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Ex vivo gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using synthetic processes of cellular and nuclear import and targeted chromosomal integration SyntheGeneDelivery 2006-2008 Specific Targeted Research or Innovation Project

Ex vivo gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

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Specific Targeted Research or Innovation Project. Ex vivo gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using synthetic processes of cellular and nuclear import and targeted chromosomal integration SyntheGeneDelivery 2006-2008. LEPG. 2.4 M €. Equipe Edward Smith (Suède) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Ex vivo gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests

using

synthetic processes of cellular and nuclear

import and targeted chromosomal integration

SyntheGeneDelivery2006-2008

Specific Targeted Research or Innovation Project

Page 2: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

LEPG

2.4 M €

Page 3: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Vecteurs synthétiques : SyntheGene Transfert

Equipe Dominique Wells (Angleterre)

Equipe Ronald Chalmers (Angleterre)

Transfection ex vivo de cellules souches dans un cadre de thérapie génique

Equipe Edward Smith (Suède)

Bioplexe (PNA ciblage au noyau)

Equipe Yves Bigot (France)

Vecteur d’intégration site spécifique

Equipe Bruno Pitard (France)

Vecteur d’administration Lipoplexe-Block copolymère

Page 4: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

SyntheGeneDelivery

Non-viral systems for ex-vivo gene transfer

Transposon-based system

Improved to bypass the biological barriers of the cell

Site directed gene integration

Safety is our leitmotiv…

Page 5: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

SyntheGeneDelivery

Transposon-based system :

Mariner Mos1

Transposase gene5’ITR 3’ITR

?

Page 6: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Mos1

Mariner

Page 7: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Mos1

• ITR de 28 pb• 4 différences entre ITR5’ et ITR3’• Gène sans intron codant la Tnp (345 acides aminés)• Autonome

ADN de 1286 pb

ITR5’ ITR3’

UTR5’ UTR3’ORF Transposase TATA

Page 8: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

ATG

Mos1

Transcription du gène codant la Tnp ?

ITR5’ ITR3’UTR5’ UTR3’

ORF Transposase TATA

polyA

Page 9: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Mos1

Transcription du gène codant la Tnp ?

ITR5’ ITR3’UTR5’ UTR3’

ORF Transposase TATA

polyA

ITRMos1 mRNA

Petit et al. 2006

Page 10: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Mos1

Traduction du messager codant la Tnp ?

Domaine de liaison à l’ADN

3-D non connue

Domaine Catalytique

3-D connue

HTH

D D 34 D 1 345

MgCl2 ou MnCl2

Hélice

Feuillet

Richardson et al. 2006

La Tpase est nécessaire et suffisante pour la transposition

Page 11: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Qu’est ce que l’on sait sur HTH et ITR

ITRpalindrome

mirror Site symétrique

33

Liaison

Courbure

CRO, CRP, répresseur

Famille des protéines HTHHomodimère

Hardwidge et al., 2002

Page 12: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Fonctionnement de la transpositionFonctionnement de la transposition

mirror

palindrome

66

Capacité de courbure

In silico data

http://hydra.icgeb.trieste.it/dna/bend_it.html

ITR seul

Courbé rigide

Point de flexibilité

Méthode aléatoire

Fixation asymétrique du dimère de transposase1/2 site différent ?

ITR + Tnp

1 2 3 4 5 6

Freeprobe

Probes

SEC2SEC1

Permutation circulaire

ITR5’= ITR3’

Angle 90°

Page 13: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

83 kDa

160 kDa

kDa225

100

150

75

WT (1-345)

0 5 15 30 60 C

minutes

MONOMERE dimère

HTH

D D 34 D

cis-dimérisation monomère / dimère

Qu’est ce que l’on sait sur le comportement de Mos1

Page 14: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Mos1: mécanisme de transposition

5’-TCAGGTGTACAAGTATGAAATGTCGTTT-3’3’-AGTCCACATGTTCATACTTTACAGCAAA-5’

TA

D 34 D D D D 34 DHTHHTH

Et après ??

Page 15: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Mos1: mécanisme de transposition

Liaison à l’ADN

Complexesynaptique Excision Insertion

TA

« Exciser - réinsérer »« Couper - coller »

Vecteur ??

Page 16: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Mos1: mécanisme de transposition

Augé-Gouillou et al. 2001

Interaction Tnp/ITR

ITR3’ > ITR5’

Impact sur la transposition ?

Mécanisme améliorable ??

Mécanisme régulé ??

Page 17: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Mos1: mécanisme de transposition

Test de transposition en bactéries.

