters from a text string

Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value

REPLACEB Built In

REPT Built In Repeats text a given number of times

RIGHT Built In

RIGHTB Built In

SEARCH Built In

SEARCHB Built In

SUBSTITUTE Built In Substitutes new text for old text in a text string

T Built In Converts its arguments to text

TEXT Built In Formats a number and converts it to text

TRIM Built In

UPPER Built In Converts text to uppercase

VALUE Built In Converts a text argument to a number

YEN Built In

Text Function Arguments

Argument DescriptionDecimals

Find_text The text you want to find

Format_text A number format in text form from in the Category box on the Number tab in the Format Cells dialog box

Instance_num

New_text The text that will replace characters in old_text

No_commas A logical value that, if TRUE, prevents FIXED from including commas in the returned text

Num_bytes The number of bytes you want to extract

Replaces part of a text string, based on the number of bytes you specify, with a different text string.

Returns the rightmost characters from a text value

Returns the last character or characters in a text string, based on the number of bytes you specify

Finds one text value within another (not case sensitive) and returns the number of the starting position

Finds one text string (find_text) within another text string (within_text), and returns the number of the starting position of find_text. The result is based on the number of bytes each character uses, beginning with start_num

Removes all spaces from text except single spaces between words

Converts a number to text, using the ¥ (yen) currency format, with the number rounded to a specified place

The number of digits to the right of the decimal point. If decimals is negative, number is rounded to the left of the decimal point. If you omit decimals, it is assumed to be 2

Specifies which occurrence of old_text you want to replace with new_text. If you specify instance_num, only that instance of old_text is replaced. Otherwise, every occurrence of old_text in text is changed to new_text

Num_chars The number of characters you want to extract


Number_times A positive number specifying the number of times to repeat text

Old_text Text in which you want to replace some characters

Reference

Start_num The character at which to start the search

Text Text or a reference to a cell that contains the text you want to change

Text1 First item of text

Text2 Second item of text

Text2,… Second of up to 30 items of text

Value A value or an expression that evaluates to a value

Within_text The text containing the text you want to find


Text FunctionsSyntax

=BAHTTEXT(number)

=ASC(Text)

=CHAR(Number)

=CLEAN(text)

=CODE(text)

=CONCATENATE (text1,text2,...)

=DOLLAR(number,decimals)

=EXACT(text1,text2)

=FIND(find_text,within_text,start_num)

=FINDB(find_text,within_text,start_num)

=FIXED(number,decimals,no_commas)

=JIS(text)

=LEFT(text,num_chars)

=LEFTB(text,num_bytes)

=LEN(text)

=LENB(text)

=LOWER(text)

=MID(text,start_num,num_chars)

=MIDB(text,start_num,num_bytes)

=PHONETIC(reference)

=PROPER(text)

=REPLACE(old_text,start_num,num_chars, new_text)

Text Function Arguments

Description

The text you want to find

A number format in text form from in the Category box on the Number tab in the Format Cells dialog box

The text that will replace characters in old_text

A logical value that, if TRUE, prevents FIXED from including commas in the returned text

The number of bytes you want to extract

=REPLACEB(old_text,start_num,num_bytes, new_text)

=REPT(text,number_times)

=RIGHT(text,num_chars)

=RIGHTB(text,num_bytes)

=SEARCH(find_text,within_text,start_num)

=SEARCHB(find_text,within_text,start_num)

=SUBSTITUTE(text,old_text,new_text, instance_num)

=T(value)

=TEXT(value,format_text)

=TRIM(text)

=UPPER(text)

=VALUE(text)

=YEN(number,decimals)



The number of characters you want to extract


A positive number specifying the number of times to repeat text

Text in which you want to replace some characters

The character at which to start the search

Text or a reference to a cell that contains the text you want to change

First item of text

Second item of text

Second of up to 30 items of text

A value or an expression that evaluates to a value

The text containing the text you want to find


COMPLETE LIST OF FUNCTION ARGUMENTS

Argument DescriptionA An optional lower bound to the interval of x

A1 A logical value that specifies the A1 (TRUE) or R1C1 (FALSE) reference style

Abs_num

Actual_range The range of data that contains observations to test against expected values

