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Examples of Culture and Diffusion
Target 4.2 4.7
Terms/Concepts
• Examples of culture• Taboo
Review Folk Culture
• Characteristics of folk culture– Anonymous hearth(s)– Anonymous sources (originators)– Unknown dates– Diffuses slowly and on a small scale• Chiefly through migration
– Little change
Review Popular Culture
• Characteristics of popular culture– Found in large heterogeneous societies– Large territory as compared to folk
culture– Usually product of developed countries – Rapid diffusion facilitated by technology– Changes rapidly and frequently
Folk Music
• Folk music– Composed anonymously and
transmitted orally – Contents derived from daily life– Travels via relocation diffusion
Popular Music
• Popular music– Composed by specific individuals – Commercial purposes– Originated ~1800• Tin Pan Alley• Rise of recorded music
Sport
• Soccer’s folk culture origins• Soccer as popular culture• Surviving folk sports– Cricket– Ice hockey– Baseball– Football– Lacrosse
Housing / Architecture
• Folk culture traditions are reflected in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century US housing.
• Popular culture influences are seen in US housing built since 1940.
• Popular housing– Regional distinctiveness declines– Houses commercially constructed
Food
• Food and place: – Environment contributes to the
characteristic of food• Food taboos– Taboo• A restriction on behavior imposed by
social custom• Biblical taboos
Clothing
• Folk clothing traditions– Traditionally selected/designed to meet
agricultural practices and climatic conditions
– Diffusion via migration and technology has extended influence of some folk clothing
Clothing
• Clothing of popular culture– Generally reflects occupation– Diffusion via communications
technology has extended influence of popular clothing
Media
• Diffusion of TV– Developed in 1930s–WWII impeded diffusion
• Diffusion of the Internet–More rapid diffusion than TV
• Diffusion of Facebook– Founded in 2004
Art
Landscapes
• Popular culture can make significant alterations to the environment.
Folk vs. Popular
• Challenges to Folk Culture– Loss of traditional values– Imposition of popular culture through
diffusion of media• Challenges to popular culture– Uniformity: fast food– Uniformity: gas, food, and lodging– Diffusion in the global marketplace– Local cultures and globalization
Terms/Concepts
• Examples of culture• Taboo