Tnpi

• Plasmide source de Tnp• Production inductible

Pseudo-Mos1

• Plasmide donneur de transposon• 3Tet3 versus 5Tet3• Tétracycline sensible avant transposition

Induction

Promoteur « tagging » : Apparition de clones tétra R

= Evénements de transposition

F = Nb bact Tet R / Nb total bactsans Tnp

avec Tnp

5Tet3 0 0

3Tet3 0 10-4

Page 18: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Mécanisme régulé

Mécanisme améliorable

Mos1: régulations

Régulation ?

Temperature (°C)25 28 32 37

Tra

nsp

osit

ion

fr

eq

uen

cy

10-7

10-4

10-5

10-6

10-2

10-3

Transgene size (bp)

Transposition

efficiency

372 10-3

1 200 10-4

2 500 1.2 10-4

5 000 5 10-6

7 000 3.6 10-8

13 000 < 10-9

+ Tnp

5Tet3 0

3Tet3 10-4

Page 19: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Mécanisme régulé

Mécanisme améliorable

Mos1: régulations

Régulation ?

1,00E-06

2,10E-05

4,10E-05

6,10E-05

8,10E-05

1,01E-04

0 5 15 30 60

Fré

qu

en

ce d

e

tran

sp

osit

ion

in

vit

ro

minutes

Tnp déPTnp P

Tnp protéine eucaryote.Modifications post-traductionnelles ?

ITR3’

Tnp P

Tnp déP

Page 20: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Mos1: vecteur de demain…

Transposon• Ubiquiste• Simple• Améliorable

Vecteur !!

SyntheGeneDelivery

Page 21: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

SyntheGeneDelivery

Transposon-based system :

Mariner Mos1

Transposase gene5’ITR 3’ITR

Chromosome

Page 22: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

SyntheGeneDelivery

Transposon-based system :

Mariner mos1

Transposase gene5’ITR 3’ITR

Page 23: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

SyntheGeneDelivery

Transposon-based system :

Mariner mos1

Transposase gene5’ITR 3’ITR

Simple and small DNA molecule (1300 bp)Active in different cell types

Page 24: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

SyntheGeneDelivery

Transposon-based system :

Mariner mos1

Transgene5’ITR 3’ITR

Transposase supplied in transPlasmidmRNAProtein

Transgène = gène médicament / thérapie cellulaire

Page 25: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

SyntheGeneDelivery

1 - Enter into the cell 2 - Enter

into the nucleus

3 - Enter into the chromosome

Ex vivo

All synthetic, non-viral components

+ Transposase

Page 26: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

SyntheGeneDelivery: 1- To enter into the cell

ev-Synthetic gene delivery systems

+ Transposase

BGTC-Dope

Page 27: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

In Cell Art (Bruno Pitard)

FDAStem cells

LipoplexesBGTC-Dope

no yes

Block copolymersyes no

yes yes

SyntheGeneDelivery: 1- To enter into the cell

ev-Synthetic gene delivery systems

Page 28: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

+ Transposase

LEPG - Tours (Yves Bigot)

Bypass the nuclear membrane: NLS

SV40 NLS: on plasmids backbone

DNA-NLS

SyntheGeneDelivery: 2- To enter into the nucleus

Page 29: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Bypass the nuclear membrane: NLS

SyntheGeneDelivery: 2- To enter into the nucleus

Avaris AB (Elisabeth Törnquist)

Karolinska Institutet (Edvard Smith)

+ Transposase

Bioplex (PNA + NLS): coupled to plasmids backbone

NLS

Page 30: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

+ Transposase

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

Page 31: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

+ Transposase

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

Page 32: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

+ Transposase

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

Page 33: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Oxford Univ (Ronald Chalmers)

LEPG -Tours (Yves Bigot)

Improve mos1 efficiency

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

Page 34: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Improve mos1 transposition efficiency

TEST: Transfection of human cells (HeLa)

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

Analyse des clones résistants à la Néo

Transfection: J1

Composition des complexes transfectés :

- un plasmide donneur de transposon (néo)- un plasmide donneur de transposase (+/-)- un agent transfectant (PEI)

J3

boîte depétri

Sélection en G41815 jours

Page 35: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Improve mos1 transposition efficiency

Transfection of human cells

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

Fischer et al. 2001

Page 36: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Improve mos1 transposition efficiency

Transfection of human cells

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

Wu et al. 2006

Page 37: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Improve mos1 transposition efficiency

Transfection of human cells

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

Keravala et al. 2006

Himar in vitro

Himar en cellules humaines

Page 38: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Improve mos1 transposition efficiency

Transfection of human cells

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

Page 39: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Improve mos1 transposition efficiency

Transfection of human cells

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

Petit et al. 2006

Pas de Tnp = pas de transposition

Régulation négative de la production de Tnp MOS1 ?

Induction RNAi ?