Alpha A parameter of a distribution

Angle The angle in radians

Area_num Selects a range in reference from which to return the intersection of row_num and column_num

Argument1,… The arguments to be passed to the procedure


Array_x The first array or range of values

Array_y The second array or range of values

Array1 (PEARSON function) A set of independent values

Array1 (SUMPRODUCT) A cell range of values (up to 30 with SUMPRODUCT)

Array2 (PEARSON function) A set of dependent values

Array2 (SUMPRODUCT) A second cell range of values (up to 30 with SUMPRODUCT)

Array3,… A third cell range of values (up to 30 with SUMPRODUCT)

B An optional lower bound to the interval of y

Base The base of the logarithm. If base is omitted, it is assumed to be 10

Basis(For Depreciation Functions)

Beta A parameter of a distribution

Bins_array An array of or reference to intervals into which you want to group the values

Bottom The smallest integer to be returned

The type of reference to return:1 = Absolute; 2 = Abs Row / Rel Col; 3 = Rel Row / Abs Col; 4 = Relative


The type of day count basis to use: 0 or omitted = US(NASD) 30/3601 = Actual / Actual; 2 = Actual / 360; 3 = Actual / 365; 4 = European 30/360

Basis(For YEARFRAC)

The type of day count basis to use: 0 or omitted = US(NASD) 30/360; 1 = Actual / Actual; 2 = Actual / 360;3 = Actual / 365; 4 = European 30/360

Year basis to be used:0 or omitted 360 (NASD); 1 = Actual; 2 = 365; 3 = 360 (European)

Coefficients

Col_index_num The column number in table_array from which the matching value must be returned

Col_names_logical

Cols The number of columns, to the left (-) or right (+), that you want the upper-left cell of the result to refer to

Column_num Column number

Connection_string

Const

Cost Cost of the asset

Coupon The security's annual coupon rate


Cumulative A logical value that determines the form of the function

Data_array An array of or reference to a set of values

Data_field The name, enclosed in quotation marks, for the data field that contains the data

Database The range of cells that makes up the list or database

Date_purchased

Date_text

Dates

Day

Days

Decimal_Dollar A decimal number

Decimals

Degrees_freedom The number of degrees of freedom

Degrees_freedom1 The numerator degrees of freedom

Degrees_freedom2 The denominator degrees of freedom

Denominator The divisor




A logical value specifying whether to force the constant b to equal 1:TRUE or omitted, b is calculated normallyFALSE, b is set equal to 1 and the m-values are adjusted so that y = m^x



A schedule of payment dates that corresponds to the cash flow payments. The first payment date indicates the beginning of the schedule of payments. All other dates must be later than this date, but they may occur in any order

A number representing the day of the month. If day is greater than the number of days in the month specified, day aggregates the month and year arguments appropriately and day represents the balance after this aggregation



Discount The security's discount rate

Divisor The number by which you want to divide number

Driver_prompt Specifies when the driver dialog box is displayed and which options are available

Effect_rate The effective interest rate

End_Date The last date as an acceptable date in inverted commas or as a serial number

End_Period Last period number

Error_val

Expected_range The range of data that contains the ratio of the product of row totals and column totals to the grand total

Factor

Field Indicates which column is used in the function as text in inverted commas or as number of field

Field1, Item1 One of up to 14 pairs of field names and item names that describe the data

Field2, Item2,… Second of up to 14 pairs of field names and item names that describe the data

File_text The name of the file that contains the code resource in Microsoft Excel for the Macintosh

Finance_rate The interest rate you pay on the money used in the cash flows

Find_Text The text you want to find

First_coupon The security's first coupon date

First_Interest

First_Period

Form

Format_text A number format in text form from in the Category box on the Number tab in the Format Cells dialog box

Fraction The integer to use in the denominator of the fraction

Fractional_Dollar A number expressed as a fraction

Frequency The number of coupon payments per year for a security.

