Examination Malpractice in Senior Secondary Schools

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EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE IN SENIOR SECONDARY

SCHOOLS: A CASE STUDY OF SELECTED SENIOR

SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN UGHELLI NORTH OF DELTA

STATE

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ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research work is to find out the causes and

consequences of examination malpractice among students in

College of Education, Ekiadolor-Benin, using some selected

school in Ughelli North. Delta State as a case study. A total of

100 students and 40 lecturers were used on this study. The

generated data were analyzed using simple percentages. For

the purpose of this study the following recommendations were

made.

1. More lecturers should be employed so that during

examination, the different rooms and hall will have more

invigilators during the examination, students should be

properly assessed before the examination.

2. The lecturers should teach the students about reading

skills to enable them develop good reading habits.

3. The management should endeavour to build more large

halls.

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4. Course system should be introduced in secondary

school.

5. The educational system should be restructured to

provide for a smooth transition.

6. Less emphasis should as from now be accorded paper

qualification owners.

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

There is evidence in the literatures that examination are

some of the controversial issues in education today because of

their nature, they attract many critics some of these critics

think that less emphasis should be placed or laid on

examination while others advocated understanding of subject

rather than recourse to examination.

Also examinations are known to play very important role in

our education system. According to Ojerinde in Oyechere

(2010), examination is a formal test of somebody knowledge,

skills or ability in a particular subject especially by means of

oral or written questions or practical exercise. According to

Liman, (1996) examination is a means of testing student’s

knowledge and competence. To Ahmed (2010) examination is

any act of wrongdoing or neglect that contravenes the rules and

regulations of acceptable practice before, during and after an

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examination by any after an examination by any reason. In all

countries of the world examination, which are in reality and

frequently in name also competitions designed to eliminate the

majority of candidate and allocate the remainder to certain

known vacancies.

The most important quality of examination is used to

determine pass or fail of students or group students in a school.

This is necessary because I the opinion of Ahmed history seem

to support the views that setting students against one another

in trial and competition has always been repeatable means of

inviting them zeal. Student who knows that he might fail an

examination which will in turn determines his progress or

promotion will strive to pass. Examination is also used

academically for assigning grades to student’s secondary

schools, we find students being places in division one, two and

three or distinction credit and respectively determined through

an examination. In the universities also, students are stratified

into first, second, (Upper and Lower) or third class degree

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having gone through an examination. These grades are

measure of success and prestige students with a division one

pass in school certificate examination will be retained by those

around him as academically precious, he is also likely to have a

place in institutions of higher learning or in job situation with

the society easier than a students with a division three pass. All

these candidates have combined to influence a student’s

attitude to an examination, which always culminates in an urge

for success in any particular examination on whether or not he

had prepared for it.

Examinations are also used for other functions. According to

Senekan (1996) examination is irregularities, which are

premeditated and perpetuated by the candidates or their

agents with the intension of gaining undue advantage in the

examination. They are designed as a basis for licensing. An

example according to Senekan is the drilling test no one so far

wishes to part a limit to the number of drives on the road or to

set motorist completing against to knock out all bet a small pre-

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determined quantities of top-grade performance. The

authorities have every desire to ensure that those who handled

cars are capable of doing so with at least a minimum of

efficiency. All licensing examination is a means of screening

undesirable, so as to make life safer for many of our reads.

Results are governed not by an absolute standard and if

performance but by the level of competence of the

competitions and in the last sort. (Civil Servant) by the number

of posts to be filled in the Edo State school system, the students

have to fall series of the ought in educational circles and hence

the need of this work.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Now the causes and consequences of Examination

malpractice is known in our education system in Nigeria

question such as;

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1. Are the causes and consequences of examination

malpractice hindering our education system?

2. What are those factors and in what way have they

hampered examination?

3. Are there other factors hindering the educational system?

The aim of the research is to find out the answer to these

questions during the research work and make effort to

examine the causes and consequences of the menace

called examination malpractice.

1.3 PURPOSE OF STUDY

The purpose of this study is to find out the causes of

examination malpractice in secondary schools especially,

secondary schools in Ughelli North Local Government Area of

Delta State, Benin City, various methods employed by students

as well as the roles by teachers, parents, secondary school

authorities and the society at large.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

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1. What are the consequences of examination

malpractice?

2. Why do student engage in examination malpractice?

3. What methods do the students use in carrying out the

examination malpractice?

4. What are the contributions of teachers towards

encouraging examination malpractice?

5. Does unconducive learning environment propel students

into examination malpractice?

1.5 HYPOTHESIS

The following hypothesis were drawn for this study;

1. There is no significance consequence between students

who engaged in examination malpractice and those who

do not.

2. There is not significance contribution of teachers to the

major problem of examination malpractice.

3. Unconducive learning environment does not lead or propel

students into examination malpractice.

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4. Inadequate provision of instructional materials does not

push students into examination malpractice.

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

It is of great importance to note that at the completion of

this research work, various secondary schools, communities,

towns, state and Nigeria in general will find the result of this

research work to be beneficial to a great extent, this research

work would play an essential role in the standard of education

and in the task of economic growth and development. The

result from this research work will also provide an ample

opportunity for parents to be aware of what role they must play

in order to prevent their children from being engaged in

examination malpractice.

The significant of this study is to reveal the depth at which

examination malpractice or misconduct have eaten deep into

the fabric of our secondary schools (most especially in Edo

State), to discover the forms, causes, consequences and

permanent cure or permanent solution to the problem of causes

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and consequences of examination misconduct or malpractice.

Also students been enlighten will then preserve the norms and

value of the society and the ethics of examination.

1.7 SCOPE OF STUDY

The researcher concentrated on Ughelli North Local

Government Area of Delta State, these are the names of the

schools;

1. Orogun Girls Grammar School, Ughelli

2. Anglican Girls Grammar School, Ughelli

3. Government College, Ughelli

4. Otor-Vwodo Grammar School, Ughelli

5. Ojowe Secondary School, Orogun

6. Standard International School, Ughelli

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Examination: A formal written, spoken or practical test,

especially at school or college, to see how much you know

about a subject or what you can do.

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Misconduct: Careless, wrong or illegal behaviour while in a

professional job.

Consequences: A result of something that happened

Significance: The importance of something, especially when

this has an effect on what happens in the future.

Cheat: To trick or deceive somebody, especially when they

trust you.

Development: It is the gradual growth to be more advanced.

Essential: To do something that is completely necessary,

extremely important in a particular situation or for a particular

activity.

Permanent: Lasting for a long time or for all time in the future

existing all the time.

Causes: The person or thing that makes something happen.

Ethics: Moral principles that control or influence a person’s

behaviour.

Enlighten: To give somebody information so that they

understand something better.

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Preserve: To keep a particular quality, feature, etc to make

sure that something is kept.

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Examination Malpractice in Senior Secondary Schools