Page 40: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Improve mos1 transposition efficiency

Engineering the transposase and the

vectorMutagenesis to obtain

hyperactive and/or non-phosphorylable MOS1 Tnp

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

WT(53) E137KT216A

F53YT216A

T216AY237C

E137KY237C

Q91RE137KT216A

F53YQ91R

F53YQ91RE137KT216A

Q91RY237C

F53YY237C

F53YE137KT216A

F53YT216AY237C

F53YE137KT216AY237C

F53YQ91RE137KT216AY237C

Mutant

Facteur d'hyperactivité

X 36

X 24

X 14

X 3

X 17

X 87

X 15X 8

X 21

X 61

X 11

Transposition en bactérie

Page 41: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Improve mos1 transposition efficiency

Engineering the transposase and the

vectorMutagenesis to obtain

hyperactive transposon sequence

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

10-7

10-6

10-5

10-4

10-3

49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63

GC content (%)

Tra

nspo

siti

on f

requ

ency

3T3

Page 42: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Improve mos1 transposition efficiency

Engineering the transposase and the

vectorMutagenesis to obtain

hyperactive transposon sequence (ITR/UTR)

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

TransgeneTranspositi

on efficiency

3Tet3 1

5Tet3 0,03

3Tet33 16

33Tet55 6,2

33Tet33 6

Page 43: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Improve mos1 transposition efficiency

Engineering the transposase and the

vector

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

TransgeneTranspositi

on efficiency

3Tet3 1

5Tet3 0,03

3Tet33 16

33Tet55 6,2

33Tet33 6

+ Tnp hyperactive (X 80)

Amélioration d’un facteur ± 1200

Page 44: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Improve mos1 transposition efficiency

Target the insertion

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

Program the integration site using the DNA binding

specificity of a defined ZFD fused to the transposase.

Insertion aléatoire : qualité des cellules

obtenues ?

Essais de Fisher avec les « enfants bulle »

Leucémies…

Page 45: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Improve mos1 transposition efficiency

Target the insertion

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

ZFD fused Tnp

Principe :

Zing Finger Domain

30 AAStructurés par un ZnLiaison spécifique triplet AcNucl

Page 46: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Improve mos1 transposition efficiency

Target the insertion

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

ZFD fused Tnp

Principe :

Zing Finger Domain

30 AAStructurés par un ZnLiaison spécifique triplet AcNucl

Page 47: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Improve mos1 transposition efficiency

Target the insertion

SyntheGeneDelivery: 3- To enter into the chromosome

ZFD fused Tnp

4 x 3 pb = 12 pb.Séquence unique.

Choix de la séquence « cible » pour l’intégration du transgène: 12 pb.

Fabrication du ZBS correspondant / fusion avec la Tnp MOS1.

Ciblage de l’intégration

Page 48: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Imperial College (Dominic Wells)

Muscle stem cellsGenetic muscle disorderIntramuscular graft = Factory cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (hfMSC) First trimester fetal blood - multipotentiality (differentiation)Therapeutic potential in utero transplantationMesenchymal deficiency diseases

SyntheGeneDelivery: 4- Transformation of stem cells

Page 49: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Analyses of transposition events

SyntheGeneDelivery

Un événement de transposition « vraie » par cellule.

Pas de recombinaison (présence trop ADN ou Tnp)

Disparition du plasmide donneur de transposon.

Disparition de la source de Tnp.

Localisation de l’intégration.Southern blots =

Choix des « bonnes » cellules

Page 50: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Analyses of transposition events

SyntheGeneDelivery

Page 51: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Analyses of transposition events

SyntheGeneDelivery

Liu et al. 2005

Transposition = 1 bandeTA au séquençage

Page 52: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Avoiding recombination

SyntheGeneDelivery

Insertion d’un gène suicide dans le plasmide donneur de transgène et apport de la transposase

sous forme d’ARNm

Page 53: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

Avoiding recombination

SyntheGeneDelivery

Page 54: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

SyntheGeneDelivery

Stem cell clones or population (?)

Purify or select the genetically modified stem cells

Therapeutic gene

Efficiently transfert & integrate the transgene at a specific site Stem cells

Amplify safe stem cells

Control the quality of the cells to warrant safety

Safe stem cell clones or

population (?)

Reimplant safe stem cells in

patient

Patient

Page 55: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

SyntheGeneDelivery

Challenges

To solve the size limitation of mariner based vectors

To target the transgene insertion at a defined “safe”

locus

We are only “tools conceptors”, not clinicians.

To efficiently transform stem cells with a FDA agreed

product

Page 56: Ex vivo  gene delivery for stem cells of clinical interests using

SyntheGeneDelivery

Un outil pour quoi faire ?

Cellules usines ré-implantées :

Greffe intra-musculaire

Hemophilia A (f VIII)Hemophilia B (f IX)Diabètes insulino-dépendants

Adulte ou enfant

Thérapie cellulaire/génique

DMD (micro-dystrophin)Osteogenesis Imperfecta type

I

Foetus