Friendly_name The jump text or numeric value that is displayed in the cell

From_unit(1) A unit of measurement:

The error value whose identifying number you want:1 = #Null!; 2 = #Div/0!; 3 = #Value!; 4 = #Ref!; 5 = #Name?; 6 = #N/A

The rate at which the balance declines. If factor is omitted, it is assumed to be 2 (the double-declining balance method)




From_unit(2)

From_unit(3)

Full_precision A logical value; FALSE = currency specific rounding rules, TRUE = full precision

Function_num

FV Future Value

Guess A number that you guess is close to the result of IRR

Height The height, in number of rows, that you want the returned reference to be. Height must be a positive number

Holidays

Hour

I_num Imaginary coefficient of the complex number

I_number A complex number

Index_num

Info_type

Instance_num



The number 1 to 11 that specifies which function to use in calculating subtotals within a list:1 = AVERAGE; 2 = COUNT; 3 = COUNTA; 4 = MAX; 5 = MIN; 6 = PRODUCT; 7 = STDEV; 8 = STDEVP; 9 = SUM; 10 = VAR; 11 = VARP






Inumber A complex number

INumber1 First Complex number

INumber2 Second Complex

INumber2… The second of 1-29 complex numbers

Investment The amount invested in the security

Issue

Item1 One of up to 14 pairs of field names and item names that describe the data

Item2,… Second of up to 14 pairs of field names and item names that describe the data

K Is the position in the array or cell range of data to return

Known_x's The independent array or range of data

Known_y's The dependent array or range of data

Lambda The parameter value

Last_interest The security's last coupon date

Life

Link_location The path and file name to the document to be opened as text

Logical A value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE

Logical_test Any value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE

Logical1

Logical2,… Second of up to 30 conditions you want to test that can be either TRUE or FALSE

Lookup_array

Lookup_value The value to be found

Lookup_vector


M The step by which to increase n for each term in the series

Match_type

Maturity The security's maturity date

Mean The arithmetic mean

A security's issue date entered as an acceptable date in quotation marks or as a serial number or function returning a date serial number

The number of periods over which the asset is being depreciated (sometimes called the useful life of the asset)

Condition to be tested. Argument must evaluate to a logical value or be arrays or references that contain logical values

A contiguous range of cells containing possible lookup values. Lookup_array must be an array or an array reference

A range that contains only one row or one column. The values in lookup_vector can be text, numbers, or logical values

The number -1, 0, or 1. Match_type specifies how Microsoft Excel matches lookup_value with values in lookup_array:1 = (default) largest value less than or equal to look_up value

The mean of ln(x).

Method FALSE or omitted = US (NASD) 30/360 method; TRUE = European 30/360 method

Minute

Module_text


Month (For DATE function)


Months The number of months before or after start_date

Multiple The multiple to which you want to round number


New_text The text that will replace characters in old_text

New_x's new x-values for which you want GROWTH to return corresponding y-values

No_commas A logical value that, if TRUE, prevents FIXED from including commas in the returned text

No_switch

Nominal_rate The nominal interest rate

Nper The number of periods

Npery The number of compounding periods per year

Num_bytes The number of bytes you want to extract

Num_chars The number of characters you want to extract

Num_digits



Number_f The number of failures

Number_population The population size

Number_s The number of successes in trials

Mean (LOGNORMDIST and LOGINV)

A number from 0 to 32767 representing the minute. Any value greater than 59 will be converted to hours and minutes

Quoted text specifying the name of the dynamic link library (DLL) that contains the procedure in Microsoft Excel for Windows



Specifies the number of digits to which you want to round number: 0 = Integer; -numbers = to left of decimal; +numbers = to right of decimal

Number_sample The size of the sample

Number_times A positive number specifying the number of times to repeat text


Number2 The second number

Number2,…

Numerator The dividend

Old_text Text in which you want to replace some characters

Order A number specifying how to rank number; 0 or omitted = descending; non-zero = ascending

