• Exam #1: Wednesday April 16th 1:30-2:50 in Hogness Auditorium• bring scantron• covers chapters 1, atlas A, 6-9• Material covered on Tuesday WILL be on exam #1

• Quiz #1 closes Monday at 11pm

• review session Tuesday at 7pm in T-435 Health Science Building

Sacroiliac joint – SI joint

Name this cell.List one of it’s functions.

Name this space. What is in this space?

John broke his ulna, does heneed crutches?

The pelvis is made up of 3 bones thatfuse, name them.

Joints• Different type of joints

• fibrous• cartilaginous

• synovial• anatomy • stabilizers

• temporomandibular joint• anatomy• TMJ syndrome

• shoulder joint• anatomy• common injuries

• knee and ankle joint• anatomy• common injuriesStrider

Joint classification• manner or type of material by which bones articulate• relates to movement

Fibrous or cartilaginous synovial

Fibrous• bound by collagen fibers• little or no movement

Cartilaginous• linked by cartilage• some movement

CartilageCells: chondrocytes Chondro = cartilage

Fibers: collagen or elastin

Matrix: firm gel• chondroitin sulfates• proteoglycans

Perichondrium: dense, irregular CT with chondroblasts

Examples of fibrous joints in the skull

• freely moveable

• articulating bones covered with articular (hyaline) cartilage

• bones separated by joint cavity

• joint cavity contains synovial fluid

• joint is enclosed by joint capsule

Synovial joints

Ligaments (extracapsular)

Joint cavity (contains synovial fluid)

Joint (articular) capsule(Synovial membrane + fibrous capsule)

Articular (hyaline) cartilage

Parts of a synovial joint

Synovial fluid and warming up

Bursa• sac filled with synovial fluid• between muscles or tendons and bones• for protection and sliding• bursitis - inflammation

Tendon Sheaths• elongated bursae• wrap around a tendon• for protection and sliding• tenosynovitis• tendonitis

How do you stabilize a synovial joint?

Name & how (4 ways)

1. Depress & elevate2. Medial & lateral excursion3. Protraction & retraction

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

Mandibularfossa

TMJ dislocation

Masseter

Temporalis

Temporomandibular ligament

TMJ syndrome

• Exam #1: Wednesday April 16th 1:30-2:50 in Hogness Auditorium• bring scantron• covers chapters 1, atlas A, 6-9• Material covered on Tuesday WILL be on exam #1

• Quiz #1 closes Monday at 11pm

• review session Tuesday at 7pm in T-435 Health Science Building

• Exam #1: Wednesday April 16th 1:30-2:50 in Hogness Auditorium• bring scantron• covers chapters 1, atlas A, 6-9• includes material covered today

Joints

Ball and Socket joints

Humeroscapular joint Coxal joint

Humeroscapular joint (Glenohumeral)

articulating bones?

• flex & extend• hyperextend• abduct & adduct• medial & lateral rotation• circumduction

What about protraction &retraction of the scapula?

Sternoclavicular joint

Scapular anatomy• acromion• spine • coracoid process• glenoid cavity• AC joint

Articular cartilageGlenoid labrumTendon of biceps brachii

Glenoidlabrum

Glenoidcavity

Subdeltoidbursa

SupraspinatusAcromion

Acromioclavicular (AC) joint

Posterior view Anterior viewsupraspinatus

subscapularisinfraspinatusTeres minor

Rotator cuff muscles

glenoidlabrum

Glenohumeral ligaments

Subscapularistendon

Glenohumeralligament

Supraspinatus tendon

Infraspinatustendon

Teres minortendon

Lateral view of glenoid fossa

Shoulder separation – Acromioclavicular joint

3. What is this? Function?

1. What is this? Function?

2. What is this? Function?

4. When the head of the humerus comes out of the glenoid fossa, what is that injury called?

Tibiofemoral joint (knee)• articulating bones

• tibia – femur(patellofemoral joint)

• movements- modified hinge• flex• extend• rotation when flexed• “locking” when fully extended

Lateral meniscusMedial meniscus

Menisci = Fibrocartilage pads

Knee flexed

Patellar surfaceMedial & lateral condyles

Tibial plateau(proximal end of tibia)

Osteoarthritis (OA) vs rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

quads

patella

quads

patella

meniscus

Prepatellar bursa

Patellarligament

Joint capsule

Housemaid’s knee (from a wrestling website….) aka prepatellar bursitis

Anterior Posterior

meniscus

Medial (tibial)collateral ligament

Intracapsular & extracapsular ligaments of knee

Ant. Cruciate lig.

Post. Cruciate lig.

Lateral (fibular)collateral lig.

PCL: anterior displacement of femur when knee if flexed hyperflexion

ACL: posterior displacement of femur when knee is extended hyperextension

Deviations of the tibia from the midline• unequal weight distribution• unequal wear & tear

before after

Abnormal patella tracking can lead to chondromalacia (cartilage breakdown)

Osteoarthritis (OA)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)Case..

1. Name this structure

2. Name this structure (be specific)

3. Give one function of the structure in #2 (be specific)

4. List at least 6 movements that theshoulder can make

5. List at least 4 movements that theTMJ can make

Talocrural (ankle) joint

Articulating bones

Movements

Talo = ankleCrural = pertaining to the leg

retinaculum

Medial (deltoid) ligaments

Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon

Lateral collateral ligaments(Anterior talofibular ligament –Sprained during inversion)

1. Something important you learned today.

2. Any important questions that remain unanswered.

Leave papers at the front of the room

Thank you!

On a piece of paper, please tell me:

• Exam #1: Wednesday April 16th 1:30-2:50 in Hogness Auditorium• bring scantron• covers chapters 1, atlas A, 6-9• includes information covered today!

• review session tonight at 7pm in T-435 Health Science Building

Joints