Output_ref A cell reference where you want the completed connection string placed

Par A security's par value. (Default = $1,000)

Per The period for which you want to find the interest

Percent The fractional number of data points to exclude from the calculation

Period The number of the accounting period

Pivot_table A reference to any cell, range of cells, or named range of cells in a PivotTable report

Places

Pmt The payment made each period

Population_s The number of successes in the population

Power The exponent to which the base number is raised

Pr The security's price per $100 face value

Principal The present value

Prob_range A set of probabilities associated with values in x_range

Probability A probability associated with the distribution

Probability_s The probability of success on each trial

Procedure

ProgID

PV The Present Value

Quart


The number of characters to use. If places is omitted, Excel uses the minimum number of characters necessary




Query_text The SQL statement that you want to execute on the data source

Range A range

Range_lookup



The discount rate


Real_num The real coefficient of the complex number

Redemption The security's redemption value per $100 face value

Ref An array of, or a reference to, a list of numbers

Ref_text Refers to another workbook (an external reference),

Ref1 First of up to 29 ranges or references for which you want the subtotal

Ref2,… Second of up to 29 ranges or references for which you want the subtotal

Reference

Register_id The value returned by a previously executed REGISTER or REGISTER.ID function

Reinjvest_rate The interest rate you receive on the cash flows as you reinvest them

Resource

Result_vector A range that contains only one row or column. It must be the same size as lookup_vector

Row_index_num The row number in table_array from which the matching value will be returned

Row_num Row number

Rows The number of rows, up (-) or down (+), that you want the upper-left cell to refer to

Salvage Salvage value at the end of the life of the asset

Sample_s The number of successes in the sample

Schedule An array of interest rates to apply


Rate(For amortization functions)

Rate(For Depreciation Functions)

Rate(For NPV and XNPV)

Rate(For Securities Functions)



Return_type(WEEKDAY only)

A number that determines the type of return value: 1 (or omitted) 1 = Sunday; 2 = 1 = Monday; 3 = 0 = Monday

Return_type(WEEKNUM only)

A number that determines on which day the week begins; 1 (or omitted) = starts Sunday nums 1 to 7; 2 = starts Monday nums 1 to 7

Second

Serial_num

Serial_Number

Server

Settlement

Sheet_text

Sigma The population (known) standard deviation. If omitted, the sample standard deviation is used


Size The sample size

Source

Standard_dev The population standard deviation for the data range


Start_date The first date as an acceptable date in inverted commas or as a serial number

Start_num The character at which to start the search

Start_Period First period number

Stats A logical value specifying whether to return additional regression statistics TRUE returns additional statistics

Step The threshold value. If you omit a value for step, GESTEP uses zero

Suffix The suffix for the imaginary component of the complex number. If omitted, suffix is assumed to be "i"

Sum_range The actual cells to sum

Table_array A table of information in which data is looked up

Tails

A number from 0 to 32767 representing the second. Any value greater than 59 will be converted to hours, minutes, and seconds


A date / time serial number. Dates should be entered by using the DATE function, or as results of other formulas or functions


A security's settlement date, which is the date after the issue date when the security is traded to the buyer. Entered as an acceptable date in quotation marks or as a serial number or function returning a date serial number

Text specifying the name of the worksheet to be used as the external reference. If sheet_text is omitted, no sheet name is used


Standard_dev (LOGNORMDIST and LOGINV)


Target

Text Text or a reference to a cell that contains the text you want to change

Text1 First item of text

Text2 Second item of text

Text2,… Second of up to 30 items of text

Time_text A text string enclosed in quotation marks that represents a time in any one of the Excel time formats

To_unit(1) A unit of measurement

To_unit(2)

To_unit(3)

Top The largest integer to be returned

Topic1 First of up to 28 parameters that together represent a unique piece of real-time data

Topic2,… Second of up to 28 parameters that together represent a unique piece of real-time data

Trials The number of independent trials

Triangulation_precision

Type (Amortization functions) 0 = Payment in arrears; 1 = payment in advance

Type (TTEST function)

Type_text (CALL function)




An integer equal to or greater than 3 that specifies the number of significant digits to be used for the intermediate euro value when converting between two euro member currencies


Text specifying the data type of the return value and the data types of all arguments to the DLL or code resource

Type_text (INFO function)

Unit


Value A value or an expression that evaluates to a value

Value_If_False The value that is returned if logical_test is FALSE

Value_If_True The value that is returned if logical_test is TRUE



Values An array or a reference to cells that contain numbers

Values (IRR and MIRR)

Values (XIRR and XNPV)

Width

Within_Text The text containing the text you want to find


x_Num The x-coordinate of the point

X_range The range of numeric values of x with which there are associated probabilities

y_Num The y-coordinate of the point

Year The year number as one to four digits

Yld The security's annual yield

Z The value for which you want the distribution

Text that specifies what type of information you want returned:"directory" = Path of current directory of folder;"memavail" = Amount of currently available memory in bytes;"memused" = Amount of memory being used for data;"numfile" = number of active worksheets in open workbooks;"origin" = cell reference of top leftmost cell visible in window, based on current scrolling position;"osversion" = current operating system version, as text;"recalc" = current recalculation mode;"release" = version of Excel;"system" = name of the operating environment (Mac or pcdos);"totmem" = total memory available

"y" = years; "m" = months; "d" = days; "md" = days ignoring months and years; "ym" = years and months; "yd" = years and days

An array or a reference to cells that contain numbers for which you want to calculate the internal rate of return. Values must contain at least one positive value and one negative value to calculate the internal rate of return. If an array or reference argument contains text, logical values, or empty cells, those values are ignored.


The width, in number of columns, that you want the returned reference to be. Width must be a positive number

COMPLETE LIST OF FUNCTION ARGUMENTS

DescriptionAn optional lower bound to the interval of x

A logical value that specifies the A1 (TRUE) or R1C1 (FALSE) reference style

The range of data that contains observations to test against expected values


The angle in radians

Selects a range in reference from which to return the intersection of row_num and column_num

The arguments to be passed to the procedure


The first array or range of values

The second array or range of values

A set of independent values

A cell range of values (up to 30 with SUMPRODUCT)

A set of dependent values

A second cell range of values (up to 30 with SUMPRODUCT)

A third cell range of values (up to 30 with SUMPRODUCT)

An optional lower bound to the interval of y

The base of the logarithm. If base is omitted, it is assumed to be 10


An array of or reference to intervals into which you want to group the values

The smallest integer to be returned

1 = Absolute; 2 = Abs Row / Rel Col; 3 = Rel Row / Abs Col; 4 = Relative

The type of day count basis to use: 0 or omitted = US(NASD) 30/3601 = Actual / Actual; 2 = Actual / 360; 3 = Actual / 365; 4 = European 30/360

The type of day count basis to use: 0 or omitted = US(NASD) 30/360; 1 = Actual / Actual; 2 = Actual / 360;3 = Actual / 365; 4 = European 30/360

0 or omitted 360 (NASD); 1 = Actual; 2 = 365; 3 = 360 (European)

The column number in table_array from which the matching value must be returned

The number of columns, to the left (-) or right (+), that you want the upper-left cell of the result to refer to

Column number

Cost of the asset

The security's annual coupon rate


A logical value that determines the form of the function

An array of or reference to a set of values

The name, enclosed in quotation marks, for the data field that contains the data

The range of cells that makes up the list or database

A decimal number

The number of degrees of freedom

The numerator degrees of freedom

The denominator degrees of freedom

The divisor




A logical value specifying whether to force the constant b to equal 1:TRUE or omitted, b is calculated normallyFALSE, b is set equal to 1 and the m-values are adjusted so that y = m^x



A schedule of payment dates that corresponds to the cash flow payments. The first payment date indicates the beginning of the schedule of payments. All other dates must be later than this date, but they may occur in

A number representing the day of the month. If day is greater than the number of days in the month specified, day aggregates the month and year arguments appropriately and day represents the balance after this



The security's discount rate

The number by which you want to divide number

Specifies when the driver dialog box is displayed and which options are available

The effective interest rate

The last date as an acceptable date in inverted commas or as a serial number

Last period number

The range of data that contains the ratio of the product of row totals and column totals to the grand total

Indicates which column is used in the function as text in inverted commas or as number of field



The name of the file that contains the code resource in Microsoft Excel for the Macintosh

The interest rate you pay on the money used in the cash flows

The text you want to find

The security's first coupon date

A number format in text form from in the Category box on the Number tab in the Format Cells dialog box

The integer to use in the denominator of the fraction

A number expressed as a fraction

The number of coupon payments per year for a security.

The jump text or numeric value that is displayed in the cell

A unit of measurement:

The error value whose identifying number you want:1 = #Null!; 2 = #Div/0!; 3 = #Value!; 4 = #Ref!; 5 = #Name?; 6 = #N/A

The rate at which the balance declines. If factor is omitted, it is assumed to be 2 (the double-declining




A logical value; FALSE = currency specific rounding rules, TRUE = full precision

Future Value

A number that you guess is close to the result of IRR

The height, in number of rows, that you want the returned reference to be. Height must be a positive number

Imaginary coefficient of the complex number

A complex number









The number 1 to 11 that specifies which function to use in calculating subtotals within a list:1 = AVERAGE; 2 = COUNT; 3 = COUNTA; 4 = MAX; 5 = MIN; 6 = PRODUCT; 7 = STDEV; 8 = STDEVP; 9






A complex number

First Complex number

Second Complex

The second of 1-29 complex numbers

The amount invested in the security



Is the position in the array or cell range of data to return

The independent array or range of data

The dependent array or range of data

The parameter value

The security's last coupon date

The path and file name to the document to be opened as text

A value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE

Any value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE

Second of up to 30 conditions you want to test that can be either TRUE or FALSE

The value to be found


The step by which to increase n for each term in the series

The security's maturity date

The arithmetic mean

A security's issue date entered as an acceptable date in quotation marks or as a serial number or function

The number of periods over which the asset is being depreciated (sometimes called the useful life of the

Condition to be tested. Argument must evaluate to a logical value or be arrays or references that contain

A contiguous range of cells containing possible lookup values. Lookup_array must be an array or an array

A range that contains only one row or one column. The values in lookup_vector can be text, numbers, or

The number -1, 0, or 1. Match_type specifies how Microsoft Excel matches lookup_value with values in

1 = (default) largest value less than or equal to look_up value

The mean of ln(x).

FALSE or omitted = US (NASD) 30/360 method; TRUE = European 30/360 method



The number of months before or after start_date

The multiple to which you want to round number


The text that will replace characters in old_text

new x-values for which you want GROWTH to return corresponding y-values

A logical value that, if TRUE, prevents FIXED from including commas in the returned text

The nominal interest rate

The number of periods

The number of compounding periods per year

The number of bytes you want to extract

The number of characters you want to extract


The number of items

The number of failures

The population size

The number of successes in trials

A number from 0 to 32767 representing the minute. Any value greater than 59 will be converted to hours and

Quoted text specifying the name of the dynamic link library (DLL) that contains the procedure in Microsoft



Specifies the number of digits to which you want to round number: 0 = Integer; -numbers = to left of decimal;

The size of the sample

A positive number specifying the number of times to repeat text

The first number

The second number

The dividend

Text in which you want to replace some characters

A number specifying how to rank number; 0 or omitted = descending; non-zero = ascending

A cell reference where you want the completed connection string placed

A security's par value. (Default = $1,000)

The period for which you want to find the interest

The fractional number of data points to exclude from the calculation

The number of the accounting period

A reference to any cell, range of cells, or named range of cells in a PivotTable report

The payment made each period

The number of successes in the population

The exponent to which the base number is raised

The security's price per $100 face value

The present value

A set of probabilities associated with values in x_range

A probability associated with the distribution

The probability of success on each trial

The Present Value


The number of characters to use. If places is omitted, Excel uses the minimum number of characters




The SQL statement that you want to execute on the data source

A range



The discount rate


The real coefficient of the complex number

The security's redemption value per $100 face value

An array of, or a reference to, a list of numbers

Refers to another workbook (an external reference),

First of up to 29 ranges or references for which you want the subtotal

Second of up to 29 ranges or references for which you want the subtotal

The value returned by a previously executed REGISTER or REGISTER.ID function

The interest rate you receive on the cash flows as you reinvest them

A range that contains only one row or column. It must be the same size as lookup_vector

The row number in table_array from which the matching value will be returned

Row number

The number of rows, up (-) or down (+), that you want the upper-left cell to refer to

Salvage value at the end of the life of the asset

The number of successes in the sample

An array of interest rates to apply




A number that determines the type of return value: 1 (or omitted) 1 = Sunday; 2 = 1 = Monday; 3 = 0 =

A number that determines on which day the week begins; 1 (or omitted) = starts Sunday nums 1 to 7; 2 =

The population (known) standard deviation. If omitted, the sample standard deviation is used


The sample size

The population standard deviation for the data range


The first date as an acceptable date in inverted commas or as a serial number

The character at which to start the search

First period number

A logical value specifying whether to return additional regression statistics TRUE returns additional statistics

The threshold value. If you omit a value for step, GESTEP uses zero

The suffix for the imaginary component of the complex number. If omitted, suffix is assumed to be "i"

The actual cells to sum

A table of information in which data is looked up

A number from 0 to 32767 representing the second. Any value greater than 59 will be converted to hours,


A date / time serial number. Dates should be entered by using the DATE function, or as results of other


A security's settlement date, which is the date after the issue date when the security is traded to the buyer. Entered as an acceptable date in quotation marks or as a serial number or function returning a date serial

Text specifying the name of the worksheet to be used as the external reference. If sheet_text is omitted, no





Text or a reference to a cell that contains the text you want to change

First item of text

Second item of text

Second of up to 30 items of text

A text string enclosed in quotation marks that represents a time in any one of the Excel time formats

A unit of measurement

The largest integer to be returned

First of up to 28 parameters that together represent a unique piece of real-time data

Second of up to 28 parameters that together represent a unique piece of real-time data

The number of independent trials

0 = Payment in arrears; 1 = payment in advance












An integer equal to or greater than 3 that specifies the number of significant digits to be used for the intermediate euro value when converting between two euro member currencies


Text specifying the data type of the return value and the data types of all arguments to the DLL or code


A value or an expression that evaluates to a value

The value that is returned if logical_test is FALSE

The value that is returned if logical_test is TRUE

A numeric value


An array or a reference to cells that contain numbers

The text containing the text you want to find


The x-coordinate of the point

The range of numeric values of x with which there are associated probabilities

The y-coordinate of the point

The year number as one to four digits

The security's annual yield

The value for which you want the distribution

Text that specifies what type of information you want returned:"directory" = Path of current directory of folder;"memavail" = Amount of currently available memory in bytes;"memused" = Amount of memory being used for data;"numfile" = number of active worksheets in open workbooks;"origin" = cell reference of top leftmost cell visible in window, based on current scrolling position;"osversion" = current operating system version, as text;"recalc" = current recalculation mode;

"system" = name of the operating environment (Mac or pcdos);"totmem" = total memory available

"y" = years; "m" = months; "d" = days; "md" = days ignoring months and years; "ym" = years and months; "yd"

An array or a reference to cells that contain numbers for which you want to calculate the internal rate of return. Values must contain at least one positive value and one negative value to calculate the internal rate of return. If an array or reference argument contains text, logical values, or empty cells, those values are


The width, in number of columns, that you want the returned reference to be. Width must be a positive

Documents

Excel Function List